人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册 Unit3 Environmental Protection Using Language and Assessing Your Progress and Vide
文档属性
| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册 Unit3 Environmental Protection Using Language and Assessing Your Progress and Vide |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 21.8KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-13 07:54:45 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
Unit3 Using Language, Assessing Your Progress and Video Time能力提升练
I.阅读理解
主题语境：人与自然 难易度：★★ 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：8
（2019天津十二所重点中学联考二）
Tiny microbes（微生物）are at the heart of a new agricultural technique to manage harmful greenhouse gas emissions. Scientists have discovered that microbes can be used to turn carbon dioxide into soil-enriching limestone（石灰岩）with the help of a type of tree that grows in tropical areas, such as West Africa.
Researchers have found that when the iroko tree is grown in dry, acidic soil and treated with a combination of natural fungi（霉菌）and other bacteria, not only does the tree grow well, it also produces mineral limestone in the soil around its roots.
The iroko tree makes a mineral by combining calcium from the earth with carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Bacteria then create the conditions under which this mineral turns into limestone. The discovery offers a new way to lock carbon dioxide into the soil, keeping it out of the atmosphere. In addition to storing carbon dioxide in the trees’ leaves and in the form of limestone, the mineral in the soil makes it more suitable for agriculture.
The discovery could lead to reforestation projects in tropical countries, and help reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere in the developing world. It has already been used in West Africa and is being tested in Bolivia, Haiti and India.
The findings were made in a three-year project involving researchers from the University of Edinburgh, the University of Lausanne, Universidad de Granada and Delft University of Technology.
The project examined several microbiological methods for locking carbon dioxide as limestone, and the iroko-bacteria way showed the best results. Work was funded by the European Commission under the Future Emerging Technologies (FET) scheme.
Dr Bryne Ngwenya of the University of Edinburgh’s School of Geosciences, who led the research, said, “By taking advantage of this natural limestone-producing process, we have a low-tech, safe and easily operating way to lock carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere, while improving farming conditions in tropical countries.”
1. The passage mainly introduces ________.
A. some useful natural fungi and bacteria
B. a new way to deal with greenhouse gas emissions
C. a newly found tree in West Africa
D. the soil-enriching limestone created by scientists
2. Which of the following is TRUE about tiny microbes
A. Most tiny microbes like living in dry, acidic soil.
B. Carbon dioxide can be broken down by natural fungi and bacteria.
C. The more greenhouse gas is, the more active tiny microbes become.
D. Tiny microbes get along well with the iroko tree in special soil.
3. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to
A. Carbon dioxide.
B. Carbon.
C. Soil.
D. Limestone.
4. According to the passage, what can we infer
A. The action of the tiny microbes can increase the OXY gen in the earth.
B. Researchers have done the experiment on trees in Africa for three years.
C. Researchers tend to use natural power to solve their problems.
D. West Africa is one of the most polluted areas all over the world.
5. According to the passage, the iroko-bacteria method ________.
A. can be used to improve the farming land
B. can save a lot of seriously destroyed woods
C. has been popularized in Bolivia, Haiti and India
D. should be spread all around the world in the future
Ⅱ.七选五
主题语境：人与自然 难易度：★★ 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：8
（2020山东实验中学高二检测）
The increasing environmental problems and need for eco-friendly products and services are creating a new job section of green-collar jobs. 1 It is expected that by 2025 about 25% of the jobs in developed countries will be of green-collar jobs. Doesn’t the data look promising for the future
2 And jobs will pop up at every income level, from environmental manager to gardener. For example, many countries including the United States have understood that fossil fuels have negative effect on the environment which can later become a serious danger to mankind. 3 The increasing demand for new resources has created the need for experts and researchers who can find better ways to deal with the ongoing needs. In addition, in order to meet the increasing demand for environment-friendly equipment, both green product designers and educated and trained workers are needed. Management of environmental organizations also demands a large number of environmental managers.
4 The Internet is undoubtedly the best way to find information on almost any matter. Nowadays, different kinds of jobs are being posted online. Search through a couple of job websites to look for a bright future in energy conversion and recycling of waste management. Check regularly and find the right work for yourself. 5
A. Where can you find green-collar jobs
B. People who take green careers will be well paid
C. Forget the blue-collar and white-collar categories.
D. Green-collar jobs have become a bright career chance for all.
E. People who read newspapers can also find different kinds of green-collar jobs.
F. As a result, possibilities are being explored to find alternatives to satisfy demands in a better way.
G. Many countries of the world have realized the importance of and the need for energy-saving products and services.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
Ⅲ读后续写
主题语境：人与自然 难易度：★★★ 语篇类型：记叙文 建议用时：20
（2019山东烟台高二八校联考）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Jack and his wife Tonya were sailing around Africa with their friends Max and Sasha. One day they saw a big fishing boat. It was moving fast.
“Hello!” they shouted. The men on the boat looked at them angrily. Max looked carefully at the boat.
“Something is wrong with their fishing net,” he said. They got nearer to the net.
“What’s that ” said Tonya. “There is something in the net, It’s alive.”
Very slowly they moved nearer.
“I can see it now,” said Tonya. “It’s a killer whale—it’s hurt. There’s blood in the water. How can we help it ”
“I can see it too. It’s a baby but we must be careful.” said Max.
Jack jumped into the water. “I can get the net off its fin（鳍）, ” he said.
Jack got the net off the baby killer whale. There was a big cut on its fin. It swam away. Suddenly there were other killer whales near the boat.
“Jack!” shouted Tonya. “Get on quickly.” Jack swam to the boat as fast as a fish. “That baby killer whale…I am going to call it Lucky,” he said.
As they moved away, it began to rain harder and harder.
Jack said, “We must get away from the wind. I can see a town over there. Let’s go.”
The town got nearer but the waves got bigger. Suddenly a very big wave hit the boat. “Is everyone OK ” shouted Jack.
“Tonya She’s not in the boat,” said Sasha. “She’s in the water!”
They looked into the cold, dark water for hours. “Tonya! Say something, Tonya! Where are you ” shouted Max.
The wind got stronger and the boat was full of water. Another big wave hit the boat.
“Jack, do you want us all to die ” said Max. “We can’t do any more. Tonya is wearing a life jacket（救生衣）and she can swim very well. Let’s sail to the town.”
Moments later the boat hit a beach. They got off. Max and Sasha slept on the beach. Jack sat near the water, looking at the sea and thinking about Tonya.
Paragraph 1:
At that time, Tonya was five hundred meters away out in the sea.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Jack was walking along the beach and suddenly he
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
Ⅰ.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家发现在伊罗科树的帮助下，微生物可以将二氧化碳转化为石灰岩，这种方法可以用来处理温室气体。
1.B【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段首句可知，微生物是处理有害温室气体的农业新技术的核心，本文介绍的就是利用这种新技术处理温室气体的方法，故B项正确。
2.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，当伊罗科树生长在干燥、酸性的土壤中并经过天然真菌和其他细菌的组合处理后，它不仅生长良好，还会在根部周围的土壤中产生矿物质石灰岩。由此可知，在某种特殊的土壤中，伊罗科树能够和微生物相处得很好，故D项正确。
3.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句 In addition to storin carbon dioxide in the trees’ leaves and in the form of limestone, the mineral in the soil makes it more suitable for agriculture.可知，除了在树叶中和以石灰岩的形式储存二氧化碳外，土壤中的矿物质使土壤更适合农业生产。由此可知，it指代的就是前面提到的“土壤”，故C项正确。
4.C【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的 The project examined several microbiological methods for locking carbon dioxide as limestone，and the iroko-bacteria way showed the best results.可知，该项目研究了多种将二氧化碳锁定为石灰岩的微生物方法，其中伊罗科树与细菌结合的方法效果最好。再结合最后一段内容可知，研究人员倾向于使用自然力量来解决温室气体的问题，故C项正确。
5.A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中 Dr Bryne Ngwenya的话可知，通过利用这种天然的石灰岩生产过程，“我们”有了一种不涉及高科技的、安全的、易于操作的方法来阻止二氧化碳进入大气，同时改善热带国家的农业条件。由此可知，这种方法能够用于改善耕地，故A项正确。D项干扰性较强，但文中并未提及这种技术将来应被普及到全世界，故该项不入选。
【高频词汇】1. mineral n.矿物；矿物质2. fund vt.为……提供资金；资助3. take advantage of利用
长难句分析
原句 Researchers have found that when the iroko tree is grown in dry, acidic soil and treated with a combination of natural fungi（霉菌）and other bacteria, not only does the tree grow well, it also produces mineral limestone in the soil around its roots.
句意 研究人员发现，当伊罗科树生长在干燥、酸性的土壤中并经过天然霉菌和其他细菌的组合处理后，它不仅生长良好，还会在根部周围的土壤中产生矿物质石灰岩。
分析 句中 found后面是由that引导的宾语从句；宾语从句是一个主从复合句，when引导的是时间状语从句，而主句由 not only…but also…连接，省略了but；not only…but also…连接两个并列分句并且 not only前置时，not only后面的分句要部分倒装。
Ⅱ.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了环保事业的未来是光明的，开发新的资源可能创造“绿领工作”。
1.G【解析】空前提到环保问题剧增及相关环保行业的兴起，空后提到预计到2025年发达国家大约有25%的工作将会是绿领工作，说明世界上已有很多国家意识到了节能的重要性，并认识到环保行业的必要性。此处体现的是顺承关系，故选G。products and services为线索。
2.D【解析】此空位于句首，属于段落主题句。本段通过列举一些工作机会说明了绿领工作有前途。D项符合文意，故选D。
3.F【解析】前面提到许多像美国一样的大国已经意识到化石燃料对环境有负面影响，后文提到对资源的需求。因此，这里应承上启下，说明由于上面的情况，人们正在探索可替代资源，故选F。
4.A【解析】后文讲述互联网无疑是最好的办法，几乎可以找到任何事的信息。因此前面应是问句，问在哪里可以找到这样的“绿领工作”。故选A。
5.E【解析】本段讲的是在哪里可以找到“绿领工作”，一方面可以在互联网上找，另一方面将要讲述的是经常看报的人也可找到各种“绿领工作”，故选E。
【高频词汇】1. increasing adj.与日俱增的2. promising adj.有前途的3. undoubtedly adv.毋庸置疑地4. alternative n.可供选择的事物
长难句分析
原句 The increasing environmental problems and need for eco-friendly products and services are creating a new job section of green-collar jobs句意与日俱增的环保问题以及对环保产品和服务的需求正在创造一个新的“绿领工作”岗位。
分析 该句的主语中心词是 problems and need； for ecofriendly products and services是定语，修饰need。
III. One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
At that time, Tonya was five hundred meters away out in the sea. The waves were big and the wind was strong. Tonya was swimming with great difficulty when she heard something. Ten meters in front was a killer whale with a big fin. It was making noises. Behind it was another whale. And another… “Killer whales eat people. I’m going to die,” thought Tonya. The killer whales came nearer and nearer. Tonya closed her eyes. The next moment she was on the back of a killer whale. It moved towards the beach.
Paragraph 2:
Jack was walking along the beach and suddenly he saw something in the distance. He walked nearer. It was a woman. “Tonya ” he ran and shouted. “Is that you ” cried Tonya. “Oh Jack! You’re OK!” Jack hugged Tonya tightly. He couldn’t speak! “Max and Sasha ” “OK,” answered Jack. “How lucky we are!” Tonya saw a small fin in the water. It moved slowly to the sea. “It’s waving goodbye,” thought Tonya. “Lucky. Yes, Lucky,” she said quietly to Jack.
2 / 2
I.阅读理解
主题语境：人与自然 难易度：★★ 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：8
（2019天津十二所重点中学联考二）
Tiny microbes（微生物）are at the heart of a new agricultural technique to manage harmful greenhouse gas emissions. Scientists have discovered that microbes can be used to turn carbon dioxide into soil-enriching limestone（石灰岩）with the help of a type of tree that grows in tropical areas, such as West Africa.
Researchers have found that when the iroko tree is grown in dry, acidic soil and treated with a combination of natural fungi（霉菌）and other bacteria, not only does the tree grow well, it also produces mineral limestone in the soil around its roots.
The iroko tree makes a mineral by combining calcium from the earth with carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Bacteria then create the conditions under which this mineral turns into limestone. The discovery offers a new way to lock carbon dioxide into the soil, keeping it out of the atmosphere. In addition to storing carbon dioxide in the trees’ leaves and in the form of limestone, the mineral in the soil makes it more suitable for agriculture.
The discovery could lead to reforestation projects in tropical countries, and help reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere in the developing world. It has already been used in West Africa and is being tested in Bolivia, Haiti and India.
The findings were made in a three-year project involving researchers from the University of Edinburgh, the University of Lausanne, Universidad de Granada and Delft University of Technology.
The project examined several microbiological methods for locking carbon dioxide as limestone, and the iroko-bacteria way showed the best results. Work was funded by the European Commission under the Future Emerging Technologies (FET) scheme.
Dr Bryne Ngwenya of the University of Edinburgh’s School of Geosciences, who led the research, said, “By taking advantage of this natural limestone-producing process, we have a low-tech, safe and easily operating way to lock carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere, while improving farming conditions in tropical countries.”
1. The passage mainly introduces ________.
A. some useful natural fungi and bacteria
B. a new way to deal with greenhouse gas emissions
C. a newly found tree in West Africa
D. the soil-enriching limestone created by scientists
2. Which of the following is TRUE about tiny microbes
A. Most tiny microbes like living in dry, acidic soil.
B. Carbon dioxide can be broken down by natural fungi and bacteria.
C. The more greenhouse gas is, the more active tiny microbes become.
D. Tiny microbes get along well with the iroko tree in special soil.
3. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to
A. Carbon dioxide.
B. Carbon.
C. Soil.
D. Limestone.
4. According to the passage, what can we infer
A. The action of the tiny microbes can increase the OXY gen in the earth.
B. Researchers have done the experiment on trees in Africa for three years.
C. Researchers tend to use natural power to solve their problems.
D. West Africa is one of the most polluted areas all over the world.
5. According to the passage, the iroko-bacteria method ________.
A. can be used to improve the farming land
B. can save a lot of seriously destroyed woods
C. has been popularized in Bolivia, Haiti and India
D. should be spread all around the world in the future
Ⅱ.七选五
主题语境：人与自然 难易度：★★ 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：8
（2020山东实验中学高二检测）
The increasing environmental problems and need for eco-friendly products and services are creating a new job section of green-collar jobs. 1 It is expected that by 2025 about 25% of the jobs in developed countries will be of green-collar jobs. Doesn’t the data look promising for the future
2 And jobs will pop up at every income level, from environmental manager to gardener. For example, many countries including the United States have understood that fossil fuels have negative effect on the environment which can later become a serious danger to mankind. 3 The increasing demand for new resources has created the need for experts and researchers who can find better ways to deal with the ongoing needs. In addition, in order to meet the increasing demand for environment-friendly equipment, both green product designers and educated and trained workers are needed. Management of environmental organizations also demands a large number of environmental managers.
4 The Internet is undoubtedly the best way to find information on almost any matter. Nowadays, different kinds of jobs are being posted online. Search through a couple of job websites to look for a bright future in energy conversion and recycling of waste management. Check regularly and find the right work for yourself. 5
A. Where can you find green-collar jobs
B. People who take green careers will be well paid
C. Forget the blue-collar and white-collar categories.
D. Green-collar jobs have become a bright career chance for all.
E. People who read newspapers can also find different kinds of green-collar jobs.
F. As a result, possibilities are being explored to find alternatives to satisfy demands in a better way.
G. Many countries of the world have realized the importance of and the need for energy-saving products and services.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
Ⅲ读后续写
主题语境：人与自然 难易度：★★★ 语篇类型：记叙文 建议用时：20
（2019山东烟台高二八校联考）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Jack and his wife Tonya were sailing around Africa with their friends Max and Sasha. One day they saw a big fishing boat. It was moving fast.
“Hello!” they shouted. The men on the boat looked at them angrily. Max looked carefully at the boat.
“Something is wrong with their fishing net,” he said. They got nearer to the net.
“What’s that ” said Tonya. “There is something in the net, It’s alive.”
Very slowly they moved nearer.
“I can see it now,” said Tonya. “It’s a killer whale—it’s hurt. There’s blood in the water. How can we help it ”
“I can see it too. It’s a baby but we must be careful.” said Max.
Jack jumped into the water. “I can get the net off its fin（鳍）, ” he said.
Jack got the net off the baby killer whale. There was a big cut on its fin. It swam away. Suddenly there were other killer whales near the boat.
“Jack!” shouted Tonya. “Get on quickly.” Jack swam to the boat as fast as a fish. “That baby killer whale…I am going to call it Lucky,” he said.
As they moved away, it began to rain harder and harder.
Jack said, “We must get away from the wind. I can see a town over there. Let’s go.”
The town got nearer but the waves got bigger. Suddenly a very big wave hit the boat. “Is everyone OK ” shouted Jack.
“Tonya She’s not in the boat,” said Sasha. “She’s in the water!”
They looked into the cold, dark water for hours. “Tonya! Say something, Tonya! Where are you ” shouted Max.
The wind got stronger and the boat was full of water. Another big wave hit the boat.
“Jack, do you want us all to die ” said Max. “We can’t do any more. Tonya is wearing a life jacket（救生衣）and she can swim very well. Let’s sail to the town.”
Moments later the boat hit a beach. They got off. Max and Sasha slept on the beach. Jack sat near the water, looking at the sea and thinking about Tonya.
Paragraph 1:
At that time, Tonya was five hundred meters away out in the sea.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Jack was walking along the beach and suddenly he
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
Ⅰ.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家发现在伊罗科树的帮助下，微生物可以将二氧化碳转化为石灰岩，这种方法可以用来处理温室气体。
1.B【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段首句可知，微生物是处理有害温室气体的农业新技术的核心，本文介绍的就是利用这种新技术处理温室气体的方法，故B项正确。
2.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，当伊罗科树生长在干燥、酸性的土壤中并经过天然真菌和其他细菌的组合处理后，它不仅生长良好，还会在根部周围的土壤中产生矿物质石灰岩。由此可知，在某种特殊的土壤中，伊罗科树能够和微生物相处得很好，故D项正确。
3.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句 In addition to storin carbon dioxide in the trees’ leaves and in the form of limestone, the mineral in the soil makes it more suitable for agriculture.可知，除了在树叶中和以石灰岩的形式储存二氧化碳外，土壤中的矿物质使土壤更适合农业生产。由此可知，it指代的就是前面提到的“土壤”，故C项正确。
4.C【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的 The project examined several microbiological methods for locking carbon dioxide as limestone，and the iroko-bacteria way showed the best results.可知，该项目研究了多种将二氧化碳锁定为石灰岩的微生物方法，其中伊罗科树与细菌结合的方法效果最好。再结合最后一段内容可知，研究人员倾向于使用自然力量来解决温室气体的问题，故C项正确。
5.A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中 Dr Bryne Ngwenya的话可知，通过利用这种天然的石灰岩生产过程，“我们”有了一种不涉及高科技的、安全的、易于操作的方法来阻止二氧化碳进入大气，同时改善热带国家的农业条件。由此可知，这种方法能够用于改善耕地，故A项正确。D项干扰性较强，但文中并未提及这种技术将来应被普及到全世界，故该项不入选。
【高频词汇】1. mineral n.矿物；矿物质2. fund vt.为……提供资金；资助3. take advantage of利用
长难句分析
原句 Researchers have found that when the iroko tree is grown in dry, acidic soil and treated with a combination of natural fungi（霉菌）and other bacteria, not only does the tree grow well, it also produces mineral limestone in the soil around its roots.
句意 研究人员发现，当伊罗科树生长在干燥、酸性的土壤中并经过天然霉菌和其他细菌的组合处理后，它不仅生长良好，还会在根部周围的土壤中产生矿物质石灰岩。
分析 句中 found后面是由that引导的宾语从句；宾语从句是一个主从复合句，when引导的是时间状语从句，而主句由 not only…but also…连接，省略了but；not only…but also…连接两个并列分句并且 not only前置时，not only后面的分句要部分倒装。
Ⅱ.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了环保事业的未来是光明的，开发新的资源可能创造“绿领工作”。
1.G【解析】空前提到环保问题剧增及相关环保行业的兴起，空后提到预计到2025年发达国家大约有25%的工作将会是绿领工作，说明世界上已有很多国家意识到了节能的重要性，并认识到环保行业的必要性。此处体现的是顺承关系，故选G。products and services为线索。
2.D【解析】此空位于句首，属于段落主题句。本段通过列举一些工作机会说明了绿领工作有前途。D项符合文意，故选D。
3.F【解析】前面提到许多像美国一样的大国已经意识到化石燃料对环境有负面影响，后文提到对资源的需求。因此，这里应承上启下，说明由于上面的情况，人们正在探索可替代资源，故选F。
4.A【解析】后文讲述互联网无疑是最好的办法，几乎可以找到任何事的信息。因此前面应是问句，问在哪里可以找到这样的“绿领工作”。故选A。
5.E【解析】本段讲的是在哪里可以找到“绿领工作”，一方面可以在互联网上找，另一方面将要讲述的是经常看报的人也可找到各种“绿领工作”，故选E。
【高频词汇】1. increasing adj.与日俱增的2. promising adj.有前途的3. undoubtedly adv.毋庸置疑地4. alternative n.可供选择的事物
长难句分析
原句 The increasing environmental problems and need for eco-friendly products and services are creating a new job section of green-collar jobs句意与日俱增的环保问题以及对环保产品和服务的需求正在创造一个新的“绿领工作”岗位。
分析 该句的主语中心词是 problems and need； for ecofriendly products and services是定语，修饰need。
III. One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
At that time, Tonya was five hundred meters away out in the sea. The waves were big and the wind was strong. Tonya was swimming with great difficulty when she heard something. Ten meters in front was a killer whale with a big fin. It was making noises. Behind it was another whale. And another… “Killer whales eat people. I’m going to die,” thought Tonya. The killer whales came nearer and nearer. Tonya closed her eyes. The next moment she was on the back of a killer whale. It moved towards the beach.
Paragraph 2:
Jack was walking along the beach and suddenly he saw something in the distance. He walked nearer. It was a woman. “Tonya ” he ran and shouted. “Is that you ” cried Tonya. “Oh Jack! You’re OK!” Jack hugged Tonya tightly. He couldn’t speak! “Max and Sasha ” “OK,” answered Jack. “How lucky we are!” Tonya saw a small fin in the water. It moved slowly to the sea. “It’s waving goodbye,” thought Tonya. “Lucky. Yes, Lucky,” she said quietly to Jack.
2 / 2