人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册 Unit3 Environmental Protection易混易错点辨析学案（有答案)

【名师原创】：Unit3 易混易错点辨析
●provide; supply; offer
【教材原句】
Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s needs, but not every man’s greed. (教材P25)
【辨析】
三者都可表示 “供给、提供”，但用法表达有一定区别。
provide表示“供给，提供，装备；准备”，常强调有预见，通过储存等方式为应对意外、紧急情况等做准备，以便需要时提供所需物品。常用于provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for/to sb.结构。有时supply 和 provide 可以互换。
supply表示“供应；补充；弥补”，一般强调替换或补足所需之物以及弥补缺陷，满足要求，常用于supply sb. with sth.= supply sth. to sb.结构。还可作名词，意为“供给（量）；物资；存货”，常用复数形式。
offer 表示“提出，提供；呈现”，着重强调主动向别人提供物品、帮助和服务等。常用于offer to do sth..；offer sb. sth.= offer sth. to/for sb./sth. 句型。
【例句呈现】
Supplies of food are almost exhausted.
贮存的食物快吃完了。
We cannot guarantee adequate supplies of raw materials.
我们不能保证提供充足的原料。
A transport plane carrying food and medical supplies for refugees has arrived.
一架为难民运送食物和医疗用品的运输机已经到了。
Their aim was to block guerrilla supply lines.
他们的目的是封锁游击队的供给线。
They are at the end of their food supply.
他们的食物储备已消耗殆尽。
We are here to provide a service for the public.
我们来这里是为公众服务。
The company has won a contract to supply books and materials to schools.
这家公司得到了一份向学校供应图书资料的合同。
Water supplies to the house are at low pressure.
这房子的供水压很低。
The hospital has a commitment to provide the best possible medical care.
这家医院承诺要提供最好的医疗服务。
The network will provide computer services to your home.
这个网络将为家庭提供全方位的计算机服务。
A firewall provides an essential security blanket for your computer network.
防火墙为计算机网络提供了基本安全保障。
The school provided food for the students.
学校为学生提供伙食。
They provided us with all the books we need.
他们为我们提供所需要的所有书籍。
The bank provided/supplied him with a loan $100,000.
银行为他提供了10万美元的贷款。
She offered me a cup of tea.
她给我端了杯茶。
He offered to go instead of me.
他主动提出代替我去。
Several people were passing but nobody offered to help.
有几个人擦肩而过，却没有人主动提出帮助。
She offered us five different kinds of cake.
她给我们提供了五种不同的蛋糕。
【考点过关】
根据supply, provide和offer的用法填空
1. Our _______ (supply) were running out.
2. Teachers provide a model ______ children to imitate.
3. The charity aims ________ (provide) assistance to people in need.
4. The cars will _______ (supply) to people all over the country.
5. Cows supply us _______ milk.
6. In Britain milk is supplied ______ each house in bottles.
7. We _______ (offer, provide) customers a free home delivery service.
8. The statistics offer further support _______ our theory.
9. We _______ (offer , supply, provide) a personal service to all our customers.
10. His company offers a flexible packaging service _______ the food industry.
【参考答案】
1. supplies; 2. for/to; 3. provide; 4. supplied; 5. with; 6. to; 7. offer; 8. to/for; 9. offer/supply/provide; 10. for/to
●doubt; suspect
【教材原句】
There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer(see the graph). (教材P2)
【辨析】
两者都有“怀疑”的意思，但是用法有一定区别。
①两者后面接名词 ( http: / / www. / s q=%E5%90%8D%E8%AF%8D&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn" \t "_blank )、代词 ( http: / / www. / s q=%E4%BB%A3%E8%AF%8D&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn" \t "_blank )或名词性词组时可通用。
②两者后面接 that 从句，意思就截然不同。 这时，doubt如果用肯定结构，表示“不相信，怀疑不是那样”，如果用否定结构，则表示“不怀疑，确信”； 而suspect 表示“怀疑，怀疑其有”。
③ doubt 后面可以接 whether/if 引导的从句，而suspect不可以。
④ 两者构成的短语不同。doubt常构成：doubt of sth 疑惑某事；suspect 常构成以下两个结构：suspect sb./sth. to be…怀疑某人或某物是….； suspect sb of （doing） sth. 怀疑某人某事/做某事。
⑤doubt作名词，表示“疑惑”，常构成结构：there is no/little doubt that….毫无疑问…
⑥ suspect 作名词是“犯罪嫌疑人”的意思。
【例句呈现】
I doubt/suspect the truth of her statement.
我对她那番话的真实性 ( http: / / www. / s q=%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%9E%E6%80%A7&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn" \t "_blank )表示怀疑。　　
He says he can cure me, but I still doubt/suspect him.
他说他能治好我的病 ( http: / / www. / s q=%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E7%97%85&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn" \t "_blank )，但我仍对他不放心。　　
I doubt that he has stolen my watch.
我不相信他偷了我的手表。　　
I suspect that he has stolen my watch.
我怀疑 / 猜想他偷了我的手表。　　
I doubt that she is the criminal.
我不相信她是罪犯。
I suspect that she is the criminal.
我怀疑她是罪犯。
The doctor suspected that he was ill with flu.
医生怀疑/认为他得了流感。　　
I don't doubt that he is right.
我确信他是对的。　　
I didn't doubt that he would come.
我当时相信他会来的。　　
Why did she doubt that they were cheats？
她为什么怀疑他们是骗子？　　
I doubt whether/if he'll come.
我不敢肯定他来不来。　　
It's raining hard. I doubt whether it will be fine tomorrow.
雨下得很大，我不敢说明天会晴。　　
She never doubted of his success.
她从不怀疑他的成功。　　
I suspected him to be the spy.
我认为他就是那个间谋。　　
What made you suspect her of having taken the money？
你凭什么怀疑钱是她偷的？
【考点过关】
用suspect和doubt的适当形式填空。
1. There is no ______ that television has greatly changed people’s lives.
2. I think there is very little ______ that will happen.
3. Others _______ whether/if that would happen.
4. There is no _______ that computers are very useful in technology and business.
5. I _______ whether/if he will marry her.
6. There is no _______ that the increase in demand caused the rise in prices.
7. No one _______ his ability at that time.
8. The police _______ him of having a part in the jewel robbery yesterday.
9. No one directly involved with the case _______ him now.
10. The police have eliminated two ______ from their investigation.
11. A referendum showed beyond ______ that voters wanted independence.
12. He ________ that the woman staying in the flat above was using heroin, and so she was.
13. The _______ is currently under control of Xiangtan police.
14. They ________ me of having a hand in the affair last year.
15. I think there is very little _______ that will happen.
【参考答案】
1. doubt; 2. doubt; 3. doubted; 4. doubt; 5. doubt; 6. doubt; 7. suspected; 8. suspected; 9. suspects; 10. suspects; 11. doubt; 12. suspected; 13. suspect; 14. suspected; 15. doubt
●remain; stay
【教材原句】
According to the scientists who found its dead body, all that remained of the polar bear was “skin and bones”. (教材P26)
【辨析】
两者都有“（系动词）保持，仍然是；停留”的意思，这时两者可以换用，但其它意义和用法有区别。
remain 意思是“保持，仍然是；遗留，剩下；停留，逗留；留待，尚待”，常构成以下结构：
①remain + adj. = stay + adj. 保持….
②remain + n = stay + n 仍然是…..
③remain + prep. + 地点 = stay + prep. + 地点 待在某地，但是，可以说stay (at) home，不能说remain at home, 只能用remain home，去掉at, 两词组可换用。
④sth. remain to be done 某事尚待做
⑤it remain to be seen + wh-从句 …..有待观察/看/尚待定论
⑥there remains ….尚有…..
remain 可以做名词，意思是“遗迹，残留物”
stay 意思是“保持，仍然是；停留，逗留；留宿，暂住”，常构成以下结构：
①stay for dinner 留下来吃饭
②stay at home 待在家里
③stay at/in a hotel 住旅馆
④stay the night = stay overnight = stay over 过夜
⑤stay away 走开，不打扰
⑥stay in = stay (at) home待在家里，不外出
⑦stay on 留下来继续（工作，学习）
⑧stay out 待在户外，不回家
⑨stay out of…. 避开，远离，不介入
⑩stay up 熬夜
stay 也可以作名词，表示“停留，暂住”等。
【例句呈现】
Most of the house remains intact even after two hundred years.
虽然过了两百年，这房子的大部分还保持完好。
The temperature remained constant while pressure was a variable in the experiment.
做这实验时温度保持不变，但压力可变。
It remains to be seen whether his project will fly.
他的计划能否成功尚需拭目以待。
The disease often remains undetected for many years.
这种疾病经常潜伏多年而不被察觉。
There remains the problem of finance.
财政问题仍然存在。
It remains to be seen whether or not this idea can be put into practice.
这一想法能否付诸实践还有待于观察。
We went on to Paris and stayed/remained there eleven days.
我们接着去了巴黎，在那里停留了十一天。
We stayed/remained in a village where time has stood still.
我们待在一个时间似乎凝滞了的村子里。
She stayed at home, afraid to show her face.
她待在家里，不敢露面。
We stayed up all night, setting the world to rights.
我们一夜没睡，谈论着如何拯救世界。
I want you to stay away from my daughter.
我要你离我女儿远远的。
His parents won't allow him to stay out late.
他的父母不会允许他在外待得很晚。
【考点过关】
用remain, stay的适当形式填空
1. She _______ home while the children were young.
2. I went to Ningxia and _______ there for one year.
3. We promised ________ friends for ever.
4. We must ________ competitive in the competitive society.
5. I ________ on the job for five months when they left.
6. Birds’ singing is sometimes a warning to other birds _______ away.
7. You should leave those naughty boys _______ out of trouble.
8. Last month, Tom wrote two articles during his short _______ in hospital.
9. So far many of his songs _______ popular.
10. We were told ________ in our seats meanwhile with our seat belts fastened.
11. I never see what has been done; I only see what_______ to be done.
12. It ________ to be seen whether you are right.
13. There ________ one significant problem now.
14. Please _______ calm when you meet with some difficulties.
15. You should ________ quiet when someone is making a speech.
【参考答案】
1. stayed/remained; 2. stayed/remained; 3. to stay/remain; 4. stay/remain; 5. Stayed; 6. to stay; 7. to stay; 8. stay; 9. have remained/stayed; 10. to remain/stay; 11. remains; 12. remains; 13. remains; 14. remain/stay; 15. stay/remain
●appear; seem
【教材原句】
An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died. (教材P26)
【辨析】
两者都有“看起来（好像、似乎…）”的意思，一般可以换用，但在个别殊结构用上的用法上有一定的区别。
appear强调自身表现出, 流露出；appear 指外表给人的印象,可能是真象也可能是假象，不确定性更大一些，常用于以下结构或词组中：
① appear + n/adj. 似乎/好像…..
② appear to be/to do sth. 好像是/做某事
③ it appears that从句 好像….
④ what appears to be…看起来像….的东西
⑤ there appears to be…. 似乎/好像有……
⑥ appear out of nowhere 突然冒出来
⑦ appear overnight 一夜之间出现（反义：disappear overnight）
seem 侧重指根据某种迹象作出的推断,也不一定是事实，常用于以下机构中：
① seem + n/adj. 似乎/好像….
② seem to be/to do sth. 好像是/做某事
③ it seems that从句 好像….
④ seem like…..看起来像….
⑤ it seems as if/though…..看起来好像…….
⑥ there seem to be….好像有…..
温馨提示：
①在seem like…. 和 it seems as if/though…..结构中，一般不能换成appear
②appear 表示“出现”时，不可与seem 换用
【例句呈现】
One day a stranger appeared on my doorstep.
一天，一个陌生人出现在我家门前。
She tried hard to appear/seem (to be) calm at the interview.
面试时她努力让自己显得镇静。
There’s evidence that people who have a purpose in life appear/seem to do better.
有证据显示有生活目标的人似乎表现得更加出色。
It seemed like a good idea.
这主意好像不错。
The theory without practice seems/appears to be the cars without motors.
没有实践的理论就像没有引擎的汽车。
It seems as if they didn’t care about Henry’s feelings at all.
他们似乎毫不在乎亨利的感受。
It seemed/appeared that he was lying.
他似乎在撒谎。
Everyone in the picture seems/appears to have put on some weight, don’t they
照片中每个人好像胖了，是不是？
He doesn’t seem/appear to be happy.
他看起来不高兴。
She seemed/appeared to have caught a cold.
她好像感冒了。
【考点过关】
用appear, seem的适当形式填空
He _______ to have traveled a lot.
He ________ to be very tired now.
He ________ to be a gentleman – he was wearing a suit, not like a thief at all.
It _______ as if he didn’t love her at all at that time.
It _________ to me that working experience is more important than a degree.
It ________ that he had a taste for music.
There ________ to be some disagreement between his words and actions at present.
It _______ like rain now.
【参考答案】
1. seems/appears; 2. seems/appears; 3. appeared/seemed; 4. seemed; 5. seems/
appears; 6. appeared/seemed; 7. seems/appears; 8. seems
●quantity; amount
【教材原句】
When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature to rise quickly. (教材P27)
We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. (教材P27)
【辨析】
amount 意思是“数量；数额；总数”，做动词是“达到，相当，等同”的意思， 常构成以下短语：
①a huge/large amount of…./large amounts of….大量，许多，后面一般接不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词根据amount来确定，如果amount 是单数，谓语动词就用单数；如果amount是复数，谓语动词就用复数。
②amount to….达到；合计为；相当于，等于
quantity 意思是“数量； 大量”，常构成以下短语：
①a large quantity of…./large quantities of ……大量，后面既可以跟可数名词，也可以跟不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词根据quantity 的单复数来确定，如果quantity 是单数，谓语动词就用单数；如果quantity是复数，谓语动词就用复数。
②in quantity = in large quantities 大量地
【例句呈现】
The police found a quantity of drugs at his home.
警察在他家发现了大量毒品。
It is usually economical to buy washing powder in large quantities.
大量购买洗衣粉通常要省钱些。
A large quantity of drugs was seized during the raid.
在这次突击行动中起获了大量毒品。
A swoop by customs officers netted a large quantity of drugs.
海关人员突然袭击，缉获大量毒品。
The Customs have seized large quantities of smuggled heroin.
海关查获了大量走私的海洛因。
It's just very time consuming to get such a large quantity of data.
获取如此大量的数据非常费时。
Modern computers can organize large amounts of data very quickly.
现代计算机能迅速处理大量的信息资料。
There is still an immense amount of work to be done.
还有非常非常多的工作没有做。
Somewhere along the line a large amount of money went missing.
有一笔巨款在某一环节上不翼而飞。
Teachers have a limited amount of time to interact with each child.
教师和每个孩子沟通的时间有限。
The tank had leaked a small amount of water.
水箱渗漏出少量的水。
The total collection last week amounted to 250.
上周的募捐总额达250英镑。
【考点过关】
根据quantity和amount的用法填空。
1. A large quantity of air conditions ________ (sell) since the summer came.
2. It's a pity that large quantities of wood ______ (waste) that way all over the world.
3. There _______ (be) a large quantity of rain in this area.
4. When you are travelling, don’t display large _______ of cash to others.
5. A large quantity of crops _________ (destroy) by the hurricane last week.
6. Large quantities of milk _______ (send) to the children in poor area the day before yesterday.
7. Large amounts of money _______ (spent) on building the bridge last year.
8. They buy cotton _______ quantity.
9. There _______ (be) only a small amount of food.
10. The villagers planted different kinds of trees _______ large quantities on the hill last year.
11. My income for that week amounted ________ &112.
12. As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert _______ (cover) the land so far.
13. Keeping what belongs to another ______ (amount) to stealing.
14. With many forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ______ (wash) away each year.
15. Huge quantities of oil ________ (ship) to Japan last year.
【参考答案】
1. have been sold 2. have been wasted; 3. is; 4. amounts/quantities; 5. was destroyed; 6. were sent; 7. were spent; 8. in; 9. is; 10. in; 11. to; 12. has covered; 13. amounts; 14. are being washed; 15. were shipped
●suffer from; suffer
【教材原句】
Previously, water quantity in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of who frequently threw garbage into the river. (教材P32)
【辨析】
两者都有“遭受”之意，但用法有一定区别。
suffer from常指遭受战争、自然灾害引起的苦难、资金或资源的短缺、罹患疾病等。
suffer常指遭受/承受损害、痛苦、损失、失败、不良后果、惩罚、冤枉、侮辱、心理方面的不良情绪、经济困难等方面，其宾语一般为pain, loss, grief, insult, punishment, wrong等, 也可接抽象性代词much, little等。
【例句呈现】
In these days of technological change we all suffer from information overload.
在这科技日新月异的时代，过多的信息使人人都应接不暇。
She suffered no ill effects from the experience.
这次经历没有使她受到不良影响。
The party was suffering a crisis of confidence among its supporters.
当时这个政党在其支持者中正遭受信任危机。
She suffered from severe depression after losing her job.
她失业后患了严重的抑郁症。
It is hard to estimate how many children suffer from dyslexia.
很难估计有多少孩子有诵读困难。
She's suffering a delayed reaction to the shock.
她正在承受着冲击所带来的滞后反应。
Property values have suffered another reverse.
房地产价值再次遭受损失。
She was intelligent but suffered from a lack of ambition.
她很聪明，但却缺乏远大志向。
A lot of students suffer from exam nerves.
许多学生考试怯阵。
He suffers from a rare blood disease.
他患有一种罕见的血液病。
She suffered years of mental torment after her son's death.
儿子去世后，她多年悲痛欲绝。
The army was forced to retreat after suffering heavy losses.
部队因伤亡惨重被迫撤退。
The drug was withdrawn from sale after a number of people suffered serious side effects.
这药因许多人服后产生严重副作用而被停止销售。
She claimed damages from the company for the injury she had suffered.
她因受伤向公司要求获得损害赔偿金。
Many people suffer from mental illness at some point in their lives.
许多人在人生的某个阶段都会得精神病。
【考点过关】
用suffer, suffer from的适当形式填空
1. She _______ from headache.
2. He died very quickly, and didn’t ________ much.
3. So far our business ________ lack of investment.
4. You must be prepared_______ serious consequences.
5. I _______ a real lack of time this week.
6. He ______ defeat last year.
7. Mrs. White’s little boy ________ a bad cold again during these days.
8. Many children in the class ____ severe social and economic disadvantage last year.
9. Many people _______ mental illness at some point in their lives nowadays.
10. He ________ loss of memory for weeks after the accident.
11. Many companies ________ a shortage of skilled staff now.
12. The team ________ a shock defeat in the first round last month.
13. Those _______ infectious diseases were separated from the other patients.
14. People ________ many hardships during that long winter.
15. He often _______ a serious heart condition.
16. He ________ a serious injury that obliged him to give up work.
【参考答案】
1. suffers; 2. suffer; 3. has suffered from; 4. to suffer; 5. am suffering from; 6. suffered; 7. is suffering from; 8. suffered; 9. suffer from; 10. suffered; 11. are suffering from; 12. suffered; 13. suffering from; 14. suffered; 15. suffers from; 16. suffered
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