Unit 8 From hobby to career 同步学案

Unit 8 From hobby to career 同步学案
一、when引导的时间状语从句
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )I.构成
When（当...的时候），可将两个分句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )连接在一个句子中，表示同时发生的两件事。When引导的分句被称为“时间状语从句”，时间状语从句有两部分组成：
Part AWhen I went out, Part Bit started to rain.
A部分为时间状语从句，B部分为主句。从句可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后。当从句置于主句前时，从句应加逗号（，）。
When I went out, it started to rain.我出去的时候，天下起了雨。
It started to rain when I went out.我出去的时候，天下起了雨。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )II.用法
注意主句和从句时态上的一致性：
Mandy usually talks t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o her friends when she is on her way to school.曼迪上学的路上通常会和朋友聊天。
When I went out, it started to rain.我出去的时候，天下起了雨。
When引导的时间状语从句+祈使句：表示请求或申明规则。
When you see Jane, give her my regards.你见到简的时候，请替我问候她。
When there is a fire, do not use the lift.遇到火宅时，请勿使用电梯。
当描述将来发生的动作时，主句使用一般将来时，when引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时（类似if）
Barbara will be in Mexico when Jill is in New York.吉尔在纽约的时候，芭芭拉会在墨西哥。
When I get home this ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )evening, I’m going to have a shower immediately.我今晚到家就会马上洗澡。
I can’t talk ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to you now. I will talk to you later when I have time.我现在不能和你聊天。等我有时间了再跟你聊。
【比较】
I will talk to you if I have time.如果我有时间，我会跟你说话。
常用句式
1）Sb. be doing+ whe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n表示“正在做某事...突然...”
I was doing my homework when the light went out.我正在写作业突然停电了。
We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会，这时有个人闯进来。
2）Sb. be about t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o do sth./going to do sth./on the point of doing sth.+ when表示“正要做某事...突然...”
I was about to go out when the telephone rang.我正外出电话就响了。
We were going to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )leave, when it suddenly began to rain.我们正准备出发，这时突然下起雨来了。
We were at the point o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f leaving, when it suddenly began to rain.我们正准备出发，这时突然下起雨来了。
3) Sb. had (just) done +when表示“刚做完某事...突然...”
I had just entered the house when it began to rain.我刚进门就下雨了。
I had just ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rived home when my friend dropped in on me.我刚到家，朋友就来拜访我家了。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )III. when、 as、 while比较
when引导时间状语从句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )时表示“当……的时候”， when既可以指时间段也可指时间点， 从句中既可用延续性动词又可用非延续性动词， 且动作既可和主句的动作同时发生又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生：
I’ll call you when I get there. 我一到那里就给你打电话。
When the wind blows, all the doors rattle. 只要风一吹， 这门就吱嘎作响。
He stopped trying, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )when he might have succeeded next time. 他不再试了， 其实他可能下一次就成功。
When I came home my wife was cooking dinner. 我回家时， 妻子在做晚饭。
while引导时间状语从句时表示“当… ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )…的时候”， 它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时持续地进行，用于这一用法时while引导的时间状语从句和主句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词， 或者主句的动作发生在从句动作的进行过程中， 主句中的谓语动词通常是非延续性动词：
Study while you study; play while you play. 该学习的时候就学习， 该玩的时候就玩。
I met her while I was at school. 当我在学校的时候我遇见了她。
as引导时间状语从句时表示“当…… ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )时， 一边……一边……”， 侧重表示两个动作同时发生(包括一个主语同时进行两个动作)， 或者一种动作随着另一种动作的变化而变化：
He jumps as he goes along.他边走边跳。
I slipped on the ice as I ran home. 我跑回家时在冰上滑了一跤。
I saw him as he was getting off the bus. 正当他下公共汽车时, 我看见了他。
As the wind rose the noise increased.刮风的时候噪声增大。
二、used to+do
used to do sth.意思是“过去常常做某事”，表示过去经常做或一直做而现在不做，它只用于过去时态。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )(一)肯定句式：
主语+used to+动词原形……
I used to go to the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cinema,but I never have time now.我过去经常去看电影，但现在没有时间了。
He used to listen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to pop music but now he likes rock music.他过去总听流行音乐，但现在喜欢摇滚了。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )(二)否定句式：
1)主语+did not use to+动词原形……
2)主语+used not to+动词原形……
【注解：】第一种否定句型，就是把use ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d当做实义动词来看，所以变否定句要用助动词did;第二种否定句是把used当做情态动词，变否定句直接在used后面加not即可，used not可以缩写成usedn't或usen't。
美式英语通常用A种形式，英式英语常用B种形式。
You didn't use to drink.你过去不喝酒。
The shop usedn't to open on Sundays. 过去这家商店星期天不营业。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )(三)一般疑问句式：
1)Did+主语+use to+动词原形…… --Yes, sb did./ No, sb didn’t.
2)Used+主语+to+动词原形…… --Yes, sb used to./No, sb usedn’t.
美式英语通常用A种形式，英式英语用B种形式。例如：
Did you use to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )go swimming in the river when you were young 你小时候经常在河里游泳吗
Used he go to school by bike 他过去骑车上学吗
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )(四)used to用于省略句时，肯定式保留to，否定式不保留to：
——Used you play basketball ——你过去常打篮球吗
——Yes, I used to.(No,I usedn't.)——是的，经常打。(不，不常打。)
I don't write to him now, but I used to.我现在不给他写信了，但过去经常写。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )(五)区分（常考点）
Be/get used to sth. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) / doing sth.意为"习惯、适应某事/做某事"，它表示习惯于某一客观事实或状态，其中to是介词，后面跟名词、代词或动名词；　Old people are used to getting up early in the morning.老年人习惯早晨很早起床。
　　I wasn't used to city life, but now I have got used to living in this city.
我以前不习惯都市生活，但现在我已习惯住在这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )座城市了。
2. be used to do sth.意为"被用来做某事"，其中use表"使用"之意，是被动语态形式，to是动词不定式符号。
　　Wood can be used to make paper.树木可以用来造纸。
be used for sth./doing sth
The colorf ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ul papers are used for decoration./decorating the room.这些彩纸用于装饰/装饰房间。
【例题】People___ think that the sun went round the earth.
　　A. would B. are used to C. used to D. are used
一、【时间状语从句专练】
1、 I had just steep ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel ____ I heard the steps.
A. while B. when C. since D. after
2、He was about half ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )way through his meal ____ a familiar voice came to his ears.
A. why B. where C. when D. while
3、We were swimming in the lake ____ suddenly the storm started.
A. when B. while C. until D. before
4、 — I’m going to the post office.
— ____ you’re there, can you get me some stamps
A. As B. While C. Because D. If
5、____ the days went on, the weather got worse.
A. With B. Since C. While D. As
6、Tom ____ into the house when no one ____.
A. slipped; was looking B. had slipped; looked
C. slipped; had looked D. was slipping; looked
7、I ____ along the s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )treet looking for a place to park when the accident ____.
A. went; was occurring B. went; occurred
C. was going; occurred D. was going; had occurred
Keys：1-5BCABD 6-7AC
二、【used to专练】
I. 选择最佳答案。
1. Sally ______ shy, b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut now she is quite outgoing. She has made lots of friends.
A. was used to be B. is used to be
C. was used to being D. used to be
2. —Excuse me, does Jim live here
—He ______ live here, but he has moved.
A. used for B. used to
C. was used to D. got used to
3. Jack ______ help Mary with her lessons.
A. used to B. use to
C. uses to D. is used to
4. I ______ get up early and take an hour’s walk before breakfast.
A. use to B. uses to
C. is used to D. used to
5. Sunglasses are used ______ protecting your eyes in sunny days.
A. for B. to
C. with D. In
II. 按要求进行句型转换。每空一词。
1. My brother used to play football after school. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
______ your brother ______ ______ ______ football after school No,
he ______.
2. His brother used to be a quiet boy. (改为否定句)
His brother ______ ______ ______ ______ a quiet boy.
3. There used to b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e an old hospital behind our school, ______ ______ (完成反意疑问句)
4. I used to see my aunt once a month. (就划线部分提问)
______ ______ ______ you ______ ______ see your aunt
5. Mary used to stand at the window and wave goodbye. (改为一般疑问句)
______ Mary ______ ______ stand at the window and wave goodbye
III. 根据汉语提示，完成下列句子。每空一词。
1. He ______ ______ ______ (以前是) a history teacher in our school.
2. There ______ ______ ______ (以前有) an old temple near the village.
3. She ______ ______ ______ ______(习惯于散步) after supper.
4. Wood ______ ______ ______ ______(被用来制造) paper.
5. Mrs Black ______ ______ ______
______ (已习惯于) eating with chopsticks.