人教版（2019） 选择性必修第二册 Unit5 First Aid 单元达标测评（含解析）

Unit5 单元达标测评
一、阅读理解
第一节
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum
Our monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don’t need to book. They end around 21 ：00.
November 7 th
The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognised as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “ civil engineers”.
December 5 th
Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering. Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London’s ice trade grew.
February 6th
An Update on the Cotswold Canals，by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.
March 6 th
Eyots and Aits—Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames has many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest.
Online bookings：www. canalmuseum. org. uk/book
More info: www. canalmuseum. org. uk/whatson
London Canal Museum
12 - 13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9R
www. canalmuseum. org. uk www. canalmuseum. mobi Tel：020 7713 0836
1. When is the talk on James Brindley
A. February 6th. B. March 6th.
C. November 7th. D. December 5th.
2. What is the topic of the talk in February
A. The Canal Pioneers.
B. Ice for the Metropolis.
C. Eyots and Aits—Thames Islands.
D. An Update on the Cotswold Canals.
3. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames
A. Miranda Vickers. B. Malcolm Tucker.
C. Chris Lewis. D. Liz Payne.
B
When choosing a gym one should look at some of the things that are important. Some gyms have too many members that attend, and that can cause a problem because no one wants to wait for a machine. Few facilities only offer members to come in during normal business hours ； therefore, several people will not be able to work out as much. A good fitness center has only few members, after-hours access, and equipment that is well-maintained.
First，a good quality fitness center is one that is not overcrowded. If a gym is overcrowded during the time one goes, then it may not be enjoyable. Some people go on their lunch breaks to work out, but if they have to wait around 10 to 15 minutes for a machine, then they wasted their lunch break and time.
Second，a workout center should offer members a key to get in after hours. Considering some people do workout different times throughout the day，it is more suitable for those to be able to go when they are able to fit it into their schedule and not the gyms.
Third, the quality of the equipment is most important. No one wants to work out on the machines if they have not been taken care of. If someone gets on a machine and it starts making a lot of noise, then that would be distracting to the other members.
In fact，there are a lot of different kinds of fitness centers in America. People have to decide what they prefer to the others. For me it is important that a gym I attend doesn’t have a whole lot of members because Fm an impatient person. In addition, it is imperative that the owners keep up with routine maintenance on their equipment because I don’t want to be hurt while working out.
4. What can we learn by reading the passage
A. What to consider when choosing a gym.
B. What gym to be considered as the best quality.
C. What to do with the existing gyms.
D. What to take with you when going to a gym.
5. If too many people are keen on the same gym__________.
A. it shows the gym has the best teachers and equipment
B. it means they will waste much time in the gym
C. it implies they can make more friends there
D. it indicates they can work out in a full way
6. The example of some people who go to a gym during their lunch breaks is used to show that__________.
A. an overcrowded gym is great
B. an overcrowded gym can waste much time
C. some people only have spare time during their lunch breaks
D. some people like to work out during their lunch breaks
7. If you are an owner of a gym__________.
A. you must work around the clock
B. you can take on more employees
C. you can give each member a key
D. you must carry out a detailed plan
C
Painkillers (止痛药）are turning out to be a real pain, according to a new study in the British Medical Journal. Taking them for just a week can increase your risk of a heart attack by 50% . The research suggested that the risk related to the use of certain drugs was greatest with higher doses (剂量）and during the first month of use. The potential risk may increase by 75% for medicines like ibuprofen(布洛芬）and naproxen(蔡普生）， and more than 100% for rofecoxib(罗非昔布).
It all sounds bad but your risk is very low—one in a million. A 100% increase means you still only have a two-in-a-million chance. Of course, all painkilling medications that work can have side effects—nothing is safe and effective. Paracetamol (扑热息痛）has very few unless taken too much, in which case it can cause serious liver danger, but it isn’t very effective. Drugs like opiates are strong painkillers but easy to be addicted to and often have other bad effects. Maybe you find that you are in a dilemma now. But don’t despair; you can refer to a pain clinic for some professional guidance. For ongoing pain，music and exercise may be the best choices to help you reduce the feeling of it.
Scientists at Harvard have recently done a quite horrible study on mice. They made the mice experience extremes of hot and cold, applied pressure to their back legs and injected the capsaicin(辣椒素）into their feet. And then they timed how long it took them to respond to the pain. Lack of sleep increased the discomfort, while stimulants (兴奋剂）such as caffeine made them less responsive to pain. It has been widely reported that a good night’s sleep and a cup of coffee in the morning may help reduce pain. But anyway, don’t throw the pills away because the study also shows taking small doses of drugs in short periods of time can be effective and safe as long as your heart is in good condition.
8. Which of the following painkillers has fewest side effects
A. Ibuprofen. B. Naproxen.
C. Rofecoxib. D. Paracetamol.
9. What does the underlined word “despair” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. Take it seriously.
B. Take any risk.
C. Lose hope.
D. Feel doubtful.
10. The example of mice is used to show that__________.
A. mice can stand extreme pressure
B. good sleep and coffee may decrease pain
C. legs and feet are more sensitive to pain
D. capsaicin and stimulants can help reduce pain
11. What is the text mainly about
A. How to stop taking painkillers.
B. A new way of reducing pain.
C. The risk of taking painkillers.
D. How to avoid painkillers’ side effects.
D
As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese，Spanish, and Arabic, other languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6,000 -7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization( UNESCO).
In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations—UNESCO and National Geographic among them—have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.
Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Center, Yale University, who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas, is following in that tradition. His recently published book, A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture，grows out of his experience living, working, and raising a family in a village in Nepal.
Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India，Nepal, Bhutan, and China. But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.
At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials—including photographs，films, tape recordings, and field notes—which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.
Now，through the two organizations that he has founded—the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project—Turin has started a campaign to make such documents， found in libraries and stores around the world, available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected. Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet, Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.
12. Many scholars are making efforts to__________.
A. promote global languages
B. rescue disappearing languages
C. search for language communities
D. set up language research organizations
13. What does the phrase “that tradition” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. Having full records of the languages.
B. Writing books on language teaching.
C. Telling stories about language users.
D. Living with the native speakers.
14. What is Turin’s book based on
A. The cultural studies in India.
B. The documents available at Yale.
C. His language research in Bhutan.
D. His personal experience in Nepal.
15. Which of the following best describes Turin’s work
A. Write, sell and donate.
B. Record，repair and reward.
C. Collect, protect and reconnect.
D. Design, experiment and report.
第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Do Basic First Aid Basic first aid refers to a temporary form of help given to someone who has been injured or has got sick due to choking, a heart attack, drugs or other medical emergencies. 16. _________.
Care for the person who has just gone through serious damage, including both physical treatment and emotional support. 17. _________. Let the person know that help is on its way and that everything will be all right. And you can ask about his name, and then about his interests if he knows what has happened.
18. _________. You’d better listen for the sound of air coming in and out, and feel for air using the side of your face. If there are no signs of breathing, place two fingers under the chin (下巴）and gently guide the face upwards to open up his airway.
Perform 30 chest compressions（心肺复苏)and two rescue breaths as part of CPR. 19. _________. And then press the chest down about 2 inches at a rate of 100 compressions per minute. After 30 compressions, give two rescue breaths, done by opening the airway, closing the nose and fully covering the mouth hole. Make sure the person is warm as you wait for medical help. Remove some of your own clothes, such as your coat or jacket, and use it as a cover until medical help arrives. However，if the person suffers from heatstroke (中暑），do not cover him or keep him warm. 20. _________.
A. Instead, try to cool him
B. Remember to stay calm
C. Perform first aid immediately
D. Here are some tips for first aid
E. It is important to take the correct chest compressions
F. In the center of the chest, fold your two hands together first
G. If a person is in a state similar to sleep, he may need checking for breath
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
A student at Hellesdon High School in England has been called “ Rubbish Girl ” for her environmentally-friendly ways. 21 ，that has not stopped her from cleaning up the environment.
Using the basket on her bicycle, 12-year-old Nadia has been 22 rubbish along her two-mile route to and from school since September of last year. 23 her good intentions，some of the kids at Nadia’s school have nicknamed(给. . . . . . 起缚号）her “Rubbish Girl” and have bullied her for her selfless efforts to help the 24 But instead of letting them bring her down, she’s using their negativity as motivation (动力）.
“I’m not going to 25 doing the right thing because of them，” she said. “ I’m doing something to 26 the earth which they also live on. It’s everyone’s job. We are all 27 for keeping the earth clean, instead of believing it，s always someone else’s job. ”
Nadia’s mum, Paula, said she is 28 proud of Nadia for not only standing up to her bullies, but also standing up for what she believes in. “I told her she had two 29 —she could either stop collecting rubbish, stop attracting their 30 so that they would leave her alone，or she could face the challenge， be the ‘rubbish girl’ and keep her 31. ”
As a result of the local media attention，Nadia has created a Facebook group named “Team Rubbish Girl”，where she shares updates on her green efforts. Positive 32 have poured in, all in 33 of Nadia, encouraging her to carry on with the green efforts.
“Sweetheart，you are a star that 34 really bright above the rest. Hold your head high and never let others 35 you. You are doing something selfless and amazing. Shame on the bullies.”wrote one of the local citizens on her Facebook page.
21. A. Therefore B. However
C. Besides D. Meanwhile
22. A. picking up B. taking off
C. giving away D. leaving behind
23. A. Despite B. Without C. Due to D. Thanks to
24. A. disabled B. homeless C. planet D. business
25. A. start B. enjoy C. practice D. stop
26. A. discover B. protect
C. repair D. understand
27. A. responsible B. ready
C. grateful D. available
28. A. hardly B. generally C. barely D. extremely
29. A. goals B. choices C. problems D. friends
30. A. strength B. conclusion C. attention D. energy
31. A. balance B. promise C. number D. faith
32. A. effects B. results
C. comments D. experiences
33. A. charge B. honour C. search D. support
34. A. shines B. falls C. bums D. compares
35. A. praise B. discourage C. improve D. welcome
第二节（共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内 单词的正确形式。
First aid is of importance in our life. There is no doubt 36. ___________it is necessary to know some knowledge of first aid as dangers lie everywhere and accidents happen from time to time. If a person has an accident, he needs first aid before a doctor can 37. __________ ( find).
But in the process of first aid, whether the injured will be properly treated 38. __________ ( depend ) on your knowledge of first aid. In spite of 39. __________ (various) of possible injuries, several rules of first aid apply 40. __________ all emergencies. The first step is 41. __________ (call) for expert medical help. Next, assess the scene, asking other people or the injured person’s family or friends about 42. __________ (detail) of the injury or illness. Besides, 43. __________the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.
One method for assessing a victim’s condition is to know the acronym(首字母缩写词）ABC，which stands 44. __________：
A—Airway : Is it open and clear
B—Breathing: Is the person breathing Look, listen, and feel for breathing.
C—Circulation : Is there a pulse Is the person bleeding 45. __________ (heavy) Check skin colour and temperature for additional signs of circulation problems.
第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假如你是李华，你的美国朋友汤姆(Tom)要来中国学习汉语，请你用英语给他发一封电子邮件介绍中国的风俗习惯。主要内容包括：
1. 见面通常怎么打招呼；
2. 被别人表扬了该怎么回应；
3. 收到别人的礼物后不当面打开。
注意:1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
I’m glad to hear that you，re coming to China to learn Chinese. I’d like to tell you something about Chinese customs.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours, Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Excited screams of joy, the sounds of two happy little girls playing in the sand, rang across the beach. But I walked along, barely aware of it. I’d come to this remote beach on my sailboat, a place to escape. My wife and I had recently separated. Our marriage was in trouble. I worried about my two boys, just six and eight. It seemed like forever since I’d heard them laugh. But I didn’t know what to do to make things better.
“Help! Help!” the girls shouted. I’d meant to tell them to stay away from the dangerous water. Now one of them was in the ocean, beyond the surf line. I could just hear her screams over the waves. Any second now she，d be swept away. I ran across the sand as fast as I could. The other girl was at the edge of the surf line，yelling.
“Wait! Stop! Don，t go any farther!” I charged into the waves and was reaching for her when a wall of water dashed over us. For half a second I saw her disappear under another big wave. Fm a strong swimmer, but I could feel the wave pulling me hard. I swam to her and seized her. Her little body was shaking and trembling. But where is the other girl I saw a waving arm. A head broke the surface，not far away. The arms of the girl I’d rescued were wrapped desperately around my neck. She was breathing with sobs. “Let go of my neck. I need you on my back. Hold my shoulders so I can swim to your friend. ”
She loosed her hands and I shifted her to my back. “She’s my sister, Sarah, and I am Lillian,” she said. For a moment I thought of my boys. How much they loved each other. How much I loved them.
I looked across the water and saw a small head after a big wave. I quickened my swimming, fighting for each breath. Tiny arms pressed against my shoulder. I reached out and held the second little girl. She was in total tiredness, taking deep breaths, crying quietly.
注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1
I swam hard with the two girls and looked towards the shore，but I couldn’t see anyone.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
“Mommy! ” The loud cry wakened my consciousness.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
第一部分阅读
第一节
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了伦敦运河博物馆在11月、12月、2月和3月推出的四场专题讲座的具体时间、主要内容、主讲人等情况。
1. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一个小标题November 7th下面的前两句及最后一句可知，詹姆斯. 布林德利的讲座时间是11月7日。
2. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三个小标题February 6th下面的第一句可知，2月份的讲座的主题是“An Update on the Cotswold Canals”。
3. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四个小标题March 6th下面的第一句可知，由米兰达 维克斯主讲的这场讲座的内容是关于泰晤士河中的岛屿。
B
【语篇导读】越来越多的人喜欢到健身房去锻炼，如何选择一家适合自己的健身房，这对经常锻炼的人来说是至关重要的。作者就健身房的选择给出了意见。
4. A【解析】推理判断题。本文第二至第四段的内容介绍了如何选择一家适合自己的健身房。故选A项。
5. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Some gyms have too many members that attend, and that can cause a problem because no one wants to wait for a machine. ”可知，如果一家健身房有很多会员，在等待使用的健身机器时，人们会浪费时间。故选B项。
6. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“ a good quality fitness center is one that is not overcrowded”可知，作者不主张去那些人很多的健身房。他以那些利用中午休息时间去健身的人为例，说明这样的健身房会浪费太多的时间。故选B项。
7. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“a workout center should offer members a key to get in after hours”可知，在下班之后健身房可以给会员提供一把钥匙，以便让他们在方便的时间进行锻炼。故选C项。
C
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。根据《英国医学杂志》中的一项研究，止痛药在使用初期或用量大时会产生很多副作用，但是如果心脏没有间题，短期内小剂量的使用是有效并且安全的。
8. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“ Paracetamol has very few unless taken too much . . . ”可知扑热息痛的副作用是这四种止痛 药里面最小的，故D项正确。
9. C 【解析】词义猜测题。根据両线词所在的前后句 “Maybe you find that you are in a dilemma now. But don’t despair； you can refer to a pain clinic for some professional guidance. ” 可知，可能你发现自己现在处于两难的境地,但是不要丧失信心，你可以向疼痛门诊寻求专业的指导，由此可推知despair意为“绝望”，故C项正确。
10. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第四句“Lack of sleep increased the discomfort, while stimulants such as caffeine made them less responsive to pain. ”可知，实验的结论是缺乏睡眠会增加不适感，而像咖啡因这样的兴奋剂能够让老鼠对痛苦的反应减弱。由此推断B项正确。
11. C【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是止痛药在使用初期或用量大时会产生很多副作用，即使用止痛药是存在风险的，故C项正确。
D
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。世界上很多语言正在慢慢消失，为了拯救那些使用人数少的语言，很多学者展开了拯救工作。本文介绍了一位正在为之奋斗的学者，他到底为此做了些什么呢？
12. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，很多学者正在记录这些即将消失的语言和文化，以防止这些语言和文化永远地消失，他们在挽救这些文化,所以答案为B项。
13. A【解析】代词指代题。根据第二段中的documenting dying languages可以推断出马克 都灵也加人到了拯救正在消失的语言的行列中,他想把这些语言全部记录下来，所以答案为A项。
14. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“…grows out of his experience living, working, and raising a family in a village in Nepal. ”可知，马克 都灵的这本书是以自己在尼泊尔一个村庄 的生活经历为基础写出来的，所以答案为D项。
15. C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“film whom the materials were originally collected ” 和 “ the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities” 可知马克 都灵 的工作是搜集、保护该语言并将其重新与使用该语言的群体建立连接，所以答案为C项。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇科普类文章，介绍了如何实施基本的急救措施。
16. D 【解析】下文主要讲实施急救的具体做法,第一段为总起段落， 所以空处应承上启下，D项（这里有一些关于急救的建议）引出下文，故选D项。
17. B 【解析】根据上文中的emotional support和下文中的“ Let the person know that help is on its way and that everything will be all right. ”可知B项（记住要保持冷静)符合语境，故选B项。
18. G 【解析】该空设于段首,为该段的主题句。根据下文中的“listen for the sound of air . . . feel for air …”以及 open up his airway 可知， 这些均为检查呼吸的做法，G项（如果一个人处于类似昏睡的状态，可能需要检查一下他的呼吸）符合语境，故选G项。
19. F 【解析】 根据空前一句“Perform 30 chest compressions and two rescue breaths as part of CPR. ”可知，该段讲的是如何实施心肺复 苏和人工呼吸。又根据下文中的“And then press the chest down about 2 inches at a rate of 100 compressions per minute. ”可知这里讲 的是心肺复苏的步骤，由此可知F项（首先，将你的双手叠在一起，放在患者的胸部中间）符合语境，故选F项。
20. A【解析】 根据上文中的“ However，if the person suffers from heatstroke，do not cover him or keep him warm. ”可知 A 项（相反，要试着给他降温）符合语境，故选A项。
第二部分语言运用
第一节
【语篇导读】本文讲述12岁的女孩纳迪娅在上学和放学的路上捡垃圾，被同学们嘲笑并被称为“垃圾女孩”，但她并不放弃，在母亲和其他人的鼓励之下，她继续自已的环保行为。
21. B 【解析】空前一句“A student at Hellesdon High School in England has been called ‘Rubbish Girl’ for her environmentally-friendly ways. ”与空后的“that has not stopped her from cleaning up the environment”在语意上是转折关系。故选B项。
22. A 【解析】根据第一段最后一句“ . . . cleaning up the environment. " 可知她热爱环保，经常捡垃圾。pick up意为“捡起”。故选A项。
23. A 【解析】句意:尽管她是出于好心,纳迪娅学校的一些孩子却给 她起了个“垃圾女孩”的绰号……根据句意可知上下文之间是转 折关系，despite意为“尽管”，故选A项。
24. C【解析】根据上文可知纳迪娅热爱环保,保护环境就是保护我 们所生活的这个星球。故选C项。
25. D 【解析】 根据第二段最后一句 “But instead of letting them bring her down, she's using their negativity as motivation. ”可知她把另人对她的否定当成继续努力的动力，她不会停止做正确的事情，而是继续做保护地球的事情。故选D项。
26. B【解析】句意:我正在做一些事情保护地球，而他们也居住在这个地球上。女孩做的事情正是保护我们的地球。故选B项。
27. A【解析】根据第三段中的“It’s everyone's job. ”可知我们都有责 任让地球干净,而不能认为这是别人的工作。be responsible for . . . 意为“对……负责”，故选A项。
28. D【解析】根据句意可知纳迪娅的母亲对女儿的行为感到极其自豪。此处用extremely程度。故选D项。
29. B【解析】根据空后的 “she could either stop collecting rubbish . . . ” 以及“or she could face the challenge . . . ”可知母亲告诉她，她有两种选择。故选B项。
30. C【解析】根据空后的 “so that they would leave her alone”可知前面应该是说不再引起别人的注意，也就不会有人再欺凌她了。 选C项。
31. D【解析】根据句意可知,她的第二种选择是继续保护环境，坚持自己的信念。faith意为“信念”，符合语境。故选D项。
32. C【解析】根据句意以及最后一段中引用一名网友的评论内容可知,在脸书小组里涌入了很多积极的评论，都在鼓励纳迪娅继续 坚持自己的环保行为。故选C项。
33. D【解析】根据空后的 “encouraging her to carry on with the green efforts”可知这些评论都鼓励她继续坚持自己的环保行为，也就是说这些评论都是支持她的。in support为固定短语,意为“支持”， 故选D项。
34. A【解析】根据空前的a star和空后的bright可知本空应该为 shines,把纳迪娅比喻成闪亮的星星。故选A项。
35. B 【解析】句意：昂首挺胸，不要让别人阻碍你。discourage意为 “阻拦;使灰心”。故选B项。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了了解急救知识的重要性及几条常见的急救注意事项。
36. that【解析】 there is no doubt that . . . 为固定句型，意为“毫无疑问……”。故填that。
37. be found【解析】主语a doctor与find之间是被动关系，且情态动词can后面接动词原形。故填be found。
38. depends 【解析】“whether the injured will be properly treated” 是主语从句,所以谓语动词用单数形式，根据文章时态可知应用一般 现在时。故填depends。
39. varieties【解析】varieties of为固定搭配，意为“各种各样的”。故填 varieties。
40. to【解析】句意：……急救的几条规则适用于所有紧急情况。apply to为固定搭配，意为 “适用于. . . . . . ”。故填to。
41. to call【解析】设空处作表语，且为具体的一次性的动作，应用不定式。故填to call。
42. details【解析】 detail是可数名词，此处指“很多细节”，所以应用 复数形式。故填details。
43. unless【解析】句意:另外，除非事故现场不安全，或者受伤者可能 会受到二次伤害，否则不要移动伤者。根据句意可知填unless。
44. for【解析】 stand for为固定短语，意为“代表”。故填for。
45. heavily【解析】设空处修饰动词应用副词。故填heavily。
第三部分写作
One possible version：
Dear Tom,
I’m glad to hear that you re coming to China to learn Chinese. I’d like to tell you something about Chinese customs.
First, when we meet each other, we usually greet by asking such questions “Where are you going ” or even “Are you busy ”，which may not be proper in your country. Second, when praised, we reply with the words “Oh，no!” or “I’m overpraised. ” to show good manners. However, in western countries, people are supposed to say “Thank you! ” Third, when we receive a gift, we say “It’s unnecessary. ” instead of “Thanks. ” to show politeness and we shouldn’t open the gift immediately to the giver’s face. I hope you’ll enjoy your stay here.
Wish you a good journey!
Yours, Li Hua
第二节
One possible version：
Paragraph 1
I swam hard with the two girls and looked towards the shore，but I couldn’t see anyone. We were too far away from the beach. I was close to total tiredness. But there was no time to wait. I decided to swim on my stomach. I told Lillian to circle her arms around my shoulder and asked Sarah to hold her sister’s arms with both hands. I swam as hard as I could. When I took one last look at the beach, in my mind I saw my wife and children. I could feel their love, and from behind me I felt an incredible force lifting.
Paragraph 2
“Mommy!” The loud cry wakened my consciousness. I looked up. A man was trying to drag me out of the water. A woman cried, “Thank you. You saved my daughters. ” I tried to comprehend what had happened. My efforts and strength had paid off. I thought of that giant wave, lifting and pushing me. I was given the strength I needed. My family were waiting for me. I just needed the strength to make an effort.