人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册 学案Unit4 Journey Across a Vast Land 易混易错点辨析（含答案）

【名师原创】：Unit4 易混易错点辨析
●travel; journey; trip; tour
【教材原句】
Travel far enough, you meet yourself. (教材P37)
What do you know about rail journeys (教材P38)
What do you think you will see if you go on a rail journey across Canada. (教材P38)
【辨析】
四个词都有“旅行”的意思，但有一定区别。
travel意思是“旅行,旅游”, 既可以作名词也可作动词，指某人国内外不同的地方所进行的多次旅行, 泛指“旅行”时，为不可数名词，如果指一次较长时间、且去过多处地方的旅游时, 常用复数形式。
journey意思是“一次旅游”，强调旅程，行程，旅途，是直达目的地的长途旅行, 一般用作可数名词，也可作动词。
trip意思是“一次往返的旅途”， 往往是短途旅行，常伴有原因或目的，一般用作可数名词。
tour 意思是“观光，巡游”，一般用作可数名词，后常接of 短语，也可作动词,指巡回比赛或演出。
【例句呈现】
He is writing a book about his travels.
他正在写一本关于他的游历的书。
Information on travel in New Zealand is available at the hotel.
新西兰的旅游信息在该酒店可以查到。
Students often travel hundreds of miles to get here.
学生们常常要旅行数百英里才能到这儿。
It was a long journey, but we eventually arrived.
旅程很长，但我们最后还是到达了。
He told a very descriptive account of his journey.
他对旅行作了十分生动的叙述。
We went on a school trip to the zoo.
我们参加了学校的动物园旅行。
I'm going on a business trip next week.
我要为商务去进行一次旅行。
They planned to make a wedding trip to Paris.
他们计划到巴黎旅行度蜜月。
We went on a tour of Guangzhou.
我们去广州观光旅游
The band is on a tour of China.
这个乐队在中国巡回演出
【考点过关】
根据travel, journey, trip和 tour的意义及用法填空
1. He likes books of _______ (travel).
2. I really enjoy my trip ________ the Ocean Park.
3. My father was on a business ________ to Beijing.
4. How was your journey ______ Shenzhen
5. He is going to make _______ long journey.
6. Let him continue on his ________ (journey).
7. They're going on a tour _______ the world.
8. We are going on a tour _______ the city this afternoon.
9. He also collects things for the house on his ________ (travel) abroad.
10. The football team is on a ________ of France.
【参考答案】
1. travels; 2. to; 3. trip; 4. to; 5. a; 6. journey; 7. of; 8. of; 9. travels; 10. tour.
●主语 + be used to do sth.；主语 + used to do; 主语 + be/get used to doing sth.
【教材原句】
They are used to show relationships between ideas. (教材P38)
【辨析】
主语 + be used to do sth. =主语 + be used for doing sth. 表示“被用来做某事”，是use sth. to do sth. 和use sth. for doing sth.的被动结构。
温馨提示：
①used to do sth. 的疑问式为Did … use to … 或Used … to … 构成；否定式为didn’t use to do sth. 或 usedn’t to do sth.
② there used to be… 表示“过去有….”
主语 + used to do sth. 表示“过去常常”，说明过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，但现在已经不那样做或已经不存在了。其中的to是不定式符号,后面要接动词原形。它只有过去式一种形式,可以用于所有人称。
主语 + be/get used to sth./doing sth. 表示“习惯于做某事”，to是介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词，be是系动词,可以用于过去、现在、将来的多种时态, 还可以用get, become等词来代替。
【例句呈现】
This powerful drug is used to tranquilize patients undergoing surgery.
这种强效药剂被用来麻醉手术病人。
The test is used to diagnose a variety of diseases.
此项化验可用于诊断多种疾病。
They used to buy ten kilos of beef in one lump.
他们过去常买10公斤重的整块牛肉。
The old-timers used to recall how hot 1886 was.
老人们常常回想起1886年的酷热。
I used to watch TV, but now I don’t like it.
我过去常常看电视,但现在不喜欢了。
He didn’t use / used not to go home by bus.
他过去不常坐公共汽车回家。
-- Did you use to be a teacher / Used you to be a teacher 你过去是老师吗
-- Yes, I did. 是的。
There used to be an old temple behind my house, didn’t there
过去我家房子后面有一个古寺，是吗？
He is used to air travel.
他习惯坐飞机旅行。
She is not used to eating Chinese food.
她不习惯吃中餐。
You’ll soon be/get/become used to our way of living.
你不久就会习惯我们的生活方式的。
Wood is often used to make desks and chairs.
木材常常被用来制作桌椅。
Coal can be used to keep warm.
煤可以用来取暖。
I am used to getting up early.
我习惯早起。
【考点过关】
根据“主语 + used to do; 主语 + be/get used to doing sth.; 主语 + be used to do sth. ”用法填空
1. My cousin is used to ________ (study) with his new friends in Australia.
2. I never used to ___________ (eat) cakes, but I eat a lot now.
3. My mother is used to ________ (get) up early to cook breakfast for us.
4. I used to ___________ (go) swimming on Saturdays.
5. Jim has lived in Australia for two years. He is used to _________ (drive) on the left.
6. Didn’t she use to ____________ (live) in Germany
7. You’ll soon get used to ___________ (live) in the country.
8. I’m not used to _____________ (treat) like this.
9. My parents used to ________ (get) up at 7, but now they get up at 6 and cook breakfast for me.
10. Knives are used for _________ (cut) things.
【参考答案】
1. studying; 2. eat; 3. getting; 4. go; 5. driving; 6. live; 7. living; 8. being treated; 9. get; 10. cutting
●through; across
【教材原句】
The next morning, the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise, passing through the Canadian Rockies. (教材P38)
They went up the CN Tower and looked across the shore of Lake Ontario. (教材P44)
The girls told him they were from China and were on a train trip across Canada. (教材P44)
【辨析】
两者都可表示 “穿过”，但侧重点不同。
across指横过，表示动作从一边到另一边，动作沿物体的表面进行。一般作介词，也可作副词。
through指从事物或物体的中间或内部穿过，表示动作在某立体空间中进行的。
温馨提示：如果从马路的一边横穿到另一边，用across; 如果从街道的一头到另一头，则用through
【例句呈现】
There's a way across the fields.
有一条路穿过田地。
We left the road and struck off across the fields.
我们下了公路，穿过旷野往前走。
The map shows the distribution of this species across the world.
地图上标明了这一物种在全世界的分布情况。
The lights changed to red before I could get across.
我还没来得及通过，红灯又亮了。
The general had to get his troops across the river.
将军必须让部队过河。
Growth has not been uniform across the country.
全国各地的发展程度不一。
The bridge was destroyed so we couldn't get across the river.
大桥已经毁坏，我们无法过河了。
They went on a long train journey across India.
他们乘火车作了一次横跨印度的长途旅行。
Go through this gate, and you'll see the house on your left.
你穿过这道大门，就看到左面的房子了。
The track led us through a wood.
我们沿着那条小道穿过了树林。
They drove a tunnel through the solid rock.
他们凿出一条穿过坚固岩石的隧道。
The path goes through a wood before rejoining the main road.
这条小路穿过一片树林后与大路交汇。
The quickest way is through the back lanes behind the bus station.
最近的路是穿过公共汽车站后面的小巷。
He inched his way through the narrow passage.
他一点一点地穿过狭窄的通道。
Children from the flats across the street were playing outside.
街对面公寓楼里的儿童正在户外玩耍。
【考点过关】
用across和through填空
1. They marched silently ______ the streets from one end to the other end.
2, Draw a thick black line _______ the page.
3. Air ducts and electrical cables were threaded _______ the complex structure
4. The bank is just _______ the street.
5. The main path continues ________ a tunnel of trees.
6. He offered to ferry us ________ the river in his boat.
7. These boys pushed their way ________ the crowd of people in order to save time.
8. The lake was frozen, so we walked _______ the ice.
9. It took us hours to walk _______ the forest.
10. At the front door stood a five-year-old boy from _______ the street.
11. The drove ________ a snowstorm yesterday.
12. A smile of understanding flashed ________ Kathy’s face.
13. The sunlight came in ________ the windows in the roofs and lit up the whole room.
【参考答案】
1. through 2. across; 3. through; 4. across; 5. through; 6. across; 7. through; 8. across; 9. through; 10. across; 11. through; 12. across; 13. through
●on；in; to
【教材原句】
Standing in the distance, they were astonished to see misty clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake. (教材P44)
【辨析】
三者都可以表示地理方位，但用法不同。
on 一般指一个事物与另一个事物接壤，但两者互不包括，也就是说两者没有交
集, 常构成短语 on the east/west/south/north (side) of….
in 一般指一个事物在另一个事物范围之内，即包括在内, in the east/west/south
/north (side) of….
to 一般指两个事物在地理方位山相距有一定距离，to the east/west/south/north
(side) of….
【例句呈现】
The deep has been gaining on the east coast of England for many years.
多年来海洋不断侵蚀英格兰的东海岸。
All the rivers on the east side of England empty into the North sea.
英格兰东部的河流都流入北海。
Lamu was one of the original Swahili settlements, founded on the east coast of Africa, and it's still inhabited to this day.
拉姆原来是斯瓦希里人的定居点，位于非洲东海岸，现今他们仍居住在这个地方。
Jiangxi Province lies on the east of Hunan province.
江西省与湖南省东面接壤。
A republic in the West Indies; located on the east of the island of Hispaniola.
西印度群岛上的一个共和国；位于伊斯帕尼奥拉岛东部。
The real danger is civil unrest in the east of the country
真正的危险是该国东部地区的民众动乱。
I was born at Blunderstone, in Suffolk, in the east of England, and was given my poor father's name, David Copperfield.
我出生在英国东部萨福克郡的布兰德斯通，并沿用了我不幸的父亲之名——大卫·科波菲尔。
Both sides say they want to try to reach a political settlement in the embattled north and east of the island.
双方都表示想努力为处于战乱中的该岛北部和东部地区寻求政治解决方案。
The attack comes as President Assad's forces are mounting an all-out attempt to win back areas in the south and east of Damascus that had been captured by the rebels.
大马士革南部及东部地区被反对派控制，而此次袭击表明总统阿萨德的军队试图全力夺回该地区的控制权。
To the north, to the south, to the west and to the east stretched the ridges of the Hills Everlasting.
永恒的山脉向东西南北各个方向蜿蜒绵亘。
Situated to the south east of Australia, it may seem like a long way to travel. However, your visit will be one of the most memorable trips you make in your life.
新西兰位于澳大利亚东南，与澳大利亚隔海相望。看起来路途遥远，然而，这一定能成为你终身难忘的一次旅行。
We were driven to the east of the Molucca Islands.
我们被刮到了摩鹿加群岛以东。
Mauritius is A tiny island nation in the Indian Ocean to the east of Madagascar,
毛里求斯只是印度洋中，马达加斯加东面的一个小小岛国。
【考点过关】
根据on, in和to表示地理方位的用法填空
1. Vietnam lies ______ the south of China.
2. They bought a villa ______ the South of France.
3. Japan is ______ the east of china.
4. Canada lies ______ the north of America.
5. Shipping and flights have been suspended in cities ______ the south east of the island.
6. Mongolia lies ______ the north of China.
7. _______ the east of our school, there's a naked hillside.
8. Wales lies _______ the west of England.
9. The Circus is about 200 meters ________ the east of the Royal Crescent.
10. Forty percent of the homes and apartments are _______ the South East of England, with 15000 properties alone in London.
11. Hunan Province is _______ the south of Henan Province.
12. Russia is _______ the north of China.
13. Korea lies ________ the east of China.
14. Laos is _________ the west of Vietnam.
15. Sussex is a county _______ the south east of England, stretching down to the southern coast along the English channel.
16. Another famous city, Venice, is ________ the east of Milan.
17. Dalian is _______ the south of the Liaodong Peninsula.
18. China lies _______ the east of the Pacific.
【参考答案】
1. on; 2. in; 3. to; 4. on; 5. in; 6. on; 7. To; 8. on; 9. to; 10. in; 11. on; 12. on; 13. to; 14. on; 15. in; 16. to; 17. in; 18. on
●when；while；as
【教材原句】
As they sat in a restaurant alongside the broad St Lawrence River, a young man sat down with them. (教材P44)
【辨析】
三者都有“当……时候”的意思，有时候可以互换，但在不同语境中用法不同。when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。
①when, while, as 可以互换的情况：从句动作和主句动作同时发生，并且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as 可以互换。
② when引导的时间状语从句谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是短暂性动词；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。
③while 表示动作正在发生的那种状态，常常是while 引导的从句动作正在发生的时候，主句的动作是怎样的，while 引导的从句谓语动词是延续性动词，且多用进行时，强调“一段时间”和过程。
④when 引导的从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；而while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生；从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when；在表示将来时的从句中，常用when，且从句须用一般现在时代替将来时。
⑤当从句表示“随着……”；“一边……，一边……”之意时，只能用 as引导从句。
⑥ when可用于表示“一……就……”的句型中，其结构为：
Sb. had hardly（＝scarcely） done sth. when．．．
＝Hardly/Scarcely had sb. done sth. when．．．
⑦在下列结构中，一般用when
be doing sth. when……正在做某事，突然发生了另一件事
be about to do sth. when…..就要/正要做某事，突然发生了另一件
be on the point of doing sth. when…. 就要/正要做某事，突然发生了另一件
had just done sth. when…..刚刚做完某事，突然发生了另一件事
【例句呈现】
While they were talking, the bell rang.
正在他们谈话的时候，上课铃响了。
You can't do your homework while you're watching TV.
你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业。
While John was sitting biting his nails, I was working out a plan to get us home.
约翰坐在那里咬指甲时, 我想出了一个回家的办法。
Sorry，I was out when you called me．
对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。
The students took notes as they listened．
学生们边听课边做笔记。
When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas.
他小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。
When she came into my room I was just reading a book.
她走进我房间时，我正在看书。
Were you writing when the teacher came in
老师进来的时候，你在写信吗？
He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door.
他正要走,这时有人敲门。
I had just finished my homework when the light went out.
我刚写完作业就停电了。
I had hardly/scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.
我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。
You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it.
在我读完这本书后，你可以借阅。
When the manager comes here for a visit next week, I’ll talk with him about this.
下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。
The students took notes as they listened．
学生们边听课边做笔记。
As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer.
随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强
When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.
干完活后，你可以休息一下。
As the day went on, the weather got worse.　
日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。
Just as/Just when/When I stopped my car, a man came up to me.
我刹车后，有一个人向我走来。
While/When/As I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of the bank.
我顺着马路往前走时,发现银行门前停着一辆警车。
I had hardly/scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door．
＝Hardly/Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door．
我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。
I had hardly/scarcely entered my room when the telephone rang．
＝Hardly/Scarcely had I entered my room when the telephone rang．
我刚一走进房门，电话就响了。
【考点过关】
用while, when, as填空。
1. _______ the time went on，the weather got worse．
2. _______ he had finished his homework，he took a short rest．
3. The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner ________ the height increases．
4. _______ I got to the airport，the guests had left．
5. ______ years go by，China is getting stronger and richer．
6. _______ we were dancing，a stranger came in．
7. The little girls sang ________ they went．
8. The sad mother sat on the roadside，shouting ______ she was crying．
9. You shall borrow the book _______ I have finished reading it．
10. ________ my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.
11. _______ the manager comes here for a visit next week，I’ll talk with him about this．
12. _______ Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him.
13. _______ she was making a phone call，I was writing a letter．
14. Strike ________ the iron is hot.
15. Yesterday his father was on the point of going out _________ it began to rain.
16. They were all watching TV ________ the electricity was cut off.
【参考答案】
1. As; 2. When; 3. As; 4. When; 5. As; 6. When/While/As; 7. As; 8. As; 9. When; 10. While; 11. When; 12. While; 13. When /While/As; 14. While; 15. When; 16. when
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