人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第二册 Unit5First Aid Reading and Thinking 能力提升练（有答案）

Unit5 Reading and Thinking 能力提升练
I.阅读理解
A
（2020山东师大附中高二上期末）
Burns from fire or other sources of heat can be mild or life-threatening. Some burns can be treated at home，while others need emergency medical care.
What to do if you get burned.
First，decide if you can take care of the burn yourself. If you can’t get to a hospital right away or wait for an ambulance，follow these steps:
1.Remove clothes from the burned area. But do not remove clothes that are sticking to the skin and don’t break any blister.
2.Run cool rather than cold water over the burn until the pain lessens. Do not put butter，oil or ice on the burn.
3. Lightly cover the burn with a bandage.
4.Remove jewelry that’s close to the burn.
Seek emergency medical care if:
—The burn is serious.
—The burned area is large (cover the area with a clean, soft cloth or towel).
—The burn is caused by fire, electrical wire or chemicals.
—The burn looks infected.
Precautions first!
Be careful when using candles, heaters and curling irons. Do not allow children to play in the kitchen while someone is cooking. Children can easily get burned in the kitchen.
1. what should you do first if you get burned
A. Call the doctor.
B. Check the burn.
C. Go to the hospital.
D Clean the burned area.
2. Which is the correct way to deal with burns
A. Run cold water over the burn.
B. Tear clothes away from the burn.
C. Cover a bandage gently over the burn.
D. Break the blisters quickly on the burn.
3. What is advised to avoid getting burnt
A. Preventing possible problems in advance.
B. Staying away from the kitchen.
C. Reducing the use of candles.
D. Wearing no jewelry at all.
B
（2020山西调研测试高二上期末）
Painkillers（止痛药）are turning out to be a real pain，according to a new study in the British Medical Journal.Taking them for just a week can increase your risk of a heart attack by 50%. The research suggested that the risk related to the use of certain drugs was greatest with higher doses（剂量）and during the first month of use. The potential risk may increase by 75% for medicines like ibuprofen（布洛芬）and naproxen（萘普生），and more than100% for rofecoxib（罗非昔布）.
It all sounds bad but your risk is very low—one in a million. A 100% increase means you still only have a two-in-a-million chance. Of course, all painkilling medications that work can have side effects—nothing is safe and effective. Paracetamol（扑热息痛）has very few unless taken too much，in which case it can cause serious liver danger，but it isn’t very effective. Drugs like opiates are strong painkillers but easy to be addicted to and often have other bad effects. Maybe you find that you are in a dilemma now. But don’t despair；you can refer to a pain clinic for some professional guidance. For ongoing pain，music and exercise may be the best choices to help you reduce the feeling of it.
Scientists at Harvard have recently done a quite horrible study on mice. They made the mice experience extremes of hot and cold，applied pressure to their back legs and injected the capsaicin（辣椒素）into their feet. And then they timed how long it took them to respond to the pain. Lack of sleep increased the discomfort，while stimulants（兴奋剂）such as caffeine made them less responsive to pain. It has been widely reported that a good night’s sleep and a cup of coffee in the morning may help reduce pain. But anyway，don’t throw the pills away because the study also shows taking small doses of drugs in short periods of time can be effective and safe as long as your heart is in good condition.
4. Which of the following painkillers has fewest side effects
A. Ibuprofen. B. Naproxen. C. Rofecoxib. D. Paracetamol.
5. What does the underlined word “despair” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. Take it seriously.
B. Take any risk.
C. Lose hope.
D. Feel doubtful.
6. The example of mice is used to show that _____.
A. mice can stand extreme pressure
B. good sleep and coffee may decrease pain
C. legs and feet are more sensitive to pain
D. capsaicin and stimulants can help reduce pain
7. What is the text mainly about
A. How to stop taking painkillers.
B. A new way of reducing pain.
C. The risk of taking painkillers.
D. How to avoid painkillers’ side effects.
Ⅱ.七选五
（2020河北那台高二上期末）
How to Do Basic First Aid
Basic first aid refers to a temporary form of help given to someone who has been injured or has got sick due to choking，a heart attack，drugs or other medical emergencies. 1____.
Care for the person who has just gone through serious damage，including both physical treatment and emotional support. 2____. Let the person know that help is on its way and that everything will be all right. And you can ask about his name，and then about his interests if he knows what has happened.
3____. You’d better listen for the sound of air coming in and out，and feel for air using the side of your face. If there are no signs of breathing，place two fingers under the chin（下巴）and gently guide the face upwards to open up his airways.
Perform 30 chest compressions（心肺复苏）and two rescue breaths as part of CPR. 4____. And then press the chest down about 2 inches at a rate of 100 compressions per minute. After 30 compressions，give two rescue breaths，done by opening the airways, closing the nose and fully covering the mouth hole.
Make sure the person is warm as you wait for medical help. Remove some of your own clothes，such as your coat or jacket，and use it as a cover until medical help arrives. However，if the person suffers from heatstroke（中暑），do not cover him or keep him warm. 5____.
A. Instead，try to cool him
B. Remember to stay calm
C. Perform first aid immediately
D. Here are some tips for first aid
E. It is important to take the correct chest compressions
F. In the center of the chest，fold your two hands together first
G. If a person is in a state similar to sleep，he may need checking for breath
1. ______ 2. ______ 3. ______ 4. ______ 5. ______
Ⅲ.语法填空
（2020山东聊城高二上期中联考）
If you get injured in a sport，what should you do？The best way 1 （deal）with sports injuries is to keep them from happening in the first place. Knowing the rules of the game and using right 2 （equip）can help you avoid injuries. If you’ve got injured，pull 3 （you）out of the game or stop doing your activity. Let your coach or parents know what 4 （happen）in case you need to see a doctor. Serious head and neck injuries happen most often to athletes 5 play sports like football. Keep the injured person still with his or her head 6 （hold）straight while someone calls for medical help. If the person 7 （lie）on the ground，do not try to move him or her.
Your first question after a sports injury will 8 (probable) be, “When can I play again ” This depends on the injury and 9 your doctor tells you. Even if you can’t return to your sport right away, the doctor might have advice on what you can do to stay healthy. Always talk with your doctor 10 trying any activity following an injury.
1. ______ 2. ______ 3. ______ 4. ______ 5. ______
6. ______ 7. ______ 8. ______ 9. ______ 10. ______
参考答案及解析：
I
A
语篇解读:本文是一篇针对烫（烧）伤的急救科普指南，主要介绍了如何辨别烫（烧）伤的程度及如何实施急救。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 First，decide if you can take care of the burn yourself.可知，被烫（烧）伤后，应先检查下受伤处，判断自己能否处理。
2.C 细节理解题。根据3.Lightly cover the burn with a bandage.可知，C选项“在伤口处轻轻地缠上绷带。”是正确的做法。根据2.Run cool rather than cold water over the burr until the pain lessens.可知A选项错误。又根据1.中 But do not remove clothes that are sticking to the skin and don’t break any blister.可知B和D选项错误。
3.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知预防第一，即提前防止可能出现的问题，避免被烫（烧）伤，故选A。
B
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。根据《英国医学杂志》中的一项研究，止痛药在使用初期或用量大时会产生很多副作用，但是如果心脏没有问题，短期内小剂量的使用是有效并且安全的。
4.D 推理判断题。根据第二段第四句 Paracetamol（扑热息痛）has very few unless taken too much.可知D选项正确。
5.C 词义猜测题。根据前后文 Maybe you find that you are in a dilemma now. But don’t despair；you can refer to a pain clinic for some professional guidance.可知，可能你发现你现在处于两难的境地，但是不要丧失信心，你可以向疼痛门诊寻求专业的指导，所以可推知 despair表示“失去希望，丧失信心”，故选C。
6.B 推理判断题。根据第三段第四句 Lack of sleep increased the discomfort，while stimulants（兴奋剂）such as caffeine made them less responsive to pain.可知，实验的结论是缺乏睡眠增加不适感，而像咖啡因这样的兴奋剂能够让老鼠对痛苦的反应减弱。可推断B选项正确。
7.C 主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是止痛药在使用初期或用量大时会产生较多副作用，即使用止痛药是存在风险的，故选C。
Ⅱ.语篇解读：本文是一篇关于如何实施基本的急救措施的科普类文章。
1.D 后文主要讲实施急救的具体做法，第一段为总起段落，所以该句承上启下，讲这有一些关于急救的建议。
2.B 根据上文中 emotional support和下文的 Let the person know that help is on its way and that everything will be all right.可知B选项（记住要保持冷静）是正确的。
3.G 该空设于段首，为主题句。根据后文 listen for the sound of air...feel for air以及 open up his airways可知，这些均为检查呼吸的做法，故选G选项（如果一个人处于类似昏睡的状态，他可能需要被检查一下呼吸）。
4.F 根据前一句 Perform30 chest compressions（心肺复苏）and two rescue breaths as part of CPR可知，该段讲的是如何实施心肺复苏和人工呼吸。又由下文 And then press the chest down about 2 inches at a rate of 100 compressions per minute.可知这里讲的是心肺复苏的步骤，由此可知应选F选项（首先将你的双手叠放在一起，放在（患者的）胸部中间）。
5.A 根据上文 However，if the person suffers from heatstroke （中暑），do not cover him or keep him warm.可知应选A选项（相反，要尽量使他凉爽）。
Ⅲ.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是当有人在运动中受伤时，如何自救或救助他人。
1.to deal 考查非谓语动词。句意：应对运动损伤的最好方法就是在一开始就避免它们的发生。此处用动词不定式作way的后置定语。
2. equipment 考查名词。句意：了解比赛规则和使用正确的设备可以帮助你避免受伤。use为及物动词，后面缺少宾语，故使用名词形式 equipment。
3.yourself 考查反身代词。句意：如果你受伤了，就退出比赛或者停止运动。“pull 3 out of the game”为祈使句，省略了主语you，pull为及物动词，故后面使用反身代词 yourself作宾语。
4.happened/has happened 考查动词的时态。句意：让你的教练或父母知道发生了什么事情，以防你需要看医生。根据句意，应该是知道已经发生了的事情，故使用一般过去时或现在完成时。
5.who/that 查定语从句。句意：严重的头部和颈部损伤最常发生在进行像足球这样的体育运动的运动员身上。设空处引导定语从句，athletes为先行词，指人，从句缺少主语，故使用who或that
6.held 考查非谓语动词。句意：当有人打电话请求医疗救助时，保持伤者不动，头部挺直。主句为祈使句，且已有谓语动词Keep，故此处应填非谓语动词形式，又因hold和 his or her head构成逻辑上的被动关系，故使用过去分词held此处为with的复合结构，held作宾补。
7. is lying 考查动词的时态。句意：如果这个人正躺在地上，不要试图移动他或她。此处If引导条件状语从句，从句缺少谓语，根据句意，此处强调的是这个人正躺在地上时的应对措施，故使用现在进行时 is lying。
8. probably 考查副词。此处指你在运动受伤后的第一个问题很可能是……。修饰系动词be应使用副词，故填 probably。
9.what 考查宾语从句。句意：这取决于你的伤势和医生告你的情况。设空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作tells的直接宾语，意为“告诉你情况”，故填what。
10.before 考查介词。句意：受伤后尝试任何活动之前总是要和你的医生谈谈。根据句意可知应填介词 before。