2023年高考英语3月份第3周 好题推荐(有答案 ）
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| 名称 | 2023年高考英语3月份第3周 好题推荐(有答案 ） |  | |
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2023年3月份第3周 英语好题推荐
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Neuroscientists （神经科学家）now know that brain maturation （成熟）occurs far later than previously thought. Great changes in brain are still taking place during young adulthood, especially in the regions that are important for planning ahead, expecting the future results of one's decisions, and comparing risk and reward. Indeed, some brain regions do not reach full maturity until the early 20s. Should this new knowledge make us rethink where we draw legal boundaries between kids and adults
Maybe. But it's not as simple as it seems for two reasons.
First, different brain regions mature along with different timetables. There is no single age at which the adolescent brain becomes an adult brain. Systems responsible for logical reasoning mature when people are 16, but those involved in self-regulation are still developing in young adulthood. This is why 16-year-olds are just as capable as adults when it comes to permitting informed medical papers, but are still immature in ways that reduce their criminal responsibility, as the Supreme Court has noted in several recent cases. Using different ages for different legal boundaries seems strange, but it would make neuro- scientific sense if we did it reasonably.
Second, science has never had much influence on these decisions. If it did, we wouldn't have lived in a society that allows teenagers to drive before they can buy beer. Age boundaries are drawn mainly for political reasons, not scientific ones. It's a pity that Neuroscience won't have much of an impact on politics although it is always correct.
Children are so changeable in their growth and how cultures understand child development is so different. It is pointless to try to determine the “right” age of maturation. The Dutch, for example, allow children to drink alcohol at the age of 16 but not to drive until they are 19. Even if I firmly believe legal decisions should refer to Neuroscience seriously and it's a good idea to lower the drinking age and raise the driving age in the US, I recognize that the government might never accept it.
1、What can we learn about brain maturation according to the passage
A. All the brain areas become mature at the same time.
B. Scientists' brain matures much earlier than politicians'.
C. The region in charge of logical reasoning isn't mature until 18.
D. The time of brain maturation is not as early as thought before.
2、What is the author's attitude towards Neuroscience
A. Favorable. B. Skeptical. C. Indifferent. D. Intolerant.
3、What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. It's illegal for a Dutch boy to drive at the age of 16.
B. The culture of the Dutch is much better than the USA.
C. It's of great value to determine the right age of maturation.
D. The influence of science on law and policy making is very big.
4、What could be the best title for the passage
A. Should Children Learn from Capable Adults
B. Can Neuroscience Create Mature Scientists
C. Should Neuroscience Affect Law Decisions
D. Can Children Drive and Drink Beer Like Adults
Talking to your children about the misinformation they may find online is a great idea. Children don't always have the judgment or critical thinking skills to test what they read or watch, but they’ll develop these abilities quickly if you help them figure out how to separate fact from fiction. We’re here to help you do just that!
Don't wait for your kids to approach you with questions——instead, take a few minutes to sit down with them. Let them know that there's a lot of content out there on the Internet, and not all of it is true. With everything going on in the world, remind your kids that they might be seeing a lot of confusing, false information going around on social media and other parts of the web.
It's a good idea to turn news reports and TV shows into teachable moments. Look for small opportunities to start helpful conversations about misinformation with your kids. Take a TV show or newspaper article and transform it into a helpful, easy way to understand what misinformation is, and how to avoid it.
Misinformation can be really upsetting and stressful for your kids to think about. Let them know that you're always available to listen and answer their questions if they’re feeling confused. Reassure your kids that there are no stupid questions, and that you’re always willing to explain something for them.
Teach your kids a few tricks to fact-check misinformation online. Remind your kids to be on the lookout for strange-looking websites, like those ending with “. co”. Tell them to read through the headline. If it has a lot of mistakes, or if it's written in all capital letters, there’s a good chance that it might be misinformation. Additionally, introduce your kids to official websites, which are quick and easy ways to fact-check information.
5、Why should people talk to their children about online misinformation
A.There is no information holding true online.
B.There is no one else willing to teach the children.
C.Children lack the ability to judge the information.
D.Children can't develop the judgement on their own.
6、The approach mentioned in paragraph 4 aims to ________.
A.relieve children’s financial burden
B.approach children positively to help them
C.remind parents to seize every chance to teach
D.encourage children to communicate with parents
7、Which of the following is most likely to be misinformation
A.A passage titled with “SHOK! GAS RAN OUT YESTERDAY”.
B.A passage titled with “Origins of the Mandela Effect”.
C.A passage on the website www. . cn.
D.A passage on the website www. .
8、Who is the text intended for
A. Teachers. B. Teenagers. C. Students. D. Parents.
An international team of researchers from Sweden and the UK have developed an innovative way of interpreting biological signals produced by our skin. Using data obtained from a Philips wrist-worn wearable sensor device that can also measure movement, the researchers' system displays information in the form of colourful spiral graphics(螺旋图形) in real time on a smartphone, as well as a recording of data, for the wearer to interpret and reflect on.
The prototype(雏形) visualisation system, called 'Affective Health', was developed by experts in Human-Computer Interaction looking into how new and emerging computer technologies can be used to design engaging visualisations on smartphones.
A study group of 23 people were given the Affective Health prototype to use for a month. Importantly, the researchers purposely did not tell the participants what the devices were useful for. Instead, they gave guidelines that Affective Health could collect information relating to both physical and emotional reactions, how increased sweating increased the conductivity, and how this was represented by different colours. The participants were left to decide the best ways of using the technology.
The researchers found that this open design stage of the study led to some participants using the system as a tool to measure and help manage their stress levels. While others, including outstanding athletes, used the device to get information on their training and recovery programmes. Other uses included logging information on their lives and tracking emotions. But interestingly, few would use the technology for more than one purpose.
Although the open design phase helped reveal several different practices Affective Health prototypes could be used for, the prototype lacked some of the functions needed to make it a good tool for a specific role—such as a sports training system, or as a stress management tool. The researchers found the need for a second, more tailored step in the design process to make devices specific to particular roles.
9、What were the participants unaware of about the prototype
A. Its function as a measuring tool.
B. Its reactions to physical activity.
C. Its colourful spiral graphics.
D. Its specified uses.
10、What interested the researchers
A. People used the device quite differently.
B. Few used the device to help better themselves.
C. Many considered the device a single-purpose tool.
D. Many purposely avoided the device's certain functions.
11、What can be learned about Affective Health
A. It has a rising market share.
B. It causes trouble for users.
C. It lacks competitiveness.
D. It needs improvement.
12、What can be the best title for the text
A. Sweat, a Mood Detector
B. Time to Reflect on Ourselves
C. Colourful Sensors Gain Popularity
D. Technologies Interpret Biodata from the Skin
When I stepped into the Samcheong Park Library in Seoul, I saw the future. The simple building had a nice selection of books and a cafe where readers could enjoy coffee while gazing at the leaves outside. It was specifically designed without any latest technology.
"What's so innovative about that " a librarian in Toronto asked when I showed her pictures. Innovation to her meant digital technology, like 3D printers. "Why couldn't they both be innovative " I asked.
We are constantly told that innovation is the most important force in our economy, without which we would be left behind. But that fear of missing out has led us to fall into the false trappings of innovation over truly innovative ideas that may be simpler and more effective. This mindset implies that if you just buy the new thing, you have innovated! Each year, businesses and individuals run around like broken toy robots, trying to figure out their strategy for the latest buzzword equipment.
At best, this is a waste of resources. Devices are bought, used and abandoned, as the technology's capabilities fall short of its promise. But at its worst, this approach can truly cause damage. Schools cut field trips to purchase tablets with few proven panies that applied A. I. into hiring have actually strengthened gender and racial prejudices.
True innovation isn't just some magic devices. It is a continuing process of reflection and reassessment, which often means adopting "old" ideas and tools in a new context, or even returning to methods that worked in the past. Adjusted properly, these rearview(后视的) innovations have proved as transformative as novel technologies.
Look no farther than the streets of New York, which have been redesigned recently to accommodate cyclists with car-free zones. The idea isn't new. It was created half a century ago, with the aim of bringing cities back to their residents. And while e-reader sales have been exploding, Penguin just announced it would publish tiny printed books, an ideal solution for a market demanding both convenience and physicality.
13、Why is a librarian mentioned
A. To set an example. B. To cite an authority.
C. To make a prediction. D. To present an argument.
14、What does the underlined "buzzword" mean in Para.3
A. Fashionable. B. Affordable. C. Practical. D. Imaginative.
15、What does the writer agree with about innovation
A. Wasted resources lead to innovation.
B. Magic devices encourage innovation.
C. Innovation should be human-centered.
D. The power of technology is undervalued.
16、What is probably the best title of the text
A. Innovation Is Not That Expensive
B. Future Lies in Returning to the Past
C. Some Best Ideas Are in the Rearview Mirror
D. Innovation: the Most Important Force in Economy
About a year ago, my partner and I got a little black and white cat. We called her Hashtag and a parental instinct (本能) in my body kicked in. If I don’t see Hashtag for a While, I worry that something terrible has happened to her.
Thus, I bought a tiny tracker made by a company called Tile, which attaches to her collar. It meant that even if I can’t see her. I can pull out my phone and connect to Tile using Bluetooth. If the connection is made successfully, it means that she must be nearby.
But there was still a problem: what if Hashtag were to get out of the house and run further away Bluetooth range only extends to around ten meters, so any further and her location would be a mystery.
This is why I was delighted when earlier this year Apple released the AirTag, its own Bluetooth tracker. AirTags work the same way as Tile. But Apple has added a twist: instead of just using your own iPhone to look for your own trackers, every iPhone in the world works together to find tracking tags (跟踪器). This means even if you personally aren’t in range of your AirTag, as long as there’s an iPhone nearby, you can see updates on where it is-and more importantly, where your cat, keys, or whatever you have attached to it are.
As you can probably tell, I find this new technology strangely mind-blowing. Apple has created an entirely new, massive network of physical objects that covers pretty much the entire world. And, slightly scanty, it is only possible because there are a billion iPhones out there. Though Samsung has announced a similar tracking product that uses its phones, it won’t have the same reach as Apple’s network in the short term.
In the not-too-distant future, it’ll be the case that everything we buy of certain value that we might lose will have an AirTag built in. Your headphones, your fancy camera, your suitcase, and so on.
So, if Hashtag ever does escape, then at least I can invite the entire world to help look for her.
17、How does the author express her affection for Hashtag
A. By giving it a nickname. B. By detailing her caring acts.
C. By telling a specific story. D. By using a comparison.
18、According to the author, in what way is the AirTag better than the tiny tracker by Tile
A. Every iPhone is uniquely connected to its AirTag.
B. Apple provides better customer services than Tile.
C. An AirTag covers larger range than its opponents.
D iPhones throughout the world can help track, tags.
19、Which of the following statements is true
A. AirTag’s success is quite difficult to copy.
B. Samsung has posed much challenge to Apple.
C. It’s a long way before AirTag gains popularity.
D. Overuse of AirTags makes a mess of our life.
20、What is probably the best title for the passage
A. Say no to trackers. B. Lost and found.
C. No worries for pets. D. To track or to follow.
A French power producer, HDF Energy, expects its hydrogen energy power station in Namibia to produce electricity by 2024. And HDF Energy announced the plan for the southern African country publicly recently. This plant in Namibia would be Africa's first. HDF Energy is also considering new projects across Africa.
The project is expected to cost about $181 million. Once operated, it will supply electrical power, 24 hours a day throughout the year. It will increase the electricity supply to Namibia, which imports 40 percent of power from neighboring South Africa. Namibia is one of the world's sunniest and least densely-populated countries. It wants to use its great potential for solar and wind energy to produce green hydrogen power. And Namibia wants to become a renewable energy center in Africa.
Hydrogen power is considered clean when it is made with reproducible power. It is seen as an important way to reduce carbon-based fuels in the energy industry. The project will use solar panels(电池板) to produce electricity. Electrolyzers produce hydrogen which can be easily stored by using electricity to separate hydrogen from oxygen in water.
Another company named Hyphen Hydrogen Energy is in talks with Namibia's government to secure an agreement for a planned hydrogen project. European Union says they also plan a deal with the country to support its green hydrogen industry. The German government has already agreed to invest $41.8 million in Namibia's hydrogen plan. European nations are trying to reduce their dependence on Russian energy. Obeth Kandjoze, director-general of Namibia's National Planning Commission said EU financial support was likely to be limited, but a financial deal could bring in other investors.
21、What do we know about Namibia according to the text
A. It has the longest sunny days in the world.
B. It is the renewable energy center of Africa.
C. It owns Africa's first hydrogen energy power station.
D. Its power supply highly depends on neighbouring countries.
22、Which word could be the best to describe the hydrogen energy
A. Environmental-friendly.
B. Harmful.
C. Widely-applied.
D. Low-cost.
23、Why do European countries support Namibia's hydrogen industry
A. To seek high profit from the industry.
B. To reduce the air pollution in Namibia.
C. To supply enough electricity to Namibia.
D. To decrease their power import from Russia.
24、What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. The storage of hydrogen is the toughest part of the project.
B. The power station will solve the power shortage in Namibia.
C. The hydrogen project in Namibia may attract more investment.
D. The application of hydrogen energy is popular around the world.
Have you ever imagined that scientists could make robots that will be able to feel and touch just like humans In the future robots might no longer be stiff(僵硬的), metal machines. They might be able to act and even look just like us!
The system used to help robots feel is called "haptics technology". Haptics is a word which is used to describe the way we understand something through the use of touch. For example, now doctors can use robotic machines in operations. But this is a bit dangerous. Why Because the robot cannot feel anything. The doctor can only see what the robot is doing by watching on a screen.
However, US scientists have created a machine called Neo that a doctor wears on his or her head. Neo is connected to the robot doing the operation. When the robot touches something, Neo imitates the touch on the doctor's head.
The invention of Neo is great news for doctors because now they can feel what the robot is feeling. But scientists have even bigger dreams. They are trying to make robots that can feel for themselves just like humans. They have created sensors that are just like the human fingertip. These sensors are at the end of the robots' hands. Messages will be sent to the robots' "brains". And the robots will know how to hold something without breaking it.
If these scientists succeed, robots will feel just like a human and will be able to control themselves. Can we imagine humans will no longer be the masters(主人) of the world because robots are just as smart as we are in 500 years
25、The underlined word "imitates" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to________.
A. trains B. draws C. copies D. remembers
26、The fourth paragraph mainly talks about________.
A. how Neo works
B. robots that can feel for themselves like humans
C. what Neo can do
D. how a message is sent to the robots' brains
27、What can we learn about sensors from the passage
A. They can help robots write messages.
B. They can help robots write break things
C. They are at the end of the robots' heads.
D. They can help send messages to robots.
28、The writer may think the future will be________ if the robots replace humans to be the masters of the world.
A. surprising B. bright C. relaxing D. hopeful
The older you get, the more difficult it is to learn a new language. But no one knows exactly what the cutoff point is—at what age it becomes harder. In one of the largest studies, researchers from Boston-based universities found that children are good at learning a second language up until the age of 18, about 10 years later than earlier thought. But the study also showed that it is best to start by age 10 if you want to achieve the grammatical fluency of a native speaker.
To solve this problem, the research team collected data on a person's age, language level and time studying English. They created a short online grammar quiz called "Which English " that tested noun-verb agreement, pronouns, prepositions and relative clauses, among other linguistic elements. They wanted to find out when the "critical period" for achieving the highest levels of grammatical fluency ends.
Based on people's grammar scores and information about their learning of English, the researchers developed models to find out how long it takes to become fluent in a language and the best age to start learning. They concluded that the ability to learn a new language, at least grammatically, is strongest until the age of 18. To become completely fluent, however, learning should start before the age of 10.
There are three main ideas as to why language-learning ability falls at 18: social changes, interference(干扰) from one's primary language and continuing brain development. At 18, kids typically graduate from high school and start college or enter the work force full-time. Once they do, they may no longer have the time, opportunity to study a second language. Or it is possible that after one masters a first language, its rules interfere with the ability to learn a second language. Finally, changes in the brain that continue during the late teens and early 20s may somehow make learning harder.
This is not to say that we cannot learn a new language if we are over 20. There are many examples of people who pick up a language later in life.
Although the study was conducted only in English, the researchers believe the findings will transfer to other languages and they are developing similar tests for Spanish and Mandarin.
29、In Paragraph 2, "this problem" refers to ______.
A. at what age people can do the quiz
B. how people improve their language skills
C. why people find it hard to master grammar rules
D. in what period people can learn a new language well
30、Why does people's language-learning ability fall at 18
A. Because they have no good learning environment.
B. Because they are busy developing other life skills.
C. Because they needn't improve the language ability.
D. Because they focus more on their primary language.
31、Why does the author write the passage
A. To explain a finding. B. To provide a solution.
C. To lead a discussion. D. To support an opinion.
If you're planning on travelling, there are a few simple rules about how to make life easier both before and after your journey.
First of all, always check and double-check departure(起程) time. It is amazing how few people really do this carefully. Once I arrived at the airport a few minutes after ten. My secretary had got the ticket for me and I thought she had said that the plane left at 10:50. When I arrived at the airport, the clerk at the departure desk told me that my flight was closed. Therefore, I had to wait three hours for the next one and missed an important meeting.
The second rule is to remember that even in this age of credit cards, it is still important to have at least a little of the local currency(货币) with you when you arrive in a country. This can be necessary if you are flying to a place few tourists normally visit. Once I arrived at a place at midnight and the bank at the airport was closed. The only way to get to my hotel was by taxi and because I had no dollars, I offered to pay in pounds instead. "Listen! I only take real money!" the driver said angrily. Luckily I was able to borrow a few dollars from a clerk at the hotel, but it was embarrassing.
The third and last rule is to find out as much as you can about the weather at your destination before you leave. I feel sorry for some of my workmates who travel in heavy suits and raincoats in May, when it is still fairly cool in London or Manchester, to places like Athens, Rome or Madrid, where it is already beginning to get quite warm during the day.
32、According to the passage, the driver was angry because ________.
A. the author gave him the false(假的) money
B. the author did not give him the local money
C. the author offered to pay by credit card
D. the author had no enough change
33、The underlined word "embarrassing" in paragraph 3 probably means ________
A. awkward B. frightening C. suitable D. anxious
34、Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. The author tells people to choose warm places as their travel destinations.
B. You don't have to take credit cards when travelling.
C. You should know more about the weather of the place you'll visit.
D. It's unnecessary to check the departure time carefully.
35、The writer mainly tells us ________.
A. how to make life easier B. how to be well prepared for a trip
C. how to enjoy ourselves on a trip D. how to plan our trip
二、书面表达
36、假定你是荆州外国语学校学生李华，你和你校外籍教师Tom约好本周末去方特乐园赏烟花、过火把节，但你因故不能赴约，请按下列要求给Tom写一封电子邮件:
1.表示歉意;
2.解释原因;
3.另约时间。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80词左右。
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3.参考词汇:荆州方特乐园一Jingzhou Fantawild 火把节--the Torch Festival
Dear Tom,
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
37、假定你是李华，得知由于国际交流的需要，你校的校史馆正在招募英文讲解员，请你向负责人Harry老师写一封申请信。要点如下：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 能做的事情。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：讲解员 commentator
Dear Harry,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
三、完形填空（15空）
A gentleman lost his family when young. He was homeless and went to the local 1 every day. Although the church never let him in, they left one of the windows 2 so he could hear mass （弥撒曲）.It gave him 3 and comfort. Many times we would bring him into our home for a hot shower, or a hot meal. Those were the times when his eyes lit up, almost like he 4 everything he was going through.
Every winter I would get nervous for him and other 5 people. I would take blankets and gloves to hand out. It never felt like 6 . This winter was the 7 . One night, concerned about our friend, I headed out with warm food and extra blankets. I found our friend's 8 but didn't hear a sound. Worried, I opened the tent and was 9 by what I saw. Another elder gentleman that was new to town was sleeping 10 under a pile of blankets. Our friend had 11 him with all of the blankets to keep him 12 . Our friend sacrificed himself so another fellow human could 13 a cold night.
Our friend was buried in our local cemetery （墓地）.The only people that 14 were our town's few homeless people, my husband, my dogs and me. No matter how many blankets I buy, it will never be enough, but it's 15 the whole society should make efforts.
38、A. hospital B. church C. factory D. government
39、A. free B. broken C. closed D. open
40、A. hope B. desire C. ambition D. attitude
41、A. expected B. knew C. forgot D. blessed
42、A. homeless B. hopeless C. careless D. selfless
43、A. enough B. storage C. donation D. lack
44、A. best B. worst C. least D. most
45、A. apartment B. workplace C. tent D. yard
46、A. moved B. excited C. frightened D. tired
47、A. impatiently B. soundly C. nervously D. freely
48、A. chained B. covered C. approached D. impressed
49、A. inspired B. quiet C. awake D. warm
50、A. experience B. survive C. waste D. celebrate
51、A. attended B. formed C. left D. missed
52、A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything
四、语法填空
53、 Ji Jiahe, from No.2 High School of East China Normal University, wants to help people around him who are suffering from depression. His team project won first prize in the 2022 Brain Challenge, ①_____ is held by Brain Bee for young students, and this year ②_____(be) the third year of the competition since 2020.
Ji's project, aided by two other friends and team members Zou Ruoyao and Zhang Yutian, has an interesting name called Le Bu Si Shu(“乐不思鼠”). They have focused ③_____ innovating the tail suspension test(悬尾实验). ④_____(normal)in a tail suspension test, rats with depression ⑤_____(divide) into two groups, with only one group injected(注入) with the new antidepressant whose efficacy is about to be tested. The two groups of rats are hung by their ⑥_____(tail).Researchers observe how long each group of rats struggles to free ⑦_____(they). His team also came up with the idea of using computers to quantify ⑧_____ calculate rats' movements. Researchers can decide whether each movement counts based on the numbers that the computer gives, ⑨_____(use) the weighing scale(体重计) to capture every single movement of a rat.
In the future, Ji wants to become a researcher. “I think the most fundamental way ⑩_____(help) is developing medicines, so that's the field I will be working on.” Ji added.
54、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A motto is a sentence or a phrase ①________ can inspire us especially when we are ②________(face) with difficulties. Many of us have our mottoes, such as "Where there is a will, there is a way." or "③_______(learn) is like sailing against the current; if you don't advance, you will retreat." and so on. My motto is "God helps those who help themselves." Sometimes I am lazy and don't want to make efforts ④_______(work) hard, ⑤_______ the moment I think of my motto I will get energetic again and devote myself ⑥_______what I am doing. I write my motto where I can see it ⑦______(easy). Every time I fail in my exam and begin to lose heart, the sight of my motto inspires me with much ⑧_______(confident). My motto also makes me become ⑨_______independent person.
My friends, what is your motto If you still haven't got a motto, please choose ⑩________because a motto can have a great effect on you.
五、七选五
55、True friends are hard to find. ①______. Only then will we have a valuable friendship.
②______Through good times or bad times, they will stand by your side. They will not leave you alone when things get difficult. They will accept you without trying to change you. They will bring new and exciting things into your life and make it richer.
True friends will keep your secrets as you will keep theirs. They will be honest and you can always believe in them. ③_____, you don't have to worry about what you may say wrong. We can enjoy this freedom only with friends.
Friendship is a two-way street. To find a true friend you must be a true friend as well. ④_____and share the good times with them. Offer them the same things they give to you. Friendship will fall apart quickly if only one person is giving and putting effort into it.
You will find that there is nothing more valuable than having a true friend by your side to share life with. Just as someone puts it "⑤______".
If you want to have some sincere friends, you must treat others sincerely. That is the best tips.
A. Be there for your friends when they are in need
B. We never make friends
C. We should find them by heart
D. Friends always argue with you
E. A true friend is someone who will always be there for you
F. If you talk to someone who you believe in
G. There is nothing on this earth more to be prized than true friendship
参考答案
1、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Neuroscientists (神经科学家) now know that brain maturation (成熟) occurs far later than previously thought.(神经科学家现在知道，大脑成熟的时间比以前认为的要晚得多。)”可知，大脑成熟的时间并不像以前想象的那么早。故选D。
2、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“ It’s a pity that Neuroscience won’t have much of an impact on politics although it is always correct.(虽然神经科学总是正确的，但遗憾的是它不会对政治产生太大的影响。)”以及最后一段“Even if I firmly believe legal decisions should refer to Neuroscience seriously and it’s a good idea to lower the drinking age and raise the driving age in the US(即使我坚信法律决定应该认真参考神经科学，在美国降低饮酒年龄和提高驾驶年龄是个好主意)”可知，作者认为神经科学给出的结论是正确的，只是它没有受到政治的关注，未对政治产生重大影响。由此推断作者对神经科学持有的是支持的态度。故选A。
3、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The Dutch, for example, allow children to drink alcohol at the age of 16 but not to drive until they are 19. (例如，荷兰允许16岁的孩子喝酒，但直到19岁才能开车。)”可知，荷兰是允许16岁的孩子喝酒的，但是19岁才能开车即19岁以下开车是违法的。故选A。
4、答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“Neuroscientists (神经科学家) now know that brain maturation (成熟) occurs far later than previously thought. (神经科学家现在知道，大脑成熟的时间比以前认为的要晚得多。)”；以及本段中“Should this new knowledge make us rethink where we draw legal boundaries between kids and adults (这一新知识是否会让我们重新思考孩子和成年人之间的法律界限？)”以及第二段中“Maybe. But it’s not as simple as it seems for two reasons.(也许吧。但事情并不像看上去那么简单，原因有二。)”可知，本文主要议论了神经科学家对人大脑的成熟有了新的认知，即大脑成熟的时间比以前认为的要晚一些，由此是否应该让我们重新思考孩子和成年人之间的法律界限，即神经科学的结论能否影响法律决定的制定，但实际而言事情看上去并不是那么简单，由此文章解释了两个原因，即对该问题进行了否定回答。故C选项“Should Neuroscience Affect Law Decisions (神经科学会影响法律决策吗？)”符合文章标题。故选C。
5、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，孩子们缺少辨别网络信息真伪的能力。
6、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。第四段作者所列方法的目的是减轻孩子心理负担，让他们大胆与父母沟通。
7、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段内容可以判断，标题全是大写字母且有错误的文章传达的往往是错误信息，网站地址结尾是“. co”的网络文章传达的也往往是错误信息。
8、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。通读全文可知，本文主要是写给父母阅读的。
9、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段关键句"A study group of 23 people were given the Affective Health prototype to use for a month. Importantly, the researchers purposely did not tell the participants what the devices were useful for."(一个由23人组成的研究小组使用了一个月的Affective Health原型机。重要的是，研究人员故意不告诉参与者这些设备的用途。)可知，研究人员没告诉参与者Affective Health原型机的用途，由此可知，参与者不知道原型机的具体用途。故选D。
10、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段关键句"But interestingly, few would use the technology for more than one purpose."(但有趣的是，很少有人会将该技术用于多个目的。)可知，研究人员发现，有趣的是，很少有人会将该技术用于多个目的，由此可知，研究人员感兴趣的是许多人认为该装置是一种单一用途的工具。故选C。
11、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容"Although the open design phase helped reveal several different practices Affective Health prototypes could be used for, the prototype lacked some of the functions needed to make it a good tool for a specific role—such as a sports training system, or as a stress management tool. The researchers found the need for a second, more tailored step in the design process to make devices specific to particular roles."(尽管开放设计阶段帮助揭示了Affective Health原型机可用于的几种不同实践，但该原型机缺乏某些功能，无法使其成为特定角色的良好工具，如运动训练系统或压力管理工具。研究人员发现，在设计过程中需要第二个更为定制的步骤，以使设备针对于特定角色。)可知，Affective Health原型机缺乏某些功能，无法成为特定角色的良好工具，需要进一步改进，以使设备针对于特定角色，由此可知，Affective Health原型机需要改进。故选D。
12、答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段关键句"An international team of researchers from Sweden and the UK have developed an innovative way of interpreting biological signals produced by our skin."(来自瑞典和英国的一个国际研究团队开发了一种解释我们皮肤产生的生物信号的创新方法。)可知，本文主要介绍了一个名为"Affective Health原型机"的新发明，可以解读我们皮肤产生的生物信号，可以用来观测我们的情绪变化，"Technologies Interpret Biodata from the Skin"意为"技术从皮肤解读生物数据"，选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选D。
13、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的""What's so innovative about that " a librarian in Toronto asked when I showed her pictures. Innovation to her meant digital technology, like 3D printers. "Why couldn't they both be innovative " I asked.("这有什么创新之处 "当我给多伦多的一位图书管理员看照片时，她问道。对她来说，创新意味着数字技术，比如3D打印机。"为什么它们不能都创新呢 "我问。)"可知，作者和这位图书管理员对创新的看法不一致，因此提到图书管理员的目的是为了提出论点，即到底什么是真正的创新，答案是To present an argument。故选D。
14、答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据第三段的"This mindset implies that if you just buy the new thing, you have innovated!(这种心态意味着，如果你只是买了新东西，你就已经创新了！)"可知，很多人认为如果买了新的东西，就意味着创新了，因此每年，企业和个人都试图为最新的时髦设备制定策略，因此划线词buzzword的意思是"时髦的"，即Fashionable。故选A。
15、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的"It is a continuing process of reflection and reassessment, which often means adopting "old" ideas and tools in a new context, or even returning to methods that worked in the past.(这是一个不断反思和重新评估的过程，这通常意味着在新的环境中采用"旧的"思想和工具，甚至回到过去有效的方法。)"可知，创新是要在新环境中用不断反思，用"旧的"思想和工具，也就是要以人为本。故选C。
16、答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段的"True innovation isn't just some magic devices. It is a continuing process of reflection and reassessment, which often means adopting "old" ideas and tools in a new context, or even returning to methods that worked in the past. Adjusted properly, these rearview(后视的) innovations have proved as transformative as novel technologies.(真正的创新不只是一些神奇的设备。这是一个不断反思和重新评估的过程，这通常意味着在新的环境中采用"旧的"思想和工具，甚至回到过去有效的方法。经过适当调整，这些后视镜创新被证明与新技术一样具有变革性。)"可知，本文讨论的是真正的创新。一些创新和创新想法是使用有效的旧思想和工具创造的。C选项"一些好的想法存在后视镜中"能够概括文章大意，且具有新颖性。故选C。
17、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。由第二段“Thus, I bought a tiny tracker made by a company called Tile, which attaches to her collar. It meant that even if I can't see her, I can pull out my phone and connect to Tile using Bluetooth. If the connection is made successfully, it means that she must be nearby.”（因此，我买了一个名为 Tile 的公司制造的微型追踪器，它附在她的衣领上。这意味着即使我看不到她，我也可以拿出手机并使用蓝牙连接到Tile。如果连接成功，则说明她一定在附近。）可知作者讲了一个小故事来说明作者对猫的喜爱，一刻都离不开，生怕丢了。故选C。
18、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由第四段“But Apple has added a twist:instead of just using your own iPhone to look for your own trackers, every iPhone in the world works together to find tracking tags”（但苹果增加了一个变化：不再只是用你自己的 iPhone 来寻找自己的追踪器，而是全世界的每一部 iPhone 一起寻找追踪器）可知，比起Tile来AirTag的优点是可以调动全世界的苹果手机共同追踪追踪器。故选D。
19、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。由第五段“Though Samsung has announced a similar tracking product that uses its phones, it won’t have the same reach as Apple’s network in the short term.”（尽管三星已经宣布了一款类似的使用其手机的跟踪产品，但短期内它的覆盖范围不会与苹果的网络相同）可知，苹果的竞争对手三星短期内无法超越苹果，故选A。
20、答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第六段“In the not-too-distant future, it’ll be the case that everything we buy of certain value that we might lose will have an AirTag built in. Your headphones, your fancy camera, your suitcase, and so on.”（在不远的将来，我们购买的具有一定价值但可能会丢失的所有东西都将内置一个AirTag。你的耳机、你的精美相机、你的手提箱等等。）可知，在不远的未开，任何贵重易丢失的东西都会连上追踪器。故“Lost and found”可以作为本文标题，吸引读者。故选B。
21、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"It will increase the electricity supply to Namibia, which imports 40 percent of power from neighboring South Africa. (这将增加对纳米比亚的电力供应，该国40%的电力从邻国南非进口。)"可知，纳米比亚的电力供应高度依赖于邻国。故选D。
22、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段"Hydrogen power is considered clean when it is made with reproducible power. (当使用可再生能源时，氢能源被认为是清洁的。)"可推断，氢能是环保的。故选A。
23、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段"European nations are trying to reduce their dependence on Russian energy. (欧洲国家正在努力减少对俄罗斯能源的依赖。)"可知，欧洲国家支持纳米比亚的氢能工业，因为可以减少从俄罗斯进口电力。故选D。
24、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"Obeth Kandjoze, director-general of Namibia's National Planning Commission said EU financial support was likely to be limited, but a financial deal could bring in other investors. (纳米比亚国家计划委员会总干事奥贝斯 坎乔泽表示，欧盟的财政支持可能有限，但金融交易可能会吸引其他投资者。)"可推断，纳米比亚的氢项目可能会吸引更多的投资。故选C。
25、答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据上文"Neo is connected to the robot doing the operation. When the robot touches something(Neo被连接到操作手术的机器人上。当机器人碰某个东西的时候)"以及下文"the touch on the doctor's head(医生头上的触感)"可知，当机器人触碰某个东西时，Neo会模仿医生头上的触感。即划线词的意思是：模仿。故选C。
26、答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第四段"But scientists have even bigger dreams. They are trying to make robots that can feel for themselves just like humans.( 但是科学家们还有更大的梦想，他们想让机器人变得能够像人类一样有自己的感受)"，可知，第四段主要讲的是机器人能够像人类一样有自己的感受。故选B。
27、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段"These sensors are at the end of the robots' hands. Messages will be sent to the robots' "brains"(这些传感器在机器人的指尖，通过它们能够把信息传递到机器人的大脑中) "可知，传感器可以帮助机器人传送信息。故选D。
28、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"Can we imagine humans will no longer be the masters (主人)of the world because robots are just as smart as we are in 500 years (你能想象500年后，机器人将变得跟人类一样聪明，人类不再是这个世界的主人吗？)"可知，对于机器人将替代人类成为世界的主人这个看法，作者表现出的是惊讶。故选A 。
29、答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。根据第一段"The older you get, the more difficult it is to learn a new language. But no one knows exactly what the cutoff point is—at what age it becomes harder.(你的年龄越大，学习一门新语言就越困难。但没有人确切地知道截止点是什么，在什么年龄会变得更难)"可知，这是人们面临的问题，所以研究人员想要解决的问题是在什么时期人们可以学好一门新的语言。故选D。
30、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段"At 18, kids typically graduate from high school and start college or enter the work force full-time. Once they do, they may no longer have the time, opportunity to study a second language.(18岁时，孩子们通常从高中毕业，开始上大学或全职工作。一旦他们开始上大学或者工作，他们可能就没有时间和机会学习第二语言了)"可知，人们在18岁时会开始上大学或者开始工作，所以没有了学习第二语言的时间和机会，即他们没有了学习第二语言的好的学习环境。故选A。
31、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段"In one of the largest studies, researchers from Boston-based universities found that children are good at learning a second language up until the age of 18, about 10 years later than earlier thought. But the study also showed that it is best to start by age 10 if you want to achieve the grammatical fluency of a native speaker.(在规模最大的研究之一中，波士顿大学的研究人员发现，孩子们在18岁之前都很擅长学习第二语言，这比之前想象的要晚10年左右。但研究还表明，如果你想达到母语者的语法流利程度，最好从10岁开始)"以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员发现学习第二语言与年龄之间的关系，18岁时语言学习能力下降，如果想达到母语者的语法流利程度，最好从10岁开始学习，所以作者写本篇文章是为了解释这一发现。故选A。
32、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容"Once I arrived at a place at midnight and the bank at the airport was closed. The only way to get to my hotel was by taxi and because I had no dollars, I offered to pay in pounds instead. 'Listen! I only take real money!' the driver said angrily.(有一次我在午夜到达一个地方，机场的银行关门了。我去酒店的唯一办法是乘出租车，因为我身上没有美元，所以我提出用英镑支付。"听着!我只收真钱!"司机生气地说。)"可知，作者到达目的地机场后，没能进行货币兑换，司机无法接受英镑支付。因此可知，作者不能给"真钱"，即，当地的钱，使司机生气。故选B。
33、答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据前文"The only way to get to my hotel was by taxi and because I had no dollars, I offered to pay in pounds instead. 'Listen! I only take real money!' the driver said angrily. Luckily I was able to borrow a few dollars from a clerk at the hotel…(我去酒店的唯一办法是乘出租车，因为我身上没有美元，所以我提出用英镑支付。"听!"我只收真钱!司机生气地说。幸运的是，我从旅馆的一个职员那里借到了几美元……)"可知，作者用英镑支付，出租车司机却不接受，只好向酒店的职员借钱支付车费，由此可推知"but it was embarrassing"讲述作者的处境很尴尬，因此，"embarrassing"应是"尴尬的"含义，与选项A"awkward(令人尴尬的，使人难堪的)"表达含义一致。故选A。
34、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章末尾段内容"The third and last rule is to find out as much as you can about the weather at your destination before you leave.(第三条也是最后一条规则是在出发前尽可能多地了解目的地的天气情况。)"可知，应该尽可能多的了解目的地的天气情况。C项"You should know more about the weather of the place you'll visit.(你应该多了解一下你要去的地方的天气。)"表述正确。故选C。
35、答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。文章首段内容"If you're planning on travelling, there are a few simple rules about how to make life easier both before and after your journey.(如果你正在计划旅行，有一些简单的规则可以让你在旅行前后的生活更轻松。)"揭示了文章主旨，即，作者想要通过自己的亲身经历介绍了一些使旅行更加轻松的简单规则。故选B。
36、答案：
Dear Tom,
I’m terribly sorry that I can’t accompany you to Jingzhou Fantawild to admire the fireworks and experience the Torch Festival this weekend. I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble.
Recently I have had a high fever and have to stay at home for a few days in case it becomes worse. Were it not for the illness, I would definitely spend much fun time with you. Please accept my sincere apology. I would appreciate it if you could allow me to fix another time to show you around Fantawild.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：本文是一篇应用文写作。要求考生给外籍教师Tom写一封电子邮件解释，你因故不能在本周末去方特乐园赏烟花、过火把节。
1. 词汇积累
非常地：terribly→extremely
欣赏：admire→appreciate
造成：cause→lead to
真诚的：sincere→honest
2. 句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：Recently I have had a high fever and have to stay at home for a few days in case it becomes worse.
拓展句：Recently I have had a high fever, which makes me have to stay at home for a few days in case it becomes worse.
[高分句型1]Were it not for the illness, I would definitely spend much fun time with you. Please accept my sincere apology.(省略if的虚拟语气)
[高分句型2]I would appreciate it if you could allow me to fix another time to show you around Fantawild.(if引导的条件状语从句)
37、答案：Dear Harry,
Hearing that you are looking for a part-time English commentator, I am writing to apply for the position.
First of all, having studied English for about ten years, I have a good command of English and I can communicate with foreigners in English fluently. Secondly, since I grew up here, I am quite familiar with the history and traditions of our cities, as well as our school. Furthermore, as a kind and brave and outgoing girl, I can get along well with different people. I am sure foreigners will be satisfied with my thoughtful and excellent service.
I would deeply appreciate it if you could give me the precious chance to serve as a commentator. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：这是一篇应用文。文章要求考生向负责给校史馆招募英文讲解员的负责人Harry老师写一封申请信，自荐自己说明自己的优势。
1. 词汇积累
寻找：look for → search for
擅长：have a good command of → be expert at
流利地，熟练地：fluently → skillfully
与……相处好：get along well with → get on well with
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：First of all, having studied English for about ten years, I have a good command of English and I can communicate with foreigners in English fluently.
拓展句：First of all, as I have studied English for about ten years, I am expert at English and I can communicate with foreigners in English fluently.
【高分句型1】
First of all, having studied English for about ten years, I have a good command of English and I can communicate with foreigners in English fluently. (运用了现在分词作状语)
【高分句型2】
I am sure foreigners will be satisfied with my thoughtful and excellent service. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)
38、答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。hospital医院; factory工厂;church教堂;government政府。句意:他无家可归,每天都去当地的教堂。分析句意,根据后文"Although the church never let him in"可知,此处表示他每天都去教堂。故选B项。
39、答案：D
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。free免费的; broken破碎的; closed关着的; open敞开的。句意:虽然教堂从来不让他进来,但他们让一扇窗户开着,好让他能听弥撒。分析句意,根据后面提到的"好让他能听弥撒"可知,此处表示将窗户打开。故选D项。
40、答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。hope希望;desire欲望;ambition野心;attitude态度。句意:这给了他希望和安慰。分析句意,根据"and comfort"可知,此处应是教堂的弥撒给了他希望和安慰。故选A项。
41、答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。expected期望;knew知道;forgot忘记;blessed祝福。句意:在那些时候,他的眼睛会亮起来,几乎忘记了他所经历的一切。分析句意,根据前文"他的眼睛会亮起来"可知,他在那个时刻忘记了自己所经历的痛苦。故选C项。
42、答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。homeless无家可归的;hopeless绝望的;careless粗心的;selfless自私的。句意:每年冬天,我都会为他和其他无家可归的人感到紧张。分析句意,根据前文可知,作者的朋友无家可归。此处用and并列,因此文中"其他人"和作者朋友的身份一样,都是无家可归之人。故选A项。
43、答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。enough充足;storage储存;donation捐款;lack缺乏。句意:我觉得这还不够。分析句意,根据后文"No matter how many blankets I buy, it will never be enough"可知,此处表示作者带去的毯子和手套不够。故选A项。
44、答案：B
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。best最好;worst最糟糕;least最小的;most大部分。句意:今年冬天是最糟糕的。分析句意,根据后文"One night, concerned about our friend, I headed out with warm food and extra blankets"可知,今年的冬天最糟糕。故选B项。
45、答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。apartment公寓;workplace工作场所;tent帐篷;yard院子。句意:我找到了我们朋友的帐篷,但没有听到一点声音。分析句意,根据后文"opened the tent"可知,作者找到了他朋友住的帐篷。故选C项。
46、答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。moved感动;excited激动;frightened害怕;tired疲倦句意:我很担心,打开帐篷,被眼前的景象感动了。分析句意,根据后文可知,作者的朋友也是无家可归之人,但却把所有的毯子都盖在他身上给他保暖。因此当作者看到这一幕是深受"感动"。故选A项。
47、答案：B
解析：考查副词及语境理解。impatiently不耐烦地;freely自由地;nervously紧张地;soundly酣畅地。句意:另一位刚到镇上来的老先生,在一堆毯子下面睡得正香。分析句意,前文提到了帐篷后发现里头没有声音。另外根据后文作者的朋友把所有的毯子都盖在它身上给它保暖可知,此处表示这位老先生在一堆毯子下睡的酣畅淋漓。故选B项。
48、答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。chained束缚;covered覆盖;approached接近;pressed留下印象。句意:我们的朋友把所有的毯子都盖在他身上让他暖和。分析句子,根据后文提到" Our friend sacrificed himself so another fellow human could 13 a cold night"可知,此处表示作者的朋友把自己的所以被子都给那个老人盖上。故选B项。
49、答案：D
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。inspired品质优秀的;quiet安静的;awake醒着的;warm温暖的。句意:我们的朋友把所有的毯子都盖在他身上让他暖和。分析句意,根据前句提到作者朋友把所以毯子都给老人盖上。此处表示目的是为了让他温暖。故选D项。
50、答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。experience经历;survive幸存,活下来;waste浪费;celebrate庆祝。句意:我们的朋友牺牲了自己,让另一个人能熬过—个寒冷的夜晚。分析句意,根据前文可知,这位老人也是一个无家可归之人。在寒冷的冬夜,在我的朋友的帮助下,他能熬过寒冷的冬夜。故选B项。
51、答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。attended参加;formed形成;left离开;missed错过。句意:唯一参加的人是我们镇上为数不多的无家可归的人、我的丈夫、我的狗和我。分析句意,根据前文提及作者的朋友过世了可知,此处应表示"参加"葬礼的人只有为数不多的无家可归的人我的丈夫、我的狗和我。故选A项.
52、答案：C
解析：考查代词及语境理解。nothing没有什么;anything任何东西;something某事,某物;everything每件事情。句意:不管我买多少毯子,都是不够的,但这确实很重要。分析句意,根据后文"The whole society should make efforts"可知,虽然我买多少毯子都不够,但确实很重要的。整个社会都应努力。同时此处和前句构成前后转折。Be something译为"了不起,很重要",此处是固定短语。故选C项。
53、答案：①which②has been/is③on/upon④Normally⑤are divided⑥tails⑦themselves⑧and⑨using⑩to help
解析：①考查定语从句。句意:他的团队项目在2022年大脑挑战赛中获得一等奖,这是由Brain Bee为青年学生举办的,今年是自20200年以来的第三年比赛。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the 2022 Brain Challenge,先行词在从句中作主语。故填which。
②考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:他的团队项目在2022年大脑挑战赛中获得一等奖,这是由Brain Bee为青年学生举办的,今年是自20200年以来的第三年比赛。根据时间状语since 2020可知,此处使用现在完成时,主语this year为第三人称单数,谓语动词使用has been;或可以认为此句是对于客观事实的陈述,用一般现在时,应填is。故填has been/ is。
③考查介词。句意:他们专注于创新悬尾实验。focused on/upon为固定短语,意为"专注于"。故填on/upon。
④考查副词。句意:在悬尾实验中正常情况下,患有抑郁症的老鼠被分为两组,其中只有一组注射了新的疗效即将被测试的抗抑郁药物。空格处修饰整个句子,需用副词形式,位于句首首字母大写。故填Normally。
⑤考查动词时态和语态。句意:在悬尾实验中正常情况下,患有抑郁症的老鼠被分为两组,其中只有一组注射了新的疗效即将被测试的抗抑郁药物。空格处在句中作谓语动词,主语rats是复数名词且和divide之间是被动关系,此句陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are divided。
⑥考查名词的数。句意:句意:这两组老鼠被用他们的尾巴悬挂起来。根据空格前的their可知,空格处应填名词,tail为可数名词,应用复数形式。故填tails。
⑦考查代词。句意:研究人员观察每组老鼠挣脱的时间。空格处在句中作free的宾语,宾语和主语所指相同,故宾语用反身代词。故填themselves。
⑧考查连词。句意:他的团队还提出了使用计算机进行限定和测量老鼠的运动。根据句意可知,quantify和calculate是并列关系,和前面的不定式符号to构成了不定式作目的状语,故填and。
⑨考查现在分词。句意:研究者可以根据计算机算出的数字来决定每个动作是否算数,使用体重计捕捉老鼠的每个动作。分析句子结构可知,counts on为谓语动词,空格处应填非谓语动词作伴随状语,Researchers和use之间为主谓关系,需用现在分词形式。故填using。
⑩考查不定式。句意:季补充说:“我认为最基本帮助的方式就是研发药物,所以这将是我从事的领域。”分析句子结构可知,is为系动词,空格处应填非谓语动词作定语,way后通常用不定式作定语。故填to help。
54、答案：which/that；faced ；Learning ；to work ；but ； to ；easily ；confidence ；an ；one
解析：这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，文章主要讲的是座右铭对于作者的重大影响。
①考查定语从句。句意：座右铭是一个句子或短语，可以激励我们，特别是当我们面临困难的时候。此处为定语从从句，先行词为a sentence or a phrase，指物，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。
②考查固定搭配。句意：座右铭是一个句子或短语，可以激励我们，特别是当我们面临困难的时候。短语be faced with…意为"面临……"，固定搭配。故填faced。
③考查动名词。句意：我们许多人都有自己的座右铭，比如"有志者事竟成。"或"学习就像逆水行舟；不进则退。"等等。结合句意空处应填动名词形式，作主语，表示习惯性、经常性的动作，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Learning。
④考查不定式。句意：有时我很懒，不想努力工作，但一想到我的座右铭，我就会再次充满活力，全身心地投入到我正在做的事情中。结合句意空处应填不定式的形式to work，make efforts to do sth.意为"努力做某事"，固定搭配，不定式作目的状语。故填to work。
⑤考查连词。句意：有时我很懒，不想努力工作，但一想到我的座右铭，我就会再次充满活力，全身心地投入到我正在做的事情中。空前后语意是转折关系，应用表示转折关系的并列连词but。故填but。
⑥考查介词。句意：有时我很懒，不想努力工作，但一想到我的座右铭，我就会再次充满活力，全身心地投入到我正在做的事情中。结合句意及空前的devote myself可知应填介词to，devote oneself to...意为"全身心投入到……中"，固定搭配。故填to。
⑦考查副词。句意：我把我的座右铭写在容易看到的地方。结合句意空处应填副词形式easily，作状语，修饰动词see。故填easily。
⑧考查名词。句意：每当我考试失败，开始失去信心时，看到我的座右铭使我充满信心。结合句意及空前的with much，可知应填名词形式confidence，作宾语，为不可数名词。故填confidence。
⑨考查冠词。句意：我的座右铭也使我成为一个独立的人。表示"一个独立的人"应用不定冠词，表泛指，形容词independent首字母发音为元音音素，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
⑩考查指示代词。句意：如果你还没有座右铭，请选择一个，因为座右铭对你有很大的影响。结合句意此处表示众多座右铭中的任何一个，为泛指概念，应用指示代词one，相当于a motto。故填one。
55、答案：①-⑤ CEFAG
解析：这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了真朋友的意义。
①上文"True friends are hard to find."(真正的朋友很难找。)提到找到真正的朋友很难。下文"Only then will we have a valuable friendship."(只有这样，我们才能拥有宝贵的友谊。)承接空处，讲述了这样就有了真正的友谊。所以空处应说明具体找到真朋友的方式。选项C."我们应该用心去找"，指出了用心找朋友是找到真朋友的方式，与下文逻辑相符。故选C。
②下文"Through good times or bad times, they will stand by your side. They will not leave you alone when things get difficult. They will accept you without trying to change you. They will bring new and exciting things into your life and make it richer."(无论顺境逆境，他们都会站在你身边。当事情变得困难时，他们不会独自留下你。他们会接受你，而不是试图改变你。他们会给你的生活带来新的、令人兴奋的东西，让你的生活更加丰富多彩。)讲述了真朋友不在乎你的境况，总会站在你身边。因而作为本段的主题句，可以描述什么是真朋友。选项E."真正的朋友是一个永远在你身边的人。"语义符合。故选E。
③上文"True friends will keep your secrets as you will keep theirs. "(真正的朋友会保守你的秘密，就像你保守他们的秘密一样。)讲述了真朋友会保守你的秘密，这样会给你安全感。因而，空处可以承接前文，讲述你和你信任的人讲话，就不用担心。选项F."如果你和你信任的人说话"，与下文"you don't have to worry about what you may say wrong. "(你不必担心你会说错什么。)在意义上逻辑相符。故选F。
④上文"Friendship is a two-way street. To find a true friend you must be a true friend as well. "(友谊是一条双行道。要找到一个真正的朋友，你也必须是一个真正的朋友。)讲述要找到真朋友，你必须也是一个真正的朋友。所以空处承接前文，讲述真正的朋友要做什么。选项A."当你的朋友需要帮助的时候陪在他们身边"，论述了真朋友要在朋友需要时陪在他们身边，符合题意。故选A。
⑤上文"You will find that there is nothing more valuable than having a true friend by your side to share life with. Just as someone puts it"(你会发现没有什么比拥有一个真正的朋友在你身边分享生活更有价值的了。就像有人说的那样)可知，空处是对本段内容的总结，讲述真正的朋友是最有价值的，是值得珍视的。选项G."世界上没有什么比真正的友谊更值得珍视了"，符合题意。故选G。
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Neuroscientists （神经科学家）now know that brain maturation （成熟）occurs far later than previously thought. Great changes in brain are still taking place during young adulthood, especially in the regions that are important for planning ahead, expecting the future results of one's decisions, and comparing risk and reward. Indeed, some brain regions do not reach full maturity until the early 20s. Should this new knowledge make us rethink where we draw legal boundaries between kids and adults
Maybe. But it's not as simple as it seems for two reasons.
First, different brain regions mature along with different timetables. There is no single age at which the adolescent brain becomes an adult brain. Systems responsible for logical reasoning mature when people are 16, but those involved in self-regulation are still developing in young adulthood. This is why 16-year-olds are just as capable as adults when it comes to permitting informed medical papers, but are still immature in ways that reduce their criminal responsibility, as the Supreme Court has noted in several recent cases. Using different ages for different legal boundaries seems strange, but it would make neuro- scientific sense if we did it reasonably.
Second, science has never had much influence on these decisions. If it did, we wouldn't have lived in a society that allows teenagers to drive before they can buy beer. Age boundaries are drawn mainly for political reasons, not scientific ones. It's a pity that Neuroscience won't have much of an impact on politics although it is always correct.
Children are so changeable in their growth and how cultures understand child development is so different. It is pointless to try to determine the “right” age of maturation. The Dutch, for example, allow children to drink alcohol at the age of 16 but not to drive until they are 19. Even if I firmly believe legal decisions should refer to Neuroscience seriously and it's a good idea to lower the drinking age and raise the driving age in the US, I recognize that the government might never accept it.
1、What can we learn about brain maturation according to the passage
A. All the brain areas become mature at the same time.
B. Scientists' brain matures much earlier than politicians'.
C. The region in charge of logical reasoning isn't mature until 18.
D. The time of brain maturation is not as early as thought before.
2、What is the author's attitude towards Neuroscience
A. Favorable. B. Skeptical. C. Indifferent. D. Intolerant.
3、What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. It's illegal for a Dutch boy to drive at the age of 16.
B. The culture of the Dutch is much better than the USA.
C. It's of great value to determine the right age of maturation.
D. The influence of science on law and policy making is very big.
4、What could be the best title for the passage
A. Should Children Learn from Capable Adults
B. Can Neuroscience Create Mature Scientists
C. Should Neuroscience Affect Law Decisions
D. Can Children Drive and Drink Beer Like Adults
Talking to your children about the misinformation they may find online is a great idea. Children don't always have the judgment or critical thinking skills to test what they read or watch, but they’ll develop these abilities quickly if you help them figure out how to separate fact from fiction. We’re here to help you do just that!
Don't wait for your kids to approach you with questions——instead, take a few minutes to sit down with them. Let them know that there's a lot of content out there on the Internet, and not all of it is true. With everything going on in the world, remind your kids that they might be seeing a lot of confusing, false information going around on social media and other parts of the web.
It's a good idea to turn news reports and TV shows into teachable moments. Look for small opportunities to start helpful conversations about misinformation with your kids. Take a TV show or newspaper article and transform it into a helpful, easy way to understand what misinformation is, and how to avoid it.
Misinformation can be really upsetting and stressful for your kids to think about. Let them know that you're always available to listen and answer their questions if they’re feeling confused. Reassure your kids that there are no stupid questions, and that you’re always willing to explain something for them.
Teach your kids a few tricks to fact-check misinformation online. Remind your kids to be on the lookout for strange-looking websites, like those ending with “. co”. Tell them to read through the headline. If it has a lot of mistakes, or if it's written in all capital letters, there’s a good chance that it might be misinformation. Additionally, introduce your kids to official websites, which are quick and easy ways to fact-check information.
5、Why should people talk to their children about online misinformation
A.There is no information holding true online.
B.There is no one else willing to teach the children.
C.Children lack the ability to judge the information.
D.Children can't develop the judgement on their own.
6、The approach mentioned in paragraph 4 aims to ________.
A.relieve children’s financial burden
B.approach children positively to help them
C.remind parents to seize every chance to teach
D.encourage children to communicate with parents
7、Which of the following is most likely to be misinformation
A.A passage titled with “SHOK! GAS RAN OUT YESTERDAY”.
B.A passage titled with “Origins of the Mandela Effect”.
C.A passage on the website www. . cn.
D.A passage on the website www. .
8、Who is the text intended for
A. Teachers. B. Teenagers. C. Students. D. Parents.
An international team of researchers from Sweden and the UK have developed an innovative way of interpreting biological signals produced by our skin. Using data obtained from a Philips wrist-worn wearable sensor device that can also measure movement, the researchers' system displays information in the form of colourful spiral graphics(螺旋图形) in real time on a smartphone, as well as a recording of data, for the wearer to interpret and reflect on.
The prototype(雏形) visualisation system, called 'Affective Health', was developed by experts in Human-Computer Interaction looking into how new and emerging computer technologies can be used to design engaging visualisations on smartphones.
A study group of 23 people were given the Affective Health prototype to use for a month. Importantly, the researchers purposely did not tell the participants what the devices were useful for. Instead, they gave guidelines that Affective Health could collect information relating to both physical and emotional reactions, how increased sweating increased the conductivity, and how this was represented by different colours. The participants were left to decide the best ways of using the technology.
The researchers found that this open design stage of the study led to some participants using the system as a tool to measure and help manage their stress levels. While others, including outstanding athletes, used the device to get information on their training and recovery programmes. Other uses included logging information on their lives and tracking emotions. But interestingly, few would use the technology for more than one purpose.
Although the open design phase helped reveal several different practices Affective Health prototypes could be used for, the prototype lacked some of the functions needed to make it a good tool for a specific role—such as a sports training system, or as a stress management tool. The researchers found the need for a second, more tailored step in the design process to make devices specific to particular roles.
9、What were the participants unaware of about the prototype
A. Its function as a measuring tool.
B. Its reactions to physical activity.
C. Its colourful spiral graphics.
D. Its specified uses.
10、What interested the researchers
A. People used the device quite differently.
B. Few used the device to help better themselves.
C. Many considered the device a single-purpose tool.
D. Many purposely avoided the device's certain functions.
11、What can be learned about Affective Health
A. It has a rising market share.
B. It causes trouble for users.
C. It lacks competitiveness.
D. It needs improvement.
12、What can be the best title for the text
A. Sweat, a Mood Detector
B. Time to Reflect on Ourselves
C. Colourful Sensors Gain Popularity
D. Technologies Interpret Biodata from the Skin
When I stepped into the Samcheong Park Library in Seoul, I saw the future. The simple building had a nice selection of books and a cafe where readers could enjoy coffee while gazing at the leaves outside. It was specifically designed without any latest technology.
"What's so innovative about that " a librarian in Toronto asked when I showed her pictures. Innovation to her meant digital technology, like 3D printers. "Why couldn't they both be innovative " I asked.
We are constantly told that innovation is the most important force in our economy, without which we would be left behind. But that fear of missing out has led us to fall into the false trappings of innovation over truly innovative ideas that may be simpler and more effective. This mindset implies that if you just buy the new thing, you have innovated! Each year, businesses and individuals run around like broken toy robots, trying to figure out their strategy for the latest buzzword equipment.
At best, this is a waste of resources. Devices are bought, used and abandoned, as the technology's capabilities fall short of its promise. But at its worst, this approach can truly cause damage. Schools cut field trips to purchase tablets with few proven panies that applied A. I. into hiring have actually strengthened gender and racial prejudices.
True innovation isn't just some magic devices. It is a continuing process of reflection and reassessment, which often means adopting "old" ideas and tools in a new context, or even returning to methods that worked in the past. Adjusted properly, these rearview(后视的) innovations have proved as transformative as novel technologies.
Look no farther than the streets of New York, which have been redesigned recently to accommodate cyclists with car-free zones. The idea isn't new. It was created half a century ago, with the aim of bringing cities back to their residents. And while e-reader sales have been exploding, Penguin just announced it would publish tiny printed books, an ideal solution for a market demanding both convenience and physicality.
13、Why is a librarian mentioned
A. To set an example. B. To cite an authority.
C. To make a prediction. D. To present an argument.
14、What does the underlined "buzzword" mean in Para.3
A. Fashionable. B. Affordable. C. Practical. D. Imaginative.
15、What does the writer agree with about innovation
A. Wasted resources lead to innovation.
B. Magic devices encourage innovation.
C. Innovation should be human-centered.
D. The power of technology is undervalued.
16、What is probably the best title of the text
A. Innovation Is Not That Expensive
B. Future Lies in Returning to the Past
C. Some Best Ideas Are in the Rearview Mirror
D. Innovation: the Most Important Force in Economy
About a year ago, my partner and I got a little black and white cat. We called her Hashtag and a parental instinct (本能) in my body kicked in. If I don’t see Hashtag for a While, I worry that something terrible has happened to her.
Thus, I bought a tiny tracker made by a company called Tile, which attaches to her collar. It meant that even if I can’t see her. I can pull out my phone and connect to Tile using Bluetooth. If the connection is made successfully, it means that she must be nearby.
But there was still a problem: what if Hashtag were to get out of the house and run further away Bluetooth range only extends to around ten meters, so any further and her location would be a mystery.
This is why I was delighted when earlier this year Apple released the AirTag, its own Bluetooth tracker. AirTags work the same way as Tile. But Apple has added a twist: instead of just using your own iPhone to look for your own trackers, every iPhone in the world works together to find tracking tags (跟踪器). This means even if you personally aren’t in range of your AirTag, as long as there’s an iPhone nearby, you can see updates on where it is-and more importantly, where your cat, keys, or whatever you have attached to it are.
As you can probably tell, I find this new technology strangely mind-blowing. Apple has created an entirely new, massive network of physical objects that covers pretty much the entire world. And, slightly scanty, it is only possible because there are a billion iPhones out there. Though Samsung has announced a similar tracking product that uses its phones, it won’t have the same reach as Apple’s network in the short term.
In the not-too-distant future, it’ll be the case that everything we buy of certain value that we might lose will have an AirTag built in. Your headphones, your fancy camera, your suitcase, and so on.
So, if Hashtag ever does escape, then at least I can invite the entire world to help look for her.
17、How does the author express her affection for Hashtag
A. By giving it a nickname. B. By detailing her caring acts.
C. By telling a specific story. D. By using a comparison.
18、According to the author, in what way is the AirTag better than the tiny tracker by Tile
A. Every iPhone is uniquely connected to its AirTag.
B. Apple provides better customer services than Tile.
C. An AirTag covers larger range than its opponents.
D iPhones throughout the world can help track, tags.
19、Which of the following statements is true
A. AirTag’s success is quite difficult to copy.
B. Samsung has posed much challenge to Apple.
C. It’s a long way before AirTag gains popularity.
D. Overuse of AirTags makes a mess of our life.
20、What is probably the best title for the passage
A. Say no to trackers. B. Lost and found.
C. No worries for pets. D. To track or to follow.
A French power producer, HDF Energy, expects its hydrogen energy power station in Namibia to produce electricity by 2024. And HDF Energy announced the plan for the southern African country publicly recently. This plant in Namibia would be Africa's first. HDF Energy is also considering new projects across Africa.
The project is expected to cost about $181 million. Once operated, it will supply electrical power, 24 hours a day throughout the year. It will increase the electricity supply to Namibia, which imports 40 percent of power from neighboring South Africa. Namibia is one of the world's sunniest and least densely-populated countries. It wants to use its great potential for solar and wind energy to produce green hydrogen power. And Namibia wants to become a renewable energy center in Africa.
Hydrogen power is considered clean when it is made with reproducible power. It is seen as an important way to reduce carbon-based fuels in the energy industry. The project will use solar panels(电池板) to produce electricity. Electrolyzers produce hydrogen which can be easily stored by using electricity to separate hydrogen from oxygen in water.
Another company named Hyphen Hydrogen Energy is in talks with Namibia's government to secure an agreement for a planned hydrogen project. European Union says they also plan a deal with the country to support its green hydrogen industry. The German government has already agreed to invest $41.8 million in Namibia's hydrogen plan. European nations are trying to reduce their dependence on Russian energy. Obeth Kandjoze, director-general of Namibia's National Planning Commission said EU financial support was likely to be limited, but a financial deal could bring in other investors.
21、What do we know about Namibia according to the text
A. It has the longest sunny days in the world.
B. It is the renewable energy center of Africa.
C. It owns Africa's first hydrogen energy power station.
D. Its power supply highly depends on neighbouring countries.
22、Which word could be the best to describe the hydrogen energy
A. Environmental-friendly.
B. Harmful.
C. Widely-applied.
D. Low-cost.
23、Why do European countries support Namibia's hydrogen industry
A. To seek high profit from the industry.
B. To reduce the air pollution in Namibia.
C. To supply enough electricity to Namibia.
D. To decrease their power import from Russia.
24、What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. The storage of hydrogen is the toughest part of the project.
B. The power station will solve the power shortage in Namibia.
C. The hydrogen project in Namibia may attract more investment.
D. The application of hydrogen energy is popular around the world.
Have you ever imagined that scientists could make robots that will be able to feel and touch just like humans In the future robots might no longer be stiff(僵硬的), metal machines. They might be able to act and even look just like us!
The system used to help robots feel is called "haptics technology". Haptics is a word which is used to describe the way we understand something through the use of touch. For example, now doctors can use robotic machines in operations. But this is a bit dangerous. Why Because the robot cannot feel anything. The doctor can only see what the robot is doing by watching on a screen.
However, US scientists have created a machine called Neo that a doctor wears on his or her head. Neo is connected to the robot doing the operation. When the robot touches something, Neo imitates the touch on the doctor's head.
The invention of Neo is great news for doctors because now they can feel what the robot is feeling. But scientists have even bigger dreams. They are trying to make robots that can feel for themselves just like humans. They have created sensors that are just like the human fingertip. These sensors are at the end of the robots' hands. Messages will be sent to the robots' "brains". And the robots will know how to hold something without breaking it.
If these scientists succeed, robots will feel just like a human and will be able to control themselves. Can we imagine humans will no longer be the masters(主人) of the world because robots are just as smart as we are in 500 years
25、The underlined word "imitates" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to________.
A. trains B. draws C. copies D. remembers
26、The fourth paragraph mainly talks about________.
A. how Neo works
B. robots that can feel for themselves like humans
C. what Neo can do
D. how a message is sent to the robots' brains
27、What can we learn about sensors from the passage
A. They can help robots write messages.
B. They can help robots write break things
C. They are at the end of the robots' heads.
D. They can help send messages to robots.
28、The writer may think the future will be________ if the robots replace humans to be the masters of the world.
A. surprising B. bright C. relaxing D. hopeful
The older you get, the more difficult it is to learn a new language. But no one knows exactly what the cutoff point is—at what age it becomes harder. In one of the largest studies, researchers from Boston-based universities found that children are good at learning a second language up until the age of 18, about 10 years later than earlier thought. But the study also showed that it is best to start by age 10 if you want to achieve the grammatical fluency of a native speaker.
To solve this problem, the research team collected data on a person's age, language level and time studying English. They created a short online grammar quiz called "Which English " that tested noun-verb agreement, pronouns, prepositions and relative clauses, among other linguistic elements. They wanted to find out when the "critical period" for achieving the highest levels of grammatical fluency ends.
Based on people's grammar scores and information about their learning of English, the researchers developed models to find out how long it takes to become fluent in a language and the best age to start learning. They concluded that the ability to learn a new language, at least grammatically, is strongest until the age of 18. To become completely fluent, however, learning should start before the age of 10.
There are three main ideas as to why language-learning ability falls at 18: social changes, interference(干扰) from one's primary language and continuing brain development. At 18, kids typically graduate from high school and start college or enter the work force full-time. Once they do, they may no longer have the time, opportunity to study a second language. Or it is possible that after one masters a first language, its rules interfere with the ability to learn a second language. Finally, changes in the brain that continue during the late teens and early 20s may somehow make learning harder.
This is not to say that we cannot learn a new language if we are over 20. There are many examples of people who pick up a language later in life.
Although the study was conducted only in English, the researchers believe the findings will transfer to other languages and they are developing similar tests for Spanish and Mandarin.
29、In Paragraph 2, "this problem" refers to ______.
A. at what age people can do the quiz
B. how people improve their language skills
C. why people find it hard to master grammar rules
D. in what period people can learn a new language well
30、Why does people's language-learning ability fall at 18
A. Because they have no good learning environment.
B. Because they are busy developing other life skills.
C. Because they needn't improve the language ability.
D. Because they focus more on their primary language.
31、Why does the author write the passage
A. To explain a finding. B. To provide a solution.
C. To lead a discussion. D. To support an opinion.
If you're planning on travelling, there are a few simple rules about how to make life easier both before and after your journey.
First of all, always check and double-check departure(起程) time. It is amazing how few people really do this carefully. Once I arrived at the airport a few minutes after ten. My secretary had got the ticket for me and I thought she had said that the plane left at 10:50. When I arrived at the airport, the clerk at the departure desk told me that my flight was closed. Therefore, I had to wait three hours for the next one and missed an important meeting.
The second rule is to remember that even in this age of credit cards, it is still important to have at least a little of the local currency(货币) with you when you arrive in a country. This can be necessary if you are flying to a place few tourists normally visit. Once I arrived at a place at midnight and the bank at the airport was closed. The only way to get to my hotel was by taxi and because I had no dollars, I offered to pay in pounds instead. "Listen! I only take real money!" the driver said angrily. Luckily I was able to borrow a few dollars from a clerk at the hotel, but it was embarrassing.
The third and last rule is to find out as much as you can about the weather at your destination before you leave. I feel sorry for some of my workmates who travel in heavy suits and raincoats in May, when it is still fairly cool in London or Manchester, to places like Athens, Rome or Madrid, where it is already beginning to get quite warm during the day.
32、According to the passage, the driver was angry because ________.
A. the author gave him the false(假的) money
B. the author did not give him the local money
C. the author offered to pay by credit card
D. the author had no enough change
33、The underlined word "embarrassing" in paragraph 3 probably means ________
A. awkward B. frightening C. suitable D. anxious
34、Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. The author tells people to choose warm places as their travel destinations.
B. You don't have to take credit cards when travelling.
C. You should know more about the weather of the place you'll visit.
D. It's unnecessary to check the departure time carefully.
35、The writer mainly tells us ________.
A. how to make life easier B. how to be well prepared for a trip
C. how to enjoy ourselves on a trip D. how to plan our trip
二、书面表达
36、假定你是荆州外国语学校学生李华，你和你校外籍教师Tom约好本周末去方特乐园赏烟花、过火把节，但你因故不能赴约，请按下列要求给Tom写一封电子邮件:
1.表示歉意;
2.解释原因;
3.另约时间。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80词左右。
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3.参考词汇:荆州方特乐园一Jingzhou Fantawild 火把节--the Torch Festival
Dear Tom,
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
37、假定你是李华，得知由于国际交流的需要，你校的校史馆正在招募英文讲解员，请你向负责人Harry老师写一封申请信。要点如下：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 能做的事情。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：讲解员 commentator
Dear Harry,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
三、完形填空（15空）
A gentleman lost his family when young. He was homeless and went to the local 1 every day. Although the church never let him in, they left one of the windows 2 so he could hear mass （弥撒曲）.It gave him 3 and comfort. Many times we would bring him into our home for a hot shower, or a hot meal. Those were the times when his eyes lit up, almost like he 4 everything he was going through.
Every winter I would get nervous for him and other 5 people. I would take blankets and gloves to hand out. It never felt like 6 . This winter was the 7 . One night, concerned about our friend, I headed out with warm food and extra blankets. I found our friend's 8 but didn't hear a sound. Worried, I opened the tent and was 9 by what I saw. Another elder gentleman that was new to town was sleeping 10 under a pile of blankets. Our friend had 11 him with all of the blankets to keep him 12 . Our friend sacrificed himself so another fellow human could 13 a cold night.
Our friend was buried in our local cemetery （墓地）.The only people that 14 were our town's few homeless people, my husband, my dogs and me. No matter how many blankets I buy, it will never be enough, but it's 15 the whole society should make efforts.
38、A. hospital B. church C. factory D. government
39、A. free B. broken C. closed D. open
40、A. hope B. desire C. ambition D. attitude
41、A. expected B. knew C. forgot D. blessed
42、A. homeless B. hopeless C. careless D. selfless
43、A. enough B. storage C. donation D. lack
44、A. best B. worst C. least D. most
45、A. apartment B. workplace C. tent D. yard
46、A. moved B. excited C. frightened D. tired
47、A. impatiently B. soundly C. nervously D. freely
48、A. chained B. covered C. approached D. impressed
49、A. inspired B. quiet C. awake D. warm
50、A. experience B. survive C. waste D. celebrate
51、A. attended B. formed C. left D. missed
52、A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything
四、语法填空
53、 Ji Jiahe, from No.2 High School of East China Normal University, wants to help people around him who are suffering from depression. His team project won first prize in the 2022 Brain Challenge, ①_____ is held by Brain Bee for young students, and this year ②_____(be) the third year of the competition since 2020.
Ji's project, aided by two other friends and team members Zou Ruoyao and Zhang Yutian, has an interesting name called Le Bu Si Shu(“乐不思鼠”). They have focused ③_____ innovating the tail suspension test(悬尾实验). ④_____(normal)in a tail suspension test, rats with depression ⑤_____(divide) into two groups, with only one group injected(注入) with the new antidepressant whose efficacy is about to be tested. The two groups of rats are hung by their ⑥_____(tail).Researchers observe how long each group of rats struggles to free ⑦_____(they). His team also came up with the idea of using computers to quantify ⑧_____ calculate rats' movements. Researchers can decide whether each movement counts based on the numbers that the computer gives, ⑨_____(use) the weighing scale(体重计) to capture every single movement of a rat.
In the future, Ji wants to become a researcher. “I think the most fundamental way ⑩_____(help) is developing medicines, so that's the field I will be working on.” Ji added.
54、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A motto is a sentence or a phrase ①________ can inspire us especially when we are ②________(face) with difficulties. Many of us have our mottoes, such as "Where there is a will, there is a way." or "③_______(learn) is like sailing against the current; if you don't advance, you will retreat." and so on. My motto is "God helps those who help themselves." Sometimes I am lazy and don't want to make efforts ④_______(work) hard, ⑤_______ the moment I think of my motto I will get energetic again and devote myself ⑥_______what I am doing. I write my motto where I can see it ⑦______(easy). Every time I fail in my exam and begin to lose heart, the sight of my motto inspires me with much ⑧_______(confident). My motto also makes me become ⑨_______independent person.
My friends, what is your motto If you still haven't got a motto, please choose ⑩________because a motto can have a great effect on you.
五、七选五
55、True friends are hard to find. ①______. Only then will we have a valuable friendship.
②______Through good times or bad times, they will stand by your side. They will not leave you alone when things get difficult. They will accept you without trying to change you. They will bring new and exciting things into your life and make it richer.
True friends will keep your secrets as you will keep theirs. They will be honest and you can always believe in them. ③_____, you don't have to worry about what you may say wrong. We can enjoy this freedom only with friends.
Friendship is a two-way street. To find a true friend you must be a true friend as well. ④_____and share the good times with them. Offer them the same things they give to you. Friendship will fall apart quickly if only one person is giving and putting effort into it.
You will find that there is nothing more valuable than having a true friend by your side to share life with. Just as someone puts it "⑤______".
If you want to have some sincere friends, you must treat others sincerely. That is the best tips.
A. Be there for your friends when they are in need
B. We never make friends
C. We should find them by heart
D. Friends always argue with you
E. A true friend is someone who will always be there for you
F. If you talk to someone who you believe in
G. There is nothing on this earth more to be prized than true friendship
参考答案
1、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Neuroscientists (神经科学家) now know that brain maturation (成熟) occurs far later than previously thought.(神经科学家现在知道，大脑成熟的时间比以前认为的要晚得多。)”可知，大脑成熟的时间并不像以前想象的那么早。故选D。
2、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“ It’s a pity that Neuroscience won’t have much of an impact on politics although it is always correct.(虽然神经科学总是正确的，但遗憾的是它不会对政治产生太大的影响。)”以及最后一段“Even if I firmly believe legal decisions should refer to Neuroscience seriously and it’s a good idea to lower the drinking age and raise the driving age in the US(即使我坚信法律决定应该认真参考神经科学，在美国降低饮酒年龄和提高驾驶年龄是个好主意)”可知，作者认为神经科学给出的结论是正确的，只是它没有受到政治的关注，未对政治产生重大影响。由此推断作者对神经科学持有的是支持的态度。故选A。
3、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The Dutch, for example, allow children to drink alcohol at the age of 16 but not to drive until they are 19. (例如，荷兰允许16岁的孩子喝酒，但直到19岁才能开车。)”可知，荷兰是允许16岁的孩子喝酒的，但是19岁才能开车即19岁以下开车是违法的。故选A。
4、答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“Neuroscientists (神经科学家) now know that brain maturation (成熟) occurs far later than previously thought. (神经科学家现在知道，大脑成熟的时间比以前认为的要晚得多。)”；以及本段中“Should this new knowledge make us rethink where we draw legal boundaries between kids and adults (这一新知识是否会让我们重新思考孩子和成年人之间的法律界限？)”以及第二段中“Maybe. But it’s not as simple as it seems for two reasons.(也许吧。但事情并不像看上去那么简单，原因有二。)”可知，本文主要议论了神经科学家对人大脑的成熟有了新的认知，即大脑成熟的时间比以前认为的要晚一些，由此是否应该让我们重新思考孩子和成年人之间的法律界限，即神经科学的结论能否影响法律决定的制定，但实际而言事情看上去并不是那么简单，由此文章解释了两个原因，即对该问题进行了否定回答。故C选项“Should Neuroscience Affect Law Decisions (神经科学会影响法律决策吗？)”符合文章标题。故选C。
5、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，孩子们缺少辨别网络信息真伪的能力。
6、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。第四段作者所列方法的目的是减轻孩子心理负担，让他们大胆与父母沟通。
7、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段内容可以判断，标题全是大写字母且有错误的文章传达的往往是错误信息，网站地址结尾是“. co”的网络文章传达的也往往是错误信息。
8、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。通读全文可知，本文主要是写给父母阅读的。
9、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段关键句"A study group of 23 people were given the Affective Health prototype to use for a month. Importantly, the researchers purposely did not tell the participants what the devices were useful for."(一个由23人组成的研究小组使用了一个月的Affective Health原型机。重要的是，研究人员故意不告诉参与者这些设备的用途。)可知，研究人员没告诉参与者Affective Health原型机的用途，由此可知，参与者不知道原型机的具体用途。故选D。
10、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段关键句"But interestingly, few would use the technology for more than one purpose."(但有趣的是，很少有人会将该技术用于多个目的。)可知，研究人员发现，有趣的是，很少有人会将该技术用于多个目的，由此可知，研究人员感兴趣的是许多人认为该装置是一种单一用途的工具。故选C。
11、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容"Although the open design phase helped reveal several different practices Affective Health prototypes could be used for, the prototype lacked some of the functions needed to make it a good tool for a specific role—such as a sports training system, or as a stress management tool. The researchers found the need for a second, more tailored step in the design process to make devices specific to particular roles."(尽管开放设计阶段帮助揭示了Affective Health原型机可用于的几种不同实践，但该原型机缺乏某些功能，无法使其成为特定角色的良好工具，如运动训练系统或压力管理工具。研究人员发现，在设计过程中需要第二个更为定制的步骤，以使设备针对于特定角色。)可知，Affective Health原型机缺乏某些功能，无法成为特定角色的良好工具，需要进一步改进，以使设备针对于特定角色，由此可知，Affective Health原型机需要改进。故选D。
12、答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段关键句"An international team of researchers from Sweden and the UK have developed an innovative way of interpreting biological signals produced by our skin."(来自瑞典和英国的一个国际研究团队开发了一种解释我们皮肤产生的生物信号的创新方法。)可知，本文主要介绍了一个名为"Affective Health原型机"的新发明，可以解读我们皮肤产生的生物信号，可以用来观测我们的情绪变化，"Technologies Interpret Biodata from the Skin"意为"技术从皮肤解读生物数据"，选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选D。
13、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的""What's so innovative about that " a librarian in Toronto asked when I showed her pictures. Innovation to her meant digital technology, like 3D printers. "Why couldn't they both be innovative " I asked.("这有什么创新之处 "当我给多伦多的一位图书管理员看照片时，她问道。对她来说，创新意味着数字技术，比如3D打印机。"为什么它们不能都创新呢 "我问。)"可知，作者和这位图书管理员对创新的看法不一致，因此提到图书管理员的目的是为了提出论点，即到底什么是真正的创新，答案是To present an argument。故选D。
14、答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据第三段的"This mindset implies that if you just buy the new thing, you have innovated!(这种心态意味着，如果你只是买了新东西，你就已经创新了！)"可知，很多人认为如果买了新的东西，就意味着创新了，因此每年，企业和个人都试图为最新的时髦设备制定策略，因此划线词buzzword的意思是"时髦的"，即Fashionable。故选A。
15、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的"It is a continuing process of reflection and reassessment, which often means adopting "old" ideas and tools in a new context, or even returning to methods that worked in the past.(这是一个不断反思和重新评估的过程，这通常意味着在新的环境中采用"旧的"思想和工具，甚至回到过去有效的方法。)"可知，创新是要在新环境中用不断反思，用"旧的"思想和工具，也就是要以人为本。故选C。
16、答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段的"True innovation isn't just some magic devices. It is a continuing process of reflection and reassessment, which often means adopting "old" ideas and tools in a new context, or even returning to methods that worked in the past. Adjusted properly, these rearview(后视的) innovations have proved as transformative as novel technologies.(真正的创新不只是一些神奇的设备。这是一个不断反思和重新评估的过程，这通常意味着在新的环境中采用"旧的"思想和工具，甚至回到过去有效的方法。经过适当调整，这些后视镜创新被证明与新技术一样具有变革性。)"可知，本文讨论的是真正的创新。一些创新和创新想法是使用有效的旧思想和工具创造的。C选项"一些好的想法存在后视镜中"能够概括文章大意，且具有新颖性。故选C。
17、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。由第二段“Thus, I bought a tiny tracker made by a company called Tile, which attaches to her collar. It meant that even if I can't see her, I can pull out my phone and connect to Tile using Bluetooth. If the connection is made successfully, it means that she must be nearby.”（因此，我买了一个名为 Tile 的公司制造的微型追踪器，它附在她的衣领上。这意味着即使我看不到她，我也可以拿出手机并使用蓝牙连接到Tile。如果连接成功，则说明她一定在附近。）可知作者讲了一个小故事来说明作者对猫的喜爱，一刻都离不开，生怕丢了。故选C。
18、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由第四段“But Apple has added a twist:instead of just using your own iPhone to look for your own trackers, every iPhone in the world works together to find tracking tags”（但苹果增加了一个变化：不再只是用你自己的 iPhone 来寻找自己的追踪器，而是全世界的每一部 iPhone 一起寻找追踪器）可知，比起Tile来AirTag的优点是可以调动全世界的苹果手机共同追踪追踪器。故选D。
19、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。由第五段“Though Samsung has announced a similar tracking product that uses its phones, it won’t have the same reach as Apple’s network in the short term.”（尽管三星已经宣布了一款类似的使用其手机的跟踪产品，但短期内它的覆盖范围不会与苹果的网络相同）可知，苹果的竞争对手三星短期内无法超越苹果，故选A。
20、答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第六段“In the not-too-distant future, it’ll be the case that everything we buy of certain value that we might lose will have an AirTag built in. Your headphones, your fancy camera, your suitcase, and so on.”（在不远的将来，我们购买的具有一定价值但可能会丢失的所有东西都将内置一个AirTag。你的耳机、你的精美相机、你的手提箱等等。）可知，在不远的未开，任何贵重易丢失的东西都会连上追踪器。故“Lost and found”可以作为本文标题，吸引读者。故选B。
21、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"It will increase the electricity supply to Namibia, which imports 40 percent of power from neighboring South Africa. (这将增加对纳米比亚的电力供应，该国40%的电力从邻国南非进口。)"可知，纳米比亚的电力供应高度依赖于邻国。故选D。
22、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段"Hydrogen power is considered clean when it is made with reproducible power. (当使用可再生能源时，氢能源被认为是清洁的。)"可推断，氢能是环保的。故选A。
23、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段"European nations are trying to reduce their dependence on Russian energy. (欧洲国家正在努力减少对俄罗斯能源的依赖。)"可知，欧洲国家支持纳米比亚的氢能工业，因为可以减少从俄罗斯进口电力。故选D。
24、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"Obeth Kandjoze, director-general of Namibia's National Planning Commission said EU financial support was likely to be limited, but a financial deal could bring in other investors. (纳米比亚国家计划委员会总干事奥贝斯 坎乔泽表示，欧盟的财政支持可能有限，但金融交易可能会吸引其他投资者。)"可推断，纳米比亚的氢项目可能会吸引更多的投资。故选C。
25、答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据上文"Neo is connected to the robot doing the operation. When the robot touches something(Neo被连接到操作手术的机器人上。当机器人碰某个东西的时候)"以及下文"the touch on the doctor's head(医生头上的触感)"可知，当机器人触碰某个东西时，Neo会模仿医生头上的触感。即划线词的意思是：模仿。故选C。
26、答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第四段"But scientists have even bigger dreams. They are trying to make robots that can feel for themselves just like humans.( 但是科学家们还有更大的梦想，他们想让机器人变得能够像人类一样有自己的感受)"，可知，第四段主要讲的是机器人能够像人类一样有自己的感受。故选B。
27、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段"These sensors are at the end of the robots' hands. Messages will be sent to the robots' "brains"(这些传感器在机器人的指尖，通过它们能够把信息传递到机器人的大脑中) "可知，传感器可以帮助机器人传送信息。故选D。
28、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"Can we imagine humans will no longer be the masters (主人)of the world because robots are just as smart as we are in 500 years (你能想象500年后，机器人将变得跟人类一样聪明，人类不再是这个世界的主人吗？)"可知，对于机器人将替代人类成为世界的主人这个看法，作者表现出的是惊讶。故选A 。
29、答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。根据第一段"The older you get, the more difficult it is to learn a new language. But no one knows exactly what the cutoff point is—at what age it becomes harder.(你的年龄越大，学习一门新语言就越困难。但没有人确切地知道截止点是什么，在什么年龄会变得更难)"可知，这是人们面临的问题，所以研究人员想要解决的问题是在什么时期人们可以学好一门新的语言。故选D。
30、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段"At 18, kids typically graduate from high school and start college or enter the work force full-time. Once they do, they may no longer have the time, opportunity to study a second language.(18岁时，孩子们通常从高中毕业，开始上大学或全职工作。一旦他们开始上大学或者工作，他们可能就没有时间和机会学习第二语言了)"可知，人们在18岁时会开始上大学或者开始工作，所以没有了学习第二语言的时间和机会，即他们没有了学习第二语言的好的学习环境。故选A。
31、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段"In one of the largest studies, researchers from Boston-based universities found that children are good at learning a second language up until the age of 18, about 10 years later than earlier thought. But the study also showed that it is best to start by age 10 if you want to achieve the grammatical fluency of a native speaker.(在规模最大的研究之一中，波士顿大学的研究人员发现，孩子们在18岁之前都很擅长学习第二语言，这比之前想象的要晚10年左右。但研究还表明，如果你想达到母语者的语法流利程度，最好从10岁开始)"以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员发现学习第二语言与年龄之间的关系，18岁时语言学习能力下降，如果想达到母语者的语法流利程度，最好从10岁开始学习，所以作者写本篇文章是为了解释这一发现。故选A。
32、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容"Once I arrived at a place at midnight and the bank at the airport was closed. The only way to get to my hotel was by taxi and because I had no dollars, I offered to pay in pounds instead. 'Listen! I only take real money!' the driver said angrily.(有一次我在午夜到达一个地方，机场的银行关门了。我去酒店的唯一办法是乘出租车，因为我身上没有美元，所以我提出用英镑支付。"听着!我只收真钱!"司机生气地说。)"可知，作者到达目的地机场后，没能进行货币兑换，司机无法接受英镑支付。因此可知，作者不能给"真钱"，即，当地的钱，使司机生气。故选B。
33、答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据前文"The only way to get to my hotel was by taxi and because I had no dollars, I offered to pay in pounds instead. 'Listen! I only take real money!' the driver said angrily. Luckily I was able to borrow a few dollars from a clerk at the hotel…(我去酒店的唯一办法是乘出租车，因为我身上没有美元，所以我提出用英镑支付。"听!"我只收真钱!司机生气地说。幸运的是，我从旅馆的一个职员那里借到了几美元……)"可知，作者用英镑支付，出租车司机却不接受，只好向酒店的职员借钱支付车费，由此可推知"but it was embarrassing"讲述作者的处境很尴尬，因此，"embarrassing"应是"尴尬的"含义，与选项A"awkward(令人尴尬的，使人难堪的)"表达含义一致。故选A。
34、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章末尾段内容"The third and last rule is to find out as much as you can about the weather at your destination before you leave.(第三条也是最后一条规则是在出发前尽可能多地了解目的地的天气情况。)"可知，应该尽可能多的了解目的地的天气情况。C项"You should know more about the weather of the place you'll visit.(你应该多了解一下你要去的地方的天气。)"表述正确。故选C。
35、答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。文章首段内容"If you're planning on travelling, there are a few simple rules about how to make life easier both before and after your journey.(如果你正在计划旅行，有一些简单的规则可以让你在旅行前后的生活更轻松。)"揭示了文章主旨，即，作者想要通过自己的亲身经历介绍了一些使旅行更加轻松的简单规则。故选B。
36、答案：
Dear Tom,
I’m terribly sorry that I can’t accompany you to Jingzhou Fantawild to admire the fireworks and experience the Torch Festival this weekend. I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble.
Recently I have had a high fever and have to stay at home for a few days in case it becomes worse. Were it not for the illness, I would definitely spend much fun time with you. Please accept my sincere apology. I would appreciate it if you could allow me to fix another time to show you around Fantawild.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：本文是一篇应用文写作。要求考生给外籍教师Tom写一封电子邮件解释，你因故不能在本周末去方特乐园赏烟花、过火把节。
1. 词汇积累
非常地：terribly→extremely
欣赏：admire→appreciate
造成：cause→lead to
真诚的：sincere→honest
2. 句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：Recently I have had a high fever and have to stay at home for a few days in case it becomes worse.
拓展句：Recently I have had a high fever, which makes me have to stay at home for a few days in case it becomes worse.
[高分句型1]Were it not for the illness, I would definitely spend much fun time with you. Please accept my sincere apology.(省略if的虚拟语气)
[高分句型2]I would appreciate it if you could allow me to fix another time to show you around Fantawild.(if引导的条件状语从句)
37、答案：Dear Harry,
Hearing that you are looking for a part-time English commentator, I am writing to apply for the position.
First of all, having studied English for about ten years, I have a good command of English and I can communicate with foreigners in English fluently. Secondly, since I grew up here, I am quite familiar with the history and traditions of our cities, as well as our school. Furthermore, as a kind and brave and outgoing girl, I can get along well with different people. I am sure foreigners will be satisfied with my thoughtful and excellent service.
I would deeply appreciate it if you could give me the precious chance to serve as a commentator. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：这是一篇应用文。文章要求考生向负责给校史馆招募英文讲解员的负责人Harry老师写一封申请信，自荐自己说明自己的优势。
1. 词汇积累
寻找：look for → search for
擅长：have a good command of → be expert at
流利地，熟练地：fluently → skillfully
与……相处好：get along well with → get on well with
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：First of all, having studied English for about ten years, I have a good command of English and I can communicate with foreigners in English fluently.
拓展句：First of all, as I have studied English for about ten years, I am expert at English and I can communicate with foreigners in English fluently.
【高分句型1】
First of all, having studied English for about ten years, I have a good command of English and I can communicate with foreigners in English fluently. (运用了现在分词作状语)
【高分句型2】
I am sure foreigners will be satisfied with my thoughtful and excellent service. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)
38、答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。hospital医院; factory工厂;church教堂;government政府。句意:他无家可归,每天都去当地的教堂。分析句意,根据后文"Although the church never let him in"可知,此处表示他每天都去教堂。故选B项。
39、答案：D
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。free免费的; broken破碎的; closed关着的; open敞开的。句意:虽然教堂从来不让他进来,但他们让一扇窗户开着,好让他能听弥撒。分析句意,根据后面提到的"好让他能听弥撒"可知,此处表示将窗户打开。故选D项。
40、答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。hope希望;desire欲望;ambition野心;attitude态度。句意:这给了他希望和安慰。分析句意,根据"and comfort"可知,此处应是教堂的弥撒给了他希望和安慰。故选A项。
41、答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。expected期望;knew知道;forgot忘记;blessed祝福。句意:在那些时候,他的眼睛会亮起来,几乎忘记了他所经历的一切。分析句意,根据前文"他的眼睛会亮起来"可知,他在那个时刻忘记了自己所经历的痛苦。故选C项。
42、答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。homeless无家可归的;hopeless绝望的;careless粗心的;selfless自私的。句意:每年冬天,我都会为他和其他无家可归的人感到紧张。分析句意,根据前文可知,作者的朋友无家可归。此处用and并列,因此文中"其他人"和作者朋友的身份一样,都是无家可归之人。故选A项。
43、答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。enough充足;storage储存;donation捐款;lack缺乏。句意:我觉得这还不够。分析句意,根据后文"No matter how many blankets I buy, it will never be enough"可知,此处表示作者带去的毯子和手套不够。故选A项。
44、答案：B
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。best最好;worst最糟糕;least最小的;most大部分。句意:今年冬天是最糟糕的。分析句意,根据后文"One night, concerned about our friend, I headed out with warm food and extra blankets"可知,今年的冬天最糟糕。故选B项。
45、答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。apartment公寓;workplace工作场所;tent帐篷;yard院子。句意:我找到了我们朋友的帐篷,但没有听到一点声音。分析句意,根据后文"opened the tent"可知,作者找到了他朋友住的帐篷。故选C项。
46、答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。moved感动;excited激动;frightened害怕;tired疲倦句意:我很担心,打开帐篷,被眼前的景象感动了。分析句意,根据后文可知,作者的朋友也是无家可归之人,但却把所有的毯子都盖在他身上给他保暖。因此当作者看到这一幕是深受"感动"。故选A项。
47、答案：B
解析：考查副词及语境理解。impatiently不耐烦地;freely自由地;nervously紧张地;soundly酣畅地。句意:另一位刚到镇上来的老先生,在一堆毯子下面睡得正香。分析句意,前文提到了帐篷后发现里头没有声音。另外根据后文作者的朋友把所有的毯子都盖在它身上给它保暖可知,此处表示这位老先生在一堆毯子下睡的酣畅淋漓。故选B项。
48、答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。chained束缚;covered覆盖;approached接近;pressed留下印象。句意:我们的朋友把所有的毯子都盖在他身上让他暖和。分析句子,根据后文提到" Our friend sacrificed himself so another fellow human could 13 a cold night"可知,此处表示作者的朋友把自己的所以被子都给那个老人盖上。故选B项。
49、答案：D
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。inspired品质优秀的;quiet安静的;awake醒着的;warm温暖的。句意:我们的朋友把所有的毯子都盖在他身上让他暖和。分析句意,根据前句提到作者朋友把所以毯子都给老人盖上。此处表示目的是为了让他温暖。故选D项。
50、答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。experience经历;survive幸存,活下来;waste浪费;celebrate庆祝。句意:我们的朋友牺牲了自己,让另一个人能熬过—个寒冷的夜晚。分析句意,根据前文可知,这位老人也是一个无家可归之人。在寒冷的冬夜,在我的朋友的帮助下,他能熬过寒冷的冬夜。故选B项。
51、答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。attended参加;formed形成;left离开;missed错过。句意:唯一参加的人是我们镇上为数不多的无家可归的人、我的丈夫、我的狗和我。分析句意,根据前文提及作者的朋友过世了可知,此处应表示"参加"葬礼的人只有为数不多的无家可归的人我的丈夫、我的狗和我。故选A项.
52、答案：C
解析：考查代词及语境理解。nothing没有什么;anything任何东西;something某事,某物;everything每件事情。句意:不管我买多少毯子,都是不够的,但这确实很重要。分析句意,根据后文"The whole society should make efforts"可知,虽然我买多少毯子都不够,但确实很重要的。整个社会都应努力。同时此处和前句构成前后转折。Be something译为"了不起,很重要",此处是固定短语。故选C项。
53、答案：①which②has been/is③on/upon④Normally⑤are divided⑥tails⑦themselves⑧and⑨using⑩to help
解析：①考查定语从句。句意:他的团队项目在2022年大脑挑战赛中获得一等奖,这是由Brain Bee为青年学生举办的,今年是自20200年以来的第三年比赛。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the 2022 Brain Challenge,先行词在从句中作主语。故填which。
②考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:他的团队项目在2022年大脑挑战赛中获得一等奖,这是由Brain Bee为青年学生举办的,今年是自20200年以来的第三年比赛。根据时间状语since 2020可知,此处使用现在完成时,主语this year为第三人称单数,谓语动词使用has been;或可以认为此句是对于客观事实的陈述,用一般现在时,应填is。故填has been/ is。
③考查介词。句意:他们专注于创新悬尾实验。focused on/upon为固定短语,意为"专注于"。故填on/upon。
④考查副词。句意:在悬尾实验中正常情况下,患有抑郁症的老鼠被分为两组,其中只有一组注射了新的疗效即将被测试的抗抑郁药物。空格处修饰整个句子,需用副词形式,位于句首首字母大写。故填Normally。
⑤考查动词时态和语态。句意:在悬尾实验中正常情况下,患有抑郁症的老鼠被分为两组,其中只有一组注射了新的疗效即将被测试的抗抑郁药物。空格处在句中作谓语动词,主语rats是复数名词且和divide之间是被动关系,此句陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are divided。
⑥考查名词的数。句意:句意:这两组老鼠被用他们的尾巴悬挂起来。根据空格前的their可知,空格处应填名词,tail为可数名词,应用复数形式。故填tails。
⑦考查代词。句意:研究人员观察每组老鼠挣脱的时间。空格处在句中作free的宾语,宾语和主语所指相同,故宾语用反身代词。故填themselves。
⑧考查连词。句意:他的团队还提出了使用计算机进行限定和测量老鼠的运动。根据句意可知,quantify和calculate是并列关系,和前面的不定式符号to构成了不定式作目的状语,故填and。
⑨考查现在分词。句意:研究者可以根据计算机算出的数字来决定每个动作是否算数,使用体重计捕捉老鼠的每个动作。分析句子结构可知,counts on为谓语动词,空格处应填非谓语动词作伴随状语,Researchers和use之间为主谓关系,需用现在分词形式。故填using。
⑩考查不定式。句意:季补充说:“我认为最基本帮助的方式就是研发药物,所以这将是我从事的领域。”分析句子结构可知,is为系动词,空格处应填非谓语动词作定语,way后通常用不定式作定语。故填to help。
54、答案：which/that；faced ；Learning ；to work ；but ； to ；easily ；confidence ；an ；one
解析：这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，文章主要讲的是座右铭对于作者的重大影响。
①考查定语从句。句意：座右铭是一个句子或短语，可以激励我们，特别是当我们面临困难的时候。此处为定语从从句，先行词为a sentence or a phrase，指物，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。
②考查固定搭配。句意：座右铭是一个句子或短语，可以激励我们，特别是当我们面临困难的时候。短语be faced with…意为"面临……"，固定搭配。故填faced。
③考查动名词。句意：我们许多人都有自己的座右铭，比如"有志者事竟成。"或"学习就像逆水行舟；不进则退。"等等。结合句意空处应填动名词形式，作主语，表示习惯性、经常性的动作，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Learning。
④考查不定式。句意：有时我很懒，不想努力工作，但一想到我的座右铭，我就会再次充满活力，全身心地投入到我正在做的事情中。结合句意空处应填不定式的形式to work，make efforts to do sth.意为"努力做某事"，固定搭配，不定式作目的状语。故填to work。
⑤考查连词。句意：有时我很懒，不想努力工作，但一想到我的座右铭，我就会再次充满活力，全身心地投入到我正在做的事情中。空前后语意是转折关系，应用表示转折关系的并列连词but。故填but。
⑥考查介词。句意：有时我很懒，不想努力工作，但一想到我的座右铭，我就会再次充满活力，全身心地投入到我正在做的事情中。结合句意及空前的devote myself可知应填介词to，devote oneself to...意为"全身心投入到……中"，固定搭配。故填to。
⑦考查副词。句意：我把我的座右铭写在容易看到的地方。结合句意空处应填副词形式easily，作状语，修饰动词see。故填easily。
⑧考查名词。句意：每当我考试失败，开始失去信心时，看到我的座右铭使我充满信心。结合句意及空前的with much，可知应填名词形式confidence，作宾语，为不可数名词。故填confidence。
⑨考查冠词。句意：我的座右铭也使我成为一个独立的人。表示"一个独立的人"应用不定冠词，表泛指，形容词independent首字母发音为元音音素，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
⑩考查指示代词。句意：如果你还没有座右铭，请选择一个，因为座右铭对你有很大的影响。结合句意此处表示众多座右铭中的任何一个，为泛指概念，应用指示代词one，相当于a motto。故填one。
55、答案：①-⑤ CEFAG
解析：这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了真朋友的意义。
①上文"True friends are hard to find."(真正的朋友很难找。)提到找到真正的朋友很难。下文"Only then will we have a valuable friendship."(只有这样，我们才能拥有宝贵的友谊。)承接空处，讲述了这样就有了真正的友谊。所以空处应说明具体找到真朋友的方式。选项C."我们应该用心去找"，指出了用心找朋友是找到真朋友的方式，与下文逻辑相符。故选C。
②下文"Through good times or bad times, they will stand by your side. They will not leave you alone when things get difficult. They will accept you without trying to change you. They will bring new and exciting things into your life and make it richer."(无论顺境逆境，他们都会站在你身边。当事情变得困难时，他们不会独自留下你。他们会接受你，而不是试图改变你。他们会给你的生活带来新的、令人兴奋的东西，让你的生活更加丰富多彩。)讲述了真朋友不在乎你的境况，总会站在你身边。因而作为本段的主题句，可以描述什么是真朋友。选项E."真正的朋友是一个永远在你身边的人。"语义符合。故选E。
③上文"True friends will keep your secrets as you will keep theirs. "(真正的朋友会保守你的秘密，就像你保守他们的秘密一样。)讲述了真朋友会保守你的秘密，这样会给你安全感。因而，空处可以承接前文，讲述你和你信任的人讲话，就不用担心。选项F."如果你和你信任的人说话"，与下文"you don't have to worry about what you may say wrong. "(你不必担心你会说错什么。)在意义上逻辑相符。故选F。
④上文"Friendship is a two-way street. To find a true friend you must be a true friend as well. "(友谊是一条双行道。要找到一个真正的朋友，你也必须是一个真正的朋友。)讲述要找到真朋友，你必须也是一个真正的朋友。所以空处承接前文，讲述真正的朋友要做什么。选项A."当你的朋友需要帮助的时候陪在他们身边"，论述了真朋友要在朋友需要时陪在他们身边，符合题意。故选A。
⑤上文"You will find that there is nothing more valuable than having a true friend by your side to share life with. Just as someone puts it"(你会发现没有什么比拥有一个真正的朋友在你身边分享生活更有价值的了。就像有人说的那样)可知，空处是对本段内容的总结，讲述真正的朋友是最有价值的，是值得珍视的。选项G."世界上没有什么比真正的友谊更值得珍视了"，符合题意。故选G。