选择性必修第二册 Unit5First Aid Learning About Language and Using Language 能力提升练（有答案）

Unit5 Learning About Language and Using Language
能力提升练
I.阅读理解
（2020北京师大附中高二上期中）
If you’re a male and you’re reading this, congratulations！You’re a survivor. According to statistics，you’re more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer as a woman，and nine times more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term，about 78 years for men in Australia，you’ll die on average five years before a woman.
There’re many reasons for this—typically，men take more risks than women and are more likely to drink and smoke but perhaps more importantly，men don’t go to the doctor.
“Men aren’t seeing doctors as often as they should,” says Dr. Gullotta. “This is particularly so for the over-40s, when diseases tend to strike. According to a recent survey，95%of women aged between 15 and early 40s see a doctor once a year, compared to 70% of men in the same age group.
“A lot of men think they’re unbeatable,” Gullotta says. “They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think, ‘Geez，if it could happen to him...’”
Then there’s the ostrich（鸵鸟）approach. “Some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know,” says Dr. Ross Cartmill.
“Most men get their cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies,” Cartmill says. He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups. “Prevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the diseases. Besides, the final cost is far greater, it’s called premature death.”
1. Why does the author congratulate male readers at the beginning of the passage
A. They can live longer than they expected.
B. They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier life.
C. They have lived long enough to read this article.
D. They are more likely to survive serious diseases now.
2. Which of the author’s statements is the most important reason that men die five years earlier on average than women according to the passage
A. Men drink and smoke much more than women.
B. Men don’t seek medical care as often as women.
C. Men are more likely to suffer from deadly diseases.
D. Men aren’t as cautious as women in the face of danger.
3. Which of the following best completes the underlined sentence “Geez, if it could happen to him... ” in Paragraph 4
A. it could happen to me, too.
B. it would be a big misfortune.
C. I should avoid playing golf.
D. I should consider myself lucky.
4. What does Dr. Ross Cartmill mean by “the ostrich approach” in Paragraph 5
A. A casual attitude towards one’s health conditions.
B. A new treatment for certain psychological problems.
C. Refusal to get medical treatment for fear of the pain involved.
D. Unwillingness to find out about one’s disease because of fear.
Ⅱ.完形填空
（2020湖北宜昌一中、荆州中学高二联考）
It was 4 o’clock in the morning when I received the phone call.
“This is the emergency room calling and your son was just 1 in with serious burns on his face, neck and arms.” The doctor described the 2 , which caused the burns. At 6 a.m., our son and his friends decided to barbecue hamburgers in the courtyard of their apartment. Unfortunately, the charcoal（木炭）burst into flames because they had sprayed too much petrol. The flames 3 my son’s shirt tail and shot from his waist to well over his head.
Fortunately，one of the boys was quick-minded, grasped my son, and 4 him on the grass. While it saved his life, there was not enough 5 to save him from fearful burns and the terrible scars（伤疤）.
After he recovered from the treatments, the doctors told him they would not do plastic surgery（整形手术）for 6 months 6 it took that long for the skin to stop shrinking and wrinkling. So he had to return to college with typical scars of burns.
When I was a child，my mother told my sister who had a very 7 10-inch scar on her arm, “Nancy，if you ignore the scar，other people will ignore it. It does not mean they will not 8 it，but it means it will not matter to them if it doesn’t matter to you.”
I 9 this wisdom on to my son. He took my advice to 10 and returned to school with his head held high-glad he was alive. By the end of the six-month waiting period，he decided that the scars did not 11 , so he made the 12 to give up any plastic surgery.
We all have “scars” that we believe will 13 people to keep away from us. And we spend a lot of time thinking that if we looked differently, or dressed differently, people would like us better. But you see, people will only judge you by your looks, or your clothes, if you are judging yourself by these same 14 standards. Put your imperfections out of your mind and concentrate on what you value 15 yourself, and your beauty will shine through.
1.A. turned B. given C. brought D. showed
2.A. event B. accident C. reason D. process
3.A. burned B. held C. took D. attracted
4.A. pushed B. rolled C. dropped D. threw
5.A. space B. time C. room D. place
6.A. if B. while C. because D. although
7.A. specific B. violent C. obvious D. cruel
8.A. mention B. notice C. reject D. blame
9.A. passed B. kept C. handled D. sent
10.A. mind B. life C. spirit D. heart
11.A. grow B. exist C. matter D. appear
12.A. attempt B. effort C. decision D. conclusion
13.A. invite B. cause C. allow D. remind
14.A. casual B. tough C. false D. general
15.A. by B. over C. beyond D. within
Ⅲ.语法填空
（2020安徽宿州十三所省重点中学高二上期中）
Seventeen-year-old teenager John Janson was honoured with the Lifesaver Awards last night for giving first aid to his neighbour after 1 shocking knife attack.
John 2 （study） in his room when he heard screaming. When he and his father rushed outside, they found Anne Slade, their neighbour, had been stabbed 3 (repeated) with a knife. She was lying in her front garden 4 (bleed) heavily. It was John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid 5 saved Ms. Slade’s life. He immediately used 6 he could find on the spot to treat the most severe injuries.
7 Ms. Slade’s hands until the ambulance came. Before receiving their awards last night, John and nine other lifesavers 8 had saved other people’s lives attended a special reception 9 (host) by the Prime Minister. “I’m proud of what I did but I was just doing what I’d been taught,” John said.
John’s experience shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real 10 (differ) in our daily life.
1. ______ 2. ______ 3. ______ 4. ______ 5. ______
6. ______ 7. ______ 8. ______ 9. ______ 10. ______
参考答案及解析：
Ⅰ.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是男性的平均寿命比女性的要短五年，其中一个最重要的原因是他们不如女性去看医生的频率高，而且对于坏消息往往采取鸵鸟态度。
1.C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的 According to statistics，you’re more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer as woman，and nine times more likely to die of AIDs.可知，男性因癌症死亡的几率比女性高很多，而能够看到这篇文章的人还活着，所以作者祝福他们，故选C。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的 but perhaps more importantly，men don’t go to the doctor可知应选B选项（男性不像女性那样经常去寻求医疗服务）。
3.A 推理判断题。根据第四段中的 They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course可知男人们一般不相信自己会得病，除非当身边的朋友打高尔夫球的时候突然死亡。也就是说，男人们在看到自己身边的朋友突然死亡的情况下会相信有一天同样的事情也有可能发生在他们自己身上，故选A。
4.D 推理判断题。根据第五段中的 Some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know，可知鸵鸟态度指的是他们害怕可能会得病，宁愿什么也不知道。故选D：因为害怕，他们不愿意了解疾病。
II.语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过儿子被烧伤留下伤疤，但决定不做整形手术的故事告诉我们，每个人都有自己认为会让别人远离自己的“伤疤”，我们不要用外表等标准来衡量别人，而是要根据内在的品质来判断一个人。
1.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这里是急诊室，您的儿子刚被送来，他的脸、脖子和手臂都被严重烧伤了。根据该空前面的the emergency room以及后面的 with serious burns on his face，neck and arms可知作者的儿子被严重烧伤，所以是被送（brought）进急诊室。tum转向，转动；give给；bring带来；show展示。
2.B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：医生描述了引起烧伤的事故（accident）。根据后面的 which caused the burns可知造成烧伤的是一场意外事故，故选B。event大事件；accident意外，事故；reason原因；process过程。
3.A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：火焰烧着（burned）了我儿子衬衫的下摆，从他的腰一直烧过头顶。根据后面的 shot from his waist to well over his head可知火焰烧到作者儿子的衬衫上，故使burned。burn烧着，着火；hold拿着，抓住；take拿走，带走；attract吸引。
4.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，其中一个男孩思维敏捷，抓住我的儿子，让他在草地上滚（rolled）了起来。根据常识，应该是其中一个男孩抓住作者的儿子，让他在草地上翻滚，以扑灭身上的火，故选B。push推动；roll使翻滚；drop使掉下；throw扔。
5.B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这救了他一命，但没有足够的时间（time）来使他免遭可怕的烧伤和糟糕的疤痕。根据第四段最后一句 So he had to return to college with typical scars of burns.可知后来他脸上留下了疤痕，是因为当时没有足够的时间，才让大火在他脸上留下了疤痕，故选B。space空间；time时间；room空间，房间；place地点。
6.C 考查连词词义辨析。句意：在他治疗恢复之后，医生告诉他，他们得过6个月才能给他做整形手术，因为（because）皮肤经过那么长时间才会停止萎缩、起皱。根据句意可知前后为因果关系，故选C。if如果；while当……时，尽管；because因为；although尽管。
7.C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我姐姐胳膊上有一个明显的（obvious）10英寸的伤疤，我妈妈跟她说：“南希，如果你忽略了这个伤疤，其他人也会忽略它的。”根据10-inch可知伤疤是很明显的，故选C。specific特定的；violent暴力的；obvious明显的；cruel粗鲁的。
8.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这并不是说他们不会注意到（notice）它，而是说如果你不在意，他们也不会在意。根据句意可知，并非他们注意不到，而是如果你觉得无关紧要，他们也会觉得无关紧要的，故选B。mention提及；notice注意到；reject拒绝；blame责备。
9.A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把这个智慧传给（passed）了我的儿子。pass sth. on to sb. 为固定短语，意为 “把某物传给某人” ，故选A。pass传递；keep保留；handle处理；send发送。
10.D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把我的建议记在心里（heart），高昂着头回到学校——庆幸自己还活着。take... to heat 把……记在心里，故选D。mind头脑；life生命；spirit精神；heart心，心脏。
11.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：六个月的等待期结束时，他觉得伤疤已经不要紧（matter）了，所以他决定放弃任何整形手术。根据后文 so he made the12 to give up any plastic surgery可知，他放弃了整形手术，所以是觉得伤疤不重要了，故选C。grow生长；exist存在；matter要紧；appear出现。
12.C 考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题。根据句意可知，他决定放弃做整形手术，故选C。attempt尝试，试图；effort努力；decision决定；conclusion结论。
13.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都有一些我们觉得会让（cause）别人远离我们的“伤疤”。cause sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事，故选B。invite邀请；cause造成；allow允许；remind提醒。
14.C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是你要知道，人们只会根据你的外表或衣服来评价你，如果你用这些一样错误的（false）标准来评价你自己。根据前文中 we spend a lot of time thinking that if we looked differently，or dressed differently，people would like us better以及But可知作者认为这个观点是错误的，故选C。casual随意的；tough艰难的，坚强的；false假的，错误的；general总的，普遍的。
15.D 考查介词词义辨析。句意：把你的缺点抛诸脑后，把注意力集中在你自己内在（within）看重的东西上，你的美丽就会散发出来。根据句意可知，是集中精力在你自己内在认为重要的东西上，故选D。by在……旁边，由……；over在……上面；beyond在较远的一边，超出；within 在……里面。
Ⅲ.语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了青少年约翰·贾森用所学的急救知识救了受伤的邻居的故事。
1.a 考查冠词。句意：17岁的青少年约翰·贾森昨晚因在次令人震惊的持刀袭击事故后对邻居进行急救而获得了“拯救者”的荣誉。此处用不定冠词表示“一次”；shocking发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
2. was studying 考查动词的时态。句意：约翰正在他的房间里学习，这时他听到尖叫声。句型sb. was doing...when... 某人正在做……这时……，用于叙述过去的事情，故填was studying。
3. repeatedly 考查副词。句意：……他们发现他们的邻居Anne Slade被用刀反复刺伤。修饰动词 stabbed，应用副词，故填 repeatedly。
4. bleeding 考查非谓语动词。句意：她正躺在她的前花园里流血很多。bleed与谓语动词表示的动作 was lying是同时发生的，应用现在分词作状语，表示伴随的动作，故填 bleeding。
5.that 考查强调句型。句意：正是约翰的快速行动和急救知识救了 Slade女士的生命。此处是强调句型，强调主语John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid，指物，故填that。
6.what 考查名词性从句。句意：他立即用他在现场能找到的东西来治疗 Slade女土手上最严重的伤口……。used后的宾语从句中缺少宾语，故填what。
7.to 考查介词。句意见上一题。In juries to…，对……的伤害，故填to。
8.who/that 考查定语从句。句意：昨天晚上领奖前，约翰和另外九位救了别人生命的“拯救者”出席了由首相主持的特别招待会。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是 nine other lifesavers，指人，定语从句中缺主语，故填who或that。
9.hosted 考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题。host和所修饰的词 a special reception之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，相当于定语从句 which was hosted，故填 hosted。
10.difference 考查名词。句意：约翰的经历表明，急救知识在我们的日常生活中真的能起作用。固定短语 make a difference意为“有影响，起作用”，故填 difference。