人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册 Unit2 Healthy Lifestyle 单元语法详解课件(共15张PPT)

(共15张PPT)
Unit 2 Healthy lifestyle
单元语法详解
人教版新教材选择性必修三
本单元重点语法
动词不定式
作主语和表语
◆原句再现
a. To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager’s life is essential. (教材 P14) (作主语)
b. To change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts.(教材 P14) (作主语)
c. For example, when we come to an escalator, our normal routine is to ride it, but we could change this routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead. (教材 P15) (作表语)
d. It was not polite to disturb your neighbors with loud music last night. (教材 P17) (作主语)
e. To make choices about myself is within my own power. (教材 P20).
f. When you are stressed, every problem you have seemed to become
worse. (教材 P22) (作表语)
◆ 动词不定式作主语
● 动词不定式直接主语，请观察以下句子
a. To finish the work before Friday is not so easy.
在周五之前完成这项工作没有那么容易。
b. To avoid passive cigarette smoking is important.
避免被动抽烟是很重要的。
※ 温馨告知：动词的不定式形式在句子中作主语时, 谓语动词用单数, 请观察以下句子
a. To see is to believe
眼见为实。
b. To get up early for him is impossible.
对他来说，早起是不可能的。
● it 作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语
当作主语的动词不定式太长时，为了避免句子头重脚轻，常用 it 作形式主语代替动词不定式放在句首，把真正作主语的不定式常置于句末，从而使句子显得更加协调和平衡，请观察以下句子
a. It is my dream to be here at Christmas time.
b. It is his dream to go abroad.
c. It is easy to say, it is difficult to do.
= To be here at Christmas time is my dream.
= To go abroad is his dream.
= To say is easy, to do is difficult.
※ 请关爱以下两个结构：
① It’s + 形容词 + of + sb. + to do sth.
② It’s + 形容词 + for + sb. + to do sth.
※ 轻轻告诉你：当形容词表示人的性格或品质时用介词 of; 否则用 for, 表示人性格或品质的形容词有: clever, wise, kind, friendly, cruel, foolish, silly, stupid, careless, warm-hearted, …
请观察以下句子
d. It is very important to learn English well.
= To learn English well is very important.
e. It is necessary to attend the meeting.
= To attend the meeting is necessary.
a. It is hard for you to do it well.
b. It is friendly of you to help me.
c. It is possible for them to finish the job in two hours.
d. It is unwise of her to do so.
● “特殊疑问词＋不定式”作主语: 常见的特殊疑问词有：what, who, which, when, where, why, how等, 采用“特殊疑问词＋不定式”作主语, 句子谓语同样采用单数形式, 请观察以下句子
a. When to start has not been decided.
b. How to relieve the pain is a question.
c. Where to hold the meeting hasn’t been decided.
d. What to do next is unknown for us.
● 不定式作表语:某些系动词，如 be (是), seem (看起来), appear (看起来), prove(证明是), turn out(结果是) 等, 后面可以接不定式作表语, 请观察以下句子
a. His dream is to be a teacher.
他的梦想是成为一名老师。
b. The plan turns out (to be) right.
这个计划证明是正确的。
※ 除了 be动词之外, seem, appear, prove, turn out后面的表语若是以“to be＋...”的形式出现, 通常可以省略 to be, 请观察以下句子
a. The accident turned out (to be) untrue.
b. The old man seemed (to be) a professor.
● “特殊疑问词＋不定式”作表语常见的特殊疑问词有：what, who, which, when, where, why, how等, 请观察以下句子
a. The problem is how to finish the hard work in such a short time.
b. His difficulty is where to find a washing machine at night.
c. John’s trouble is when to go to the hospital to see his son.
◆ 考点训练
1. It's our duty _________ the room every day.
A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans
2. It's hard for us _________ English well.
learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning
3. It will take the workers over a year _________ the flyover.
A. taken B. take C. taking D. to take
A
C
D
● 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项
4. It's very nice ___________ you to get me two tickets _________ the World Cup.
A. for，of B. of，for C. to，for D. of，to
6. His work is ______ the animals.
A. to feed B. fed C. have fed D. to be feeding
7. Our plan is ______ the children in the poor areas.
A. helping B. to be helped C. help D. to help
8. My wish is ______ a scientist.
A. became B. to become C. become D. to have become
9. His dream is ______ to a famous university.
A. going B. go C. to go D. gone
10. The writer’s aim is _________ two books in a year.
A. write B. writing C. written D. to write
B
A
D
B
C
D
11. Rather than ____ on a crowded bus, he always prefer ___ a bicycle.
ride；ride B. riding；ride
C. ride；to ride　 D. to ride；riding
12. It’s freezing outside. You _______ put on your overcoat.
had better to B. had better
C. would better　 D. would better to
13. The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is soft to _____.
A. sit 　　 B. sit on 　　 C. be sit 　　 D. be sat on
14. I’m hungry. Get me something _________.
A. eat 　　 B. to eat 　　 C. eating 　　 D. for eating
15. -- I usually go there by train.
-- Why not _____ by boat for a change
A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going
C
B
B
B
D
16. She did nothing _______ at the photo.
except look B. but to look
C. except to look　 D. but looking
17. I asked him to _______ me a few minutes so that we could go over
all the problems.
A. spend 　　 B. spare 　　 C. save 　　 D. share
18. They won’t let their teacher _______ in that way.
to be treated B. being treated C. treated D. be treated
19. The problem ______at tomorrow’s meeting is a very difficult one.
being discussed B. discussed C. to be discussed D. to discuss
20. Their problem is ________________the bad news to the girl.
A. what to tell B. how to tell C. however to tell D. to tell how
A
B
D
C
B
1. Much to our surprise, the short video turned out _____(be) popular with teachers and students.
2. It would take some 100 workers a year’s time __________
(complete) the project.
3. All her energies are focused on her children and she seems ____________(have) little time for anything else.
4. It is not a simple matter _______________(determine) the nature of talent.
5. The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, not ____________ (make) it more difficult.
● 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空
to be
to complete
to have
to determine
to make
6. Another way of setting good goals is __________(analyze) your short and long objectives.
7. Whether travelling abroad will do harm or good to the senior remains ____________(see)．
8. My explanation seemed ________________(make) things worse, which drove me madder than before.
9. It was a tradition for the school’s old team ________(play) against the new team at the end of spring practice.
10. Most people believe that the best way to build a great team is ___________ (gather) a group of the most talented individuals.
to analyze
to be seen
to have made
to play
to gather
That’s all!
Thank you!