黑龙江省鸡西市2014高考英语阅读理解金榜题名基础训练（12）及答案
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黑龙江省鸡西市2014高考英语阅读理解金榜题名基础训练（12）及答案
阅读理解
I don't think comic book "collector" really applies to me at all. I’m probably more of a comic book "appreciator". My interest has always been in what can be accomplished with the medium of "visual story-telling".
I'm not sure exactly where this interest of mine came from. I do know that as a child, comic books allowed me to improve my reading skills. “The Mighty Thor" helped me develop an interest in old legends, and “Challengers of the Unknown" got me crazy about science fiction. The combination of words and pictures was a perfect springboard for my childhood imagination.
How does one learn to appreciate comic book art? There is a classic example that sheds quite a bit of light on the subject. Writer Scott Macloud just explains what makes a comic book stand out in his best selling book Understanding Comics. The book, first published in 1994, has been translated into 13 languages and is practically a bible for students studying graphic illustration (图示说明) in novels.
On the internet there are some cool comic book sites to be found—hundreds and hundreds of them as a matter of fact. More than a few are dedicated to super heroes and the like. But there are some choice sites that I would visit, because they provide some great resources that discuss the comic book as an art form. Noteworthy among them is a great article and interview at www. rcharvey. corn, which discusses the impact of several artists and writers in the field.
I have a huge admiration for anyone who can produce comic stories that can make readers think, laugh and cry. Maybe make them dream.
Check it out. Spend two dollars on a comic book and read it with your children. Or better yet, search out some of the more “adult" tides and read it for yourself. You may find yourself enjoying what you see and read. You may even find yourself wanting more.
1. What does the author mainly intend to talk about in Paragraph 2?
A. Influence of comic books on reading in childhood.
B. Ways to improve one's reading skills.
C. Subjects of comic books.
D. Popularity of two comic books.
答案解析：答案为A。本题为段落大意题。细读第二段可知 “I'm not sure exactly where this interest of mine came from. I do know that as a child, comic books allowed me to improve my reading skills.”为本段的中心句，后面的内容都是对此进行了解释说明，故答案为A。
2. The underlined part "sheds quite a bit of light on" (Para．3) means "____".
A. does a basic research on B. causes a fierce debate on
C. provides new information on D. makes a quick survey on
答案解析：答案为C。本题为语义推断题。结合划线部分的后面两句话可知，Writer Scott Macloud写了一本书，被翻译成13种语言，帮助学生理解漫画。划线部分的意思与C选项最接近。故答案为C。
3. If you want to know a few good writers of comic books, you will probably ____.
A. read Understanding Comics B. visit www．rcharvey．corn
C. buy some comic books D. turn to comic story writers
答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节题。由第四段最后一句话 “Noteworthy among them is a great article and interview at www. rcharvey. corn, which discusses the impact of several artists and writers in the field.”可知，答案为B。
4. What does the author encourage people to do?
A. Develop an interest in old legends and science fiction.
B. Share a comic book with children.
C. Produce some comic stories.
D. Spend money and time appreciating comic books.
答案解析：答案为D。本题考查作者的态度观点。由最后一段 “Check it out. Spend two dollars on a comic book and read it with your children.”可知，答案为D。
Passage Two
(The Tourist Trade Contributes Absolutely Nothing to Increasing Understanding between Nations) ? ? ?The tourist trade is booming. With all this coming and going, you’d expect greater understanding to develop between the nations of the world. Not a bit of it! Superb systems of communication by air, sea and land make it possible for us to visit each other’s countries at a moderate cost. What was once the ‘grand tour’, reserved for only the very rich, is now within everybody’s grasp? The package tour and chartered flights are not to be sneered at. Modern travelers enjoy a level of comfort which the lords and ladies on grand tours in the old days couldn’t have dreamed of. But what’s the sense of this mass exchange of populations if the nations of the world remain basically ignorant of each other? ? ? ?Many tourist organizations are directly responsible for this state of affairs. They deliberately set out to protect their clients from too much contact with the local population. The modern tourist leads a cosseted, sheltered life. He lives at international hotels, where he eats his international food and sips his international drink while he gazes at the natives from a distance. Conducted tours to places of interest are carefully censored. The tourist is allowed to see only what the organizers want him to see and no more. A strict schedule makes it impossible for the tourist to wander off on his own; and anyway, language is always a barrier, so he is only too happy to be protected in this way. At its very worst, this leads to a new and hideous kind of colonization. The summer quarters of the inhabitants of the cite universitaire: are temporarily reestablished on the island of Corfu. Blackpool is recreated at Torremolinos where the traveler goes not to eat paella, but fish and chips. ? ? ?The sad thing about this situation is that it leads to the persistence of national stereotypes. We don’t see the people of other nations as they really are, but as we have been brought up to believe they are. You can test this for yourself. Take five nationalities, say, French, German, English, American and Italian. Now in your mind, match them with these five adjectives: musical, amorous, cold, pedantic, native. Far from providing us with any insight into the national characteristics of the peoples just mentioned, these adjectives actually act as barriers. So when you set out on your travels, the only characteristics you notice are those which confirm your preconceptions. You come away with the highly unoriginal and inaccurate impression that, say, ‘Anglo-Saxons are hypocrites’ of that ‘Latin peoples shout a lot’. You only have to make a few foreign friends to understand how absurd and harmful national stereotypes are. But how can you make foreign friends when the tourist trade does its best to prevent you? ? ? ?Carried to an extreme, stereotypes can be positively dangerous. Wild generalizations stir up racial hatred and blind us to the basic fact—how trite it sounds! – That all people are human. We are all similar to each other and at the same time all unique. 1.The best title for this passage is [A] tourism contributes nothing to increasing understanding between nations. Tourism is tiresome. [C] Conducted tour is dull. [D] tourism really does something to one’s country. 2.What is the author’s attitude toward tourism? [A] apprehensive. negative. [C] critical. [D] appreciative. 3.Which word in the following is the best to summarize Latin people shout a lot? [A] silent. noisy. [C] lively. [D] active. 4.The purpose of the author’s criticism is to point out [A] conducted tour is disappointing. the way of touring should be changed. [C] when traveling, you notice characteristics which confirm preconception. [D] national stereotypes should be changed. 5.What is ‘grand tour’ now?[A] moderate cost. local sight-seeing is investigated by the tourist organization. [C] people enjoy the first-rate comforts. [D] everybody can enjoy the ‘grand tour’. Vocabulary 1.superb ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?卓越的，杰出的，第一流的 2.moderate ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?中庸的，中等的，适度的 3.grand tour ? ? ? ? ? ?大旅行，指旧时英国富家子弟教育中， ? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?到欧洲大陆观光的旅行，为学业必经阶段。 4.package tour ? ? ? ? ? ?由旅行社代办而费用与路线、 ? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?日程固定的假日旅游。也可用package holiday。 5.chartered flight ? ? ? ? ? ?包机航班 6.set out to do sth. = begin a job with a particular aim开始做某事， ? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?决心/打算做…… 7.cosset ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?宠爱，溺爱，纵容 8.conducted tour = guided tour ? ? ?有人指导/引到下的参观，有导游的旅游 ? ? ? ? ? ? 9.censor ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?检查 10.wander off ? ? ? ? ? ?离开原处/正道，离群，漫步，漫游 11.quarters ? ? ? ? ? ?住处，营 12.paella ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?西班牙什锦饭 13.chip ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?炸马铃薯条（土豆条） 14.amorous ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?多情的，色情的 15.pedantic ? ? ? ? ? ?学究式的，卖弄学问的 16.generalization ? ? ? ? ? ?归纳，概括 17.stir up ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?惹起，煽动，挑起 18.trite ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?陈腐的，老一套的 难句译注 1.What was once the ‘grand tour’, reserved for only the very rich, is now within everybody’s grasp. 【结构简析】within sb.’s grasp.某人理解/了解，为某人所能抓到的。 【参考译文】一度只有最富有者专享的“大旅行”现在人人都可获得。 2.The package tour and chartered flights are not to be sneered at. 【参考译文】旅行社包办的旅游，包机航班决不会遭人耻笑。 3.They deliberately set out to protect their clients from too much contact with the local population. 【参考译文】旅行社有意使他们的谷底和当地居民少接触。 4.The modern tourist heads a cosseted sheltered life. 【参考译文】现代旅行者过的使爱护有加与世隔绝的生活。 5.Conducted tours to places of interest are carefully censored. 【参考译文】有人指导下参观一些静电收到组织者――旅行社仔细的检查核准。 6.A strict schedule makes it impossible for the tourist to wander off on his own; and anyway, language is always barrier, so he is only too happy to be protected in this way. 【结构简析】only too + 形容词/分词 = very非常。 【参考译文】严格致密的计划值得旅行者不可能自己一个人到处闲逛；再说，至少语言总是个障碍，所以他对这样保护非常高兴。 7.At its very worst, this leads to a new and hideous kind of colonization. 【结构简析】at one’s worst 在情况最坏的时候。 【参考译文】最糟的时候，这种保护会导致形成一种新型而又可怕的殖民现象。 8.Carried to an extreme, stereotypes can be positively dangerous. 【结构简析】carried to an extreme (to an excess )如果做得过分。 【参考译文】如果走向极端，模式化的想法会非常危险。 9.Wild generalizations stir up racial hatred and blind us to the basic fact. 【参考译文】野蛮（乱七八糟）的概括/归纳会激起种族仇恨，使我们对这基本事实视而不见。 写作方法与文章大意 文章主要采用因果写法。虽然旅游业发展，人们可享受以前只有最富有者享受的大旅游，但由于旅行社种种限制/呵护及其它，使旅游者难以和当地居民接触。陈旧的固定的想――对民族的模式化想法，只有通过接触才能接触模式。而旅行社的种种都使人相互难以理解。 答案详解 1.A 旅游对增进民族了解毫无建树。第二段开始点出，许多旅游组织直接负责旅游事宜，他们有意识不让旅游者接触当地居民，让他们过着一种关怀备至又与世隔绝的生活。住的是国际饭店，吃的是国际食品，喝的是国际饮料，在原处观看当地居民。严格有序的计划使旅游者难以自己一人闲逛，语言的障碍，又使他们乐意接受保护。第三段涉及坚持民族模式化――老一套的想法，所以一开始旅游，你见到的民族特性就只是证实了你自己设想的基本事实――所有人民都是人类。只有交朋友才能知道民族模式是多么荒谬、有害，可是旅行社竭力制止，你又怎么能交上外国朋友呢？这一切说明A项对。 B.旅游很累。C.导游观光很单调乏味。D.旅游确实对国家有贡献。 2.C 批评。 3.B 吵吵闹闹的。 4.B 旅游的方式应改变。整篇文章（除第一段外）都环绕旅游方式不理想来进行批评。第二段集中在导游观光使旅游者难以和当地人民接触。第三段，见到的只是证实了旅游者本人事先形成的思想/先入之见，旅游根本达不到了解对方的目的。第四段讲了民族固定模式（先入之见的模式）的可怕后果。要使人懂得所有的人们都是人类，彼此相似，又各具特点，就得改变旅游的方式。 A.导游观光令人失望。C.旅游时，你见到的 特性证实了你的先入之见。D.民族模式应当改变。这三条都是批评的具体内容。 5.D 人人都能享受大旅游。大旅行是专指英国富家子弟上学中的一门课程－到欧洲大陆观光。不是人人都能享受。这里用grand tour表示人人都能享受类似grand tour的一切，甚至超过，如第一段指出：现代旅游者享受的舒适设施，达到了大旅行中老爷、小姐们做梦都没有想到的水平。海陆空高级交流联络通讯系统，使人们有可能钱花得不多就能访问、观光别的国家。所以说，曾是有钱人专享的大旅行，普通人也能领略。“grand tour”有引号，表明作为比喻。 A.费用不高。文内是费用合适、中等、恰当。B.当地观光受组织审查。C.人们喜欢一流舒适设施。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。
Abraham Lincoln was born into poverty 200 years ago. At any other time and place, this lowly origin would have dictated his future, but in Lincoln’s case, his self-determination and force of will made it possible for him to secure his seat in his country's history. He has become a role model in the self-made America.
If you want to learn about somebody who didn’t quit, look no further. Abraham Lincoln had two business ventures failed, and the second one made him bankrupt, so he had to spend the next 17 years of his life paying for the debt. He also lost 8 different elections. It seemed that he had never done things right at the first time: the first time he ran for state legislature for Congress, for land officer, for Senate, all of these failed, and the first time he sought the vice-presidential nomination, he got less than 100 votes nationally. But he never found it too shameful to carry on his mission. Then later in 1860, on such a rough road, he made it to the White House. He lived up to his famous saying, “Always bear in mind that your own determination to success is more important than any other.”
He could have quit many times-—-but he didn’t and because he didn’t quit ，he became one of the greatest presidents in the history of America. One important way Lincoln influences present society is that we look back on his life as a role model for future generations. Lincoln’s high character influences us because we compare present-day politicians to the example Lincoln set. A major influence Lincoln has on the united States today is simply through the good example he set when it came to honesty, persistence and leadership.
36.According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements is true?
A. Lincoln was born with a silver spoon in his mouth.
B. Like Lincoln, a poor origin leads to a bright future.
C. America is considered self-made because of Lincoln.
D. Self-determination and will contributed to Lincoln’s success.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据but in Lincoln’s case, his self-determination and force of will made it possible for him to secure his seat in his country's history.可知是林肯的决心和意志导致他的成功。故选D。
37.What is Paragraph Two mainly about?
A. How Lincoln made his way to the White House.
B. Lincoln suffered various failures.
C. Lincoln was a man who never quit.
D. Lincoln once lost two business ventures.
【答案】C
【解析】段落大意题。根据If you want to learn about somebody who didn’t quit, look no further.可知林肯是个不放弃的人。故选C。
38.Which is the correct order of what happened to Lincoln?
a. He was paying off his debt. b. He failed in the run for land officer,
c. He got less than 100 votes nationally. d. he stuck to his mission, e. He went bankrupt.
A. b-c-c-d-a B. c-3.-b-c-d C. 6-c-s-b-d D. d-c-s-b-c
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段的内容可知顺序是：e. He went bankrupt.--a. He was paying off his debt.--b. He failed in the run for land officer,--c. He got less than 100 votes nationally.--d. he stuck to his mission,故选B。
39. What is the fun_ction of Lincoln’s famous saying in Paragraph Two?
A. To tell us that determination is the most important to success.
B. To attract readers1 attention.
C. To show why Lincoln was able to carry on in hard times.
D. To summarize Lincoln’s story.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据Then later in 1860, on such a rough road, he made it to the White House. He lived up to his famous saying, 可知这句话是为了表明为什么他能度过难关。故选C。
40.Why does the writer consider Lincoln as one of the greatest presidents in America?
A. Because he still influences America as a role model.
B. Because he set a good example to the present politicians.
C. Because of his great personalities.
D. Because he went through diverse difficulties.
【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据Lincoln’s high character influences us because we compare present-day politicians to the example Lincoln set.可知林肯还是一个榜样并影响了美国人，故选A。
阅读理解课堂练学案（6）
Passage Fourteen(Antarctica and Environment) Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station – a unique observation post for detecting important changes in the world’s environment. Remote from major sources of pollution and the complex geological and ecological systems that prevail elsewhere, Antarctica makes possible scientific measurements that are often sharper and easier to interpret than those made in other parts of the world. Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early-warning sensor, where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north. One promising field of investigation is glaciology. Scholars from the United States, Switzerland, and France are pursuing seven separate but related projects that reflect their concern for the health of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet – a concern they believe the world at large should share. The Transantarctic Mountain, some of them more than 14,000 feet high, divide the continent into two very different regions. The part of the continent to the “east” of the mountains is a high plateau covered by an ice sheet nearly two miles thick. “West” of the mountain, the half of the continent south of the Americas is also covered by an ice sheet, but there the ice rests on rock that is mostly well below sea level. If the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared, the western part of the continent would be reduced to a sparse cluster of island. While ice and snow are obviously central to many environmental experiments, others focus on the mysterious “dry valley” of Antarctica, valleys that contain little ice or snow even in the depths of winter. Slashed through the mountains of southern Victoria Land, these valleys once held enormous glaciers that descended 9,000 feet from the polar plateau to the Ross Sea. Now the glaciers are gone, perhaps a casualty of the global warming trend during the 10,000 years since the ice age. Even the snow that falls in the dry valleys is blasted out by vicious winds that roars down from the polar plateau to the sea. Left bare are spectacular gorges, rippled fields of sand dunes, clusters of boulders sculptured into fantastic shapes by 100-mile-an-hour winds, and an aura of extraterrestrial desolation. Despite the unearthly aspect of the dry valleys, some scientists believe they may carry a message of hope of the verdant parts of the earth. Some scientists believe that in some cases the dry valleys may soak up pollutants faster than pollutants enter them. 1.What is the best title for this passage? [A] Antarctica and environmental Problems. Antarctica: Earth’s Early-Warning station. [C] Antarctica: a Unique Observation Post. [D] Antarctica: a Mysterious Place. 2.What would the result be if the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared? [A] The western part of the continent would be disappeared. The western part of the continent would be reduced. [C] The western part of the continent would become scattered Islands. [D] The western part of the continent would be reduced to a cluster of Islands. 3.Why are the Dry Valleys left bare? [A] Vicious wind blasts the snow away. It rarely snows. [C] Because of the global warming trend and fierce wind. [D] Sand dunes. 4.Which of the following is true? [A] The “Dry Valleys” have nothing left inside. The “Dry Valleys” never held glaciers. [C] The “Dry Valleys” may carry a message of hope for the verdant. [D] The “Dry Valleys” are useless to scientists. Vocabulary 1.distant-early-warning sensor ? ? ? ? ? ?远距离早期报警传感器 2.plateau ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?高原，高地 3.slash ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?挥砍 4.blast ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?一阵疾风/狂风 5.vicious ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?邪恶的，凶魔般的 6.gorge ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?峡谷 7.ripple ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?起伏，使起微波 8.sand dune ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?沙丘 9.verdant ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?绿色 10.extraterrestrial ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?地球之外的 11.aura ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?气氛 难句译注 1.Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early waning sensor, where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north. 【结构简析】see … as 把……看作。Where定从修饰Antarctic。 【参考译文】因此，越来越多的科学家把南极洲视为一个远距离早期报警敏感器，在那里地球许多潜在的危险动向早在它们出现于北方以前就能发现。 2.The part of the continent to the “east” of the mountain 东指的使印度正南的这一部分。或山移动的那部分洲。 3.an aura of extraterrestrial desolation 应译为：与地球格格不入的一种荒凉隔绝的气氛。或与世隔绝的一种荒凉气氛。 写作方法与文章大意 这是一篇有关南极洲科研考察的重要性的科普文章。采用因果，点面结合写法。首先提出：由于南极洲远离污染，又不同于其它任何地方，普遍存在着复杂的地质和生态环境，所以这块地方就可能得到更敏锐又易解释的科学测量结果。它成了监察世界环境变化的观察哨和空间站，后面几段就写了进行考察的方面和结果。 答案详解 1.A 南极洲和环境问题。 B. 南极洲：地球最早的报警战。C.南极洲：独一无二的观察哨。D. 南极洲：神秘的地方。三项都是总内容众的组成部分。 2.D 大陆西部成为一群岛屿。第三段“横断南极的山脉，有的高达一万四千多英尺，把这大陆分成情况各异的两个地区。山脉以东的大陆部分是由差不多两英里厚的冰层覆盖的高原；山脉以西，即美洲以南的半个大陆也为冰层所覆盖。可是，这里冰层覆盖在大大低于海平面的岩石。如果西南极洲冰层消失，那这大陆西部将成为稀疏的岛群。” A. 大陆西部将小时。B. 大陆西部缩小。 D. 大陆西部将成为分散的岛屿。 3.C 因为地球变暖和狂风劲吹。在第四段：“……这些干谷甚至在寒冬季节也很少有冰雪。它们插在南维多利亚陆地的山脉中，一度曾有从极地高原到罗斯海的深度为9000英尺的冰河。现在冰河已不存在，很可能是冰期之后一万年间地球变暖的结果。即使落入干谷的雪也被从极地高原咆哮入海的邪恶狂风吹散了。留下来的是裸露的壮观的峡谷，沙丘起伏的原野，被时速一百英里的大风雕刻成奇形怪状的大砾石，形成与世隔绝的荒凉景象。” A. 邪恶的狂风吹走了雪。B. 它很少下雪。D.沙丘。这三项只是干谷现象的一部分。 4.C 他们可能为地球上绿色地区带来了希望的信息。答案是第五段第一句“尽管干谷具有神秘的一面，科学家却相信他们可能为地球上葱绿的地方带来了希望的信息。” A.干谷内什么都没有留下。B. 干谷内从没有冰河。D. 按照科学家的看法，干谷毫无用处。
阅读理解
I don't think comic book "collector" really applies to me at all. I’m probably more of a comic book "appreciator". My interest has always been in what can be accomplished with the medium of "visual story-telling".
I'm not sure exactly where this interest of mine came from. I do know that as a child, comic books allowed me to improve my reading skills. “The Mighty Thor" helped me develop an interest in old legends, and “Challengers of the Unknown" got me crazy about science fiction. The combination of words and pictures was a perfect springboard for my childhood imagination.
How does one learn to appreciate comic book art? There is a classic example that sheds quite a bit of light on the subject. Writer Scott Macloud just explains what makes a comic book stand out in his best selling book Understanding Comics. The book, first published in 1994, has been translated into 13 languages and is practically a bible for students studying graphic illustration (图示说明) in novels.
On the internet there are some cool comic book sites to be found—hundreds and hundreds of them as a matter of fact. More than a few are dedicated to super heroes and the like. But there are some choice sites that I would visit, because they provide some great resources that discuss the comic book as an art form. Noteworthy among them is a great article and interview at www. rcharvey. corn, which discusses the impact of several artists and writers in the field.
I have a huge admiration for anyone who can produce comic stories that can make readers think, laugh and cry. Maybe make them dream.
Check it out. Spend two dollars on a comic book and read it with your children. Or better yet, search out some of the more “adult" tides and read it for yourself. You may find yourself enjoying what you see and read. You may even find yourself wanting more.
1. What does the author mainly intend to talk about in Paragraph 2?
A. Influence of comic books on reading in childhood.
B. Ways to improve one's reading skills.
C. Subjects of comic books.
D. Popularity of two comic books.
答案解析：答案为A。本题为段落大意题。细读第二段可知 “I'm not sure exactly where this interest of mine came from. I do know that as a child, comic books allowed me to improve my reading skills.”为本段的中心句，后面的内容都是对此进行了解释说明，故答案为A。
2. The underlined part "sheds quite a bit of light on" (Para．3) means "____".
A. does a basic research on B. causes a fierce debate on
C. provides new information on D. makes a quick survey on
答案解析：答案为C。本题为语义推断题。结合划线部分的后面两句话可知，Writer Scott Macloud写了一本书，被翻译成13种语言，帮助学生理解漫画。划线部分的意思与C选项最接近。故答案为C。
3. If you want to know a few good writers of comic books, you will probably ____.
A. read Understanding Comics B. visit www．rcharvey．corn
C. buy some comic books D. turn to comic story writers
答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节题。由第四段最后一句话 “Noteworthy among them is a great article and interview at www. rcharvey. corn, which discusses the impact of several artists and writers in the field.”可知，答案为B。
4. What does the author encourage people to do?
A. Develop an interest in old legends and science fiction.
B. Share a comic book with children.
C. Produce some comic stories.
D. Spend money and time appreciating comic books.
答案解析：答案为D。本题考查作者的态度观点。由最后一段 “Check it out. Spend two dollars on a comic book and read it with your children.”可知，答案为D。
Passage Two
(The Tourist Trade Contributes Absolutely Nothing to Increasing Understanding between Nations) ? ? ?The tourist trade is booming. With all this coming and going, you’d expect greater understanding to develop between the nations of the world. Not a bit of it! Superb systems of communication by air, sea and land make it possible for us to visit each other’s countries at a moderate cost. What was once the ‘grand tour’, reserved for only the very rich, is now within everybody’s grasp? The package tour and chartered flights are not to be sneered at. Modern travelers enjoy a level of comfort which the lords and ladies on grand tours in the old days couldn’t have dreamed of. But what’s the sense of this mass exchange of populations if the nations of the world remain basically ignorant of each other? ? ? ?Many tourist organizations are directly responsible for this state of affairs. They deliberately set out to protect their clients from too much contact with the local population. The modern tourist leads a cosseted, sheltered life. He lives at international hotels, where he eats his international food and sips his international drink while he gazes at the natives from a distance. Conducted tours to places of interest are carefully censored. The tourist is allowed to see only what the organizers want him to see and no more. A strict schedule makes it impossible for the tourist to wander off on his own; and anyway, language is always a barrier, so he is only too happy to be protected in this way. At its very worst, this leads to a new and hideous kind of colonization. The summer quarters of the inhabitants of the cite universitaire: are temporarily reestablished on the island of Corfu. Blackpool is recreated at Torremolinos where the traveler goes not to eat paella, but fish and chips. ? ? ?The sad thing about this situation is that it leads to the persistence of national stereotypes. We don’t see the people of other nations as they really are, but as we have been brought up to believe they are. You can test this for yourself. Take five nationalities, say, French, German, English, American and Italian. Now in your mind, match them with these five adjectives: musical, amorous, cold, pedantic, native. Far from providing us with any insight into the national characteristics of the peoples just mentioned, these adjectives actually act as barriers. So when you set out on your travels, the only characteristics you notice are those which confirm your preconceptions. You come away with the highly unoriginal and inaccurate impression that, say, ‘Anglo-Saxons are hypocrites’ of that ‘Latin peoples shout a lot’. You only have to make a few foreign friends to understand how absurd and harmful national stereotypes are. But how can you make foreign friends when the tourist trade does its best to prevent you? ? ? ?Carried to an extreme, stereotypes can be positively dangerous. Wild generalizations stir up racial hatred and blind us to the basic fact—how trite it sounds! – That all people are human. We are all similar to each other and at the same time all unique. 1.The best title for this passage is [A] tourism contributes nothing to increasing understanding between nations. Tourism is tiresome. [C] Conducted tour is dull. [D] tourism really does something to one’s country. 2.What is the author’s attitude toward tourism? [A] apprehensive. negative. [C] critical. [D] appreciative. 3.Which word in the following is the best to summarize Latin people shout a lot? [A] silent. noisy. [C] lively. [D] active. 4.The purpose of the author’s criticism is to point out [A] conducted tour is disappointing. the way of touring should be changed. [C] when traveling, you notice characteristics which confirm preconception. [D] national stereotypes should be changed. 5.What is ‘grand tour’ now?[A] moderate cost. local sight-seeing is investigated by the tourist organization. [C] people enjoy the first-rate comforts. [D] everybody can enjoy the ‘grand tour’. Vocabulary 1.superb ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?卓越的，杰出的，第一流的 2.moderate ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?中庸的，中等的，适度的 3.grand tour ? ? ? ? ? ?大旅行，指旧时英国富家子弟教育中， ? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?到欧洲大陆观光的旅行，为学业必经阶段。 4.package tour ? ? ? ? ? ?由旅行社代办而费用与路线、 ? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?日程固定的假日旅游。也可用package holiday。 5.chartered flight ? ? ? ? ? ?包机航班 6.set out to do sth. = begin a job with a particular aim开始做某事， ? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?决心/打算做…… 7.cosset ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?宠爱，溺爱，纵容 8.conducted tour = guided tour ? ? ?有人指导/引到下的参观，有导游的旅游 ? ? ? ? ? ? 9.censor ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?检查 10.wander off ? ? ? ? ? ?离开原处/正道，离群，漫步，漫游 11.quarters ? ? ? ? ? ?住处，营 12.paella ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?西班牙什锦饭 13.chip ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?炸马铃薯条（土豆条） 14.amorous ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?多情的，色情的 15.pedantic ? ? ? ? ? ?学究式的，卖弄学问的 16.generalization ? ? ? ? ? ?归纳，概括 17.stir up ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?惹起，煽动，挑起 18.trite ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?陈腐的，老一套的 难句译注 1.What was once the ‘grand tour’, reserved for only the very rich, is now within everybody’s grasp. 【结构简析】within sb.’s grasp.某人理解/了解，为某人所能抓到的。 【参考译文】一度只有最富有者专享的“大旅行”现在人人都可获得。 2.The package tour and chartered flights are not to be sneered at. 【参考译文】旅行社包办的旅游，包机航班决不会遭人耻笑。 3.They deliberately set out to protect their clients from too much contact with the local population. 【参考译文】旅行社有意使他们的谷底和当地居民少接触。 4.The modern tourist heads a cosseted sheltered life. 【参考译文】现代旅行者过的使爱护有加与世隔绝的生活。 5.Conducted tours to places of interest are carefully censored. 【参考译文】有人指导下参观一些静电收到组织者――旅行社仔细的检查核准。 6.A strict schedule makes it impossible for the tourist to wander off on his own; and anyway, language is always barrier, so he is only too happy to be protected in this way. 【结构简析】only too + 形容词/分词 = very非常。 【参考译文】严格致密的计划值得旅行者不可能自己一个人到处闲逛；再说，至少语言总是个障碍，所以他对这样保护非常高兴。 7.At its very worst, this leads to a new and hideous kind of colonization. 【结构简析】at one’s worst 在情况最坏的时候。 【参考译文】最糟的时候，这种保护会导致形成一种新型而又可怕的殖民现象。 8.Carried to an extreme, stereotypes can be positively dangerous. 【结构简析】carried to an extreme (to an excess )如果做得过分。 【参考译文】如果走向极端，模式化的想法会非常危险。 9.Wild generalizations stir up racial hatred and blind us to the basic fact. 【参考译文】野蛮（乱七八糟）的概括/归纳会激起种族仇恨，使我们对这基本事实视而不见。 写作方法与文章大意 文章主要采用因果写法。虽然旅游业发展，人们可享受以前只有最富有者享受的大旅游，但由于旅行社种种限制/呵护及其它，使旅游者难以和当地居民接触。陈旧的固定的想――对民族的模式化想法，只有通过接触才能接触模式。而旅行社的种种都使人相互难以理解。 答案详解 1.A 旅游对增进民族了解毫无建树。第二段开始点出，许多旅游组织直接负责旅游事宜，他们有意识不让旅游者接触当地居民，让他们过着一种关怀备至又与世隔绝的生活。住的是国际饭店，吃的是国际食品，喝的是国际饮料，在原处观看当地居民。严格有序的计划使旅游者难以自己一人闲逛，语言的障碍，又使他们乐意接受保护。第三段涉及坚持民族模式化――老一套的想法，所以一开始旅游，你见到的民族特性就只是证实了你自己设想的基本事实――所有人民都是人类。只有交朋友才能知道民族模式是多么荒谬、有害，可是旅行社竭力制止，你又怎么能交上外国朋友呢？这一切说明A项对。 B.旅游很累。C.导游观光很单调乏味。D.旅游确实对国家有贡献。 2.C 批评。 3.B 吵吵闹闹的。 4.B 旅游的方式应改变。整篇文章（除第一段外）都环绕旅游方式不理想来进行批评。第二段集中在导游观光使旅游者难以和当地人民接触。第三段，见到的只是证实了旅游者本人事先形成的思想/先入之见，旅游根本达不到了解对方的目的。第四段讲了民族固定模式（先入之见的模式）的可怕后果。要使人懂得所有的人们都是人类，彼此相似，又各具特点，就得改变旅游的方式。 A.导游观光令人失望。C.旅游时，你见到的 特性证实了你的先入之见。D.民族模式应当改变。这三条都是批评的具体内容。 5.D 人人都能享受大旅游。大旅行是专指英国富家子弟上学中的一门课程－到欧洲大陆观光。不是人人都能享受。这里用grand tour表示人人都能享受类似grand tour的一切，甚至超过，如第一段指出：现代旅游者享受的舒适设施，达到了大旅行中老爷、小姐们做梦都没有想到的水平。海陆空高级交流联络通讯系统，使人们有可能钱花得不多就能访问、观光别的国家。所以说，曾是有钱人专享的大旅行，普通人也能领略。“grand tour”有引号，表明作为比喻。 A.费用不高。文内是费用合适、中等、恰当。B.当地观光受组织审查。C.人们喜欢一流舒适设施。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。
Abraham Lincoln was born into poverty 200 years ago. At any other time and place, this lowly origin would have dictated his future, but in Lincoln’s case, his self-determination and force of will made it possible for him to secure his seat in his country's history. He has become a role model in the self-made America.
If you want to learn about somebody who didn’t quit, look no further. Abraham Lincoln had two business ventures failed, and the second one made him bankrupt, so he had to spend the next 17 years of his life paying for the debt. He also lost 8 different elections. It seemed that he had never done things right at the first time: the first time he ran for state legislature for Congress, for land officer, for Senate, all of these failed, and the first time he sought the vice-presidential nomination, he got less than 100 votes nationally. But he never found it too shameful to carry on his mission. Then later in 1860, on such a rough road, he made it to the White House. He lived up to his famous saying, “Always bear in mind that your own determination to success is more important than any other.”
He could have quit many times-—-but he didn’t and because he didn’t quit ，he became one of the greatest presidents in the history of America. One important way Lincoln influences present society is that we look back on his life as a role model for future generations. Lincoln’s high character influences us because we compare present-day politicians to the example Lincoln set. A major influence Lincoln has on the united States today is simply through the good example he set when it came to honesty, persistence and leadership.
36.According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements is true?
A. Lincoln was born with a silver spoon in his mouth.
B. Like Lincoln, a poor origin leads to a bright future.
C. America is considered self-made because of Lincoln.
D. Self-determination and will contributed to Lincoln’s success.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据but in Lincoln’s case, his self-determination and force of will made it possible for him to secure his seat in his country's history.可知是林肯的决心和意志导致他的成功。故选D。
37.What is Paragraph Two mainly about?
A. How Lincoln made his way to the White House.
B. Lincoln suffered various failures.
C. Lincoln was a man who never quit.
D. Lincoln once lost two business ventures.
【答案】C
【解析】段落大意题。根据If you want to learn about somebody who didn’t quit, look no further.可知林肯是个不放弃的人。故选C。
38.Which is the correct order of what happened to Lincoln?
a. He was paying off his debt. b. He failed in the run for land officer,
c. He got less than 100 votes nationally. d. he stuck to his mission, e. He went bankrupt.
A. b-c-c-d-a B. c-3.-b-c-d C. 6-c-s-b-d D. d-c-s-b-c
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段的内容可知顺序是：e. He went bankrupt.--a. He was paying off his debt.--b. He failed in the run for land officer,--c. He got less than 100 votes nationally.--d. he stuck to his mission,故选B。
39. What is the fun_ction of Lincoln’s famous saying in Paragraph Two?
A. To tell us that determination is the most important to success.
B. To attract readers1 attention.
C. To show why Lincoln was able to carry on in hard times.
D. To summarize Lincoln’s story.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据Then later in 1860, on such a rough road, he made it to the White House. He lived up to his famous saying, 可知这句话是为了表明为什么他能度过难关。故选C。
40.Why does the writer consider Lincoln as one of the greatest presidents in America?
A. Because he still influences America as a role model.
B. Because he set a good example to the present politicians.
C. Because of his great personalities.
D. Because he went through diverse difficulties.
【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据Lincoln’s high character influences us because we compare present-day politicians to the example Lincoln set.可知林肯还是一个榜样并影响了美国人，故选A。
阅读理解课堂练学案（6）
Passage Fourteen(Antarctica and Environment) Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station – a unique observation post for detecting important changes in the world’s environment. Remote from major sources of pollution and the complex geological and ecological systems that prevail elsewhere, Antarctica makes possible scientific measurements that are often sharper and easier to interpret than those made in other parts of the world. Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early-warning sensor, where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north. One promising field of investigation is glaciology. Scholars from the United States, Switzerland, and France are pursuing seven separate but related projects that reflect their concern for the health of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet – a concern they believe the world at large should share. The Transantarctic Mountain, some of them more than 14,000 feet high, divide the continent into two very different regions. The part of the continent to the “east” of the mountains is a high plateau covered by an ice sheet nearly two miles thick. “West” of the mountain, the half of the continent south of the Americas is also covered by an ice sheet, but there the ice rests on rock that is mostly well below sea level. If the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared, the western part of the continent would be reduced to a sparse cluster of island. While ice and snow are obviously central to many environmental experiments, others focus on the mysterious “dry valley” of Antarctica, valleys that contain little ice or snow even in the depths of winter. Slashed through the mountains of southern Victoria Land, these valleys once held enormous glaciers that descended 9,000 feet from the polar plateau to the Ross Sea. Now the glaciers are gone, perhaps a casualty of the global warming trend during the 10,000 years since the ice age. Even the snow that falls in the dry valleys is blasted out by vicious winds that roars down from the polar plateau to the sea. Left bare are spectacular gorges, rippled fields of sand dunes, clusters of boulders sculptured into fantastic shapes by 100-mile-an-hour winds, and an aura of extraterrestrial desolation. Despite the unearthly aspect of the dry valleys, some scientists believe they may carry a message of hope of the verdant parts of the earth. Some scientists believe that in some cases the dry valleys may soak up pollutants faster than pollutants enter them. 1.What is the best title for this passage? [A] Antarctica and environmental Problems. Antarctica: Earth’s Early-Warning station. [C] Antarctica: a Unique Observation Post. [D] Antarctica: a Mysterious Place. 2.What would the result be if the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared? [A] The western part of the continent would be disappeared. The western part of the continent would be reduced. [C] The western part of the continent would become scattered Islands. [D] The western part of the continent would be reduced to a cluster of Islands. 3.Why are the Dry Valleys left bare? [A] Vicious wind blasts the snow away. It rarely snows. [C] Because of the global warming trend and fierce wind. [D] Sand dunes. 4.Which of the following is true? [A] The “Dry Valleys” have nothing left inside. The “Dry Valleys” never held glaciers. [C] The “Dry Valleys” may carry a message of hope for the verdant. [D] The “Dry Valleys” are useless to scientists. Vocabulary 1.distant-early-warning sensor ? ? ? ? ? ?远距离早期报警传感器 2.plateau ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?高原，高地 3.slash ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?挥砍 4.blast ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?一阵疾风/狂风 5.vicious ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?邪恶的，凶魔般的 6.gorge ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?峡谷 7.ripple ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?起伏，使起微波 8.sand dune ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?沙丘 9.verdant ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?绿色 10.extraterrestrial ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?地球之外的 11.aura ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?气氛 难句译注 1.Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early waning sensor, where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north. 【结构简析】see … as 把……看作。Where定从修饰Antarctic。 【参考译文】因此，越来越多的科学家把南极洲视为一个远距离早期报警敏感器，在那里地球许多潜在的危险动向早在它们出现于北方以前就能发现。 2.The part of the continent to the “east” of the mountain 东指的使印度正南的这一部分。或山移动的那部分洲。 3.an aura of extraterrestrial desolation 应译为：与地球格格不入的一种荒凉隔绝的气氛。或与世隔绝的一种荒凉气氛。 写作方法与文章大意 这是一篇有关南极洲科研考察的重要性的科普文章。采用因果，点面结合写法。首先提出：由于南极洲远离污染，又不同于其它任何地方，普遍存在着复杂的地质和生态环境，所以这块地方就可能得到更敏锐又易解释的科学测量结果。它成了监察世界环境变化的观察哨和空间站，后面几段就写了进行考察的方面和结果。 答案详解 1.A 南极洲和环境问题。 B. 南极洲：地球最早的报警战。C.南极洲：独一无二的观察哨。D. 南极洲：神秘的地方。三项都是总内容众的组成部分。 2.D 大陆西部成为一群岛屿。第三段“横断南极的山脉，有的高达一万四千多英尺，把这大陆分成情况各异的两个地区。山脉以东的大陆部分是由差不多两英里厚的冰层覆盖的高原；山脉以西，即美洲以南的半个大陆也为冰层所覆盖。可是，这里冰层覆盖在大大低于海平面的岩石。如果西南极洲冰层消失，那这大陆西部将成为稀疏的岛群。” A. 大陆西部将小时。B. 大陆西部缩小。 D. 大陆西部将成为分散的岛屿。 3.C 因为地球变暖和狂风劲吹。在第四段：“……这些干谷甚至在寒冬季节也很少有冰雪。它们插在南维多利亚陆地的山脉中，一度曾有从极地高原到罗斯海的深度为9000英尺的冰河。现在冰河已不存在，很可能是冰期之后一万年间地球变暖的结果。即使落入干谷的雪也被从极地高原咆哮入海的邪恶狂风吹散了。留下来的是裸露的壮观的峡谷，沙丘起伏的原野，被时速一百英里的大风雕刻成奇形怪状的大砾石，形成与世隔绝的荒凉景象。” A. 邪恶的狂风吹走了雪。B. 它很少下雪。D.沙丘。这三项只是干谷现象的一部分。 4.C 他们可能为地球上绿色地区带来了希望的信息。答案是第五段第一句“尽管干谷具有神秘的一面，科学家却相信他们可能为地球上葱绿的地方带来了希望的信息。” A.干谷内什么都没有留下。B. 干谷内从没有冰河。D. 按照科学家的看法，干谷毫无用处。