人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册 学案Unit2 Healthy Lifestyle易混易错点辨析（含答案）

【名师原创】：Unit2 易混易错点辨析
●reward; award; prize
【教材原句】
Thirdly, there is the “reward”, the good thing or feeling we get from the routine. (教材P14)
The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed. (教材P15)
【辨析】
三者都有“奖赏”之意，但意思各有侧重，用法也有一定区别。
reward 作名词意思是“奖赏，酬金，酬劳，酬谢”，既可以指工作中或某方面的贡献而得到的回报，也可指因给警方提供帮助或帮助他人找回丢失的人或物而得到的奖赏，酬金，酬劳，不能接双宾语，长构成reward sb. with sth.结构。
award 作名词意思是“奖，奖品，奖状，奖金”，指因在比赛或某方面的成就而由官方颁发的奖赏或荣誉；作动词意思是“颁奖给…，授予，授奖，给….颁奖”，可以接双宾语，构成award sb. sth. (= award sth. to sb.) 结构。
prize 常作名词，意思是“奖赏，奖品，奖”，常指因在某方面做出巨大贡献或在竞赛、比赛中胜出而获奖，如：the Nobel Prize for Physics/Medicine/Peace 弄贝尔物理学奖/医学奖/和平奖。
温馨提示：影视作品获奖一般用award表示。
【例句呈现】
The movie won nine Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
这部电影荣获九项奥斯卡金像奖，包括最佳影片奖。
The smart money is on him for the best actor award.
内行认为他将获最佳演员奖。
Damages may be awarded for emotional injury.
可能会判处精神伤害赔偿。
He has been awarded a research grant.
他得到一笔研究经费。
There is a reward for information leading to the recovery of the missing diamonds.
凡能为找回丢失的钻石提供线索者可获奖赏。
She was richly rewarded for all her hard work.
她一向勤劳苦干，得到了丰厚的回报。
They are now reaping the rewards of all their hard work.
现在，他们的全部辛劳都得到了回报。
She was rewarded for her 40 years' faithful service with the company.
她为公司忠诚服务了40年，因而获得奖赏。
There will be a prize for the most innovative design.
将设立一项最具创意设计奖。
She won first prize in the competition.
她在竞赛中获得头奖。
The star prize is a weekend for two in Paris.
特等奖是二人巴黎周末游。
She was awarded the Nobel Peace prize.
她获颁诺贝尔和平奖。
He won first prize in the woodwind section.
他获得木管乐器组一等奖。
【考点过关】
用award, reward和prize的适当形式填空
1. He won the _______ of 1000 dollars in the football match last week.
2. The lady gave him a _______ for his helping her.
3. She won the first ______ at the speech contest.
4. A $100 ________ has been offered for the return of the backpack.
5. He won the Housing Design ________ for the year 2011.
6. The award of the Nobel ________ has crowned a glorious career in physics.
7. The police will ________ whoever provides useful information to catch the robber.
8. His efforts ________ with good fruits at last.
9. They ________ John the first prize last month.
10. The police are offering a big _______ for information about the robbery.
【参考答案】
1. award/prize; 2. reward; 3. prize; 4. reward; 5. Award; 6. Prize; 7. reward; 8. were rewarded; 9. awarded; 10. reward
●rely on/upon; depend on/upon
【教材原句】
The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed. (教材P15)
【辨析】
两者都是“依靠，依赖”的意思，但用法上某些时候有区别。
rely 常构成词组rely on/upon，表示“取决于，由…决定”。
温馨提示：
①depend on/upon sb./sth. to do sth. = rely on/uopon sb./sth to do sth.
依赖/依靠/指望….做某事
②depend on/upon sb./sth. doing sth. = rely on/upon sb./sth doing sth.
依赖/依靠/指望….做某事
③depend on/upon…. for….= rely on/upon…. for….
依靠….来….
depend 表示“依靠，依赖，信赖”， 常构成词组depend on/upon，表
示“指望，取决于，由……决定”。在交际用语中，要表示“那得看情况或视情况而定”时，一般只用depend, 不用rely, 即It/ That (all) depends.那得看情况。
【例句呈现】
We depend on energy to do many things in our daily lives.
在日常生活中，我们做很多事都离不开能源。
If our parents do everything for us children, we won’t learn to depend on ourselves.
如果父母替我们这些孩子做所有的事情，我们就学不会独立。
We depend on him finishing the job this weekend.
我们指望他这个周末能完成工作。
Depend upon it. We shall solve the problem at last.
请相信，我们最终会解决这个问题。
You can depend on Jane - she always keeps her promises.
你可以信赖简，她总是信守诺言。
The future of space research depends on how much money we have.
太空研究的未来取决于我们的经济实力。
The journey takes about two hours, depending on traffic.
旅途大约需要两小时，这取决于交通状况
-- How long are you staying 你会待多久
-- I don't now. It depends. 我不知道，那得看情况，
I rely on you for good advice.
我靠你来给我好建议。
The wise will not rely on medicine for keeping their health.
明智的人不依赖药物来保持健康。
These days, we rely heavily on computers to organize our work.
现在，我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来安排工作。
You may rely on him coming on time.
你放心，他肯定会按时来的。
【考点过关】
用rely或depend填空
1. -- What are you going to do this weekend
-- It ______. If time permits, I may go to Shanghai with my friends.
2. Don't always ask others to help you. You should learn to _______ on yourself
3. All living things ________ on the sun for their growth.
4. Did you still ________ on your parents
5. Everything _______ on the weather tomorrow.
6. Children _______ on their parents for food and clothing.
7. It all _____ on whether she likes the boss or not.
8. His success ______ chiefly on himself．
9. Whether the game will be played ______ on the weather．
10. The development of things ______ fundamentally on internal causes．
【参考答案】
1. depends; 2. depend/rely; 3. depend/rely; 4. depend/rely; 5. depends/relies; 6. depend/rely; 7. depends/relies; 8. depends/relies; 9. depends/relies;10. depends/relies
●examine; check
【教材原句】
To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them. (教材P15)
A dentist once examined me and told me that too much sugar in my meals had damaged my teeth and health. (教材P20)
【辨析】
两者都有“检查”的意思，但各有侧重。
examine 意思是“检查，审查，检验；考试，测验；仔细观察”等，重在过程，常指检查身体，对知识或技能考试，测验，对协议，稿件和方案的审查，也可指仔细观察/查看。
check 意思是“检查；核对”，强调对已知的事物或成品从数量、质量或完损情况上进行核对和检查，对结果的进一步核实和校验。常指核对已有的数据，材料，单子，或者检查机械类的东西是否完好，是否有故障等。check 即可作名词也可作动词，词义也较多，这里我们只讲做动词且表示“检查，核对”时的用法。
温馨提示：
check with sb. + 从句 向某人核实某事
check in at + 地点 在旅馆，机场等入住、登记等
check out of + 地点 结账离开某地
【例句呈现】
Check the container for cracks or leaks.
检验容器是否有裂缝或者漏的地方。
Check the oil and water before setting off.
出发前应查看一下油和水。
Check your work before handing it in.
交作业以前先检查一遍。
Cars are checked as they come off the production line.
汽车下了生产线立即进行校验。
It should have been a simple matter to check.
检查核对本来应该是件简单的事情。
Check the terms of the policy before you sign.
仔细阅读保险单的条款后再签字。
The doctor examined her but could find nothing wrong.
医生给她作了检查，但没发现什么问题。
The students will be examined in all subjects at the end of term.
期末时学生须参加所有学科的考试。
Leaving aside the cost of the scheme, let us examine its benefits.
方案的费用暂且不理，咱们来审查方案的好处。
It is necessary to examine how the proposals can be carried out.
有必要调查一下怎样才能实施这些方案。
We examine the wording in detail before deciding on the final text.
我们彻底仔细地检查了措词后才最终定稿。
He pulled the car over, turned on the interior light, examined the map.
他把车开到路边，打开车内的照明灯查看地图。
【考点过关】
根据check, examine的适当形式填空
1. The school _______ the students in all subjects last week.
2. We always ________ people's addresses as a matter of course.
3. The insects ________ under magnification yesterday.
4. _______ the list of on the side of the package.
5. The agreement _______ minutely already.
6. ________ your car before you drive to make sure that your lights are working.
7. Can my child be medically _______ every year
8. You'd better _______ with Jane what time she's expecting us tonight.
9. He trained his camera on nature ________ single leaves.
10. It is strongly recommended that the machines should _______ every year.
11. _______ that all windows and doors have been made as secure as possible.
12. _______ the painful area carefully in an effort to localize the most tender point.
【参考答案】
1. examined; 2. check; 3. were examined; 4. Check; 5. has been examined; 6. Check; 7. examined; 8. check; 9. to examine; 10. be checked; 11. Check; 12. Examine
●give up; give in
【教材原句】
Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, and if we are not successful straight away, we often become pessimistic and give up. (教材P15)
【辨析】
两者在意义和用法上都有区别。
give up 意思是“放弃（希望）；不再做（某事）”，作及物动词短语用，其后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。
give in意思是“屈服，让步，投降”，此时它作不及物动词短语用，后不能跟宾语，表示“向某人屈服”时，则用“give in to sb. ”；give in做及物动词短语时表示“上交”，如果宾语是代词，则只能放在in之前，如“give it in”；宾语是名词时，放在in前后皆可。
【例句呈现】
I am managing, but I could not possibly give up work
我正在努力应付，但我不可能放弃工作。
Don't just immediately give up but think about ways round a problem
不要马上放弃，应该想想解决问题的办法。
I would sooner give up sleep than miss my evening class
我宁可不睡觉，也不愿错过晚上的课。
I've been trying to give up smoking for getting on for two years now
到现在，我设法戒烟已快两年了。
He urged them not to give up on peace efforts
他力劝他们不要放弃对和平的努力。
In no circumstances will I give in.
无论如何我都不会屈服的。
I think we should just give in gracefully.
我认为我们应该大大方方地认输。
All right, I give in. What did you do with the ship
行啦，我认输。你如何处理的那艘船？
Officials say they won't give in to the workers' demands.
官员们表示他们不会向工人的要求让步。
My family insisted that I should not give in, but stay and fight
家里人坚持认为我不应让步，而应该留下来继续抗争。
【考点过关】
根据give up和give in的用法填空
1. If you always ________ to others you will end up feeling like a doormat.
2. He had a bad accident two years ago and had to give up ______ (farm).
3. As they did, still Stephen did not complain or ________.
4. I know people who find it practically impossible to give up _______ (smoke).
5. He will soon ________ because he cannot win the game.
6. On the one hand they'd love to have kids, but on the other, they don't want to _______ their freedom.
7. One shouldn't _______ while he or she stands and sees.
8. She will not ________ her children without a struggle.
9. He suffered a serious injury that obliged him to _______ work.
10. We cannot _______ to those who would divide us.
【参考答案】
1. give in; 2. farming; 3. give in; 4. smoking; 5. give in; 6. give up; 7. give in; 8. give up; 9. give up; 10. give in
●plenty of….；the rest of….
【教材原句】
For young people, there is plenty of time to change bad habits. (教材P15)
【辨析】
两者意思不同，用法不同。
plenty of 意思是“充足的，足够的，大量的”，可修试饰人和物，意思和用法与
a lot of…/lots of….相同，作主语时，谓语动词的单复数根据of后面的名词来确
定，of后面是不可数名词时，谓语用单数，of 后面是复数名词或代词时，谓语
动词用复数。温馨提示：plenty of 前面不能加冠词, plenty 也不用复数形式，一
般用在肯定句中。in plenty 大量，充足，富足。
the rest of... 意思是“其余的，剩下的”，可以修饰人和物。作主语时，谓语动词的单复数根据of 后边的名词或代词来确定，如果of 后面是复数可数名词或复数代词，谓语动词用复数；如果of后面是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。有时可以根据上下文，把the res of ….中的of…部分省去。
【例句呈现】
He was to regret that decision for the rest of his life.
他终生都将后悔做出了那一决定。
Jack divided up the rest of the cash.
杰克把余下的现金分了。
These findings are at odds with what is going on in the rest of the country.
这些研究结果与国内其他地区的实际情况并不相符。
The rest of the men had the day off
其他人这天没上班。
They were scientifically and technologically greatly in advance of the rest of the world.
它们在科学技术上大大超过了世界其它国家。
The rest of the room was neat and impersonal.
房间的其余部分整洁干净，没有个人色彩。
It's a city with fine buildings and plenty of open space.
这座城市既有漂亮的建筑又有开阔的空地。
There's still plenty of scope for improvement.
还有很大的改进余地。
I'm anxious that we should allow plenty of time.
我殷切希望我们能留出充裕的时间。
There should be plenty of time to go shopping before we leave New York.
我们离开纽约前还应该有充足的时间去逛商店。
There are plenty of ways you can cut costs on your trip without slumming.
在旅行中，有许多办法既可以减少开销又不至于显得寒酸。
Some people live in plenty, while others haven't enough to eat.
一些人过着丰衣足食的生活，而另一些人却吃不饱。
【考点过关】
根据the rest of…. 和plenty的用法填空
1. Plenty of people ______ (wait) for rescue in the earthquake stricken area in Sichuan at that time.
2. There are 30 students in our class; 15 of us are boys, and the rest of us ______ (be) boys.
3. Some books are in the classroom, but the rest of them ______ (be) in the library.
4. They bought much mild. Some was sent to an old woman, and the rest of it ______ (give) to those boys in the village.
5. One third of the boys are doing home work, but the rest of them ____ (watch) TV.
6. Some clothes are still there now, but the rest of them ______ (steal) yesterday.
7. Two thirds of the students will go home during the summer vacation and the rest _______ (be) going to travel.
8. Most water was sent to wash the car and the rest _______ (use) to drink.
9. Some persons are planting trees, and the rest _____ (water) them.
10. I drank only a little of the wine, and the rest ______ (drink) by him.
11. Look, the rest of the eggs _______ (go) bad.
12. There was food and drink _______ plenty.
13. There ________ (be) plenty of restaurants to choose from now.
14. He lived ______ plenty during the rest of his days.
15. There _________ (be) plenty of water in the river in the past.
【参考答案】
1. were waiting; 2. are; 3. are; 4. was given; 5. are watching; 6. were stolen; 7. are;
8. was used; 9. are watering; 10. was drunk; 11. has gone; 12. in; 13. are; 14. In; 15.
was
●realize; come true
【教材原句】
After I attended your summer amp about health and lifestyle choices, I realized I hardly ever felt well, either physically or mentally. (教材P20)
So after the camp, I realized that it was very, very important to adjust my lifestyle. (教材P20)
However, I realized that to succeed in quitting, I had to replace it with something else. (教材P20)
【辨析】
两者都有“实现”的意思，但用法有区别。
realize vt. 意思是①“实现， 使…..成为现实” ②“认识到，意识到”（通常不用于进行时态）。
come true 是系表结构, 无被动语态, 句型结构为：e(s) true，这里的come 为系动词，表示“变成”的意思。
【例句呈现】
These predictions will come true if technology continues to develop.
如果科技不断发展，这些预言将会成真。
His dream will come true sooner or later.
他的理想迟早会实现。
Her wish to become a doctor has come true.
她想当医生的愿望实现了。
All our dreams can come true if we have the courage to pursue them.
只要有勇气去追求，一切梦想皆可成真。
People think all they need to do is endure one crazy, intense, job-free creative burst and their dreams will come true.
人们认为他们所需要做的事是忍耐一个疯狂，强烈的，无责任的创意突发而他们的梦想将成真。
My dream of getting into Beijing university has come true.
去北京大学读书让我的梦想成真。
The moment I saw her, I realized something was wrong.
我一看到她，就觉得不太对劲。
I don't think you realize how important this is to her.
我认为你没有意识到这对她是多么重要。
The situation was more complicated than they had at first realized.
形势比他们最初意识到的更为复杂。
They managed to leave without any of us realizing.
我们谁也没注意，他们悄悄走了。
Only later did she realize her mistake.
只是到了后来她才意识到自己的错误。
Those are our hopes; we are starting this clinical trial to investigate whether those hopes will be realized.
那些就是我们的希望；我们正在开展这些临床试验以调查那些希望是否可以实现。
Various textile techniques will be explored to realize design possibilities.
将尝试和探索纺织技巧来把这些设计变为现实。
Do you realize the importance of this question
你意识到这个问题的重要性吗
Only then did he realize that he had been wrong.
直到这时他才知道他错了.
【考点过关】
用come true或realize 的适当形式填空
1. The jobless can only hope that such predictions will ______.
2. Every minute you are making all your dreams ______!
3. What dreams would you like to see ________
4. Did Tom’s predictions about the gulf ecosystem _______
5. As soon as we _______ something was wrong, we moved the children away.
6. People don't _______ how serious this recession has actually been.
7. There was a cheer when it ________ that everyone was safely back.
8. She _________ her ambition of becoming a professional singer at last.
9. It takes patience for humans to ______ their dreams
10. It cannot ________ without technological innovation.
【参考答案】
1. come true/be realized; 2. come true/realized; 3. come true/realized; 4. come true; 5. realized; 6. realize; 7. came true/was realized; 8. realized; 9. realize; e true/realize
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