新人教版高二英语选修八第五单元 Meeting your ancestors教案之语言点详解

新人教版高二英语
选修八第五单元
Meeting your ancestors
教案之
语言点详解
词汇详解：
一.词语辨析
1. used to / would
【解释】
would与used to都可用来表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作。
would只能表示反复发生的动作。如果表示过去经常性的状态，就不能用would，只能用
used to。
used to表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作或状态，但现在已经结束。would则表示有可能再
发生。
【练习】
用used to或would填空。
1). When we were boys we ________ go swimming every summer.
2). He ________ be very poor.
3). People ________ believe that the earth was flat.
4). He ________ go to the park as soon as he was free.
Keys: 1). used to / would 2). used to 3). used to 4). would (现在有可能再去)
2. interrupt / disturb / bother
【解释】
interrupt意为“打断，中断”，尤指中断某活动的连续性。
disturb意为“因焦虑、失望、困惑等情感因素而使人心绪收到明显干扰”。
bother意为“扰乱某人心绪而使人不能专心或专一”。
【练习】
选择interrupt，disturb，bother的正确形式填空。
1). She was _______ to hear of your illness.
2). I’ m sorry to _______ the meeting, but there is an urgent long-distance call for Mr. Zhou.
3). Don’ t _______ yourself too much about me.
4). We _________ in the middle of our conversation.
Keys: 1). disturbed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 2). interrupt 3). bother 4). were interrupted
3. assume / suppose / presume
【解释】
assume“假定，设想”，用于逻辑推理，强调一种缺乏证据的结论，以检验某种建议。
suppose意为“根据一定证据作出的见解”，最不正式。
presume意为“某人以过去的经验作为依据，对某事作出合乎逻辑的推测”。
【练习】
选择assume，suppose，presume的正确形式填空。
1). I _______ that he has gone for a walk.
2). We _______ the situation will improve.
3). From the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )available data it may be _______ that the writer was very famous in the 4th century.
Keys: 1). assume 2). suppose 3). presumed
二.词性变化
1. alternative n.[c]替换物 adj.选择性的，二中择一的
alternatively adv. 作为选择，二者择一
2. accuracy n.[u]精确性，正确度
accurate adj. 正确的，精确的
inaccurate adj.不准确的
accurately adv.正确地，精确地
inaccurately adv. 不准确地
3. assume vt.假定；设想； 采用；承担
assumption n. 假定，设想，假装，就职
assumed adj. 假定的，假装的，装的
4. analysis n.[c]分析，分解
analyse(analyze) vt.分析，分解
analytical adj.分析的，解析的
5. significance n. 意义，含义；重要性，重大
significant adj. 相当数量的；意义重大的
significantly adv. 意义深远地，重大地
6. division n.分(开，配，担；歧，裂)；除(法)；部门
divide vt.分(开)；vi.分开
7. skill n.[c,u]技能，技巧，熟练，巧妙
skillful adj. 灵巧的，熟练的，制作精巧的
skillfully adv. 巧妙地，技术好地
【练习】
用括号内所提供词的适当形式或介词填空。
1). The way was blo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cked, so we went by an ________ (alternatively) road.
2). The design i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s slightly ________ (accurate), so we must make some changes.
3). The boss is w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orried about the ________ (accurate) of the statistics.
4). It’ s impossible to predict the weather _________ (accurate).
5). A lot of people ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ke the ________ (assume) that poverty only exists in the Third World.
6). The ________ (analyse) of the samples on the murder spot showed some valuable clues to the police the address.
7). Students ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) need to possess certain basic ________ (skillful) by the time they finish schoo1.
8). He was valued f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or his skill ________ (介词) raising money for the company.
9). The discovery o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f the new drug is of great _________ (significant) to people suffering from heart problems.
10). Sometimes th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere is no simple _________ (divide) between good and evil.
Keys: 1). alternati ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve 2). inaccurate 3). accuracy 4). accurately 5). assumption
6). analysis 7). skills 8). in 9). significance 10). division
三.重点词汇

1. interrupt vt.&vi. 阻断，中断；打岔；插嘴
interruption n. 中断，打断
[典例]
1). Traffic in the city was interrupted by a snowstorm.
市内交通被暴风雪所阻断。
2). It is rude to interrupt.
打断别人的话，是不礼貌的。
[重点用法]
interrupt (sb/sth) (with sth) 打断（某人）讲话；打岔；打扰
[练习]
用interrupt的正确形式填空。
1). Electricity _________ (interrupt) in the course of work.
2). Let’ s go somew ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )here where we can talk without _________ (interrupt).
Keys: 1). was interrupted 2). interruption
2. applaud vt. 鼓掌，称赞，赞成
applause n. 鼓掌欢迎，欢呼
[典例]
1). Everyone applauded when the play ended.
演出结束时，大家都热烈鼓掌。
2). I applaud your decision.
我赞成你的决定。
[重点用法]
applaud sb. for sth 因某事而赞扬某人
applaud the decision赞成某个决定
[练习]
根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。
1). She should be applauded ________ her honesty.
2). A crowd of 300 supporters warmly ________ her speech.
3). The candida ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )te’ s promise to improve public schools was greeted with a loud round of ______.
4). I ________ the decision to install more security cameras.
Keys: 1). for 2). applauded 3). applause 4). applaud
3. accelerate vt.&vi. 加速，促进
acceleration n. 加速度
[典例]
1). We must take measures to accelerate the rate of economic growth.
我们必须采取措施，加速经济增长。
2). The car accelerated as it overtook me.
那辆汽车一加速就超越了我。
[练习]
用accelerate或其同根词的适当形式填空。
1). The driver stepped on the gas and ________ the car.
2). The ________ of train service will bring us great convenience.
3). The bad weather _________ our departure.
Keys: 1). accelerated 2). acceleration 3). accelerated
4. arrest vt. 逮捕，拘留，吸引(注意) n.[c]逮捕
[典例]
1). The criminal was arrested yesterday.
罪犯昨天被捕了。
2). What she did arrested my attention.
她所做的吸引了我的注意力。
[重点用法]
be arrested for sth. 因某事而被捕
arrest one’ s attention吸引某人的注意
under arrest被捕；被拘留
[练习]
根据句子的意思填入适当的介词或用arrest 的正确形式填空。
1). I got arrested ________ careless driving.
2). Her Uncle was ________ arrest, but nobody knew the reason.
3). Five youths ________ in connection with the attack.
4). The public applauded the ________ of the criminal suspect.
Keys: 1). for 2). under 3). were arrested 4). arrest
四.重点词组
1. regardless of 不管；不顾
[典例]
1). I’ ll take the job regardless of the pay.
不管报酬多少我都要这份工作。
2). He says what he thinks, regardless of other people’ s feelings.
他怎么想就怎么说，不考虑别人的情绪。
[练习]
翻译下面的句子。
1). 他不顾危险，跳进河里救那个溺水的小孩。
____________________________________________________________________________
2). 不管天气怎样，我都会去。
____________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). He jumped ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) into the river to save the little drowning boy the danger.
2). I will go regardless of the weather.
2. fed up with 受够了，厌烦
[典例]
1). I’ m fed up with waiting for her to telephone.
我等她的电话都等得不耐烦了。
2). What’ s the matter You look pretty fed up.
怎麽啦？你显得那麽不高兴。
[短语归纳]
feed短语：
feed sb/sth on sth给（人或动物）食物；喂；饲养
feed on（动物）以...为主食
feed sth to sb/sth 给（人或动物）某物作为食物
[练习]
根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词。
1). Several children were feeding bread ________ the ducks.
2). What do you fee ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d your dog ________
3). Cows feed ________ grass.
4). I’ m fed up ________ the same breakfast every morning.
Keys: 1). to 2). on 3). on 4). With
3. look ahead 向前看；为将来谋划
[典例]
Have you looked ahead to what you’ ll be doing in five years’ time
你是否想过五年後你要做些什麽
[短语归纳]
look短语：
look back 向后看； 回顾
look out 留神；注意
look into 调查
look up 查找；形势好转；看望
look up to sb. 尊敬 某人
look through 仔细查阅
look forward to sth./doing sth. 盼望
look on 旁观；看作
look over 快速浏览，复习
look down (on/upon sth.) 向下看； 轻视
[练习]
用look短语翻译下面的句子。
1). You should ____________________________________.(翻阅字典查查这个生词).
2). I am looking for ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ward to ________________________ as soon as possible. (收到你的回信)
3). _______________ (当心) or you will catch cold.
4). I have to _______________________ (把笔记复习一遍) for the exam.
Keys: 1). look up the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )word in a dictionary 2). hearing from you 3). look out 4). look over my notes
4. date back to... = date from... 追溯到...，从...时候开始就有了
[典例]
The church dates back to the 13th century.
这座教堂从十三世纪开始就有了。
[练习]
根据句子的要求在括号里填入短语或所给词的适当形式。
1). The custom ________ ________ hundreds of years.
2). Our friendship________ ________ ________ the late 70s.
3). This is a law ________ (date) from the 17th century.
Keys: 1). dates back 2). dates back to 3). dating
五.重点句子
1. We have been ex ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cavating layers of ash almost six metres thick, which suggests that they might have kept the fire burning all winter.
我们一直在挖掘一层层的积灰，几乎有六米厚，这说明他们可能整个冬季都在烧火。
[解释]
“have been excavating”是现在完成进行时，表示从过去开始一直延续到现在，或将
继续延续至将来。
如：We have been working on this project for over a month now.
到目前为止，我们一直在处理那个项目，已 经花了一个多月时间了。
注意：区别现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别。一般来说现在完成时表示已经完成，而现在完成进行时
表示还没完成还要延续下去或者刚刚完成。试比较：
They have built a h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ouse. (完成) / They have been building a house. (尚未完成)
[练习]
在括号里填入所给词的适当形式。
1). We ________ ________ (work) for two hours by the time she came.
2). Last year he ________ (write) a novel. I don’ t know whether he ________ (finish) now.
3). Since 1977, CCTV ________ (broadcast) English programmes.
Keys: 1). had bee ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n working 2). was writing; has finished 3). has been broadcasting
2. Our evidence su ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ggests they did indeed wear clothes made form animal skins.
我们的证据表明他们确实穿了用动物皮做成的衣服。
[解释]
suggest最常用有两个意思：
(1)：提议；提出；建议，后接动词要用 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )动词的ing形式，后接宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气(“should+动词原形”，should常省略)。如：
1). It’ s noisy here. I suggest changing another hotel.
这里太吵了，我建议换个宾馆。
2). I suggest (that) you (should) ask Mr. Wu.
我建议你问问吴先生。
3). I suggest that the boy be sent to the hospital at once.
我建议立即把小孩送医院。
后接宾语从句要用虚拟语气的词可记为：
一个坚持：insist
二个命令：command, order
四个建议：advise, suggest, recommend, propose
四个要求：ask, demand, request, require
(2)：表明，显示，暗示；显出，后接宾语从句(不用虚拟语气)。如：
His expression suggests that he has got the job.
他脸上的表情表明他已经得到了那份工作。
[练习]
在括号里填入所给词的适当形式。
1). I wrote suggesting that he ________ (come) for the weekend.
2). He demands that he ________ (tell) everything.
Keys: e 2). be told
六.课文佳句背诵与仿写
1.【原句】You must ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) be aware that it’s here that we found evidence of some of the earliest people who lived in this part of the world.
你们想必都很清楚，正是这个地方，我们找到了居住在世界上这个部分最早人类的证据。
[模仿要点] 句子结构：be aware that + it is …that…强调句
【模仿1】我们必须意识到是政府应该采取措施来关闭那些给我们的生存环境带来污染的工厂。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：We must be aware t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat it’s the government that should take measures to close those factories that bring much pollution to our living environment.
【模仿2】我们应该意识到，没有任何东西比健康更重要，健康是成功的基础。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：We should be aware ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that nothing is more valuable than health, which is the foundation of one’s success.
2．【原句】Worried ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) about the preparations for her feast, Lala quickly turned for home with her collection of nuts, melons and other fruit.
拉拉担心她这次盛宴的准备工作，所以赶紧把坚果、甜瓜和其他水果收集起来就快步回家了。

[模仿要点] 句子结构：分词状语， + 主句 + with + …
【模仿1】怀特先生对中国历史感兴趣，所以在当地导游的引领下访问所有博物馆。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：Interested in Chi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nese history, Mr. White paid visits to all the museums with a local guide during his stay in Beijing.
【模仿2】舞狮，象征着兴旺与吉祥，富有浓厚的民族特点和独特的传统艺术，是中华民族文化中的一颗璀璨的明珠。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Standing for success and luck , lion dance is a bright star in the galaxy of Chinese traditional culture with rich national feature and unique traditional art.
3. 【原句】Lala accel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erated her walk up the path to the caves fearing that there might be wild beasts lying in wait for her. 拉拉加快了回洞穴的步伐，担心会有野兽在等着她。
[模仿要点] 句子结构：主句 + V-ing分词作状语+宾语从句 + 分词作定语
【模仿1】我可以说考试对学生是一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )件好事，可以测试我们对老师所教的知识掌握的有多好。 __________________________________________________________________________
答案： I can say exami ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nation is a good thing for us students, testing how well we’ve mastered the knowledge taught by the teachers.
【模仿2】深深得益于网络，每天都期待着有大量的信息和宝贝等着我去掏。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：I deeply benef ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )it from the Internet expecting that there is plenty of information and treasure waiting for me to explore everyday.