新人教版高一英语必修四第三单元A taste of English humour教案之语言点详解

新人教版高一英语
必修四第三单元
A taste of English humour
教案之
语言点详解
词汇详解：

一．词语辨析

1. specially / especially / particularly
【解释】
specially = on purpose故意地；专门地 (不是为了别的，而只是为了某一目的而专门采用 的某种方式。
如：I came here specially to see you. 我特地到这儿来看你。
especially = particu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )larly = in particular = in especial特别地；尤其是；特别是，通常用来对 前面所叙述的事情作进一步说明或补充，是有意突出到显眼或例外的程度，强调“超过其 他，与众不同”，在介词或连词前用得较多。
如：I like Harbin, especially in summer. 我喜 爱哈尔滨，尤其是哈尔滨的夏天。
【练习】
用specially，especially，particularly填空。
1). I like my hometown, _______ in spring.
2). These shoes were _______ made for you.
3). A committee has been _______ appointed to look into the matter.
4). We did very well in this exam, _______ our monitor.
Key: 1). especially/p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )articularly 2). specially 3). specially 4). especially
2. common / usual / ordinary
【解释】
common意为“普通的，平常的”，指常见的，常发生的，不足为奇的。
usual意为“通常的，习惯性的”，可用于一切频繁发生的事情。
ordinary意为“通常的，普通的，日常的，随时都可以碰到的”，与common意思接近。
【练习】
用common，usual，ordinary填空。
1). He arrived later than _______.
2). Rabbits and foxes are _______ in Britain.
3). Tom Sawyer was a/ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an _______ American boy who kept getting into trouble.
4). Our _______ workday is eight hours.
5). He’s not an officer, but a/an ________ soldier.
Key: 1). usua ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l mon 3). ordinary 4). ordinary mon/ ordinary
3. convince / persuade
【解释】
convince “说服”，着重理智方面的“辩论，证明”。
persuade “说服”，着重情感上的“劝告”或“说服某人做/不做某事”。
【练习】
用convince，persuade填空。
1). He _______ me that I should study law.
2). He _______ me not to stay.
3). The officials w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere eager to _______ us of the safety of the nuclear reactors.
4). I _______ (convince) I saw you there, but it must have been someone else.
5). How can we persuade him into _______ (join) us
Key: 1). convince ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d 2). convinced/persuaded 3). convince 4). was convinced 5). Joining
二．词性变化
1. humour n. 幽默，诙谐
humorous adj.幽默的，诙谐的
2. fortune n.(大量) 财产， 大笔的钱；运气，命运
fortunate adj.幸运的，侥幸的
fortunately adv.幸运地，幸亏
3. bore vt. 使厌烦；n. 令人 讨厌的人(或事)
bored adj.感到无趣的或单调的
boring adj.令人厌烦的，乏味的
4. mouth n. 嘴，口
mouthful n.一口；少量
5. direct adj.直接的；坦率 的adv.直接地vt.对准；指导
direction n.方向[pl.]说明书；指引；指导
director n.指导者，主管；董事；导演
6. explain v. 讲解，解释
explanation n.解释，说明，阐述
【练习】
用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). ________ (fortune), the drowning child was saved.
2). He gave a ________ (humor) account of their trip to Spain first.
3). Tom went off in one ________ (direct) and Harry in another.
4). He now felt ready to take on the role of ________ (direct).
5). The earthquake left thousands of people ________ (home).
6). I’m stuffed. I couldn’t eat another ________ (mouth).
7). Not only ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are mothers not paid but also most of their ________ (bore) or difficult work is unnoticed.
8). There i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s no convincing ________ (explain) of the overall structure of the universe.
Keys: 1). Fortunate ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly 2). humorous 3). direction 4). director
5). homeless 6). mouthful 7). boring 8). explanation
三．重点词汇
1. content vt. (使)满足；满意 n.[u]满足；书的内容目录；容器里的东西 adj.感到满足的
[典例]
1). As there’s no c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ream, we’ll have to content ourselves with black coffee.
既然没有奶油, 我们只好喝清咖啡算了。
2). He is content to remain where he is now.
他安於现状。
[重点用法]
content oneself with sth. 满足或满意於某事物
be/feel content with 对……感到满足
be content to do sth. 愿意做某事
to one’s heart’s content 尽情地；心满意足地
[练习]
根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
1). Simple praise is enough to ______ him.
2). I like the style of the book but I don t like the ______.
3). She _______ _______ _______ (感到非常满足) stay at home looking after her children.
Keys: 1). content 2). content 3). is/was content to

2. astonish vt. 使惊诧；使吃惊
astonishing adj.令人惊讶的
astonished adj. 感到惊讶的
[典例]
1). The news astonished everybody.
这个消息令大家惊讶。
2). I was astonished at/to hear the loud sound.
我被那些巨大的声响吓了一跳。
[重点用法]
be astonished at/by sth. 因/被……感到惊讶
be astonished to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶
It astonishes sb. that 令某人惊讶的是
be astonished that 对感到惊讶
[练习]
根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。
1). It astonished me ______ no one has thought of this before.
2). We were _______ (astonish) that he appeared at the party.
3). I find _______ quite _______ (astonish) that none of you like the play.
Keys: 1). that 2). astonished 3). it; astonishing

3. entertain vt.使欢乐；款待
entertaining adj.愉快的；有趣的
entertainment n. 娱乐；款待
[典例]
1). Bob and Liz entertained us to dinner last night.
昨晚鲍勃和利兹设宴招待了我们。
2). Could you ente ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rtain the children for an hour, while I make supper
我做晚饭时, 你能哄孩子们玩一个小时吗
[重点用法]
entertain sb. with sth./by doing sth. 用某物/通过做某事使某人欢乐
[练习]
根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。
1). He entertained ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )us for hours ________ (介词) his stories and jokes.
2). He fell in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the water, much to the _________ (entertain) of the children.
3). We hired a magician to keep the children _________ (entertain).
Keys: 1). with 2). entertainment 3). entertained
4. convince vt. 使信服；使确信
convincing adj. 令人信服的
[典例]
1). We convinced him to go by train rather than plane.
我们说服了他坐火车去，不要搭飞机去。
2). How can I convince you (of her honesty)
我怎样才能使你相信（她很诚实）呢
[重点用法]
convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
convince sb. that 使某人相信
be convinced of / that坚信……；确信……
[练习]
根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。
1). What she said _______ (convince) me that I was mistaken.
2). I soon convinced him ______ (介词) my innocence.
3). What convinced you _______ (vote) for them
4). I m ________ (convince) that he is guilty.
5). That was the most _______ (convince) I had ever heard.
Keys: 1). convinced ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 2). of 3). to vote 4). convinced 5). convincing
5. direct vt.&vi.导演，指示，指挥 adj.直的，直接的，直率的 adv.径直地
[典例]
1). Can you direct me (to the station)
你告诉我（到车站）怎麽走好吗
2). She has a direct way of speaking.
她说话直爽。
[重点用法]
direct 短语：
direct...at/towards sb./sth. 把……指向某人/事
direct sb. to a place 指引某人到某处
direct sb. to do sth. 指示/命令某人做某事
direct (that) sb./sth. (should) do/be done 指示/命令某人/事做/被做……
[练习]
根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。
1). He was directed _______ (介词) a table beside the window.
2). The judge directe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d that the mother _______ (give) custody of the children.
3). There was a police officer _______ (direct) the traffic.
Keys: 1). to 2). be given 3). directing
6. whisper v.&n. 耳语；私语；密谈
[典例]
1). “I feel very afraid,” she whispered.
“我觉得很害怕，”她低声说。
2). He spoke in a whisper.
他低声说话。
[重点用法]
whisper 短语：
whisper sth. 小声说某事
whisper to sb. 小声对某人说
whisper sth. to sb. 小声对某人说某事
whisper to sb. that… 小声对某人说……
whisper that… 小声说……
It is whispered that… 据说……
[练习]
根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。
1). He whispered a word _______ (介词) my ear.
2). He whispered _______ (介词) her so that no one else would hear.
3). It _______ (whisper) that the firm is likely to go bankrupt.
Keys: 1). in 2). to 3). is whispered
四． 重点词组
1. badly off 过得很差；穷的；缺少的 [做表语或定语]
[典例]
1). They are too badly off to have a holiday.
他们贫困得根本谈不上度假。
2). We shouldn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) t complain about being poor --- many families are much worse off.
我们不应该因为穷而叫苦连天 —— 许多人的家境更糟。
[重点用法]
反义词：well off 过得很富；富的；富有的[做表语或定语]
[练习]
根据句子的意思翻译。
1). In the old days people ______ ______ ______ (过得很差).
2). Though he is al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ways wearing old clothes, he is ______ ______ ______ ______ (并不如你想
的那么穷) as you think.
3). In fact most pe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ople are _______ _______ _______ (要富裕) they were five yeas ago.
Keys: 1). were badly ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) off / were very poor 2). not as/so badly off 3). better off than

2. pick out 挑出；辨别出
[典例]
1). He picked out the ripest peach.
他把熟得最透的桃挑了出来。
2). The window frames ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are picked out in blue against the white walls.
蓝色的窗框衬在白墙上十分显眼。
[重点用法]
pick out sb./sth. from...... 从……中挑出/辨别出某人/物
pick up 捡起；让某人搭车；继续；摔倒后站起来；便宜地买到；接收(节目)；无意中学会
[练习]
根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的短语。
1). She _______ _______ _______ from thousands of applicants for the job.
2). We’ll _______ _______ where we finished yesterday.
3). She soon _______ _______ French when she went to live in France.
4). _______ _______ those books that you d like to read.
Keys: 1). was picked ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) out 2). pick up 3). picked up 4). Pick out
3. cut off 切断(供应等)；断绝(联系等)
[典例]
1). Our water supply has been cut off.
我们断水了。
2). If you don’t pay your gas bill soon you may be cut off.
你若不立即付清煤气费，就要停止向你供气。
[重点用法]
cut短语：
cut down 砍倒；削减
cut in 插嘴
cut up 切碎
cut sth in half/two把某物切割成两半
cut sth into halves/thirds/quarters/把某物切割成两半/三瓣/四瓣
[练习]
根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的cut短语或介词。
1). The village w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as ________ ________ from the outside world by the heavy snow for days.
2). She always ________ ________ when other people are talking.
3). I won’t have a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) cigarette, thanks --- I’m trying to ________ ________ on them.
4). He was asking 4 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )00 for the car, but we cut him down ________ (介词)￡350.
5). She ________ ________ the vegetables and then put them into the hot pot.
Keys: 1). cut ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) off 2). cuts in 3). cut down 4). to 5). cut up
4. star in 在……主演；担任主角
[典例]
She is to star in a new film.
她将主演一部新影片。
[重点用法]
star短语：
star sb (in sth.) 使某人担任主角；由某人主演
[练习]
根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的短语或介词。
1). Ben Kingsley ________ ________ the film “Gandhi”.
2). The director want ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed to star Michael Caine ________ (介词) his new film.
Keys: 1). starred in 2). in
五．重点句子
1. Not that Charlie’s own life was easy!
倒不是说查理自己的生活是轻松的。
[解释]
not that“并非，倒不是说”，用于句首或短语之前，表否定含义。如：
Who were you with last night Not that I care, of course.
你昨晚和谁在一起？当然我不计较。
[练习]
根据句子的意思翻译。
1). Kate had lost some ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) weight --- ______ ______ ______ ______(我倒不关心).
2). ______ ______ ______ ______ (我并不是说这个很要紧), but how did you spend the money I gave you
Keys: 1). not that I care 2). Not that it matters

2. You may fin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk.
你会觉得震惊，卓别林会讲话的时候就被教唱歌，会走路的时候就学跳舞。
[解释]
此句中it作形式宾语，that从 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句是真正的主语；astonishing是动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。如： It is hardly surprising that rumours continue to circulate.
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语结构中，宾语与 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )补足语有主动关系，表示“动作正在发生”，v-ing 可用在感官动词(see, notice, watch, look at, find, hear, listen to, feel, catch)和表示“致使”意义的动词(get, have, keep, leave)后作宾语补足语。
如：Can you smell anything burning in the kitchen
[练习]
用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). It’s not _______ (surprise) that you’re putting on weight, considering how much you’re eating.
2). I’m sorry to have kept you _______ (wait) for so long.
3). She caught them _______ (steal) her apples.
Keys: 1). surprising 2). waiting 3). stealing