新人教版高二英语选修七Unit 2 Robots 教案之语言点详解

新人教版高二英语
选修七第二单元
Robots
教案之
语言点详解
词汇详解：

一 词语辨析
1). desire/wish/hope/expect/want/long for
【解释】
desire属正式用语, 可代替wish 和want, 强调―主观愿望的热切性‖, 含有―强烈希望做某事‖的意思,
wish语气比desire弱, 一般用于―难以实现或不可能实现的愿望‖,指―希望‖、―愿‖、―想
hope表示实现的可能性较大的希望
expect侧重―期待，预期，指望‖
want多用于口语式普通场合, 指―想‖、―要‖或―需要‖, 表示―偏爱、选择‖或―需要、热爱
long for表―希望，渴望‖
【练习】
选择
desire/wish/hope/expect/want或long for并用其适当的形式填空
1) I _______ I could have a new car.
2) I _____ a dictionary at the present time.
3) He managed to get the book he ______ finally.
4) I ______ an immediate answer of yours
5) personally, our c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ity team has better players and I ______them to win
6) He has been workin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g abroad for years, and is _______ to come back and see his family very much.
Keys: 1)wish 2) want ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 3) desired 4) desire/expect/want 5) expect 6)longing
2). assess/access
【解释】
assess vt. 估定, 评定。
access n. 通路, 访问, 入门
【练习】
选择assess或access，并用其适当的形式填空
1) Damages in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the great earthquake were ______ at several hundred billion.
2) Only persons with a permit has ______to the restricted area;
Keys: 1) assessed 2) access
3) victory/success/conquest/triumph
【解释】
victory指―在战争、竞赛、斗争中获胜‖, 并有―击败对方或敌人‖的含义 success对预期的、计划的、尝试的事物的目标达到
conquest指―征服某国或某民族, 从而使之处于被支配地位的胜利或战胜
triumph指―辉煌或彻底的胜利或成功‖
【练习】
选择victory/success/conquest或triumph并用其适当的形式填空
1) They won a ______ in battle.
2) The general with his soldiers returned home in _______
3) After the seriou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s bomb, they succeeded in the ______ of that city.
4) The conference was a _______.
Keys: 1) victory 2) triumph 3) conquest 4) success
二 词性变化
1. satisfaction n.满意
satisfy v.使满意
satisfying adj.令人满足的
satisfied adj.感到满意的
2. alarmed adj.感到惊吓的
alarm n.警报 vt. 恐吓, 警告
3.declare v.断言，宣称
declaration n.宣布，宣言，声明
【练习】
根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空
1) We had a ______ meal together last Sunday. All the guests are very ______.(satisfaction)
2) I was sleeping ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) soundly in the early morning when a telephone _______ me awake. I was even ______to hear the ______ news that another bombing had hit London.(alarm)
3) What ______ the wom ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en most was that when they were talking about the _______ new about the girl, she became so _______ that she ran away as soon as she heard this.(embarrass)
4) The newly- ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )elected president _______ his support for the terrorists. He must be responsible for his______. (declare)
5) He ______ to his friends why he was late but none of them thought his _______ believable.(explain)
keys:1. satisfying; ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) satisfied 2. alarmed; alarmed; alarming 3. embarrassed; embarrassing; embarrassed 4. declared; declaration 5. explained; explanation
三 重点词汇
1. desire n.渴望 vt.想要
[重点用法]
desire sth.渴望得到某物
desire to do sth.希望/渴望做某事
desire that sb.(should) do要求……
have a desire for sth./to do sth.渴望得到某物/希望做某事
at one’s desire照某人的希望
[典例]
1) We all desire happiness and health.
我们都希望幸福健康。
2) Everyone has a d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )esire for success, but no everyone desire to get rich.
每个人都渴望成功，但并非人人都渴望金钱。
3) He desires you to go to see him at once.
他要求你马上去见他。
=he desires that you should go to see him at once.
[练习]
汉译英
1) 他想受到大学教育。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2) 他们要我快点回来。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3) 我请他立即回信。
_______________________________________________________________________________4) 她要你立即见她。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 5) 她应邀演奏了一曲。
Keys: 1)He desired a college education.
2) They desire me to return soon.
3) I desire an immediate answer of his.
4) She desires that you (should) see her at once.
5)She played a piece at others’ desire/by desire.
2. satisfaction n.满意
[重点用法]
satisfactory adj. 满意的
satisfy v. 满足, 使满意,
demand satisfaction要求赔偿;
feel satisfaction at ... 对感到满意
find satisfaction in对...感到满意
to sb.'s satisfaction (to the satisfaction of sb.)达到使某人满意的程度
with satisfaction满意地
[典例]
1) At last, the whole class found satisfaction in their work.
最终,全班都对他们的工作感到满意。
2) What he promised could not satisfy his family.他的许诺并未能使他的家人满意。
[练习]
汉译英
1) 买到想要的东西，她满意地离开了超市。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2) 他的试验结果似乎令人满意。
_______________________________________________________________________________3) 这些条件中你至少要符合一项，否则就不能成为本俱乐部的会员。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) Havin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g bought what she wanted, she left the supermarket with satisfaction.
2) The result of his test seemed to be satisfactory.
3)If you don’t sati ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sfy at least one of the conditions, you can’t become a member of our club.
3. alarm n.警报 vt.使```惊恐
[重点用法]
give /raise the alarm发警报
ring the alarm敲警钟
sound the alarm发警报; 吹警报号
take (the) alarm at对...感到吃惊; 因...而惊恐
be alarmed at ... 被...吓一跳
[典例]
1) We were much alarmed by the fire in the forest.
森林失火使我们大为惊慌。
2) As soon as he saw the smoke, he sounded the alarm.
看见火灾爆发，他鸣响了警报。
[练习]
汉译英
1) 看到孩子们在返校时遭遇车祸的消息， 家长们感到很害怕。
_______________________________________________________________________________2）看到大火，社区的居民发出警报。
_______________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1) The parents took the alarm at the news that their children caught a traffic accidence when retuning the school.
2) The residents in th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e community raised the alarm when seeing the great fire.
4. sympathy n.同情 [重点用法]
feel /have sympathy for 同情某人
in sympathy with同情; 赞成; 和...一致
out of sympathy wi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )th对...不同情; 不赞成; 对...没有同感, 和...不一致 win sympathy of博得...的同情 [典例]
1) He gave the poor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) child some money out of sympathy.出于同情，他给了这个穷孩子一点钱。 2) He is in sympathy with their beliefs. 他与他们的信仰一致. [练习] 汉译英
1) 听完这个故事，他对她目前的情况深感同情。
___________________________________________________________________________________ 2) 通过描述他悲惨的童年，他赢得路人的同情。
___________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1)After hearing the story, he felt sympathy for her present situation. 2) He won the sympathy of passers-by by describing his miserable childhood.
5. accompany vt.陪伴 [重点用法]
accompany sb. to a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) place陪伴某人去某地 accompany sth. with/by sth. 与…同时存在 [典例]
1) He accompanied h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is old father to the hospital to see what’s wrong with his stomach.他陪他的老父亲去医院查看胃部出了什么问题。
2) Thunders ac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )companied by heavy rain in this season are very common.这个季节，雷鸣常常伴有大雨。[练习] 汉译英
1) 总统出现了被六个健壮的保镖护随着。
___________________________________________________________________________________ 2) 回到家乡，他的老同学们陪着他参观了这个城市。
___________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1)The president appeared and was accompanied by six strong bodyguards. 2) When retuning hometown, he was shown around the city accompanied by his old classmates.
6. declare vt.宣布 [重点用法]
declare sth.宣布……
declare sb./sth. (to be) +n./adj.宣布……为…… declare that
declare war on/upon对…宣战
declare against/for…声明反对/赞成 [典例]
1) She declared that she didn't want to see him again. 她宣称她再也不愿见到他。
2) Soon they will decl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are him the owner of the house.很快他们就会宣布他为房子的主人。 3) The government passed a law that declared it illegal to catch and sell this kind of animals. 政府通过法律宣布捕捉贩卖这种动物是非法的。 [练习] 汉译英
1) 那个女明星最近宣称要嫁给一个富人然后退出舞台。
___________________________________________________________________________________ 2) 公司宣布老板的儿子依法成为公司继承人。
___________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1) The popular actress declared recently that she would marry a rich gentleman and retire from the stage. 2) The company declared the son of the boss to be the successor by law.

7. envy vt.嫉妒
[重点用法]
envy sb. sth.妒忌/羡慕某人某物
become the envy of sb.成为令人嫉妒/羡慕的事物
be in envy of one’s success羡慕某人的成功
out of envy出于嫉妒/羡慕
[典例]
1) All her workmates envied her (for) her promotion.
所有的同事都羡慕她的晋升。
2) His talent for music becomes the envy of the other competitors.
他在音乐方面的天分让其他人对手感到羡慕。
[练习]
汉译英
1) 他们的新房子受到邻居的羡慕。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2) 出于妒忌，他作了伪证
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1)Their new house made them the envy of their neighbors.
2)He made the fault witness out of envy.
四 重点词组
1. test out 考验；试验
[典例]
1) This model had been tested out before it was put into production.
这个型号经过试验后才进行大批量生产。
2) Before the lectu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re, the professor is used to testing out the whole experiment.
上课前，这个教授习惯先将整个实验试验一番。
[短语归纳]
test on sb./sth.在……(身上)做实验/试验
have/take a test in 参加……考试
[练习]
汉译英
1) 成千上万的人们将参加这周日的公务员考试。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2) 那个咨询顾问习惯先将新的政策在他自己的公司里进行实验。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) Tens of t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )housands of people will take an entrance test for government officers this Sunday.
2) The consultant ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) would test the new policy on his own company first.
2. ring up 打电话给……
[短语归纳]
ring back回电话
ring off 挂断电话;停止讲话
ring a bell唤醒经常是模糊的记忆
ring up the curtain 开始：开始一场演出，一个事件或一次行动
[典例]
1) I have to ring off now because my friend is waiting for me.
我朋友在等我，我得挂电话了。
2) On arriving at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the airport, he rang up his mother to say everything was ok.
一到达机场，他就打电话给他母亲报平安。
[练习]
汉译英
1) 今早他刚起床就有人给他打电话了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2) 见到老板进来，他赶紧挂断电话假装在工作。
_______________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1) The moment he got up this morning , someone rang him up.
2) Seeing his bos ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s coming, he hurried to ring off and pretended to be working.
3. turn around 转向
[典例]
1) He heard a voice but when he turned around, he saw nobody.
他听到声音，但转身却没发现有人。
2) As he wal ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ked towards the hotel, he suddenly turned around and found an old lady following him.
当他朝旅馆走去时，突然转身发现一个老妇人跟着他。
[短语归纳]
turn away把(脸)转过去
turn against背叛,反抗
turn on/off打开/关掉
turn up出现/调大(音量)
turn down拒绝,调小(音量)
turn out结果是;证明是;
[练习]
汉译英
1) 那年轻的女士无法想象要是她的丈夫背叛她的话会是怎么样。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2) 虽然贫穷，但是女孩毅然地拒绝了别人的帮助。
_______________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1) The young lady cannot imagine what if her husband turns against her.
2) Though poor, the girl turned down others’ help firmly.
4. leave…alone 不打扰
[短语归纳]
leave behind留下,遗留
leave aside(把某事)搁置一边
leave for出发前往
leave out省去,遗漏,不考虑
[典例]
1) Leave him alone and he will produce.
别打扰他，他会写出来的。
2) He was asked to leave for another city in 24 hours.
他被要求24小时内离开到另一个城市去。
3) The teacher re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )quired us to leave out some unnecessary words in our essays.
老师让我们将论文中不必要的词语省去。
4) You should ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n’t have left Andy alone in the mountains; it was very dangerous.
你不该将Andy留在山上，因为那非常危险。
[练习]
汉译英
1) 老板捐款潜逃了，只留下一间空厂房。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2) 听到警报，警察丢下家人冲出去看发生了什么事。
_______________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1) The boss escaped with all his fortune and left an empty factory behind.
2) Hearing the ala ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rm, the policeman left his family behind and rushed out to see what happened.
5. set aside 将……放在一边;节省或保留(时间,金钱)
[短语归纳]
set down写下,记下
set off开始动身(for a place)
set up创立，建立，搭起
set out出发，着手做某事（to do sth.）
set about doing 着手做，开始做……
[典例]
1) Would you please set aside some time to listen to my real idea
你可以腾出点时间听听我的想法吗
2) The depa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rtment set aside the things they were doing and concentrated on a more urgent task.这个部门的成员放下手头的事情,全力以赴一项更紧急的任务.
[练习]
汉译英
1) 父亲放下报纸点了一支烟。
_______________________________________________________________________________2) 他努力工作省下钱给他儿子上大学。
_______________________________________________________________________________Keys: 1) Father set aside the newspaper and lit a cigarette.
2) He is working ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rd to set aside some money for his son to go to college.
6. be bound to 一定做……
[典例]
1) We missed the bus. We're bound to be late.
我们错过了那趟车，我们肯定要迟到了。
2) She's bound to be mayor.
她注定会成为市长。
[练习]
汉译英
1）他那么用功，一定会成功的。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2）这项新发现对于人类必定大有用处。
_______________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1) With much hard work, he is bound to succeed.
2) The new discovery is bound to be of great service to mankind.
五 重点句子
1. Claire didn’t want ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks, but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn’t harm her or allow her to be harmed.
克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里，特别是在她丈夫离加三周的这个期间。但是，克莱尔被拉里说服了。他说，机器人不会伤害她，也不会让别人来伤害她。
[解释]
to be harmed：动词不定式的被动语态。
[典例]
1) All these gi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fts must be mailed immediately so as to be received in time for Christmas.
所有的这些礼物必须及时邮寄，以便在圣诞节及时收到。
2) It remains to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )be seen whether Jim’ll be fit enough to play in the finals.
吉姆最后是否适合演出仍将拭目以待。
[练习]
汉译英
1) 小汤姆假装被射中了哭喊着要糖吃。
2) 此药得一日三次，饭后服用。
______________________________________________
_____________________________________
Keys: 1)Little Tom pretended to be shot and cried for a candy.
2) The medicin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e is required to be taken three times a day after meals.
2. As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.
当他转过身时，（她发现）Gladys站在那儿。
[解释]
there stood Gladys Cla ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ffern倒装句。在谓语为动词go, come, run, stand, live等表示位置转移的动词及be动词的句子中,为了强调句子中一些副词there, here, up, down, in, out, away等，可将副词置于句首，若这时主语是名词，句子用全倒装；若是代词，则不用倒装。
[典例]
1) There comes the teacher and her students.
老师和她的学生们来了。
2) Out rushed the boys.
男孩们冲了出去。
[练习]
汉译英
1) 年轻的母亲抱着手里两个月大的婴儿跑开了。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 2) 走进来了生气的老板和他的秘书。
_______________________________________________________________________________Keys: 1) Away ran the mother with a two-month-old baby in her arms.
2) In came the angry boss and his secretary.
3. Asimov began ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) having stories published in science fiction magazines in 1939.
1939年，阿西莫夫开始在科幻杂志上发表文章。
[解释]
have sth. done 表示―请某人做某事‖，或―遭遇到某事‖(宾语与宾补为被动关系)
have sb. do让某人做……
have sb./sth. doing让……不停地做……
[典例]
1) We had our photo taken by a passer-by.
我们请了个过路人给我们照相。
2) Be careful. It’s ea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sy to have your pocket picked in a crowd like this.
小心点，在这样的人群中容易被偷。
3) The coach has us doing the same thing all day. It’s boring.
教练让我们整天做同样的事情，真乏味
4) As you ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve never been there before, I’ll have someone show you the way.
既然你以前没去过，那我找人带你去。
[练习]
汉译英
1) 与对手角逐时，他大腿受伤了不得不放弃比赛。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 2) 残忍的老板让他的工人们整天工作。
_______________________________________________________________________________3) 班主任让班长他不在时管理班级。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys:
1) When strugglin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g with the competitor, he had his leg broken and had to give up the match.
2) The cruel boss had his employees working all the morning.
3) The head teach ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er had the monitor manage the whole class when he was absence.