新人教版高一英语必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes 教案之语言点详解
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| 名称 | 新人教版高一英语必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes 教案之语言点详解 |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2014-04-21 17:31:52 | ||
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新人教版高一英语
必修一第四单元
E a r t h q u a k e s
教案之
语言点详解
一．词汇详解：
1、In the city,the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst .
（1）爆裂, 爆发, 突然破裂
The red balloon suddenly burst.
那个红色的气球突然爆了。
(2)猛冲；突然出现
He burst into the room without knocking.
【拓展】
burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑
burst into tears = burst out crying 突然大哭
2、It seemed as if the world was at an end!
【短语归纳】
与end搭配的常用短语：
come to an end vi.结束（用作谓语）
bring/put sth.to an end vt.结束；制止
at the end of在…尽头（末）（指时间或空间）
by the end of到…末为止（现在完成时连用）
by the end of last...（与过去完成时连用）
by the end of next...（用于将来完成时）
in the end最后，终于（作状语）
on end连续
to the end到底
without end没完没了的
【随堂练习】
用at the end of, by the end of 和 in the end填空。
（1）How many English words have you learned ____________ last term
（2）He became an outstanding doctor ___________.
（3）My uncle will fly to China _________ this year.
Key: 1) by the end of;2)in the end;3)at the end of
4.、In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.
（1）n. 残垣断壁；废墟（名词时常用复数）
The city lay in ruins after years of bombing.
（2）v. 毁灭；使破产
The hurricane ruined all the houses here.
【拓展】
be in ruins 呈一片废墟
fall into ruin 变成废墟
come to ruin 毁灭，落空
ruin oneself 自我毁灭
bring sb. to ruin 使毁灭
【辨析】ruin，destroy，damage，break与spoil
ruin :一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次性打击的结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。
The bad weather ruined our trip.
destroy :表示在肉体上、精神上或道义上的彻底摧毁，使之无法恢复，也可以表示对某物体进行完全的毁坏。
What he said destroyed our last hope.
damage :一般指对物体或生命的局 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )部损伤，使整体的价值或作用降低或变得无价值、无作用。这种损伤可以是暴力的或一次性破坏的结果，也可以指非暴力的长期损害的结果。
The earthquake caused great damage.
break : 一般指“破坏，打破，打碎” ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的意思。它表示的范围极广，程度也不一。可用于有形的东西，如石头、玻璃、瓷器等，也可用于无形、抽象的东西，如法律、沉默、魔力、习惯等。
She didn't break the rules.
spoil :破坏，糟蹋，其重点在于破坏事物原先的结构、和谐性，使事物不再具有原先的特点，宾语常是景致、食欲、计划等。
The apples spoiled.
5、Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.
【辨析】injury，hurt，harm与wound
injury :多指意外事故受伤。比hurt正式，hurt多指伤痛，而injure则指损害健康、成就、容貌等，强调功能的损失。
A bullet injured his lefgt eye.
hurt :既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )上、感情上的伤害；作不及物动词，意为“（身体某部位）疼痛”。指肉体上的伤害时，hurt可与badly,slightly,seriously等连用，但若指精神上的创伤，只能说very much/rather/deeply hurt。
He hurt her feelings.
harm :用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可，有时可指引起不安或不便。还可用于抽象事物，尤其指不道德的事情。
Smoking harmed his health.
wound :指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出血的、严重的伤，尤指在战场上受伤。
He had a bullet wound in his chest.
6、Some of the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
(1) n.援救，营救
The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river.
（2）v. 救援；拯救
He rescued a boy from drowning.
【拓展】
rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp. 把···从···营救出来
come to/ go to sb’s rescue = rescue sb. 援救某人
a rescue team 救援队 a rescue mission 救援任务
rescue workers 救援人员
【随堂练习】
用rescue的适当形式填空
（1）The mother, alon ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g with her two children, _________from the sinking boat by a passing ship.
（2）The firemen __ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______ five children from the burning house yesterday.
Key:1)was rescued;2)rescued
7、… that hot water give out .
（1）分发；发出
Students wer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e giving out leaflets to everyone in the street.
The red radiator gives out a lot of heat.
（2）用尽
My money will give out soon.
【归纳总结】
give out分发；发出；用尽
give sth.away赠送；颁发；泄露
give back归还；恢复
give in呈上；投降，屈服，认输
give off发出，放出
give over停止，中止
give up放弃
give on to/onto sth.朝向，面向；通向
8、Your speech was heard by a group of five jueges,all of whom
agreed that it was the best one this year.
(1) n.裁判员；法官；审判员
His father used to be a judge.
他的父亲过去是一名法官。
(2) v. 判断；断定
Don’t judge a man by his looks.
不要以貌取人。
【拓展】
judge sb./ sth. by/from 通过…判断…
as far as I judge 我认为…
judging from… 从…来看， 根据…判断
【随堂练习】
用与judge相关的词汇填空
（1）______his appearance, he must be a rich man.
（2）_______ , he must be from the south.
Key:1)Judging from;2)As far as I judge
9、right away毫不迟疑，立刻
He is ill; you should call in the doctor right away.
他病了, 你应该立即请大夫来。
10、 under the weight of
在..重压下，迫于
11. in the open air 在户外，在野外，露天
in the air 在空中，悬而未决
12. take turns to do sth依次，轮流做某事
in turn 依次地，轮流地
It is your turn now.
现在轮到你了。
No one is allowed to get his ticket out of turn.
任何人都不准不按次序买票。
13. be shocked at 对..感到震惊
14. be proud of 以..为自豪
15. express one’s thanks to sb /for sth… 对/因..表示感谢
16. without warning 毫无预兆
17. next to紧接着，相邻，次于
18. get away from… 避免，摆脱，离开
19. disarster-hit areas灾区
20. raise money 募捐，筹款
21. hold up举起；托住；支撑；使停滞;耽搁；提出；阻挡；列举，推举；(理论等)经得住
Women can hold up half of the sky.
妇女能顶半边天。
22. make up弥补, 虚构, 缝制, 整理, 包装, 和解, 编辑, 化妆,补足,拼凑
Farm workers make up only a small section of the population.
农民只占人口的一小部分.
The boy made up a story; it was not true.
男孩编了个故事，这故事不是真的。
23. be fixed to..被固定到..
24. be tied to .. 被绑在..
二．重点句型：
1.Now imagine there has been a big earthquake.
现在，假设有一次大地震。
“There +be +主语+其它成分”结构中there为引导词，本身无意义，谓语动词按照就近一致原则。
其它相似句型还有：
There happen to be 碰巧有
There seems/appears to be 好像有
There is likely to be 可能有
There may/might be 也许有
There must be 一定有
There can’t be 不可能有
There is said/reported to be 据说/据报道有
There used to be 曾经有
There is sure/certain to be 一定有
2. happen to.
It (so) happened that…
Did you hear what happened to David last night
你听说大卫昨天晚上发生什么事了吗
What will happen to the children if Peter and Alice break up
如果彼得和爱丽丝离婚孩子们将怎么办
I happened to see Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday.
昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。
It so happened that I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )saw Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday.
昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。
I happened to be out when he called.
他来访时，恰巧我出去了。
(= It happened that I was out when he called.)
I happened on just the thing I had been looking for.
我偶然发现了我所要找的东西。
3. A smelly gas came out of the cracks.
裂缝里冒出臭气。
4. In the far ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )myards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
农家大院里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得不想吃食。
5. But the o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ne million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.
但是，这个城市的一百万居民都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。
6. It seemed as if the world was at an end.
世界似乎到了末日。
从句表示“(在某人)看来好像；似乎”
It seems/looks/appears as if/though..看起来好像..
Sb./Sth. looks as if/though..(不用seem/appear)
There seems/appears(to be)..(不用 look)
There appears to have been a mistake.
=It appears that there has been a mistake.
④ It seems so. =So it seems.看来似乎是这样。
7. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.
在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沦落为一片废墟之中。
8. Two-thirds of them died or injured during the earthquake.
三人之二的人在地震中死去或受伤。
9. The number of pe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ople who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.
死伤的人数达到40多万。
Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
有些医生和救援人员被困在废墟下面。
10. All hope was not lost.
不是所有的希望都破灭了。
该句为部分否定。
All, both, everyone ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), everybody, everything 以及every+名词都表示全部肯定；但当not 在它们之前或之后都表示部分否定。
no one, none nobody, nothing, not..any, 以及 no+名词都表示全部否定。如：
① Both of them haven’t read this story.
并非他们二人都看过这个故事。
② All of the boys ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) are clever, but none of them can work out this problem.
这些男孩都很聪明，但没有一个人能解出这道题。
③ All bamboo doesn’t grow tall.=Not all bamboo grows tall.
并非所有的竹子都长的高。
12. Workers built sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )elters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。
13.Listening to E ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nglish is a very important skill because it is only when we understand what is said to us that we can have a conversation with somebody.
听英语是一项很重要的技能，因为只有当我们懂得别人给我们说什么我们才能与他交谈。
14. It is believed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that on the surface of the earth are a number of plates.
人们认为地球表面是一些板块。
15. The judge g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave a prize and his congratulations to the cyclist who won the competition.
裁判把奖金颁给赢得比赛的自行车选手，并向他祝贺。
16. The miners who ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )had been trapped in the mine for two days were finally rescued.
被困在煤矿里两天的矿工们最后得到了营救。
17. The reporter reco ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gnized that the girl who was so frightened was trying to avoid the question.
记者意识到女孩很害怕，而且尽力地回避问题。
18. The big fi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re destroyed two shops which are about four blocks from here.
大火摧毁了离这儿四个街区的两个商店。
19. I can’t express how I am feeling at the moment.
我无法表达我现在的感觉。
20. It is said but ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )true that people die in earthquakes from falling furniture and bricks.
据说但是真实的，在地震中人们死于倒落的家具和砖块。
必修一第四单元
E a r t h q u a k e s
教案之
语言点详解
一．词汇详解：
1、In the city,the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst .
（1）爆裂, 爆发, 突然破裂
The red balloon suddenly burst.
那个红色的气球突然爆了。
(2)猛冲；突然出现
He burst into the room without knocking.
【拓展】
burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑
burst into tears = burst out crying 突然大哭
2、It seemed as if the world was at an end!
【短语归纳】
与end搭配的常用短语：
come to an end vi.结束（用作谓语）
bring/put sth.to an end vt.结束；制止
at the end of在…尽头（末）（指时间或空间）
by the end of到…末为止（现在完成时连用）
by the end of last...（与过去完成时连用）
by the end of next...（用于将来完成时）
in the end最后，终于（作状语）
on end连续
to the end到底
without end没完没了的
【随堂练习】
用at the end of, by the end of 和 in the end填空。
（1）How many English words have you learned ____________ last term
（2）He became an outstanding doctor ___________.
（3）My uncle will fly to China _________ this year.
Key: 1) by the end of;2)in the end;3)at the end of
4.、In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.
（1）n. 残垣断壁；废墟（名词时常用复数）
The city lay in ruins after years of bombing.
（2）v. 毁灭；使破产
The hurricane ruined all the houses here.
【拓展】
be in ruins 呈一片废墟
fall into ruin 变成废墟
come to ruin 毁灭，落空
ruin oneself 自我毁灭
bring sb. to ruin 使毁灭
【辨析】ruin，destroy，damage，break与spoil
ruin :一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次性打击的结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。
The bad weather ruined our trip.
destroy :表示在肉体上、精神上或道义上的彻底摧毁，使之无法恢复，也可以表示对某物体进行完全的毁坏。
What he said destroyed our last hope.
damage :一般指对物体或生命的局 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )部损伤，使整体的价值或作用降低或变得无价值、无作用。这种损伤可以是暴力的或一次性破坏的结果，也可以指非暴力的长期损害的结果。
The earthquake caused great damage.
break : 一般指“破坏，打破，打碎” ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的意思。它表示的范围极广，程度也不一。可用于有形的东西，如石头、玻璃、瓷器等，也可用于无形、抽象的东西，如法律、沉默、魔力、习惯等。
She didn't break the rules.
spoil :破坏，糟蹋，其重点在于破坏事物原先的结构、和谐性，使事物不再具有原先的特点，宾语常是景致、食欲、计划等。
The apples spoiled.
5、Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.
【辨析】injury，hurt，harm与wound
injury :多指意外事故受伤。比hurt正式，hurt多指伤痛，而injure则指损害健康、成就、容貌等，强调功能的损失。
A bullet injured his lefgt eye.
hurt :既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )上、感情上的伤害；作不及物动词，意为“（身体某部位）疼痛”。指肉体上的伤害时，hurt可与badly,slightly,seriously等连用，但若指精神上的创伤，只能说very much/rather/deeply hurt。
He hurt her feelings.
harm :用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可，有时可指引起不安或不便。还可用于抽象事物，尤其指不道德的事情。
Smoking harmed his health.
wound :指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出血的、严重的伤，尤指在战场上受伤。
He had a bullet wound in his chest.
6、Some of the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
(1) n.援救，营救
The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river.
（2）v. 救援；拯救
He rescued a boy from drowning.
【拓展】
rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp. 把···从···营救出来
come to/ go to sb’s rescue = rescue sb. 援救某人
a rescue team 救援队 a rescue mission 救援任务
rescue workers 救援人员
【随堂练习】
用rescue的适当形式填空
（1）The mother, alon ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g with her two children, _________from the sinking boat by a passing ship.
（2）The firemen __ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______ five children from the burning house yesterday.
Key:1)was rescued;2)rescued
7、… that hot water give out .
（1）分发；发出
Students wer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e giving out leaflets to everyone in the street.
The red radiator gives out a lot of heat.
（2）用尽
My money will give out soon.
【归纳总结】
give out分发；发出；用尽
give sth.away赠送；颁发；泄露
give back归还；恢复
give in呈上；投降，屈服，认输
give off发出，放出
give over停止，中止
give up放弃
give on to/onto sth.朝向，面向；通向
8、Your speech was heard by a group of five jueges,all of whom
agreed that it was the best one this year.
(1) n.裁判员；法官；审判员
His father used to be a judge.
他的父亲过去是一名法官。
(2) v. 判断；断定
Don’t judge a man by his looks.
不要以貌取人。
【拓展】
judge sb./ sth. by/from 通过…判断…
as far as I judge 我认为…
judging from… 从…来看， 根据…判断
【随堂练习】
用与judge相关的词汇填空
（1）______his appearance, he must be a rich man.
（2）_______ , he must be from the south.
Key:1)Judging from;2)As far as I judge
9、right away毫不迟疑，立刻
He is ill; you should call in the doctor right away.
他病了, 你应该立即请大夫来。
10、 under the weight of
在..重压下，迫于
11. in the open air 在户外，在野外，露天
in the air 在空中，悬而未决
12. take turns to do sth依次，轮流做某事
in turn 依次地，轮流地
It is your turn now.
现在轮到你了。
No one is allowed to get his ticket out of turn.
任何人都不准不按次序买票。
13. be shocked at 对..感到震惊
14. be proud of 以..为自豪
15. express one’s thanks to sb /for sth… 对/因..表示感谢
16. without warning 毫无预兆
17. next to紧接着，相邻，次于
18. get away from… 避免，摆脱，离开
19. disarster-hit areas灾区
20. raise money 募捐，筹款
21. hold up举起；托住；支撑；使停滞;耽搁；提出；阻挡；列举，推举；(理论等)经得住
Women can hold up half of the sky.
妇女能顶半边天。
22. make up弥补, 虚构, 缝制, 整理, 包装, 和解, 编辑, 化妆,补足,拼凑
Farm workers make up only a small section of the population.
农民只占人口的一小部分.
The boy made up a story; it was not true.
男孩编了个故事，这故事不是真的。
23. be fixed to..被固定到..
24. be tied to .. 被绑在..
二．重点句型：
1.Now imagine there has been a big earthquake.
现在，假设有一次大地震。
“There +be +主语+其它成分”结构中there为引导词，本身无意义，谓语动词按照就近一致原则。
其它相似句型还有：
There happen to be 碰巧有
There seems/appears to be 好像有
There is likely to be 可能有
There may/might be 也许有
There must be 一定有
There can’t be 不可能有
There is said/reported to be 据说/据报道有
There used to be 曾经有
There is sure/certain to be 一定有
2. happen to.
It (so) happened that…
Did you hear what happened to David last night
你听说大卫昨天晚上发生什么事了吗
What will happen to the children if Peter and Alice break up
如果彼得和爱丽丝离婚孩子们将怎么办
I happened to see Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday.
昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。
It so happened that I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )saw Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday.
昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。
I happened to be out when he called.
他来访时，恰巧我出去了。
(= It happened that I was out when he called.)
I happened on just the thing I had been looking for.
我偶然发现了我所要找的东西。
3. A smelly gas came out of the cracks.
裂缝里冒出臭气。
4. In the far ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )myards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
农家大院里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得不想吃食。
5. But the o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ne million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.
但是，这个城市的一百万居民都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。
6. It seemed as if the world was at an end.
世界似乎到了末日。
从句表示“(在某人)看来好像；似乎”
It seems/looks/appears as if/though..看起来好像..
Sb./Sth. looks as if/though..(不用seem/appear)
There seems/appears(to be)..(不用 look)
There appears to have been a mistake.
=It appears that there has been a mistake.
④ It seems so. =So it seems.看来似乎是这样。
7. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.
在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沦落为一片废墟之中。
8. Two-thirds of them died or injured during the earthquake.
三人之二的人在地震中死去或受伤。
9. The number of pe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ople who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.
死伤的人数达到40多万。
Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
有些医生和救援人员被困在废墟下面。
10. All hope was not lost.
不是所有的希望都破灭了。
该句为部分否定。
All, both, everyone ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), everybody, everything 以及every+名词都表示全部肯定；但当not 在它们之前或之后都表示部分否定。
no one, none nobody, nothing, not..any, 以及 no+名词都表示全部否定。如：
① Both of them haven’t read this story.
并非他们二人都看过这个故事。
② All of the boys ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) are clever, but none of them can work out this problem.
这些男孩都很聪明，但没有一个人能解出这道题。
③ All bamboo doesn’t grow tall.=Not all bamboo grows tall.
并非所有的竹子都长的高。
12. Workers built sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )elters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。
13.Listening to E ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nglish is a very important skill because it is only when we understand what is said to us that we can have a conversation with somebody.
听英语是一项很重要的技能，因为只有当我们懂得别人给我们说什么我们才能与他交谈。
14. It is believed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that on the surface of the earth are a number of plates.
人们认为地球表面是一些板块。
15. The judge g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave a prize and his congratulations to the cyclist who won the competition.
裁判把奖金颁给赢得比赛的自行车选手，并向他祝贺。
16. The miners who ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )had been trapped in the mine for two days were finally rescued.
被困在煤矿里两天的矿工们最后得到了营救。
17. The reporter reco ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gnized that the girl who was so frightened was trying to avoid the question.
记者意识到女孩很害怕，而且尽力地回避问题。
18. The big fi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re destroyed two shops which are about four blocks from here.
大火摧毁了离这儿四个街区的两个商店。
19. I can’t express how I am feeling at the moment.
我无法表达我现在的感觉。
20. It is said but ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )true that people die in earthquakes from falling furniture and bricks.
据说但是真实的，在地震中人们死于倒落的家具和砖块。