人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册 Unit3 Environmental Protection Reading and Thinking能力提升练（含解析）
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Unit3 Reading and Thinking能力提升练
I.阅读理解
主题语境：人与自然 难易度：★★ 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：7
（2019山东师范大学附属中学高二期中）
World Environment Day is celebrated annually on June 5th and was created to inspire people around the globe to take an active part in environmental protection and learn more about ways we can help to guarantee the future of our planet is safe.
The very first World Environment Day took place in 1974, established by the United Nations General Assembly on the first day of the Stockholm Conference on the human environment that took place in 1972. Each year the United Nations picks a theme and a host city where anyone who is concerned about the environment can talk about environmental topics with others, followed by different kinds of exhibits to promote environmental awareness. Environmentalists, academics and scientists come together to bring new ideas on the table concerning the environment.
The latest World Environment Day was hosted by India, and the theme was Beat Plastic Pollution. It urged people to explore and choose alternatives like paper or cloth bags to reduce the production and use of disposable plastic, which makes up 10% of all of the waste. Even though the United Nations picks a specific host city every year, people around the world still celebrate World Environment Day in their hometowns with parades (游学), concerts, cleaning, tree planting and all kinds of green actions to work towards having a beautiful planet and battling pollution.
World Environment Day is not a public holiday, so you won’t be getting the day off work or school, but if you want to celebrate, why not bring it to the attention of your parents, friends, colleagues or classmates World Environment Day is all about working together to take action for the planet, so try to get everyone you know interested in helping do something. Things as small as making sure people have a way to recycle can make a difference. You could also try beautifying your neighborhood by planting gardens, learning about green foods, raising money for a local wildlife conservation group or simply learning about the effects of different products on the earth.
1. Why was World Environment Day set up
A. To make people know more about nature.
B. To ask people to help to protect the globe.
C. To warn people of the danger of air pollution.
D. To encourage people to plan for the earth’s future.
2. What do people do on world Environment Day
A. Decide a host city.
B. Hold a theme part.
C. Discuss environmental ideas.
D. Show some plastic products.
3. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to “disposable” in Paragraph 3？
A. High-cost.
B. Poor-quality.
C. Second-hand.
D. Single-use.
4. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph
A. Every bit of effort counts.
B. Doing is better than saying.
C. Many hands make light work.
D. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
B
主题语境：人与自然 难易度：★★ 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：7
（2019山西大学附中模拟）
Blue Planet II’s latest episode focuses on how plastic is having a disastrous effect on the ocean and slowly poisoning our sea creatures. Researchers recently also found that sea creatures living in the deepest place on Earth, the Mariana Trench, have lastic in their stomachs, Indeed, the ocean is drowning in plastic.
Though it seems now that the world couldn’t possibly function without plastics, plastics for consumption are a remarkably recent invention. The first plastic bags were introduced in the 1950s; the same decade that plastic packaging began gaining in popularity in the United States. This growth has happened so fast that science is still catching up with the change. Plastic pollution research, for instance, is still a very early science.
We put all these plastics into the environment and we still don't really know what the outcomes are going to be. What we do know, though, is disturbing. Ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine animals every year. Nearly 100 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it. One in three leatherback turtles, which often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, have been found with plastic in their bellies. Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating plastics on a regular basis. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 100 percent.
And it’s not just wildlife that is threatened by the plastics in our seas. We humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. I could understand why some people see ocean plastic as a disaster, worth mentioning to the same degree as climate change. But ocean plastic is not as complicated as climate change. There are no ocean garbage deniers（否认者）, at least so far. To do something about it, we don’t have to remake our planet energy system.
This is not a problem where we don’t know what the solution is. We know how to pick up garbage. Anyone can do it. We know how to dispose of it. We know how to recycle. We can all start by thinking twice before we use single-use plastic products. Things that may seem ordinary, like using a reusable bottle or a reusable bag, when taken collectively, do make a difference.
5. Why is plastic pollution research still a very earl science
A. The plastic pollution research is too difficult.
B. Plastics have produced less pollution than coal.
C. The world couldn’t possibly function without plastics.
D. Plastics have gained in popularity too fast for science to catch up.
6. How does the author support his opinion in Paragraph 3
A. By statistics.
B. By quotations from leading experts.
C. By using examples from his own experience.
D. By comparison and contrast.
7. What can we infer about climate change
A. Climate change is caused by human activities.
B. Some people have some doubts about climate change.
C. Climate change is less important than ocean pollution.
D. Ocean plastic is more complicated than climate change.
8. What is the main idea of this passage
A. Ocean plastic is a global issue.
B. The ocean becomes choked with plastic.
C. Blue Planet II has left viewers heartbroken.
D. Plastics gain in popularity all over the world.
Ⅱ.七选五
主题语境：人与自然 难易度：★★ 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：8
（2019山东淄博高二联考）
Solutions to Climate Change
There are personal lifestyle changes that you can make and that, to some extent, can help reduce your carbon impact. Not all are right for everybody. But applying just a few of them could make a difference.
Move closer to work.
Transportation is one of the leading sources of greenhouse gas emissions. 1 One way to dramatically cut transportation fuel needs is to move closer to work, use mass transportation, or switch to walking, cycling or some other modes of transport that does not require anything other than human energy.
Consume less.
2 Whether by quitting an automobile or employing a reusable grocery sack, cutting back on consumption results in fewer fossil fuels being burned to extract, produce and ship products around the globe.
3
A potentially simpler and even bigger effect can be produced by doing more with less. Citizens of many developed countries are energy-wasters, whether by speeding in a gas-wasting vehicle or leaving the lights on when not in a room. Similarly, employing more efficient refrigerators, air conditioners and other appliances can cut electricity bills. 4 You can turn the lights or your computers off when you leave the office.
Stop cutting down trees.
When purchasing wood products, such as furniture or flooring, buy used goods or, failing that, wood proved officially to have been sustainably harvested. The Amazon rainforest and other forests are more than the lung of the earth. 5
A. Be energy efficient.
B. Use few electrical appliances.
C. But it doesn’t have to be that way.
D. Such efforts can also be usefully employed at work.
E. They may also be humans short-term hope for limiting climate change.
F. The easiest way to cut back on greenhouse gas emissions is simply to buy less stuff.
G. Citizens spend more money on electricity to power devices when they’re off than when they’re on.
参考答案：
A
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界环境日的由来和情况，呼吁全员行动起来帮助保护地球。
1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的 World Environment Day was created to inspire…可知，设立世界环境日的目的是鼓励人们积极参与环境保护并了解多种方法来帮助确保地球将来的安全，故选B。
2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的 where anyone who concerned about the environment can talk about environmental topics with others以及第二段最后一句可知，在世界环境日这天人们主要讨论环境问题。C项符合题意，故选C。
3.D【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段中的 Beat plastic pollution及现实情况可知，文中提到的最近一个世界环境日即2018年世界环境日的主题是“塑战速决”，再结合画线词前面的 It urged people to explore and choose alternatives like paper or cloth bags和画线词后面的 which makes up 10% of all of the waste可知，disposable plastic（一次性塑料）造成大量资源浪费，所以D项“供一次使用的”符合语境，故选D。
4.A【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段的内容可知，世界环境日不是公共节日，所以人们不放假。但如果你想庆祝的话，为何不让你周围的人关注它呢？后面又列举了一些可以起作用的小事，所以最后一段主要是讲每个人都可以从身边的小事做起，行动起来保护地球，每个人的微小努力都很重要，故选A。
【高频词汇】1. guarantee vt.保证2. be concerned about关心关切；关注；担心3. promote vt.促进；推动；提高4. awareness n.意识5. alternative n.可供选择的事物6. specific adj.特定的；明确的7. beautify vt.美化
长难句分析
原句 Each year the United Nations picks a theme and a host city where anyone who is concerned about the environment can talk about environmental topics with others，followed by different kinds of exhibits to promote environmental awareness.
句意 联合国每年都选定一个主题和一个主办城市，在那里关心环境的任何人都可以与其他人讨论环境话题，紧接着举办不同种类的展览，以提高（人们的）环保意识。
分析 本句为主从复合句。句中的 where anyone who is concerned about the environment can talk about environmental topics with others是由关系副词 where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 host city；who is concerned about the environment是由who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 anyone。动词不定式短语to promote environmental awareness表示目的，意思为“为了提升环保意识”。
B
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了《蓝色星球Ⅱ》当时的最新集关注的是塑料如何对海洋产生灾难性影响，如何慢慢毒害我们的海洋生物。研究人员还发现，生活在地球上最深处的马里亚纳海沟的海洋生物的胃里有塑料。的确，海洋被塑料污染了。
5.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，虽然现在看来，没有塑料世界可能无法运转，但消费塑料却是近些年才发明的。第一批塑料袋是在20世纪50年代采用的，在那十年里，那种塑料包装在美国开始流行，塑料包装的数量增长得如此之快，以至于科学仍在努力跟上这一变化，例如，塑料污染研究仍然处于初期。由此可知，塑料流行起来的速度太快了，科学跟不上。故选D。
6.A【解析】推理判断题。第三段提到据估计，海洋塑料每年会杀死数百万的海洋动物；据了解，包括濒危生物在内的近100种物种已受到影响；有三分之一的棱皮龟腹部都有塑料；目前90%的海鸟经常吃塑料，到2050年，这一数字预计会上升到
100%。由此可知，作者在第三段是通过统计数据来支持自己的观点的。故选A。
7.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的 I could understand why some people see ocean plastic as a disaster，worth mentioning to the same degree as climate change. But ocean plastic is not as complicated as climate change. There are no ocean garbage deniers, at least so far…可推知，有些人对气候变化持怀疑态度。故选B。
8.B【解析】主旨大意题。文章介绍了塑料如何对海洋产生灾难性影响，如何慢慢毒害我们的海洋生物。研究人员还发现，生活在地球上最深处的马里亚纳海沟的海洋生物的胃里有塑料。由此可知，文章主要讲塑料充斥着海洋。故选B。
【高频词汇】1. focus on集中于2. disastrous adj.灾难性的3. remarkably adv.显著地；非常4. popularity n.受欢迎；流行5. threaten v.威胁6. complicated adj.复杂的
长难句分析
原句 Things that may seem ordinary，like using a reusable bottle or a reusable bag，when taken collectively，do make a difference.
句意 看起来可能普通的事情，比如使用可重复使用的瓶子或可重复使用的袋子，当大家都这样做时，就会有重大意义。
分析 本句为主从复合句。make a difference表示“有重大意义，有重大影响”；that引导定语从句，指代先行词Things; when taken collectively是状语从句的省略。
Ⅱ.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些我们在日常生活中可以采取的简单易行的环保措施。这些措施看似微小，却会为应对气候变化贡献力量。
1.C【解析】上一句提到交通运输是温室气体排放物的主要来源之一。C项紧承上文，点明情况不一定非得那样，同时引出了下句介绍的能帮助我们减少这类温室气体排放物的措施。
2.F【解析】该空对应的措施是减少消费。F项点明减少温室气体排放物的最简单的方法是少购物，符合本段的语境。
3.A【解析】该空是本段的小标题，本段主要建议我们有效利用能源，尽可能减少对能源的浪费，用更少的能源做更多的事，故用A项概括本段的主旨。
4.D【解析】上一句介绍了在生活中如何减少对能源的浪费，该空后则介绍了在办公室里如何减少对能源的浪费。D项恰好能用来承上启下。
5.E【解析】上一句提到亚马孙雨林及其他森林不仅仅是地球的肺。E项紧承上文，点出它们可能还是人类在短期内控制气候变化的希望。
【高频词汇】1. make a difference有影响；有关系；起作用2. dramatically adv.显著地；戏剧性地；引人瞩目地；剧烈地3. automobile n.汽车4. reusable ad.可重复使用的5. potentially adv.潜在地；可能地
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I.阅读理解
主题语境：人与自然 难易度：★★ 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：7
（2019山东师范大学附属中学高二期中）
World Environment Day is celebrated annually on June 5th and was created to inspire people around the globe to take an active part in environmental protection and learn more about ways we can help to guarantee the future of our planet is safe.
The very first World Environment Day took place in 1974, established by the United Nations General Assembly on the first day of the Stockholm Conference on the human environment that took place in 1972. Each year the United Nations picks a theme and a host city where anyone who is concerned about the environment can talk about environmental topics with others, followed by different kinds of exhibits to promote environmental awareness. Environmentalists, academics and scientists come together to bring new ideas on the table concerning the environment.
The latest World Environment Day was hosted by India, and the theme was Beat Plastic Pollution. It urged people to explore and choose alternatives like paper or cloth bags to reduce the production and use of disposable plastic, which makes up 10% of all of the waste. Even though the United Nations picks a specific host city every year, people around the world still celebrate World Environment Day in their hometowns with parades (游学), concerts, cleaning, tree planting and all kinds of green actions to work towards having a beautiful planet and battling pollution.
World Environment Day is not a public holiday, so you won’t be getting the day off work or school, but if you want to celebrate, why not bring it to the attention of your parents, friends, colleagues or classmates World Environment Day is all about working together to take action for the planet, so try to get everyone you know interested in helping do something. Things as small as making sure people have a way to recycle can make a difference. You could also try beautifying your neighborhood by planting gardens, learning about green foods, raising money for a local wildlife conservation group or simply learning about the effects of different products on the earth.
1. Why was World Environment Day set up
A. To make people know more about nature.
B. To ask people to help to protect the globe.
C. To warn people of the danger of air pollution.
D. To encourage people to plan for the earth’s future.
2. What do people do on world Environment Day
A. Decide a host city.
B. Hold a theme part.
C. Discuss environmental ideas.
D. Show some plastic products.
3. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to “disposable” in Paragraph 3？
A. High-cost.
B. Poor-quality.
C. Second-hand.
D. Single-use.
4. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph
A. Every bit of effort counts.
B. Doing is better than saying.
C. Many hands make light work.
D. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
B
主题语境：人与自然 难易度：★★ 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：7
（2019山西大学附中模拟）
Blue Planet II’s latest episode focuses on how plastic is having a disastrous effect on the ocean and slowly poisoning our sea creatures. Researchers recently also found that sea creatures living in the deepest place on Earth, the Mariana Trench, have lastic in their stomachs, Indeed, the ocean is drowning in plastic.
Though it seems now that the world couldn’t possibly function without plastics, plastics for consumption are a remarkably recent invention. The first plastic bags were introduced in the 1950s; the same decade that plastic packaging began gaining in popularity in the United States. This growth has happened so fast that science is still catching up with the change. Plastic pollution research, for instance, is still a very early science.
We put all these plastics into the environment and we still don't really know what the outcomes are going to be. What we do know, though, is disturbing. Ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine animals every year. Nearly 100 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it. One in three leatherback turtles, which often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, have been found with plastic in their bellies. Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating plastics on a regular basis. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 100 percent.
And it’s not just wildlife that is threatened by the plastics in our seas. We humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. I could understand why some people see ocean plastic as a disaster, worth mentioning to the same degree as climate change. But ocean plastic is not as complicated as climate change. There are no ocean garbage deniers（否认者）, at least so far. To do something about it, we don’t have to remake our planet energy system.
This is not a problem where we don’t know what the solution is. We know how to pick up garbage. Anyone can do it. We know how to dispose of it. We know how to recycle. We can all start by thinking twice before we use single-use plastic products. Things that may seem ordinary, like using a reusable bottle or a reusable bag, when taken collectively, do make a difference.
5. Why is plastic pollution research still a very earl science
A. The plastic pollution research is too difficult.
B. Plastics have produced less pollution than coal.
C. The world couldn’t possibly function without plastics.
D. Plastics have gained in popularity too fast for science to catch up.
6. How does the author support his opinion in Paragraph 3
A. By statistics.
B. By quotations from leading experts.
C. By using examples from his own experience.
D. By comparison and contrast.
7. What can we infer about climate change
A. Climate change is caused by human activities.
B. Some people have some doubts about climate change.
C. Climate change is less important than ocean pollution.
D. Ocean plastic is more complicated than climate change.
8. What is the main idea of this passage
A. Ocean plastic is a global issue.
B. The ocean becomes choked with plastic.
C. Blue Planet II has left viewers heartbroken.
D. Plastics gain in popularity all over the world.
Ⅱ.七选五
主题语境：人与自然 难易度：★★ 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：8
（2019山东淄博高二联考）
Solutions to Climate Change
There are personal lifestyle changes that you can make and that, to some extent, can help reduce your carbon impact. Not all are right for everybody. But applying just a few of them could make a difference.
Move closer to work.
Transportation is one of the leading sources of greenhouse gas emissions. 1 One way to dramatically cut transportation fuel needs is to move closer to work, use mass transportation, or switch to walking, cycling or some other modes of transport that does not require anything other than human energy.
Consume less.
2 Whether by quitting an automobile or employing a reusable grocery sack, cutting back on consumption results in fewer fossil fuels being burned to extract, produce and ship products around the globe.
3
A potentially simpler and even bigger effect can be produced by doing more with less. Citizens of many developed countries are energy-wasters, whether by speeding in a gas-wasting vehicle or leaving the lights on when not in a room. Similarly, employing more efficient refrigerators, air conditioners and other appliances can cut electricity bills. 4 You can turn the lights or your computers off when you leave the office.
Stop cutting down trees.
When purchasing wood products, such as furniture or flooring, buy used goods or, failing that, wood proved officially to have been sustainably harvested. The Amazon rainforest and other forests are more than the lung of the earth. 5
A. Be energy efficient.
B. Use few electrical appliances.
C. But it doesn’t have to be that way.
D. Such efforts can also be usefully employed at work.
E. They may also be humans short-term hope for limiting climate change.
F. The easiest way to cut back on greenhouse gas emissions is simply to buy less stuff.
G. Citizens spend more money on electricity to power devices when they’re off than when they’re on.
参考答案：
A
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界环境日的由来和情况，呼吁全员行动起来帮助保护地球。
1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的 World Environment Day was created to inspire…可知，设立世界环境日的目的是鼓励人们积极参与环境保护并了解多种方法来帮助确保地球将来的安全，故选B。
2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的 where anyone who concerned about the environment can talk about environmental topics with others以及第二段最后一句可知，在世界环境日这天人们主要讨论环境问题。C项符合题意，故选C。
3.D【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段中的 Beat plastic pollution及现实情况可知，文中提到的最近一个世界环境日即2018年世界环境日的主题是“塑战速决”，再结合画线词前面的 It urged people to explore and choose alternatives like paper or cloth bags和画线词后面的 which makes up 10% of all of the waste可知，disposable plastic（一次性塑料）造成大量资源浪费，所以D项“供一次使用的”符合语境，故选D。
4.A【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段的内容可知，世界环境日不是公共节日，所以人们不放假。但如果你想庆祝的话，为何不让你周围的人关注它呢？后面又列举了一些可以起作用的小事，所以最后一段主要是讲每个人都可以从身边的小事做起，行动起来保护地球，每个人的微小努力都很重要，故选A。
【高频词汇】1. guarantee vt.保证2. be concerned about关心关切；关注；担心3. promote vt.促进；推动；提高4. awareness n.意识5. alternative n.可供选择的事物6. specific adj.特定的；明确的7. beautify vt.美化
长难句分析
原句 Each year the United Nations picks a theme and a host city where anyone who is concerned about the environment can talk about environmental topics with others，followed by different kinds of exhibits to promote environmental awareness.
句意 联合国每年都选定一个主题和一个主办城市，在那里关心环境的任何人都可以与其他人讨论环境话题，紧接着举办不同种类的展览，以提高（人们的）环保意识。
分析 本句为主从复合句。句中的 where anyone who is concerned about the environment can talk about environmental topics with others是由关系副词 where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 host city；who is concerned about the environment是由who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 anyone。动词不定式短语to promote environmental awareness表示目的，意思为“为了提升环保意识”。
B
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了《蓝色星球Ⅱ》当时的最新集关注的是塑料如何对海洋产生灾难性影响，如何慢慢毒害我们的海洋生物。研究人员还发现，生活在地球上最深处的马里亚纳海沟的海洋生物的胃里有塑料。的确，海洋被塑料污染了。
5.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，虽然现在看来，没有塑料世界可能无法运转，但消费塑料却是近些年才发明的。第一批塑料袋是在20世纪50年代采用的，在那十年里，那种塑料包装在美国开始流行，塑料包装的数量增长得如此之快，以至于科学仍在努力跟上这一变化，例如，塑料污染研究仍然处于初期。由此可知，塑料流行起来的速度太快了，科学跟不上。故选D。
6.A【解析】推理判断题。第三段提到据估计，海洋塑料每年会杀死数百万的海洋动物；据了解，包括濒危生物在内的近100种物种已受到影响；有三分之一的棱皮龟腹部都有塑料；目前90%的海鸟经常吃塑料，到2050年，这一数字预计会上升到
100%。由此可知，作者在第三段是通过统计数据来支持自己的观点的。故选A。
7.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的 I could understand why some people see ocean plastic as a disaster，worth mentioning to the same degree as climate change. But ocean plastic is not as complicated as climate change. There are no ocean garbage deniers, at least so far…可推知，有些人对气候变化持怀疑态度。故选B。
8.B【解析】主旨大意题。文章介绍了塑料如何对海洋产生灾难性影响，如何慢慢毒害我们的海洋生物。研究人员还发现，生活在地球上最深处的马里亚纳海沟的海洋生物的胃里有塑料。由此可知，文章主要讲塑料充斥着海洋。故选B。
【高频词汇】1. focus on集中于2. disastrous adj.灾难性的3. remarkably adv.显著地；非常4. popularity n.受欢迎；流行5. threaten v.威胁6. complicated adj.复杂的
长难句分析
原句 Things that may seem ordinary，like using a reusable bottle or a reusable bag，when taken collectively，do make a difference.
句意 看起来可能普通的事情，比如使用可重复使用的瓶子或可重复使用的袋子，当大家都这样做时，就会有重大意义。
分析 本句为主从复合句。make a difference表示“有重大意义，有重大影响”；that引导定语从句，指代先行词Things; when taken collectively是状语从句的省略。
Ⅱ.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些我们在日常生活中可以采取的简单易行的环保措施。这些措施看似微小，却会为应对气候变化贡献力量。
1.C【解析】上一句提到交通运输是温室气体排放物的主要来源之一。C项紧承上文，点明情况不一定非得那样，同时引出了下句介绍的能帮助我们减少这类温室气体排放物的措施。
2.F【解析】该空对应的措施是减少消费。F项点明减少温室气体排放物的最简单的方法是少购物，符合本段的语境。
3.A【解析】该空是本段的小标题，本段主要建议我们有效利用能源，尽可能减少对能源的浪费，用更少的能源做更多的事，故用A项概括本段的主旨。
4.D【解析】上一句介绍了在生活中如何减少对能源的浪费，该空后则介绍了在办公室里如何减少对能源的浪费。D项恰好能用来承上启下。
5.E【解析】上一句提到亚马孙雨林及其他森林不仅仅是地球的肺。E项紧承上文，点出它们可能还是人类在短期内控制气候变化的希望。
【高频词汇】1. make a difference有影响；有关系；起作用2. dramatically adv.显著地；戏剧性地；引人瞩目地；剧烈地3. automobile n.汽车4. reusable ad.可重复使用的5. potentially adv.潜在地；可能地
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