高三英语参考答案
1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者人生中第一次独自旅行给作者带来的改变，它改变了作者的人生轨迹。
1细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Once I’d saved up enough money, I decided it was the perfect opportunity to travel by myself for the first time in my life.(一旦我攒够了钱，我就觉得这是人生中第一次独自旅行的绝佳机会。)”以及文章第二段“I had never traveled alone before,so I decided to sign up for a guided group that was going to Thailand.(以前从来没有独自旅行过，所以我决定报名参加一个去泰国的导游团。)”可知，对作者而言，泰国之旅的独特之处在于这是作者第一次独自旅游。故选D。
2细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I had never traveled alone before, so I decided to sign up for a guided group that was going to Thailand.(以前从来没有独自旅行过，所以我决定报名参加一个去泰国的导游团。)”可知，作者是报名参加了一个导游团。也就是说，这次旅游是有导游的。故选A。
3细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The time I spent in Thailand finding my way around airports and taxis alone, meeting a group of strangers, and doing rock climbing with them in often remote parts of the country, ended up being one of the greatest experiences of my life.(在泰国的那段时间，我独自一人在机场和出租车上摸索道路，遇到一群陌生人，和他们一起在泰国的偏远的地方攀岩，这最终成为我生命中最伟大的经历之一。)”可知，作者在旅行中练习了攀岩。故选B。
4推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Up until this point I had always been shy and very careful to avoid danger and mistakes, but this travel experience inspired me to become different. It showed me a brave, strong, and independent side of myself that went on to influence my life greatly when I returned home.(在此之前，我一直很害羞，非常小心地避免危险和错误，但这次旅行的经历启发我变得不同。它向我展示了我勇敢、坚强和独立的一面，这对我回家后的生活产生了很大的影响。)”以及第四段“When I got back, I pretty much dedicated my life to spending as much time as possible doing activities like climbing, hiking, or backpacking especially things that I once thought I wasn’t “capable of” or was “too scared of Today, about 6 years later, I’m an outdoor empowerment coach and backpacking educator.(当我回来的时候，我几乎把我的生活投入到尽可能多的活动上，比如爬山、徒步旅行或背包旅行，尤其是那些我曾经认为我“不能够”或“太害怕”的事情。今天，大约6年后，我是一名户外赋权教练和背包旅行教育者。)”可推断，作者从以前的有些害羞，变成了今天勇敢的、喜欢户外运动的人。故选C。
5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章阐述了科学家们的实验发现：人在承受压力时会释放与平时不同的气味，狗能嗅出这种气味。
5细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一、二句“All day long, our bodies go through changes and produce different chemicals. They come out in our breath and sweat, slightly changing the way we smell. (一整天，我们的身体都在经历变化，产生不同的化学物质。它们从我们的呼吸和汗水中释放出来，略微改变了我们的气味。)”可知我们的呼吸和汗液中含有化学物质。故选B。
6推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“They got samples when the people were calm and when they were stressed.(他们分别在受试者平静和紧张时抽取样本。)”可知研究人员采集了人们在平静和紧张两种状态下的样本；根据文章第三段第一句“The calm part was easy.(平静的部分很容易。)”可知本段是介绍研究人员采集人们平静状态下的样本；根据文章第四段“Then the scientists asked a really difficult math problem, and forced people to do it in their heads quickly. They kept telling the people to hurry up, and didn’t give them any help. That lasted for three minutes. Then the researchers collected two more sweat and breath samples. They also asked the people about their level of stress, and measured their heart rates and blood pressure. Most people said they felt very stressed. (然后，科学家们问了一个非常难的数学问题，并强迫人们快速在脑海中做。他们不停地叫人们快点，却不给他们任何帮助。这种情况持续了三分钟。然后，研究人员又收集了两个汗液和呼吸样本。他们还询问了这些人的压力水平，并测量了他们的心率和血压。大多数人说他们感到压力很大。)”结合文章结构分析可知科学家们那三分钟的行为目的是给人们施加压力，以获取人们在压力状态下的样本。故选A。
7推理判断题。根据文章第五段第二句到段末“ Then came the challenge: the dogs had three choices: a sample from a calm person, a stressed sample from that same person, and a clean piece of cloth. In all, the dogs did 720 of these tests. They correctly identified the stressed sample about 94% of the time. (接下来的是挑战：它们有三个选择——来自冷静的人的样本，来自同一个人的压力样本和一块干净的布。这些狗总共做了720个这样的测试，它们对压力样本的正确识别率是大约94%。)”以及最后一段第一句“The results make it clear that stress does have a smell that dogs can detect. (研究结果清楚地表明，压力确实有狗能察觉到的气味。)”可以推断，文章第五段中的数字主要是为了说明狗狗们很好地完成了挑战。故选C。
8主旨大意题。根据第一段“People have long known that dogs have a great sense of smell. But scientists weren’t sure whether stressed people had a special smell. And if they did, they weren’t sure whether dogs could detect that smell.(人们早就知道狗有很好的嗅觉。但科学家们不确定压力大的人是否有一种特殊的气味。即使他们有特殊气味，他们也不确定狗是否能嗅到这种气味。)”以及下文针对此问题所做的实验以及获得的实验结果“The results make it clear that stress does have a smell that dogs can detect.(研究结果清楚地表明，压力确实有狗能察觉到的气味。)”可知，本文主要是介绍科学家们通过实验发现：人在承受压力时会释放与平时不同的气味，狗能嗅出这种气味，C选项“Scientists Learn That Dogs Can Smell Stress(科学家了解到狗可以闻到压力)”可以概括全文，适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。
9．A 10．C 11．C 12．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些生物已经发展出了通过战略性地练习社交距离来保护群体中最有价值的个体的方法，英国布里斯托尔大学的教授Nathalie Stroeymeyt使用微型数字标签跟踪致命真菌爆发期间花园蚁群的活动来对此进行研究。
9．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Some creatures have developed ways to protect the most valuable in their group by practicing social distancing strategically. The most impressive examples occur in social insects, where different members of the group have different roles.（一些生物已经发展出了通过战略性地练习社交距离来保护群体中最有价值的个体的方法。最令人印象深刻的例子发生在群居昆虫中，群体中的不同成员有不同的角色。）”可以推出，第一段是在介绍英国布里斯托尔大学的教授Nathalie Stroeymeyt进行研究的背景。故选A项。
10．推理判断题。根据文章第三段二、三句“The worker ants are most likely to accidentally encounter fungi while out searching for food. The researchers used the natural way this fungus would be introduced.（工蚁在外出觅食时最容易意外遇到真菌。研究人员使用了这种真菌的自然引入方式。）”可知，研究人员将真菌直接应用到一小群工蚁身上是因为想要以自然和令人信服的方式进行研究。故选C项。
11．词句猜测题。根据画线词上句“The behavioral responses of ants in 11 fungus-treated groups were then compared with the same number of control groups,（然后，研究人员将11个真菌处理组的蚂蚁的行为反应与同样数量的对照组进行了比较。）”且分析画线词该句可知，where为关系副词，引导的是非限制性定语从句，指代的是先行词the same number of control groups，也就是11个对照组。故选C项。
12．推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“This strategic group was so effective that all queens and most nurses from the study groups were still alive at the end of the experimental outbreaks.（这个策略小组非常有效，以至于研究小组中的所有蚁后和保育蚁在实验爆发结束时都还活着。）”可知，所有女王和大多数护士都在入侵中幸存下来说明了蚂蚁的社交距离是成功的。故选A项。
13．C 14．D 15．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章对一些热门科技产品进行了介绍。
13．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“its new swim-proof Fitbit Flex 2 ($130) represents the best in the way of today’s fitness bands”(它的新款防水Fitbit Flex 2（130美元）代表了当今健身手环的最佳风格)可知，如果预算是300美元，可以购买Fitbit Flex 2。故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据“Digital cameras”部分最后两句“As small as your smartphone, the smooth design of the Fujifilm X70, $699 (4850 yuan), makes it the perfect companion. In China, Xiaomi’s mirrorless Yi M1 offers a more affordable option, available for just 2199 yuan.”(富士X70的平滑设计与你的智能手机一样小，价值699美元（4850元人民币），是完美的伴侣。在中国，小米的无镜易M1提供了更实惠的选择，仅需2199元。)可知，价格可能是你选择小米而不是富士胶片的原因。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“Here, we offer a guide that will help you take a closer look at four of tech’s hottest categories.”(在这里，我们提供一个指南，将帮助您更仔细地了解科技领域最热门的四个类别。)可知，这是一篇介绍热门科技产品的广告，所以有可能出现在报纸上。故选A。
16．F 17．G 18．D 19．A 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。中秋节是我国最重要的传统节日之一。本文主要介绍了如何制作中国传统月饼。
16．根据上文“Typical Chinese mooncakes…Most mooncakes …”可知，上文提到中秋节的月饼；下文提到“It is a custom for housewives to prepare mooncakes at home when the festival is approaching.（在节日临近的时候，家庭主妇在家准备月饼是一种习俗。）”，由 custom“习俗”可知，此处应该是说“月饼是中秋必吃的食物”。故选 F 。
17．上文提到“Mix together all the materials to get a dough.（把所有材料混合在一起做成面团）”，本段主要如何制作和处理面团。承接下来应该是说“用保鲜膜覆盖，放置至少3小时”。故选 G 。
18．根据上文“…roll the lotus paste and the dough into small balls（将莲蓉酱和面团揉成小球）”以及下文“Then, shape up with each consisting of a dough wrapper, one ball of lotus paste, and one half of a salted egg yolk.（然后，用面团包装纸、一个荷花酱球和半个咸蛋黄做成形状。）”，由下文的dough wrapper “面团皮”可知，此处应该是说“把每个面团压扁，做成薄薄的面皮”。故选 D 。
19．根据上文“Similarly, cover the lotus ball (with the yolk inside) with a wrapper.（同样地，用包装纸覆盖荷花球（蛋黄在里面））”以及下文“Then shape it with the mold (模具).（然后用模具成型。）”中的代词“it”可知，此处应该承接上文，接下来说“一个月饼球就做好了”，it指代“月饼球”。故选 A 。
20．根据下文“Take them out after 5 minutes and brush them with the egg wash. Put the mooncakes back until they become golden brown.（5分钟后取出它们，用鸡蛋清洗液刷洗。把月饼放回原处，直到它们变成金黄色。）中代词“them”可知，空格处应出现可数名词的复数形式。而下文又说“直到它们变成金黄色”，故此处应该是“最后，把所以月饼放进烤箱”，故选 C 。
21．D 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．B 26．C 27．A 28．A 29．D 30．C 31．B 32．D 33．C 34．D 35．B 36．C 37．A 38．B 39．C 40．C
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。作者最好的朋友Asha帮助了作者很多，在Asha的父母决定定居美国后，作者很伤心与孤单。于是，她和Asha继续写信、通话来保持联系。一天，Asha告诉她，自己将会和家人来印度拜访家人、亲戚，作者很开心。在再次见面的长谈之后，两人都觉得，即使很久不见，彼此却从未分开。
【详解】21考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们给了我们一个可以依靠的肩膀。A. show展示；B. bring带来；C. need需要；D. provide提供。根据文章第一段“Friends make it easier for us to go through difficulties and struggles in life. ”可知，朋友能给我们提供一个依靠的肩膀。故选D项。
22考查形容词词义辨析。句意：遇见人很容易，但交个好朋友就难了。A. interesting有趣的；B. impossible不可能的；C. difficult困难的；D. normal正常的。根据“It is easy to meet people, but it is 2 to make good friends.”可知，遇见人很容易，但交朋友就难了。故选C项。
23查动词词义辨析。句意：她英语很好，总是帮助我。A. help帮助；B. check检查；C. encourage鼓励；D. affect影响。根据“She was good at English”可知，Asha擅长英语，且总是帮作者学习英语，help me with it为固定短语。故选A项。
24考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们大部分时间都在一起玩。A. lose丢失；B. plan计划；C. waste浪费；D. spend花费。根据语境可知，作者和Asha是好朋友，因此，总是花时间一起玩耍。spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”。故选D项。
25考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来她的父母决定在美国定居下来。A. run away逃跑；B. settle down定居；C. turn up出现；D. live throgh度过。根据“After she went away to the United States”并结合下文“After a few days, I got a call 15 Asha to say that her parents had decided to visit India to meet her grandparents and other 16 .”可以推测，Asha的父母决定定居美国。故选B项。
26考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她去了美国后，我开始觉得很孤单。A. excited激动的；B. nervous紧张的；C. lonely孤单的；D. calm冷静的。根据语境及常识可知，朋友离开去了美国，作者应该是孤单的。故选C项。
27查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得去机场送她时我哭得有多厉害。A. cry哭喊；B. imagine想象；C. shout喊叫；D. promise承诺。根据“After she went away to the United States, I began to feel very 6 .”及“when I went to see her off at the airport”可知，作者很伤心，在机场送别时应该哭了。故选A项。
28考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有很长一段时间，我都找不到一个能让我感到舒服的朋友。A. comfortable舒适的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. lucky幸运的；D. fair公平的。根据“I could not find any friend”可知，作者找不到能相处得舒适的朋友。故选A项。
29考查副词词义辨析。句意：我开始定期给Asha写信。A. sincerely真诚地；B. specially特别地；C. quickly快速地；D. regularly规律地。根据“We exchanged letters every week”可知，作者和Asha开始规律地通信。故选D项。
30考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们每周都通信，有时甚至打电话给对方。A. wish希望；B. miss想念；C. call打电话给；D. support支持。根据“over the telephone”可知，作者还和Asha通话。故选C项。
31考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在她离开后，我仍然有一种失落的感觉。A. instead相反；B. however然而；C. also也；D. so因此。根据上一段内容可知，作者继续与Asha保持规律的联系，根据“I still had a feeling of loss after she went away.”可以推测，此处表示转折。故选B项。
32.考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我让我的父母为我安排一次去美国的旅行。A. select挑选；B. change改变；C. design设计；D. arrange安排。根据“So I asked my parents to 12 a trip for me to go to the US.”可知，作者请求父母安排一次美国之旅。故选D项。
33.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们觉得这个想法很荒谬，因为他们觉得出国太贵了。 A. task任务；B. way方法；C. idea主意；D. event项目。根据“So I asked my parents to 12 a trip for me to go to the US.”可知，去美国是作者的一个主意。故选C项。
34.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到很难过，因为我的父母拒绝了我去看望朋友的愿望。A. tired劳累的；B. frightened害怕的；C. grateful感激的；D. sad伤心的。根据“because my parents turned down my wish”可知，想要去美国见朋友的主意被拒绝了，作者很伤心。故选D项。
35.考查介词词义辨析。句意：几天后，我接到Asha的电话，她的父母决定去印度看望她的祖父母和其他亲戚。A. to向、朝、往；B. from来自；C. for给、对；D. over在……上方。根据“After a few days, I got a call 15 Asha”可知，电话是Asha打来的。故选B项。
36.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. teachers老师；B. children孩子们；C. relatives亲戚；D. students学生。根据“visit India to meet her grandparents”可知，Asha一家打算来印度见祖父母和亲戚。故选C项。
37.考查名词词义辨析。句意：听到这个消息，我高兴得跳了起来。A. happiness快乐；B. anger愤怒；B. surprise惊讶；D. fear恐惧。根据“I jumped up”可知，作者很高兴，跳了起来。故选A项。
38.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我急切地等待着她到来的那一天。A. leave休假、许可；B. arrival到来；C. rest其余；D. stop停止。根据“I eagerly waited for the day”可知，作者很急切地等着Asha的到来。故选B项。
39.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我去机场接她。我们互相拥抱，有很多东西要分享。A. find找到；B. think认为；C. share分享；D. hope希望。根据“We talked the whole night.”可知，作者和Asha之间有很多要分享的。故选C项。
40.考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们很长时间没有见面，但我们觉得彼此从未分开过。A. if如果；B. because因为；C. though尽管；D. when在……时候。前半句“we hadn’t seen for a long time”与后半句“we felt that we had never been separated from each other”句意为转折关系，此处为让步状语从句。故选C项。
41. beaches 42. is based 43. which 44. with 45. a
46. to help 47. less 48. mostly 49. or 50. sensing
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们使用VR就可以体验视觉盛宴。
【小题41】
考查名词的数。句意：但是，借助VR，你无需离开家就可以参观沙滩，探索山脉。分析句子可知，连词und后面连接的是名词mountain的复数，前面使用可数名词复数形式。故填beaches。
【小题42】
考查动词时态及语态。句意：虚拟现实是一种愚弄大脑的技术，即使它是基于平面图像的，它也可以使人深入地了解人造世界。分析句子可知，句中逻辑主语it与base之间为被动关系，因此使用被动语态形式；句子描述的是目前的情况，应使用一般现在时。故填is based。【小题43】
考查定语从句。句意：因为我们的眼睛彼此分开，所以每只眼睛看到的图像略有不同，这使我们的眼睛有了深度感知，并帮助我们看到事物有多远。分析句子可知，这是一个非限定性定语从句，先行词是image，在从句中做主语，因此使用关系代词which引导。故填which。【小题44】
考查介词。句意：在虚拟现实中，技术可以为每只眼睛呈现稍微不同的图像。分析句子可知，present with“呈现出”是固定搭配，符合本句语境。故填with。
【小题45】
考查冠词。句意：如果计算机连续发送这些图像，则你可以转头，在虚拟世界中行走和跳舞。分析句子可知，句中宾语是stream，是可数名词单数，因此使用不定冠词，constant是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。
【小题46】
考查非谓语动词。句意：而且，一些科学家正在使用虚拟现实帮助人们克服对身高的恐惧，或帮助他们感到更加舒适和无痛分析句子可知，这里使用不定式做目的状语，表示使用虚拟现实帮助人们克服对身高的恐惧。故填to help。
【小题47】
考查形容词比较级。句意：而且，一些科学家正在使用虚拟现实帮助人们克服对身高的恐惧，或帮助他们感到更加舒适和无痛。分析句子可知，连词and前面使用形容词比较级形式，因此and后也应使用形容词比较级形式构成并列结构。故填less。
【小题48】
考查副词。句意：目前，虚拟现实主要是视觉。分析句子可知，visual是形容词，使用副词修饰形容词性，作状语，故填mostly。
【小题49】
考查连词。句意：人们在这些虚拟世界中听不到声音或触摸物体。分析句子可知，空处前后部分互为并列关系，且结合语境分析可知，此处表示否定句中的并列关系，因此使用并列连词or连接前后两部分。故填or。
【小题50】
考查非清语动词。句意：但是有一天，你会在这些世界中徘徊，感觉不到真正存在的物体。分析句子可知，句中存在请语动词will wander，空处使用非谓语动词，且逻辑主语是workls，与sense之间为主动关系，因此使用现在分词作伴随状语。故填sensing。
51.
1. which → who/that 2. care 后加of 3. myself → me 4. was去掉
5. pleasantly → pleasant 6. say → saying 7. but → and 8. late → later
9. comes → came 10. thankful → thankfulness / thanks
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的妈妈照顾住在同一公寓里的一对母子，后来他们出国了，多年后，那个小男孩回来表达感谢。
【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意：从前，有个小男孩和他妈妈住在我们的公寓里。此处引导定语从句，先行词boy，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who/that引导。故将which改为who/that。
2.考查固定短语。句意：他的父亲在国外，他的母亲很忙，所以我的母亲决定照顾男孩。take care of为固定短语，意为“照顾”。故care后加of。
3.考查代词。句意：她总是给我和那个男孩做午饭。此处主语和宾语不一致，需用宾格形式me作宾语。故将myself改为me。
4.考查动词语态。句意：有时她会邀请男孩和他的母亲来我们家。此处表示“她邀请……”，不需要用被动语态，was是多余的。故将was去掉。
5.考查形容词。句意：我们在一起度过了一段非常愉快的时光。修饰名词time，需用形容词作定语。故将pleasantly改为pleasant。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：但是有一天，男孩的父亲打来电话，说他要带男孩去国外和他一起生活。句子已有谓语动词called，此处需用非谓语动词作状语，the boy's father和say为逻辑上的主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故将say改为saying。
7.考查连词。句意：他的母亲同意了，男孩离开了。上下文之间是顺承关系，需用连词and连接。故将but改为and。
8.考查副词。句意：多年以后，我们看见一个人站在门口向里张望。late表示“迟”，later表示“后来，以后”，此处表示“多年以后”。故将late改为later。
9.考查动词时态。句意：他回来是为了感谢我母亲所做的一切。此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故将comes改为came。
10.考查名词。句意同上。his为形容词性物主代词，后面需加名词。故将thankful改为thankfulness / thanks。
52．Dear Peter,
I’m so glad to hear from you and know what you are doing these days. Knowing that you are extremely concerned about how the online course works, I’m writing to tell you some detailed information.
As you know, with the COVID-19 epidemic breaking out in China, we are informed of taking online classes at home instead of going back to school. The online lessons begin at 7:00 am and end at 5:00 pm, with each lesson lasting 40 minutes. To avoid eye strain, we only have six lessons every day, leaving enough time for self-study. At the beginning, the online learning was totally fresh to me and I found it hard to concentrate on study. So I kept telling myself not to be anxious but to be disciplined and now I get used to it by continuously adjusting myself.
Although online teaching can offer us an effective and convenient way of learning, undoubtedly, I still hope the epidemic will end soon and that I can come back to enjoy my school life! Besides, I hope you can be safe and sound as well.
Best wishes，
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文, 要求写一封邮件，告知新冠疫情期间线上教学的情况。
【详解】第一步：
审题: 邮件 告知新冠疫情期间线上教学的情况
人称：第一、三人称
时态： 一般现在时
结构： 总分法，分三部分，第一部分说明写信原因，第二部分告知网络课程的具体安排，
第三部分表达你的期待和祝愿。
要点：
1. 说明写信原因：告知Peter在新冠疫情期间线上教学的详细情况。
2．网络课程的具体安排
①课程与时间：上午7:00 am ～ 下午5:00，每天六节课
②你的学习状态：刚开始感到新鲜，后来难以集中注意力，通过不断调整自己，很快适应了
3．表达你的期待和祝愿：希望疫情早点结束，祝愿Peter平安。
第二步：列提纲（重点词汇、短语 ）
hear from；be concerned about；detailed information；break out；taking online classes；last；fresh；concentrate on；be disciplined；get used to；adjust oneself；offer an effective and convenient way；safe and sound
第三步：连词成句
(1) Knowing that you are extremely concerned about how the online course works, I’m writing to tell you some detailed information.
(2) The COVID-19 epidemic has broken out in China.
(3) We are to take online classes at home instead of going back to school.
(4) The online lessons begin at 7:00 am and end at 5:00 pm.
(5) Each lesson lasts 40 minutes.
(6) We only have six lessons every day.
(7) At first, I found it hard to concentrate on study.
( 8) I get used to it by continuously adjusting myself.
(9) Online teaching can offer us an effective and convenient way of learning.
(10) I hope the epidemic will end soon.
根据提示和关键词进行遣词造句,适当地运用句型，注意时态和主谓一致问题。
第四步：连句成篇(衔接词、复杂句式)
用“with的复合结构”连接下面两个句子
(2) The COVID-19 epidemic has broken out in China.
(3) We are to take online classes at home instead of going back to school.
→With the COVID-19 epidemic breaking out in China, we are to take online classes at home instead of going back to school.
用独立主格结构作状语，表达第二个句子
(4) The online lessons begin at 7:00 am and end at 5:00 pm.
(5) Each lesson lasts 40 minutes.
→ The online lessons begin at 7:00 am and end at 5:00 pm，each lesson lasting 40 minutes.
用 although引导的状语从句连接下面两个句子
(7) At first，I found it hard to concentrate on study.
( 8) I get used to it by continuously adjusting myself.
→ Although at first I found it hard to concentrate on study, I get used to it by continuously adjusting myself.
复杂句式的运用，提升语言档次。
【点睛】范文要点全面，结构清晰，层次分明，上下文连贯，在表达时用到了很多高级词汇，如 be concerned about；break out；taking online classes；last；concentrate on；be disciplined；get used to；adjust oneself；offer an effective and convenient way；safe and sound 等；复杂句式的运用提升了文章层次，如“with的复合结构”的运用with the COVID-19 epidemic breaking out in China；现在分词作状语的运用we only have six lessons every day, leaving enough time for self-study；状语从句的运用Although online teaching can offer us an effective and convenient way of learning…等。鄢陵县职业教育中心2022-2023学年第一学期升学班20级期末考试试卷
英 语
时间：100分钟 总分：120分 命题
第一部分 听力 略
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分 30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Shortly after I graduated from college, I moved to a new state to start a full-time job. One day at work, I
found myself wanting to go traveling. Once I’d saved up enough money, I decided it was the perfect opportunity to travel by myself for the first time in my life. So I quickly started doing research on where I’d like to go.
I had never traveled alone before, so I decided to sign up for a guided group that was going to Thailand.
This gave me a sense of security (安全). It felt like a great way not only to try being alone and meeting strangers but also doing something that sounded really fun for two weeks.
The Thailand trip forced me out of so many comfort zones (舒适区) that ended up being one of the big
turning points of my life. The time I spent in Thailand finding my way around airports and taxis alone, meeting a group of strangers, and doing rock climbing with them in often remote parts of the country, ended up being one of the greatest experiences of my life. Up until this point I had always been shy and very careful to avoid danger and mistakes, but this travel experience inspired me to become different. It showed me a brave, strong, and independent side of myself that went on to influence my life greatly when I returned home.
When I got back, I pretty much dedicated my life to spending as much time as possible doing activities like
climbing, hiking, or backpacking especially things that I once thought I wasn’t “capable of” or was “too scared of Today, about 6 years later, I’m an outdoor empowerment coach and backpacking educator.
My trip to Thailand was just what I needed to make that change. It showed me what was possible. It
changed the path of my life.
1．Why was the author’s trip to Thailand special
A．Because it was planned all by himself.
B．Because it was his first trip after college.
C．Because it was achieved by quitting his job.
D．Because it was the first time he had traveled alone.
2．What can we learn about the author’s trip
A．It was a guided trip. B．It was free of charge.
C．It was about 6 weeks long. D．It was designed for young travelers.
3．What did the author do during the trip
A．He learned to drive. B．He practiced rock climbing.
C．He explored many remote areas alone. D．He met his best friend for the first time.
4．How has the author changed after the trip
A．He made friends more easily. B．He fell in love with traveling.
C．He became a brave outdoor type. D．He started staying away from danger.
B
People have long known that dogs have a great sense of smell. But scientists weren’t sure whether stressed people had a special smell. And if they did, they weren’t sure whether dogs could detect that smell.
All day long, our bodies go through changes and produce different chemicals. They come out in our breath
and sweat, slightly changing the way we smell. But it wasn’t known if stress could cause changes that could be detected. So researchers at Queen’s University Belfast, led by scientist Clara Wilson, collected breath and sweat samples(样品) from 36 different people. They got samples when the people were calm and when they were
stressed.
The calm part was easy. They asked people to report their stress level, and measured their heart rates and blood pressure. The people were asked to wipe their skin with a clean piece of cloth. Then they had to put the
cloth sample in a tube(管子), breathe on it hard three times, and seal the tube.
Then the scientists asked a really difficult math problem, and forced people to do it in their heads quickly. They kept telling the people to hurry up, and didn’t give them any help. That lasted for three minutes. Then the researchers collected two more sweat and breath samples. They also asked the people about their level of stress, and measured their heart rates and blood pressure. Most people said they felt very stressed. On average, the heart rate increased from about 91 beats per minute to about 105 beats per minute.
The scientists used one of the stressed samples, along with two clean pieces of cloth, to train the dogs to
find the stressed smell. Then came the challenge: the dogs had three choices: a sample from a calm person, a stressed sample from that same person, and a clean piece of cloth. In all, the dogs did 720 of these tests. They correctly identified the stressed sample about 94% of the time.
The results make it clear that stress does have a smell that dogs can detect. Ms. Wilson says the news could
be especially useful in training service dogs, since their job is to help relieve stress.
5．What conclusion can be drawn from paragraph 2
A．One’s body smell almost stays the same.
B．Our breath and sweat contain chemicals.
C．Stress plays a big role in one’s body smell.
D．Our bodies produce chemicals only when we’re awake.
6．What was the purpose of the scientists’ behaviors during the three minutes
A．To stress people out. B．To hold people back.
C．To cheer people up. D．To keep people interested.
7．The figures in paragraph 5 are mainly used to show_________
A．the difficulty of the challenge
B．the complexity of the experiment
C．the dogs finished the challenge quite well
D．the experiment needed to be improved
8．What is the best title for the text
A．Dogs Prove to Have a Great Sense of Smell
B．It Turns Out That Stress Does Have a Smell
C．Scientists Learn That Dogs Can Smell Stress
D．Research Shows That Dogs Can Be Stress Relievers
C
Some creatures have developed ways to protect the most valuable in their group by practicing social distancing strategically. The most impressive examples occur in social insects, where different members of the group have different roles.
Nathalie Stroeymeyt, a professor of the University of Bristol in England used tiny digital tags to track the
movements of garden ant groups during an outbreak of a deadly fungus(真菌). The fungi are passed from ant to ant through physical contact.
To measure how ants respond when disease first invades(入侵) their group, the researchers applied the fungi
directly to a small group of the worker ants that regularly leave the group. The worker ants are most likely to accidentally encounter fungi while out searching for food. The researchers used the natural way this fungus would be introduced. The behavioral responses of ants in 11 fungus-treated groups were then compared with the same number of control groups, where a harmless liquid was applied to worker ants. Ants in fungus-exposed groups started rapid and strategic social distancing after treatment. Within 24 hours those worker ants
self-isolated by spending more time away from the group compared with control-treated worker ants.
Healthy ants in fungus-treated groups also strongly reduced their social interaction. Uninfected worker ants, which interact frequently with other worker ants that might carry disease, kept their distance from the group, when disease was present. This prevents them from putting the valuable group members (the queen and “nurses”that care for young ants) at risk. The nurses also took actions, moving young ants farther inside the nest and away from the worker ants once the fungus was detected in the group. The signals that the ants use to detect
and rapidly respond to fungus exposure are still unknown. This strategic group was so effective that all queens and most nurses from the study groups were still alive at the end of the experimental outbreaks.
9．What aspect does the first paragraph discuss about the research
A．Its background. B．Its findings. C．Its significance. D．Its process.
10．Why did the researchers apply fungi to worker ants
A．To compare how differently ants respond to the invasion.
B．To watch how worker ants send signals to others.
C．To do the research in a natural and convincing way.
D．To prevent fungi from spreading in the ant group.
11．What does the underlined word “where” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．In fungus-treated groups. B．In garden ant groups.
C．In 11 control groups. D．In social insects.
12．How do we know ants’ social distancing was successful
A．All queens and most nurses survived the invasion.
B．All the worker ants spend more time outside the nest.
C．Researchers have found how the ants found fungus exposure.
D．Worker ants in both study and control groups self-isolated.
D
Are you searching for the latest device as a gift Here, we offer a guide that will help you take a closer look at four of tech’s hottest categories.
Virtual reality
Virtual reality (VR), the most exciting tech development of recent times, has arrived. The Sony VR doesn’t require expensive phone and there are some devices you can purchase to enhance the experience. But if you’ve already got a PS4, you can enter the world of VR for just $400 (2780 yuan).
Wireless headphones
Combining ease of use with the ability to move around without limit, wireless headphones just make sense. The Bose QuietComfort 35 wireless headphones are worth a test drive. The headphones feature active noise cancellation. They can be easily purchased for less than $400 online.
Digital cameras
While your phone has more functions, there’s no substitute（替代品）for a real camera. As small as your smartphone, the smooth design of the Fujifilm X70, $699 (4850 yuan), makes it the perfect companion. In China, Xiaomi’s mirrorless Yi M1 offers a more affordable option, available for just 2199 yuan.
Smartwatches
Watches, thanks to the mobile phone, were becoming unnecessary. Now the pursuit for fitness has helped
the watch industry push forward. FitBit has been a leader in the sporty wearable field, and its new swim-proof Fitbit Flex 2 ($130) represents the best in the way of today’s fitness bands.
13．With a budget of $300, which of the following can you buy
A．Xiaomi Yi M1. B．Fujifilm X70. C．Fitbit Flex 2. D．A Sony VR without a PS4.
14．What may be the possible reason for you to choose Xiaomi instead of Fujifilm
A．Its design. B．Its function. C．Its quality. D．Its price.
15．Where may you find the passage
A．In a newspaper. B．In a guide book. C．In a research paper. D．In a sports
magazine.
第二节（共5小题:每小题2分，满分 10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。
Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the most important festivals in Chinese calendar. The festival typically
involves family getting together to share mooncakes while watching the moon. Typical Chinese mooncakes are round in shape, and measure around 10 cm in diameter and 4-5 cm in thickness. Most mooncakes consist of a thin tender skin enveloping a sweet, dense filling.
____16____. It is a custom for housewives to prepare mooncakes at home when the festival is approaching.
Now let's learn to make traditional Chinese mooncakes.
Above all, full preparations should be made, including materials such as dough (生面团), flour, water, sugar and vegetable oil, and fillings—lotus seed paste (莲子蓉) and eggs.
Mix together all the materials to get a dough. ____17____
Next, separate the egg yolks from the whites and salt the steamed yolks. While the oven is preheating to 180 degrees Celsius, roll the lotus paste and the dough into small balls. ___18____.
Then, shape up with each consisting of a dough wrapper, one ball of lotus paste, and one half of a salted egg
yolk. Make a hole in a ball of lotus and put the yolk inside. Similarly, cover the lotus ball (with the yolk inside) with a wrapper. ____19____. Then shape it with the mold (模具).
____20____. Take them out after 5 minutes and brush them with the egg wash. Put the mooncakes back
until they become golden brown.
Remember to wait to eat the mooncakes for two days when they will be soft and also look shiny.
A．A mooncake ball is made.
B．Prepare the salted egg yolks.
C．Finally, put all mooncakes into the oven.
D．Flatten each piece of dough into a thin wrapper.
E．There're many stories about mooncakes and Chang'e.
F．Mooncakes are the must-eat food for the Mid-Autumn Festival.
G．Covered with plastic wrap, it should be set aside for at least 3 hours.
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45分）
第一节（共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分 30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项。
Friends make it easier for us to go through difficulties and struggles in life. They ___21___ a shoulder for us to cry on. It is easy to meet people, but it is ___22___ to make good friends.
My best friend was Asha. She was good at English and always ___23___ me with it. Because of her, I made
great progress. We ___24___ most of our time playing together. Then her parents decided to ___25___ in the United States. After she went away to the United States, I began to feel very ___26___. I remember how much I ___27___ when I went to see her off at the airport.
It was for a long time that I could not find any friend I could feel very ___28___ with. Most of my friends
were boring. I began writing to Asha ___29___. We exchanged letters every week and sometimes even ___30___each other over the telephone. ___31___, I still had a feeling of loss after she went away.
I wanted to meet her again. So I asked my parents to ___32___ a trip for me to go to the US. They found the
___33___ ridiculous (荒谬的) as they felt that it was too expensive to go abroad. I felt ___34___ because my parents turned down my wish to go and visit my friend.
After a few days, I got a call ___35___ Asha to say that her parents had decided to visit India to meet her
grandparents and other ___36___. Hearing the news, I jumped up with __37_. I eagerly (急切地) waited for the day of her ___38___.
I went to meet her at the airport. We hugged each other and had so much to ___39___. We talked the whole
night.___40___ we hadn’t seen for a long time, we felt that we had never been separated from each other.
21．A．show B．bring C．need D．provide
22．A．Interesting B．impossible C．difficult D．normal
23．A．helped B．checked C．encouraged D．affected
24．A．lost B．planned C．wasted D．spent
25．A．run away B．settle down C．turn up D．live through
26．A．excited B．nervous C．lonely D．calm
27．A．cried B．imagined C．shouted D．promised
28．A．Comfortable B．familiar C．lucky D．fair
29．A．sincerely B．specially C．quickly D．regularly
30．A．wished B．missed C．called D．supported
31．A．Instead B．However C．Also D．So
32．A．select B．change C．design D．arrange
33．A．task B．way C．idea D．event
34．A．tired B．frightened C．grateful D．sad
35．A．to B．from C．for D．over
36．A．teachers B．children C．relatives D．students
37．A．happiness B．anger C．surprise D．fear
38．A．leave B．arrival C．rest D．stop
39．A．find B．think C．share D．hope
40．A．If B．Because C．Though D．When
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分 15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Most of us haven’t been able to travel a lot lately. But with virtual reality (VR), you can visit____41___
(beach), explore mountains or more-all without leaving your house. Virtual reality is technology that fools the brain into seeing an artificial world with depth, even though it____42____(base) on flat pictures.
Because our eyes are separate from each other, each eye sees a slightly different image,____43____gives
our eyes depth perception (深度知觉) and helps us to see how far away things are. In virtual reality, technology can present each eye____44____a slightly different image. This produces an illusion (错觉) of a 3D space. If
computers send____45____constant stream of these images, you can turn your head, walk and dance around
virtual worlds.
Many people enjoy games in virtual reality. What's more, some scientists are using virtual reality____46____(help) people to overcome their fear of heights or help them to feel more comfort and____47____(little) pain.
Right now, virtual reality is____48____(most) visual. People can’t hear sound____49____touch objects in
these virtual worlds. But one day, you will wander these worlds,_____50_____(sense) objects that aren’t really there at all.
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线, 并在其下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。
There was once a little boy which lived with his mother in our flat. His father was abroad and his mother was very busy, so my mother decided to take care the boy. She always made lunch for the boy and myself. Sometimes she was invited the boy and his mother to come to our house. We had a most pleasantly time together. But one day, the boy's father called, say he would take the boy to live with him abroad. His mother agreed but the boy left. Years late we saw a man at our gate looking in. It was him! He comes back to show his thankful to my mother for what she had done. My mother's example shows that kindness always brings kindness.
第二节 书面表达（满分 25分）
52．假定你是李华，你的阿根廷朋友Williams寒假期间要来你所在城市游玩，来信询问你该如何安排行程以及注意事项，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.住宿条件；
2.活动安排；
3.其他事项(季节差异、着装提醒等)。
注意：1.写作词数80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Williams, ______________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________
第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共 10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语
言错误, 每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（/\）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。
