人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第三册 Unit4 Adversity and Courage单元语法详解课件(共14张PPT)

(共14张PPT)
Unit 4 Adversity and courage
单元语法详解
人教版新教材选择性必修三
本单元重点语法
现在完成进行时
◆原句再现
An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest
Shackleton– this is the adventure that I have been dreaming
of. (教材 P38)
b. We are now camped on ice and we have been managing
to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin
o melt.(教材 P38)
c. We have been struggling for days, but things no Elephant
Island are going from bad to worse. (教材 P39)
d. The dog has been barking for about two hours, and I really
hope it will stop soon. (教材 P41)
◆ 现在完成进行时的构成
●第三人称单数：he/she/it + has been + 现在分词(doing)…
● 其它人称：I/we/you/they + have been + 现在分词(doing)….
◆ 直现在完成进行时的用法
● 表示动作发生在过去并一直持续到现在. 这一动作可能刚停止，也可能继续进行下去，常与延续性动词连用。常带有动作起迄时间的状语，如：since last week; since 2018等或带有由 since 引导的时间状语从句；还可以是表示时间段的时间状语.如：for an hour, for
a few days, for these days, 请观察以下句子
a. Tom has been working hard since the new term began.
b. We have been making handcrafts for ten years.
c. He has been living here since 2015.
d. They have been doing the experiment since last year.
※温馨告知：非延续性动词,如：end, finish, leave, start, begin, come,
Go, marry 等不能用于现在完成进行时
● 表示到说话时为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作，常带有厌恶
或赞美感激等感彩，请观察以下句子
a. He has been saying that twenty times.
这话他已经说了二十遍了
b. They have been calling on me several times this week.
他们这个星期几次来看我
c. The scientist has been doing the experiment many times this month.
这个月这位科学家多次做这个实验
● 表示不久前刚结束的动作，这种语境通常根据上下文来判断，请
观察以下句子
Sorry! I’m late. How long have you been waiting for me
抱歉，我来迟了. 你等了多次长时间？
b. hello! At last! I have been telephoning you all the morning.
喂，可找着你了，我一早上都在给你打电话呢
● 某些不能用于进行时的动词同样也不能用于现在完成进行时，只能用于完成时，这类动词有：see, hear, know, have(有）, like, be 等
感官动词和某些表示思维活动的动词，请观察以下句子
a. I have been knowing him for many years. (错误）
I have known him for many years. (正确）
我认识他已经很多年了
b. They have been seeing the film this week. (错误)
They have seen the film this week. (正确)
这周他们已经看过这部电影了
◆ 现在完成进行时的基本形式（以动词 do 为例），请观察下表
肯定式 否定式 一般疑问式及回答
He has been dong sth. He hasn’t been doing sth. Has he/she/it been doing
Yes, he/she/it has.
No, he/she/it hasn’t
She has been doing sth. She hasn’t been doing sth. It has been doing sth. It hasn’t been doing sth. I have been doing sth. I haven’t been doing sth. Have I/we/you/they been
Doing sth.
Yes, you/we/I/they have.
No, you/we/I/they haven’t
We have been doing sth. We haven’t been doing sth. You have been doing sth. You haven’t been doing sth. They have been doing sth. They haven’t been doing sth.
◆时现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别
● 现在完成时表示曾经发生的动作对现在造成的影响或动作已经完成，而现在完成进行时则强调动作仍在继续，请观察以下句子
a. He has interviewed the famous table tennis player.
他采访了那位著名的乒乓球运动员
b. He has been interviewing the famous table tennis player.
他一直在采访那位著名的乒乓球运动员
● 现在完成时强调动作的最后结果，而现在完成进行时则强调动作的直接结果，请观察以下句子
The boy has finished his homework. He can go out to play.
这个男孩儿做完了作业，可以出去玩耍了
You look tired. What have you been doing
你看起来很累的样子，你一直在做什么？
● 现在完成时有时可以和现在完成进行时互换, 但必须时延续性动词,如果强调动作的未完成性或持续性,多半用现在完成进行时, 请观
察以下句子
a. The lady has lived in Shanghai for three years.
The lady has been living in Shanghai for three years.
b. The foreigner has worked in the company these years.
The foreigner has been working in the company these years.
c. He has been living here since he was born.
◆ 考点训练
1. -- I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.
-- I think so. He ________ for it for months.
is preparing B. was preparing
C. had been preparing D. has been preparing
2. By the time he realizes he _________ into a trap, it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it.
A. walks B. walked C. has walked D. had walked
3. So far this year we _______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.
A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen
D
C
D
● 从 A、B、C、D. 四个选项中选出最佳选项
4. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year.
studies B. studied
C. is studying D. has been studying
5. Danny _________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular.
A. works B. is working C. has worked D. had worked
6. --I have got a headache. --No wonder. You _______ in front of that computer too long.
work B. are working
C. have been working D. worked
D
C
C
7. The unemployment rate in this district_______ from 6% to 5% in the past two years.
has fallen B. had fallen
C. is falling D. was falling
8. Now that she is out of job, Lucy __________ going back to school，but she hasn’t decided yet.
had considered B. has been considering
C. considered D. is going to consider
9. --______ you _____ him around the museum yet
--Yes. We had a great time there.
Have ; shown B. Do ; show
C. Had; shown D. Did; show
A
B
A
10. --Hi, Tracy，you look pale.
--I am tired. I _______ the living room all day.
painted B. had painted
C. have been painting D. have painted
C
● 用括号内动词的适当时态填空
1. All these years they _____________________ (contribute) articles to our magazine.
2. I ______________________drink coffee this afternoon.
3. You know, I ___________________ (look) for a job for three months,
and this is my first formal interview.
4. The little boy is dirty all over because he ________________ (play) in the mud all the morning.
5. Here he is! We ___________________ (wait) anxiously for him since last night.
have been contributing
have been drinking
have been looking
have been playing
have been waiting
That’s all!
Thank you!