人教版（2019） 选择性必修第三册 Unit1 Art 单元测试（含解析）
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Unit1 单元测试
一、阅读理解
第一节
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The following 4 famous paintings—from Jan van Eyck’s portrait to Pablo Picasso’s masterpiece—have stood the test of time.
The Arnolfini Portrait
The Arnolfini Portrait of Jan van Eyck, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her，is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery, London. This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is also an informative document on fifteenth-century society, through van Eyck’s heavy use of symbolism—while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties.
The Starry Night
Vincent Willem van Gogh painted The Starry Night, an oil on canvas (帆布), a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital near Saint-Remy-de-Provence, France between 1889 and 1890.When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of van Gogh’s most famous works.
The Harvesters
The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which most commonly emerged within the months of August and September. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector from Antwerp, commissioned this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919.
Guernica
Guernica, a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title “Guernica” refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an anti-war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia in Madrid.
1. Which of the following paintings was produced earliest
A. Guernica.
B. The Harvesters.
C. The Starry Night.
D. The Arnolfini Portrait.
2. Who created the painting describing the harvest season
A. Pieter Bruegel the Elder.
B. Vincent Willem van Gogh.
C. Jan van Eyck.
D. Pablo Picasso.
3. What do we know about the painting The Starry Night
A. It was painted on wood in oils.
B. It described the painter’s life in hospital.
C. It wasn’t widely recognised before 1941.
D. It was given away to the Museum of Modern Art in New York City by a collector.
B
Many of you may have used Siri, a voice assistant of US tech company Apple. You only have to say “hey Siri” and it will answer to your command. However, we may be sacrificing (牺牲) our privacy to enjoy this convenience.
According to a recent report by The Guardian, Siri can be accidentally triggered and start recording private conversations, such as discussions between doctors and patients. Some of these recordings are then given to workers outside the company to review.
Apple claimed the data was used to help Siri improve, but users were not informed of this measure in the first place.
Apple’s Siri is not the only voice assistant to come under fire.
In 2018, Alexa, a voice assistant developed by US tech company Amazon, recorded a private conversation between a couple and sent it to a stranger without their permission.
These issues deepened concerns that tech companies are infringing users’ rights of privacy.
Many people have long feared that tech companies are listening and collecting data from private conversations, reported Forbes. Using this data, third party companies could then paint an accurate picture of users’ habits and preferences in order to serve them more targeted advertisements, or even worse, sell this private data.
Despite this risk, the popularity of voice assistant seems to be unstoppable.
“In the near future, everything from your lighting to your air conditioner to your refrigerator, your coffee maker, and even your toilet could be wired to a system controlled by voice,” commented The Atlantic.
Colin Horgan wrote on the blog site Medium that he believed people’s daily lives would soon become a source of data.
“The sounds of our homes, the symphony of life—laughing, crying, talking, shouting, sitting in silence—will no longer be considered memories, but data, he wrote.
To deal with the issue, Blake Morgan, a reporter for The Atlantic, believed that the answer is transparency.
“All companies need to have messaging ready to explain to customers what they do with private data,” she wrote on The Atlantic.
4. What does the underlined sentence mean
A. There are other fire-proof voice assistants.
B. Other voice assistants are also being developed.
C. There are other voice assistants being criticised.
D. Other voice assistants also need improvements.
5. What seems to be people’s biggest concern about voice assistants
A. Invading their privacy.
B. Sending their messages.
C. Making no improvements.
D. Serving them targeted advertisements.
6. What should companies do to solve the problem，according to Blake Morgan
A. To stop collecting data through voice assistants.
B. To explain their use of the data to customers.
C. To make their data more transparent.
D. To slow down the pace of technology advancement.
7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To show visions of a data world in the future.
B. To inform people of what tech companies are really up to.
C. To draw attention to the privacy issue voice assistants bring about.
D. To criticise companies’ invading customers’ privacy by collecting data.
C
Art researchers have found a hidden painting of a man under one of Pablo Picasso’s masterpieces, The Blue Room. By using infrared (红外线的) imagery they discovered that the hidden man under the painting was a man with his face resting on his hand. Now the question that scientists at The Phillips Collection hope to answer is simple. Who is he
The finding of the hidden man in The Blue Room leads to new research about the 1901 painting, which was created by Picasso in Paris at the start of his blue period of unhappiness. Researchers discovered that the hidden man was painted in a reworked composition by Picasso. They are sure that it is not a self-portrait. They think it might be the Paris art dealer Ambrose Villard who hosted Picasso’s first show in 1901, but there’s no record or evidence to prove this, so the research continues.
Hidden pictures have been found under Picasso’s other important paintings, such as La Vie and Woman Ironing. A technical analysis of La Vie at the Cleveland Museum of Art also found that Picasso reworked the painting’s composition. And scientists found a portrait of a man under Picasso’s painting Woman Ironing at the Guggenheim Museum in Manhattan.
Dorothy Kosinski, director of The Phillips Collection, said more new knowledge about Picasso’s paintings can be discovered through high-tech cooperation among museums. “Our audience are curious about the high-tech research because it can help them know more about the paintings. It’s giving them a doorway to make them understand Picasso’s paintings more,” she said. “The more we can understand, the greater our appreciation of the paintings will be.”
8. What do researchers agree according to Paragraph 1
A. A man is hiding behind The Blue Room.
B. A painting of a man is hidden under The Blue Room.
C. The Blue Room is Pablo Picasso’s favourite masterpiece.
D. A man is taking a rest in The Blue Room of Pablo Picasso.
9. What can we know about the hidden man in The Blue Room
A. He first showed up in 1901.
B. He is Ambrose Villard from Paris.
C. Nobody knows for sure who he is.
D. He was not painted by Pablo Picasso.
10. What’s the similarity among The Blue Room, La Vie and Woman Ironing
A. They are painted by Dorothy Kosinski.
B. They have a hidden picture under them.
C. They are exhibited at the same museum.
D. They have a hidden self-portrait in them.
11. What can we know from the last paragraph
A. The research on Picasso’s works can add mystery to him.
B. The audience are curious about the doorway of the museums.
C. More people will be crazy about researching Picasso’s life.
D. The high-tech research can help people know more about Picasso’s paintings.
D
People have grown taller over the last century, with Korean women shooting up by more than 20 cm on average, and Iranian men gaining 16.5 cm. A global study looked at the average height of 18-year-olds in 200 countries between 1914 and 2014.
The results reveal that while Swedes were the tallest people in the world in 1914, Dutch men have risen from 12th place to claim top spot with an average height of 182.5 cm. Latvian women, meanwhile, rose from 28th place in 1914 to become the tallest in the world a century later, with an average height of 169.8 cm.
James Bentham, a co-author of the research from Imperial College London, said the global trend was likely to be primarily due to improvements in nutrition and health care. “Individuals’ genes have a big influence on their height, but once you average over whole populations, genes play a less key role,” he added.
“A little extra height brings a number of advantages,” said Elio Riboli of Imperial College London. “Being taller is associated with longer life expectancy,” he said. “This is largely due to a lower risk of dying of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease among taller people.”
“But while height has increased around the world, the trend in many countries of North and sub-Saharan Africa causes concern,” said Riboli. While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century, the trend has reversed in recent years, with height decreasing among 18-year-olds.
“One reason for these decreases in height is the economic situation in the 1980s,” said Alexander Moradi of the University of Sussex. The nutritional and health crises that followed the policy of structural adjustment led to many children and teenagers failing to reach their full potential in terms of height.
Bentham believes the global trend of increasing height has important implications. “How tall we are now is strongly influenced by the environment we grew up in,” he said. “If we give children the best possible start in life now, they will be healthier and more productive for decades to come.”
12. What does the global study tell us about people’s height over the last century
A. There is a remarkable difference across continents.
B. There has been a marked increase in most countries.
C. The increase in people’s height has been quickening.
D. The increase in women’s height is bigger than in men’s.
13. What did James Bentham say about genes in the increase of people’s height
A. They count less than generally thought.
B. They outweigh nutrition and health care.
C. They impact more on an individual than on a population.
D. They play a more significant role in females than in males.
14. What do we learn about 18-year-olds in Uganda and Niger
A. They grow up slower than their peers in other countries.
B. They are actually shorter than their earlier generations.
C. They find it hard to bring their potential into full play.
D. They have experienced many changes of government.
15.What does James Bentham suggest we do
A. Watch closely the global trend in children’s development.
B. Make sure that our children grow up to their full height.
C. Try every possible means to improve our environment.
D. Ensure our children grow up in an ideal environment.
第二节
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Leonardo da Vinci and Nature
In the modern world，art and science are two very separate activities，but in Da Vinci’s time they were closely connected. Science meant mathematics and medical studies. 16. ________ Mathematics included practical work like surveying land for making maps as well as measuring the movements of the stars in the sky. An artist might need to measure the different parts of the body. He could also use mathematics to place things in relationship to each other in a drawing or painting so the scene looked correct. 17. ________
Mathematics was also connected to music because musical sounds have a fixed relationship with each other that can be described in numbers. 18. ________ More than this, though, Da Vinci believed that numbers were a part of all things in the world, including music, and he said that without them nothing could be done.
“Nature has kindly given us things everywhere to copy,” wrote Da Vinci. In all his activities, Da Vinci was trying to discover the rules that control nature. In his search for those rules, he looked very carefully at a lot of examples and details. Actual experience was more important to him than opinion，and he worked from facts to ideas. 19. ________ His purpose was to examine the world so he could copy it in beautiful paintings and sculptures. He also wanted to learn from the clever solutions of nature.
20. ________ His quick little sketches (素描), often done while wandering outside，helped him to catch a movement or a shape. More careful drawings would be done at a desk with open and ruler. In July 2001, a small drawing by Da Vinci was sold for $12 million. It was the most expensive drawing in the world.
A. Da Vinci was always drawing.
B. How could these be connected with art
C. Da Vinci’s ideas were vastly ahead of his time.
D. Mathematicians and doctors worked to discover the unknown.
E. Above all, Da Vinci wanted to understand how and why things worked.
F. You will see a good example of such positioning in the painting The Last Supper.
G. Da Vinci himself was a very good musician and liked to play an instrument and sing.
二、完形填空
第一节
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
June is always a sad time for Senior 3 students. After taking the big test, they leave to 21 their dreams in different ways. It’s a hard time when students have to say goodbye to carefree high school days and close friends.
People always say that teenage friendships are the most precious. Kids are too young to understand 22 f friendship while adults 23 to relate it to fame and wealth. Things are
24 with best high school friends. We share each other’s 25. We discuss news from all walks of life and begin to 26 our values. We support each other on the journey to the biggest 27 in our lives. We also 28 success and failure. The seeds of friendship become deeply rooted.
Many of us don’t realise this 29 we enter society. One of my friends, Yang Ping, experienced how strong the bond (联系) with high school friends can be. “It was my high school friend who helped me 30 the darkest days in my life,” said the 27-year-old girl.
In 2001 Yang lost her job in Beijing. Yang’s best friend was staying in a college dormitory and took her in. Each night the two girls squeezed (挤) into a narrow single bed, chatting and crying. “I’ll never forget her care and encouragement, which supported me out of the darkness,” said Yang.
I still remember my last days in Senior 3. At the time, I 31 a 20-page message with my best friend, both of us hoping to keep the friendship 32 forever.
But we didn’t realise we were already deep in each other’s 33. During the past 10 years, whenever I needed help or wanted to pour out my 34, she had always been there at the other end of a telephone line.
It is true that friends come and go. But never forget the ones who have been there for you. Take a closer look at those now around you; they could be the most precious treasure you discover in your entire 35.
21. A. realise B. create C. perform D. finish
22. A. honest B. correct C. daily D. real
23. A. attempt B. tend C. plan D. manage
24. A. similar B. same C. alike D. different
25. A. wealth B. money C. secrets D. housework
26. A. weigh B. make C. measure D. shape
27. A. challenge B. trouble C. question D. problem
28. A. face B. share C. expect D. stand
29. A. unless B. after C. until D. but
30. A. break through B. pull through C. get through D. look through
31. A. changed B. exchanged C. turned D. discussed
32. A. running B. going C. advancing D. marching
33. A. head B. spirit C. brain D. heart
34. A. unhappiness B. happiness C. disaster D. joy
35. A. period B. life C. work D. study
第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Suzhou is a cultural and historic city in China’s Jiangsu Province. It is famous around the world for its classical gardens, nine of which 36. ________ (add) to the World Heritage Site since 1997.They were first laid out as far back as the 6th century BCE and reached 37. ________ (they) top during the period from the 16th century to the 18th century. Records show that there were over2O0 gardens during their heyday (全盛时) The gardens reflect the 38. ________ (important) of natural beauty in Chinese culture.
39. ________ dozen of classical gardens are still in good condition today，including the Humble Administrator’s Garden, which 40. ________ (have) an area of some 51, 950 square metres. No other gardens of Suzhou are 41. ________ (large) than it. It was originally the residence (住所) 42. ________ Lu Guimeng, a poet of the Tang Dynasty，lived. It is divided 43. ________ the eastern, central, western and residential parts. The garden is considered to be “the mother of all Chinese gardens”
The gardens of Suzhou are 44. ________ (especial) elegant and a feast for the senses, 45. ________ (combine) both tourist attractions and residential houses. They also add a distinct human touch to the natural delights of the gardens themselves.
三、写作
第一节
假如你是李华，你们学校要举行第一届校园艺术节，请你以组织者的身份给你的好朋友约翰（John）写一封邮件，邀请他来参加你们的艺术节。要点如下：
时间：2021年9月18日—9月20日；
目的：丰富同学们的生活，展示自我，放松心情；
内容：艺术品展览，歌舞表演等。
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The first thing Eileen Korey noticed when she got into the car that Wednesday afternoon in early May was a small diamond ring in the tray (托盘) between the front seats. It hadn’t been there before. Weeks earlier, she had taken the car in to have the airbag replaced. The car belonged to her daughter and son-in-law and she was helping them out. Now she was picking it up. That was when she saw the ring. Korey, 64, of Lake Oswego quickly contacted her daughter and son-in-law to ask if they were missing a diamond ring or if any of their friends had reported losing a ring. They both wrote back, saying they had no idea what she was talking about.
Korey took the ring to the service desk at the garage to ask if any women technicians might have left a ring in the car while they were working on it. The woman behind the counter said only men worked on the cars.
Korey asked if the desk clerk could get information from the guy who had replaced the airbag. Over a two-way radio (对讲机), Helbt said he’d placed the ring in the tray when it dropped to the car’s floor after he opened up the steering column to replace the airbag. He was not sure how it got there.
She knew a friend who was a jeweler and stopped by to have her look at the ring to see if it was real. Her friend said the diamond, set in a white gold hand, was worth $1, 200 and Korey could easily sell it for $500.But she wouldn’t sell it. After making sure the ring didn’t belong to anyone in her family-or anyone at the auto shop, Korey tracked down the first owners of the car using paperwork she found in the glove box. Her detective work led her to a dealership in Beaverton, and the car’s first owners: Daniel and Ashleigh Hannah. The Hannahs had purchased the small ring when they got engaged and were saving money to buy a house.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1
One Sunday afternoon, they were driving to an event in their car but had to stop at the bank and use the ATM machine.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
The couple searched the parking lot and the car for hours. Nothing. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
第一部分阅读
第一节
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四幅名画一从扬凡·艾克的肖像画到巴勃罗·毕加索的杰作。它们都经受住了时间的考验。
1. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的The Arnolfini Portrait of Jan van Eyck, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434以及其他几幅画的创作时间可知，《阿尔诺芬尼夫妇像》是最早创作的画。故选D。
2. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which most commonly emerged within the months of August and September…可知，老彼得·勃鲁盖尔（Pieter Bruegel the Elder）创作了这幅描绘丰收季节的画。故选A。
3. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of van Gogh’s most famous works.可知，《星月夜》在1941年之前没有得到广泛认可。故选C。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。语音助手会在用户不知情的情况下记录私人对话，从而导致用户的隐私被侵犯。对此，不同人士发衣了自已的看法。
4. C 【解析】句意猜测题。根据第五段中的In2018, Alexa, a voice assistant developed by US tech company Amazon, recorded a private conversation between a couple and sent it to a stranger without their permission.可知，2018年，美国科技公司亚马逊（Amazon）开发的语音助手Alexa录下了一对夫妇之间的私人对话，并在未经允许的情况下将对话发送给了一名陌生人。因此画线句子意思为“除了苹果公司的语音助手Siri外，还有其他语音助手受到批评。”故选C。
5. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第六段中的These issues deepened concerns that tech companies are infringing users’ rights of privacy. 知，侵犯隐私是人们对语音助手最大的担忧。故选A。
6. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 “All companies need to have messaging ready to explain to customers what they do with private data,” she wrote on The Atlantic.可知，布莱克·摩根表示，科技公司应该向客户解释它们用这些数据干什么。故选B。
7. C 【解析】引写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要阐述了语音助手带来的隐私问题，由此可推知，本文的目的是引起大家对于语音助手带来的隐私问题的关注。故选C。
C
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，研究人员运用红外成像（技术）发现毕加索的作品中有隐藏的画。
8. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的Art researchers have found a hidden painting of a man under one of Pablo Picasso’s masterpieces, The Blue Room.可知，研究人员发现《蓝色房间》画中有画，里面隐藏着一幅男子肖像。
9. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的but there’s no record or evidence to prove this，so the research continues可知，没有记录和证据表明隐藏的画中男子的身份，研究还需继续，即画中男子是谁目前还没有定论。
10. B 【解析】引细节理解题。根据第一、第三段可知，这三幅画都是毕加索的杰作，都有隐藏的画在其中。
1l. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 “Our audience are curious about the high-tech research because it can help them know more about the paintings. It’s giving them a doorway to make them understand Picasso’s paintings more,” she said. “The more we can understand, the greater our appreciation of the paintings will be.”知，运用高科技对毕加索的画进行研究会帮助人们进一步认识他的作品。
D
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，叙述了一个世纪以来不同地区的人们身高的变化及其原因，以及身高与寿命的关系。
12. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的People have grown taller over the last century in 200 countries between 1914 and 2014知，过去一个世纪，在大部分国家，国民的身高都有显著增加。故选B。
l3. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Individuals’ genes have a big influence on their height, but once you average over whole populations, genes play a less key role,” he added.可知，基因对个人的身高有很大影响，但一旦计算所有人口（身高的）平均值，基因就不那么重要了，因此基因对个人的影响要大于对群体的影
响。故选C。
14. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century, the trend has reversed in recent years, with height decreasing among 18-year-olds.可知，在20世纪初，乌干达和尼日尔的人身高有所增加，但最近几年这一趋势发生了逆转，18岁的人身高有所下降。所以乌干达
和尼日尔18岁的人比他们的前几代矮。故选B。
15. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，詹姆斯·本瑟姆建议我们关注孩子的成长环境，确保他们在理想的环境中成长。故选D。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在现代社会，艺术和科学是两种非常独立的学科，但在达·芬奇时代，它们是紧密联系在一起的。文章主要介绍了达·芬奇是如何将艺术与科学联系在一起的。
16.B【解析】根据上文In the modern world，art and science are two very separate activities, but in Da Vinci’s time they were closely connected. Science meant mathematics and medical studies.可知，在现代社会，艺术和科学是两种非常独立的活动，但在达·芬奇时代，它们是紧密联系在一起的。科学意味着数学和医学研究。B项（这些与艺术是如何联系在一起的呢 ）符合上下文语境。故选B。
17. F 【解析】根据上文He could also use mathematics to place things relationship to each other in a drawing or painting so the scene looked correct.可知，他还可以运用数学知识根据事物之间的关系把它们画在一幅素描画或油画中，使场景看起来是合适的。F项（你会在《最后的晚餐》这幅画中看到这种位置安排的一个范例）符合上下文语境。故选F。
18. G 【解析】根据下文More than this, though, Da Vinci believed that numbers were a part of all things in the world, including music, and he said that without them nothing could be done.可知，不仅如此，达·芬奇相信数字是世界上一切事物的组成部分，包括音乐。他说没有数字什么也做不成。G项（达·芬奇本人是一位非常优秀
的音乐家，喜欢演奏乐器和唱歌）符合上下文语境。故选G。
19. C 【解析】根据上文Actual experience was more important to him than opinion, and he worked from facts to ideas…可知，对他来说，实践经验比理论观，点更重要，他从现实出发产生想法。且上文中的ideas与C项中的Da Vinci’s ideas相呼应。C项（达·芬奇的想法远远超前于他的时代）符合上下文语境。故选C。
20. A 【解析】根据下文His quick little sketches, often done while wandering outside, helped him to catch a movement or a shape…可知，他经常在外面闲逛的时候画一些速写，帮助自己捕捉一个动作或一个形状。由此可知，本段是在说明达·芬奇日常绘画的情况。A项（达·芬奇总是在画画）符合上下文语境。故选A。
第二部分语言运用
第一节
【语篇导读】青少年时期的友谊往往是最珍贵的，不要忘了那些一直陪伴在你身边的朋友，他们是你一生中发现的最宝贵的财富。
21. A 【解析】由常识可知，高三学生要为“实现自己的梦想”而离开。
22. D 【解析】句意：儿童因太小而不懂真正的友谊；而成人往往会把友谊与名利联系起来。honest意为“诚实的”；correct意为“正确的”；daily意为“日常的”。
23. B 【解析】句意参见上一题解析。tend to意为“往往会”，符合语境。
24. D 【解析】由下文四个以We开头的排比句可知，高中生的友谊和儿童及成人间的友谊不同。
25. C 【解析】We指代前一句中的best high school friends，再结合四个选项可知C项符合语境，表示真正的好朋友会分享秘密，而不是分享财富、金钱或家务活。
26. D 【解析】由空后的宾语values可知，该空应选shape，表示“开始形成我们的价值观”。
27. A 【解析】句意：在通向人生最大挑战的旅途中我们互相支持。由第一段中的big test及常识可知，高中生会面临人生中最大的挑战—高考。
28. B 【解析】句意：我们也会分享成功和失败。根据设空后的宾语并结合四个选项可知，share符合语境。face和stand后的宾语常为困难等不好的事；expect意为“期待”。
29. C 【解析】not…until…意为“直到…才…”，符合语境。
30. C 【解析】引句意：是我高中的朋友帮我度过人生中最黑暗的日子。get through渡过（难关）。
31. B 【解析】exchange…with.意为“和…互换…”，符合语境。
32. B 【解析】句意：我们俩都希望友谊能够永远延续下去。going符合语境。
33. D 【解析】句意：但是我们并没有意识到彼此已经深深植根于对方的心中。deep in one’s heart意为“在某人内心深处”，符合语境。
34. A 【解析】句意：无论何时我需要帮助或想倾吐不快的时候…unhappiness符合语境。
35. B 【解析】引句意：仔细看看现在在你身边的人，他们可能是你一生中发现的最宝贵的财富。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了苏州古典园林。
36. have been added 【解析】根据since1997可知，此处应用现在完成时；which指代先行词classical gardens, nine of which为复数，与add之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故填have been added。
37. their 【解析】空后的top为名词，所以此处应用形容词性物主代词，故填their。
38. importance 【解析】根据空前的定冠词the以及空后的of可知，此处应用名词，故填importance.
39. A 【解析】a dozen of是固定短语，意为“十几个…”
40. has 【解析】which引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词the Humble Administrator’s Garden，所以谓语动词要用单数形式；且此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填has。
41. larger 【解析】根据空后的than及语境可知，此处应用比较级，故填larger。
42. where 【解析】空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the residence，六句中作地点状语，应用关系副词，故填where。
43. into 【解析】be divided into.意为“被分为”，故填into。
44. especially 【解析】引空处修饰形容词elegant，应用副词形式，故填especially.
bining 【解析】combine与主语The gardens of Suzhou之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词 -ing 形式作状语，故填combining。
第三部分写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear John,
Our school is going to hold our first art festival from Sept 18th to 20th. I’m writing to invite you to attend it.
This festival is aimed at enriching our life and it is a good opportunity to show our talent. We can also take this chance to relax ourselves. Varieties of works of art by us students will be on display. Different performances, such as singing, dancing and cross talk, will be put on too.
Come and join us! I’m sure you will enjoy yourself!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
Paragraph 1
One Sunday afternoon, they were driving to an event in their car but had to stop at the bank and use the ATM machine. Ashleigh, showing her husband where to turn, gestured wildly with her left hand and felt the ring slip off. However, when searching the car carefully, they weren’t able to find it. They figured it fell out of the open driver’s side window.
Paragraph 2
The couple searched the parking lot and the car for hours. Nothing. Later, back home, the Hannahs searched through the car for hours. Nothing. Years later, Daniel bought his wife a much larger engagement ring. Finally, this month Korey made contact with Daniel Hannah. They met, and as a reward for returning the ring, she simply asked that Daniel send her a photo of the moment he surprised his wife with her lost engagement ring. On Mother’s Day, Ashleigh’s son gave her the ring. It didn’t fit and was much smaller than her replacement ring, but Ashleigh cherished both of them.
一、阅读理解
第一节
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The following 4 famous paintings—from Jan van Eyck’s portrait to Pablo Picasso’s masterpiece—have stood the test of time.
The Arnolfini Portrait
The Arnolfini Portrait of Jan van Eyck, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her，is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery, London. This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is also an informative document on fifteenth-century society, through van Eyck’s heavy use of symbolism—while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties.
The Starry Night
Vincent Willem van Gogh painted The Starry Night, an oil on canvas (帆布), a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital near Saint-Remy-de-Provence, France between 1889 and 1890.When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of van Gogh’s most famous works.
The Harvesters
The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which most commonly emerged within the months of August and September. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector from Antwerp, commissioned this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919.
Guernica
Guernica, a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title “Guernica” refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an anti-war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia in Madrid.
1. Which of the following paintings was produced earliest
A. Guernica.
B. The Harvesters.
C. The Starry Night.
D. The Arnolfini Portrait.
2. Who created the painting describing the harvest season
A. Pieter Bruegel the Elder.
B. Vincent Willem van Gogh.
C. Jan van Eyck.
D. Pablo Picasso.
3. What do we know about the painting The Starry Night
A. It was painted on wood in oils.
B. It described the painter’s life in hospital.
C. It wasn’t widely recognised before 1941.
D. It was given away to the Museum of Modern Art in New York City by a collector.
B
Many of you may have used Siri, a voice assistant of US tech company Apple. You only have to say “hey Siri” and it will answer to your command. However, we may be sacrificing (牺牲) our privacy to enjoy this convenience.
According to a recent report by The Guardian, Siri can be accidentally triggered and start recording private conversations, such as discussions between doctors and patients. Some of these recordings are then given to workers outside the company to review.
Apple claimed the data was used to help Siri improve, but users were not informed of this measure in the first place.
Apple’s Siri is not the only voice assistant to come under fire.
In 2018, Alexa, a voice assistant developed by US tech company Amazon, recorded a private conversation between a couple and sent it to a stranger without their permission.
These issues deepened concerns that tech companies are infringing users’ rights of privacy.
Many people have long feared that tech companies are listening and collecting data from private conversations, reported Forbes. Using this data, third party companies could then paint an accurate picture of users’ habits and preferences in order to serve them more targeted advertisements, or even worse, sell this private data.
Despite this risk, the popularity of voice assistant seems to be unstoppable.
“In the near future, everything from your lighting to your air conditioner to your refrigerator, your coffee maker, and even your toilet could be wired to a system controlled by voice,” commented The Atlantic.
Colin Horgan wrote on the blog site Medium that he believed people’s daily lives would soon become a source of data.
“The sounds of our homes, the symphony of life—laughing, crying, talking, shouting, sitting in silence—will no longer be considered memories, but data, he wrote.
To deal with the issue, Blake Morgan, a reporter for The Atlantic, believed that the answer is transparency.
“All companies need to have messaging ready to explain to customers what they do with private data,” she wrote on The Atlantic.
4. What does the underlined sentence mean
A. There are other fire-proof voice assistants.
B. Other voice assistants are also being developed.
C. There are other voice assistants being criticised.
D. Other voice assistants also need improvements.
5. What seems to be people’s biggest concern about voice assistants
A. Invading their privacy.
B. Sending their messages.
C. Making no improvements.
D. Serving them targeted advertisements.
6. What should companies do to solve the problem，according to Blake Morgan
A. To stop collecting data through voice assistants.
B. To explain their use of the data to customers.
C. To make their data more transparent.
D. To slow down the pace of technology advancement.
7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To show visions of a data world in the future.
B. To inform people of what tech companies are really up to.
C. To draw attention to the privacy issue voice assistants bring about.
D. To criticise companies’ invading customers’ privacy by collecting data.
C
Art researchers have found a hidden painting of a man under one of Pablo Picasso’s masterpieces, The Blue Room. By using infrared (红外线的) imagery they discovered that the hidden man under the painting was a man with his face resting on his hand. Now the question that scientists at The Phillips Collection hope to answer is simple. Who is he
The finding of the hidden man in The Blue Room leads to new research about the 1901 painting, which was created by Picasso in Paris at the start of his blue period of unhappiness. Researchers discovered that the hidden man was painted in a reworked composition by Picasso. They are sure that it is not a self-portrait. They think it might be the Paris art dealer Ambrose Villard who hosted Picasso’s first show in 1901, but there’s no record or evidence to prove this, so the research continues.
Hidden pictures have been found under Picasso’s other important paintings, such as La Vie and Woman Ironing. A technical analysis of La Vie at the Cleveland Museum of Art also found that Picasso reworked the painting’s composition. And scientists found a portrait of a man under Picasso’s painting Woman Ironing at the Guggenheim Museum in Manhattan.
Dorothy Kosinski, director of The Phillips Collection, said more new knowledge about Picasso’s paintings can be discovered through high-tech cooperation among museums. “Our audience are curious about the high-tech research because it can help them know more about the paintings. It’s giving them a doorway to make them understand Picasso’s paintings more,” she said. “The more we can understand, the greater our appreciation of the paintings will be.”
8. What do researchers agree according to Paragraph 1
A. A man is hiding behind The Blue Room.
B. A painting of a man is hidden under The Blue Room.
C. The Blue Room is Pablo Picasso’s favourite masterpiece.
D. A man is taking a rest in The Blue Room of Pablo Picasso.
9. What can we know about the hidden man in The Blue Room
A. He first showed up in 1901.
B. He is Ambrose Villard from Paris.
C. Nobody knows for sure who he is.
D. He was not painted by Pablo Picasso.
10. What’s the similarity among The Blue Room, La Vie and Woman Ironing
A. They are painted by Dorothy Kosinski.
B. They have a hidden picture under them.
C. They are exhibited at the same museum.
D. They have a hidden self-portrait in them.
11. What can we know from the last paragraph
A. The research on Picasso’s works can add mystery to him.
B. The audience are curious about the doorway of the museums.
C. More people will be crazy about researching Picasso’s life.
D. The high-tech research can help people know more about Picasso’s paintings.
D
People have grown taller over the last century, with Korean women shooting up by more than 20 cm on average, and Iranian men gaining 16.5 cm. A global study looked at the average height of 18-year-olds in 200 countries between 1914 and 2014.
The results reveal that while Swedes were the tallest people in the world in 1914, Dutch men have risen from 12th place to claim top spot with an average height of 182.5 cm. Latvian women, meanwhile, rose from 28th place in 1914 to become the tallest in the world a century later, with an average height of 169.8 cm.
James Bentham, a co-author of the research from Imperial College London, said the global trend was likely to be primarily due to improvements in nutrition and health care. “Individuals’ genes have a big influence on their height, but once you average over whole populations, genes play a less key role,” he added.
“A little extra height brings a number of advantages,” said Elio Riboli of Imperial College London. “Being taller is associated with longer life expectancy,” he said. “This is largely due to a lower risk of dying of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease among taller people.”
“But while height has increased around the world, the trend in many countries of North and sub-Saharan Africa causes concern,” said Riboli. While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century, the trend has reversed in recent years, with height decreasing among 18-year-olds.
“One reason for these decreases in height is the economic situation in the 1980s,” said Alexander Moradi of the University of Sussex. The nutritional and health crises that followed the policy of structural adjustment led to many children and teenagers failing to reach their full potential in terms of height.
Bentham believes the global trend of increasing height has important implications. “How tall we are now is strongly influenced by the environment we grew up in,” he said. “If we give children the best possible start in life now, they will be healthier and more productive for decades to come.”
12. What does the global study tell us about people’s height over the last century
A. There is a remarkable difference across continents.
B. There has been a marked increase in most countries.
C. The increase in people’s height has been quickening.
D. The increase in women’s height is bigger than in men’s.
13. What did James Bentham say about genes in the increase of people’s height
A. They count less than generally thought.
B. They outweigh nutrition and health care.
C. They impact more on an individual than on a population.
D. They play a more significant role in females than in males.
14. What do we learn about 18-year-olds in Uganda and Niger
A. They grow up slower than their peers in other countries.
B. They are actually shorter than their earlier generations.
C. They find it hard to bring their potential into full play.
D. They have experienced many changes of government.
15.What does James Bentham suggest we do
A. Watch closely the global trend in children’s development.
B. Make sure that our children grow up to their full height.
C. Try every possible means to improve our environment.
D. Ensure our children grow up in an ideal environment.
第二节
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Leonardo da Vinci and Nature
In the modern world，art and science are two very separate activities，but in Da Vinci’s time they were closely connected. Science meant mathematics and medical studies. 16. ________ Mathematics included practical work like surveying land for making maps as well as measuring the movements of the stars in the sky. An artist might need to measure the different parts of the body. He could also use mathematics to place things in relationship to each other in a drawing or painting so the scene looked correct. 17. ________
Mathematics was also connected to music because musical sounds have a fixed relationship with each other that can be described in numbers. 18. ________ More than this, though, Da Vinci believed that numbers were a part of all things in the world, including music, and he said that without them nothing could be done.
“Nature has kindly given us things everywhere to copy,” wrote Da Vinci. In all his activities, Da Vinci was trying to discover the rules that control nature. In his search for those rules, he looked very carefully at a lot of examples and details. Actual experience was more important to him than opinion，and he worked from facts to ideas. 19. ________ His purpose was to examine the world so he could copy it in beautiful paintings and sculptures. He also wanted to learn from the clever solutions of nature.
20. ________ His quick little sketches (素描), often done while wandering outside，helped him to catch a movement or a shape. More careful drawings would be done at a desk with open and ruler. In July 2001, a small drawing by Da Vinci was sold for $12 million. It was the most expensive drawing in the world.
A. Da Vinci was always drawing.
B. How could these be connected with art
C. Da Vinci’s ideas were vastly ahead of his time.
D. Mathematicians and doctors worked to discover the unknown.
E. Above all, Da Vinci wanted to understand how and why things worked.
F. You will see a good example of such positioning in the painting The Last Supper.
G. Da Vinci himself was a very good musician and liked to play an instrument and sing.
二、完形填空
第一节
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
June is always a sad time for Senior 3 students. After taking the big test, they leave to 21 their dreams in different ways. It’s a hard time when students have to say goodbye to carefree high school days and close friends.
People always say that teenage friendships are the most precious. Kids are too young to understand 22 f friendship while adults 23 to relate it to fame and wealth. Things are
24 with best high school friends. We share each other’s 25. We discuss news from all walks of life and begin to 26 our values. We support each other on the journey to the biggest 27 in our lives. We also 28 success and failure. The seeds of friendship become deeply rooted.
Many of us don’t realise this 29 we enter society. One of my friends, Yang Ping, experienced how strong the bond (联系) with high school friends can be. “It was my high school friend who helped me 30 the darkest days in my life,” said the 27-year-old girl.
In 2001 Yang lost her job in Beijing. Yang’s best friend was staying in a college dormitory and took her in. Each night the two girls squeezed (挤) into a narrow single bed, chatting and crying. “I’ll never forget her care and encouragement, which supported me out of the darkness,” said Yang.
I still remember my last days in Senior 3. At the time, I 31 a 20-page message with my best friend, both of us hoping to keep the friendship 32 forever.
But we didn’t realise we were already deep in each other’s 33. During the past 10 years, whenever I needed help or wanted to pour out my 34, she had always been there at the other end of a telephone line.
It is true that friends come and go. But never forget the ones who have been there for you. Take a closer look at those now around you; they could be the most precious treasure you discover in your entire 35.
21. A. realise B. create C. perform D. finish
22. A. honest B. correct C. daily D. real
23. A. attempt B. tend C. plan D. manage
24. A. similar B. same C. alike D. different
25. A. wealth B. money C. secrets D. housework
26. A. weigh B. make C. measure D. shape
27. A. challenge B. trouble C. question D. problem
28. A. face B. share C. expect D. stand
29. A. unless B. after C. until D. but
30. A. break through B. pull through C. get through D. look through
31. A. changed B. exchanged C. turned D. discussed
32. A. running B. going C. advancing D. marching
33. A. head B. spirit C. brain D. heart
34. A. unhappiness B. happiness C. disaster D. joy
35. A. period B. life C. work D. study
第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Suzhou is a cultural and historic city in China’s Jiangsu Province. It is famous around the world for its classical gardens, nine of which 36. ________ (add) to the World Heritage Site since 1997.They were first laid out as far back as the 6th century BCE and reached 37. ________ (they) top during the period from the 16th century to the 18th century. Records show that there were over2O0 gardens during their heyday (全盛时) The gardens reflect the 38. ________ (important) of natural beauty in Chinese culture.
39. ________ dozen of classical gardens are still in good condition today，including the Humble Administrator’s Garden, which 40. ________ (have) an area of some 51, 950 square metres. No other gardens of Suzhou are 41. ________ (large) than it. It was originally the residence (住所) 42. ________ Lu Guimeng, a poet of the Tang Dynasty，lived. It is divided 43. ________ the eastern, central, western and residential parts. The garden is considered to be “the mother of all Chinese gardens”
The gardens of Suzhou are 44. ________ (especial) elegant and a feast for the senses, 45. ________ (combine) both tourist attractions and residential houses. They also add a distinct human touch to the natural delights of the gardens themselves.
三、写作
第一节
假如你是李华，你们学校要举行第一届校园艺术节，请你以组织者的身份给你的好朋友约翰（John）写一封邮件，邀请他来参加你们的艺术节。要点如下：
时间：2021年9月18日—9月20日；
目的：丰富同学们的生活，展示自我，放松心情；
内容：艺术品展览，歌舞表演等。
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The first thing Eileen Korey noticed when she got into the car that Wednesday afternoon in early May was a small diamond ring in the tray (托盘) between the front seats. It hadn’t been there before. Weeks earlier, she had taken the car in to have the airbag replaced. The car belonged to her daughter and son-in-law and she was helping them out. Now she was picking it up. That was when she saw the ring. Korey, 64, of Lake Oswego quickly contacted her daughter and son-in-law to ask if they were missing a diamond ring or if any of their friends had reported losing a ring. They both wrote back, saying they had no idea what she was talking about.
Korey took the ring to the service desk at the garage to ask if any women technicians might have left a ring in the car while they were working on it. The woman behind the counter said only men worked on the cars.
Korey asked if the desk clerk could get information from the guy who had replaced the airbag. Over a two-way radio (对讲机), Helbt said he’d placed the ring in the tray when it dropped to the car’s floor after he opened up the steering column to replace the airbag. He was not sure how it got there.
She knew a friend who was a jeweler and stopped by to have her look at the ring to see if it was real. Her friend said the diamond, set in a white gold hand, was worth $1, 200 and Korey could easily sell it for $500.But she wouldn’t sell it. After making sure the ring didn’t belong to anyone in her family-or anyone at the auto shop, Korey tracked down the first owners of the car using paperwork she found in the glove box. Her detective work led her to a dealership in Beaverton, and the car’s first owners: Daniel and Ashleigh Hannah. The Hannahs had purchased the small ring when they got engaged and were saving money to buy a house.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1
One Sunday afternoon, they were driving to an event in their car but had to stop at the bank and use the ATM machine.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
The couple searched the parking lot and the car for hours. Nothing. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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参考答案
第一部分阅读
第一节
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四幅名画一从扬凡·艾克的肖像画到巴勃罗·毕加索的杰作。它们都经受住了时间的考验。
1. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的The Arnolfini Portrait of Jan van Eyck, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434以及其他几幅画的创作时间可知，《阿尔诺芬尼夫妇像》是最早创作的画。故选D。
2. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which most commonly emerged within the months of August and September…可知，老彼得·勃鲁盖尔（Pieter Bruegel the Elder）创作了这幅描绘丰收季节的画。故选A。
3. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of van Gogh’s most famous works.可知，《星月夜》在1941年之前没有得到广泛认可。故选C。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。语音助手会在用户不知情的情况下记录私人对话，从而导致用户的隐私被侵犯。对此，不同人士发衣了自已的看法。
4. C 【解析】句意猜测题。根据第五段中的In2018, Alexa, a voice assistant developed by US tech company Amazon, recorded a private conversation between a couple and sent it to a stranger without their permission.可知，2018年，美国科技公司亚马逊（Amazon）开发的语音助手Alexa录下了一对夫妇之间的私人对话，并在未经允许的情况下将对话发送给了一名陌生人。因此画线句子意思为“除了苹果公司的语音助手Siri外，还有其他语音助手受到批评。”故选C。
5. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第六段中的These issues deepened concerns that tech companies are infringing users’ rights of privacy. 知，侵犯隐私是人们对语音助手最大的担忧。故选A。
6. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 “All companies need to have messaging ready to explain to customers what they do with private data,” she wrote on The Atlantic.可知，布莱克·摩根表示，科技公司应该向客户解释它们用这些数据干什么。故选B。
7. C 【解析】引写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要阐述了语音助手带来的隐私问题，由此可推知，本文的目的是引起大家对于语音助手带来的隐私问题的关注。故选C。
C
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，研究人员运用红外成像（技术）发现毕加索的作品中有隐藏的画。
8. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的Art researchers have found a hidden painting of a man under one of Pablo Picasso’s masterpieces, The Blue Room.可知，研究人员发现《蓝色房间》画中有画，里面隐藏着一幅男子肖像。
9. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的but there’s no record or evidence to prove this，so the research continues可知，没有记录和证据表明隐藏的画中男子的身份，研究还需继续，即画中男子是谁目前还没有定论。
10. B 【解析】引细节理解题。根据第一、第三段可知，这三幅画都是毕加索的杰作，都有隐藏的画在其中。
1l. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 “Our audience are curious about the high-tech research because it can help them know more about the paintings. It’s giving them a doorway to make them understand Picasso’s paintings more,” she said. “The more we can understand, the greater our appreciation of the paintings will be.”知，运用高科技对毕加索的画进行研究会帮助人们进一步认识他的作品。
D
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，叙述了一个世纪以来不同地区的人们身高的变化及其原因，以及身高与寿命的关系。
12. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的People have grown taller over the last century in 200 countries between 1914 and 2014知，过去一个世纪，在大部分国家，国民的身高都有显著增加。故选B。
l3. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Individuals’ genes have a big influence on their height, but once you average over whole populations, genes play a less key role,” he added.可知，基因对个人的身高有很大影响，但一旦计算所有人口（身高的）平均值，基因就不那么重要了，因此基因对个人的影响要大于对群体的影
响。故选C。
14. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century, the trend has reversed in recent years, with height decreasing among 18-year-olds.可知，在20世纪初，乌干达和尼日尔的人身高有所增加，但最近几年这一趋势发生了逆转，18岁的人身高有所下降。所以乌干达
和尼日尔18岁的人比他们的前几代矮。故选B。
15. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，詹姆斯·本瑟姆建议我们关注孩子的成长环境，确保他们在理想的环境中成长。故选D。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在现代社会，艺术和科学是两种非常独立的学科，但在达·芬奇时代，它们是紧密联系在一起的。文章主要介绍了达·芬奇是如何将艺术与科学联系在一起的。
16.B【解析】根据上文In the modern world，art and science are two very separate activities, but in Da Vinci’s time they were closely connected. Science meant mathematics and medical studies.可知，在现代社会，艺术和科学是两种非常独立的活动，但在达·芬奇时代，它们是紧密联系在一起的。科学意味着数学和医学研究。B项（这些与艺术是如何联系在一起的呢 ）符合上下文语境。故选B。
17. F 【解析】根据上文He could also use mathematics to place things relationship to each other in a drawing or painting so the scene looked correct.可知，他还可以运用数学知识根据事物之间的关系把它们画在一幅素描画或油画中，使场景看起来是合适的。F项（你会在《最后的晚餐》这幅画中看到这种位置安排的一个范例）符合上下文语境。故选F。
18. G 【解析】根据下文More than this, though, Da Vinci believed that numbers were a part of all things in the world, including music, and he said that without them nothing could be done.可知，不仅如此，达·芬奇相信数字是世界上一切事物的组成部分，包括音乐。他说没有数字什么也做不成。G项（达·芬奇本人是一位非常优秀
的音乐家，喜欢演奏乐器和唱歌）符合上下文语境。故选G。
19. C 【解析】根据上文Actual experience was more important to him than opinion, and he worked from facts to ideas…可知，对他来说，实践经验比理论观，点更重要，他从现实出发产生想法。且上文中的ideas与C项中的Da Vinci’s ideas相呼应。C项（达·芬奇的想法远远超前于他的时代）符合上下文语境。故选C。
20. A 【解析】根据下文His quick little sketches, often done while wandering outside, helped him to catch a movement or a shape…可知，他经常在外面闲逛的时候画一些速写，帮助自己捕捉一个动作或一个形状。由此可知，本段是在说明达·芬奇日常绘画的情况。A项（达·芬奇总是在画画）符合上下文语境。故选A。
第二部分语言运用
第一节
【语篇导读】青少年时期的友谊往往是最珍贵的，不要忘了那些一直陪伴在你身边的朋友，他们是你一生中发现的最宝贵的财富。
21. A 【解析】由常识可知，高三学生要为“实现自己的梦想”而离开。
22. D 【解析】句意：儿童因太小而不懂真正的友谊；而成人往往会把友谊与名利联系起来。honest意为“诚实的”；correct意为“正确的”；daily意为“日常的”。
23. B 【解析】句意参见上一题解析。tend to意为“往往会”，符合语境。
24. D 【解析】由下文四个以We开头的排比句可知，高中生的友谊和儿童及成人间的友谊不同。
25. C 【解析】We指代前一句中的best high school friends，再结合四个选项可知C项符合语境，表示真正的好朋友会分享秘密，而不是分享财富、金钱或家务活。
26. D 【解析】由空后的宾语values可知，该空应选shape，表示“开始形成我们的价值观”。
27. A 【解析】句意：在通向人生最大挑战的旅途中我们互相支持。由第一段中的big test及常识可知，高中生会面临人生中最大的挑战—高考。
28. B 【解析】句意：我们也会分享成功和失败。根据设空后的宾语并结合四个选项可知，share符合语境。face和stand后的宾语常为困难等不好的事；expect意为“期待”。
29. C 【解析】not…until…意为“直到…才…”，符合语境。
30. C 【解析】引句意：是我高中的朋友帮我度过人生中最黑暗的日子。get through渡过（难关）。
31. B 【解析】exchange…with.意为“和…互换…”，符合语境。
32. B 【解析】句意：我们俩都希望友谊能够永远延续下去。going符合语境。
33. D 【解析】句意：但是我们并没有意识到彼此已经深深植根于对方的心中。deep in one’s heart意为“在某人内心深处”，符合语境。
34. A 【解析】句意：无论何时我需要帮助或想倾吐不快的时候…unhappiness符合语境。
35. B 【解析】引句意：仔细看看现在在你身边的人，他们可能是你一生中发现的最宝贵的财富。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了苏州古典园林。
36. have been added 【解析】根据since1997可知，此处应用现在完成时；which指代先行词classical gardens, nine of which为复数，与add之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故填have been added。
37. their 【解析】空后的top为名词，所以此处应用形容词性物主代词，故填their。
38. importance 【解析】根据空前的定冠词the以及空后的of可知，此处应用名词，故填importance.
39. A 【解析】a dozen of是固定短语，意为“十几个…”
40. has 【解析】which引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词the Humble Administrator’s Garden，所以谓语动词要用单数形式；且此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填has。
41. larger 【解析】根据空后的than及语境可知，此处应用比较级，故填larger。
42. where 【解析】空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the residence，六句中作地点状语，应用关系副词，故填where。
43. into 【解析】be divided into.意为“被分为”，故填into。
44. especially 【解析】引空处修饰形容词elegant，应用副词形式，故填especially.
bining 【解析】combine与主语The gardens of Suzhou之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词 -ing 形式作状语，故填combining。
第三部分写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear John,
Our school is going to hold our first art festival from Sept 18th to 20th. I’m writing to invite you to attend it.
This festival is aimed at enriching our life and it is a good opportunity to show our talent. We can also take this chance to relax ourselves. Varieties of works of art by us students will be on display. Different performances, such as singing, dancing and cross talk, will be put on too.
Come and join us! I’m sure you will enjoy yourself!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
Paragraph 1
One Sunday afternoon, they were driving to an event in their car but had to stop at the bank and use the ATM machine. Ashleigh, showing her husband where to turn, gestured wildly with her left hand and felt the ring slip off. However, when searching the car carefully, they weren’t able to find it. They figured it fell out of the open driver’s side window.
Paragraph 2
The couple searched the parking lot and the car for hours. Nothing. Later, back home, the Hannahs searched through the car for hours. Nothing. Years later, Daniel bought his wife a much larger engagement ring. Finally, this month Korey made contact with Daniel Hannah. They met, and as a reward for returning the ring, she simply asked that Daniel send her a photo of the moment he surprised his wife with her lost engagement ring. On Mother’s Day, Ashleigh’s son gave her the ring. It didn’t fit and was much smaller than her replacement ring, but Ashleigh cherished both of them.