Unit6 Electricity 导学案
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Unit6 Electricity 导学案
一、情态动词的定义
情态动词是一类用于表示说话人的语气和情态的助动词。常表示命令、请求、拒绝、义务、可能、需要等。
二、情态动词的特点
1. 情态动词无人称和数的变化,
2. 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 "not"。
3. 个别情态动词有过去式, 过去式用来表达更客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在。
三、情态动词的用法
1. can/could； can’t/couldn’t (否定)
1) 表示能力, 意为“能、会”, 例如：
I can speak a little English. -- Can you ride a bike
I can’t swim. -- Yes, I can. / No, I can’t.
2) 表示请求或允许，多用于口语中，意为“可以、能”等
You can go home now. 现在你可以回家了 -- Can I borrow your bike
You can’t stop you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r car here. -- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.
3) 用于否定句、疑问句中，表示猜测、怀疑或不肯定.
Lucy can’t be at home now, she went to the park just now.
Where can it be I can’t find my football.
【注意：】
1）. could 是can的过去式, 有 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )两种用法, 一种表示过去式；一种用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在。
2）. be able to 意为“有能力，能够做...”, 相当于can/could, 但它有人称，数和时态的变化。
2. may; may not (否定)
1) 表示“请求，许可”，此时与 can 同义，可以互换使用
May I borrow your bike Can I borrow your bike
Yes, you may. / No, you may not. Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.
2) may/might表示不太肯定的猜测，意为“有可能”
Lucy may come to school late today.
It might rain today.
【注意】：might 是may 的过去式, 有两种用法, 一种表示过去式，一种表示更加委婉, 客气的语气或对可能性的怀疑。
3. must; mustn’t (否定)
1) must(“必须”, 表示命令)，mustn’t(“一定不能”, 表示强烈禁止...)
You must go to bed before 22:00pm.
You mustn’t play with fire. It’s dangerous!
--Must I write down the sentences？
--No，you needn’t. (--No,you don’t have to)
注意：在回答must的疑问句中，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to表示“不必”，不用mustn’t
2) must 还可以表示非常肯定的猜测，意为“一定”
The girl in a red skirt must be Lucy.
3) must/ have to 的区别：
①. must表示必须，强调主观上的愿望；have to表示“不得不”，强调客观需要
You must go be bed before 22:00pm.
My bike is broken, so I have to go to school on foot.
②. have to 有人称、数、时态的变化；must则没有。
I have to clean the classroom today.
She has to finish her homework first.
It was late, he had to go to school without breakfast.
【习题】
1. --Must I finish the work today
--No,you . You can finish it tomorrow.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
2. -- I swim ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )here --I’m sorry. Children swim alone here.
A. Must can’t B. May must C. Can mustn’t D. Can’t can
3. --Meng Fei ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) broke his arm while recording If You Are The One in Beijing.
--Really Then perhaps he host TV programmes for some time.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D.can’t
4. --What do you wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nt to eat for lunch I will prepare earlier today.
--Honey, you . Let’s go out to have something different.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D.don’t have to
5. Thomas, please be quiet. The others hear very well.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D.needn’t
6. --You see, a man is cutting a tree on the Moon.
--It be true. The teacher says there is no air on the moon.
A. can’t B.may not C. shouldn’t D.mustn’t
7. --Can I go fishing with you,Dad
--No, you . You stay at home and do your homework first.
A. won’t may B. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) can’t must C. shouldn’t ought D. needn’t should
8. Anna hasn’t come to school today. I think she be ill.
A. can B.has to C. may D.should
9. --Fifty dollars for such a T-shirt! You be joking!
--I’m serous. It’s made of silk.
A. must B.need C. may D.can
10. _ _____I go and apologize to my teacher for my mistake
A. Should B.Need C.Can D. May
11. May I stop my car here,sir --No,you_____.
A.may not B.mustn’t C.can’t D.needn’t
12. _____I change the bulb(灯泡) now
--No,you may not. You_____switch off the electricity.
A.Can;need B.May;must C.Must;must D.Can;must
13. John____ come to s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ee us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.
A.may B.can C.has to D.must
14. My mother is ill.So I _____to look after my little brother.
A.must B.may C.have to D.should
15. I’m afraid it _____rain tonight.
A.can B.could C.may be D.might
句型
I’m going to buy a packet of sweets.
a packet of 一袋。其后可接可数名词复数或不可数名词用来表示数量。
不可数名词没有复数形式，在表示数量时，常用“a+单位量词+of+不可数名词”结构。
a+单位量词+of+不可数名词
a piece of me ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at; a piece of paper; a glass of apple juice; a bag of milk
a +单位量词+of+可数名词复数
a basket of eggs; a bag of apples
数词+单位量词+of+不可数名词
two glasses of water; three cups of tea
数词+单位量词+of+可数名词复数
two packets of sweets ; three bags of pencils
It is like water, in a way…
it a way 在某种程度上
In a way, you are right. 在某种程度上,你是对的.
与way的相关短语:
In the way 妨碍;挡道
His hobby sometimes gets in the way of his studies. 有时他的爱好妨碍了他的学业.
on the way 在途中;在路中
He is on the way to school now. 他现在在上学的途中.
by the way 顺便问一下
By the way, who is Tom 顺便问一下,谁是汤姆
all the way 一直
He studies hare all the way. 他学习一直很努力.
Electricity comes into our flat through thin wires. 电通过细电线进入我们的公寓.
come into 进入……之内
Water comes into our houses through pipes.
These are connected to cables under the street…
connect 连接… 常用结构: be connected to sth. 连接到…… ;
connect sth. to/with… 把…和…连接起来.
Turn on your computer and connect it to the Internet.
The railway line connects Wuhan to Shanghai.
A moment later, Daisy came back.
(1)moment 可数名词,意为”瞬间;片刻”
I’d like to talk to you for a moment.
与moment相关的短语:
a moment ago 刚刚;刚才
He was here a moment ago.
at the moment 现在;此刻
He is at home at the moment.
wait a moment 等一会儿
Wait a moment, please.
later 副词,意为”后来;以后”
Batteries provide toy cars with…
provide sb. with sth. 供应给某人某物
The sun provides us with light and heat.
“为某人提供某物”还可以用 provide sth. for sb.
...speak as many languages as Lo. … 说和Lo一样多的语言.
“as many + 复数名词+as ” 意为”和……一样多的…”
I have as many books as you. 我和你有一样多的书.
“as much +不可数名词+as” 意为”和…一样多的…”
My brother drinks as much milk as I every day.
share cups with others 与别人合用杯子
share sth. with sb. 与某人合用/分享某物
Lucy shares a bedroom with Lily. 露西和莉莉合用一间卧室.
Keep the outside of the pot dry. 让锅的外表保持干燥。
(1 )“keep + sb. / sth. + 形容词” 意为“让某人/某物保持某种状态”。
(2) keep doing sth. 连续不断地做某事，一直做。强调不断重复的动作。
Li Lei keeps buying books about cars. 李雷不断地买有关车的书。
(3) keep sb./ sth. doing sth. 让某人不断地做某事
(4) keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
We must keep them from getting to know our plans. 我们必须防止他们知道我们的计划。
…because it might start a fire. ……因为它可能会引起火灾。
might 情态动词，意为“可能，也许”。
I’m afraid it might rain today. 恐怕今天会下雨。
Stand at least one metre away from the microwave when it is on.
at least 至少
A child must sleep at least eight hours a day.
与least有关的短语：
not in the least 一点也不
He is not in the least worried about his future.他一点也不担心他的未来。
(2) least of all 最不……的
Nobody cared, least of all my little sister. 没有人在意，更不用说我的小妹妹了。
…make sure it is microwave safe. ……确保它适用于微波炉。
Make sure 务必，确信
一、单选
1. Mum makes me eat an apple every day ______ the doctor away.
A.keeps B. is kept C. to keep D. kept
2. Farmers have become ______ in our hometown in recent years.
A.more and m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ore rich B. richer and richer C. more rich and more rich
3. With the help of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the new technology, you _____ e-mail your friends by mobile phone.
A.can B. must C. need D. should
4. ----_______ I sw ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )im here ----I’m sorry. Children _____ swim alone here.
A.Must; can’t B. May; must C. Can; mustn’t D. Can’t; can
5. You _____ jump ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) onto a bus while it is still moving. It is too dangerous.
A.can B. must C. can’t D. mustn’t
6. ---Can he speak English
7. ----________.
A.Yes, he does B.Yes,he did C. Yes, he can D.Yes, he must
8. _______ call me Mimi! It’s my cat’s name.
A.Not B. Doesn’t C. Don’t D. Be not
9. Look, the dining hall is right on ______ side of the street.
A.another B. other C. the another D. the other
10. ---What can I do for you ---I’d like two _______.
A.packet of tea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. packets of apple C. packets of tea D. packet of apples
11. It’s too late. It’s time to go to bed. Lily, ______ the TV.
A.switch on B. switch off C. turn up D. close
12. The computer is connected _______ a machine.
A.at B. to C. on D. in
13. I asked him twice. But he didn’t ______ my questions.
A.answers B. answer to C. reply D. reply to
14. I washed a lot of clothes. Who can _______
A.tidy up them B. tidy them up C. tidy it up D. tidy up it
15. About ____ people took part in planting trees last year.
A.million of B.two millions C. two million D. two millions of
二、用 must ，mustn’t， may， may not， can 或can’t 填空
This is Mrs Lee’ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s first trip to Canada, She ____________ only speak a little French and a little English, Today, she will go the Canadian Embassy to get visas for the family, She knows she __________ forget to take all the family’s passports with her or they will not get visas. She ___________ get there before the embassy clothes
Dean has just boug ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ht three pairs of skis. He is trying, but he ________________ carry them all at the same time, He wants to take a taxi home, but the taxi won’t stop for hin. He ______________ find a taxi queue if he wants a taxi.
一、情态动词的定义
情态动词是一类用于表示说话人的语气和情态的助动词。常表示命令、请求、拒绝、义务、可能、需要等。
二、情态动词的特点
1. 情态动词无人称和数的变化,
2. 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 "not"。
3. 个别情态动词有过去式, 过去式用来表达更客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在。
三、情态动词的用法
1. can/could； can’t/couldn’t (否定)
1) 表示能力, 意为“能、会”, 例如：
I can speak a little English. -- Can you ride a bike
I can’t swim. -- Yes, I can. / No, I can’t.
2) 表示请求或允许，多用于口语中，意为“可以、能”等
You can go home now. 现在你可以回家了 -- Can I borrow your bike
You can’t stop you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r car here. -- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.
3) 用于否定句、疑问句中，表示猜测、怀疑或不肯定.
Lucy can’t be at home now, she went to the park just now.
Where can it be I can’t find my football.
【注意：】
1）. could 是can的过去式, 有 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )两种用法, 一种表示过去式；一种用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在。
2）. be able to 意为“有能力，能够做...”, 相当于can/could, 但它有人称，数和时态的变化。
2. may; may not (否定)
1) 表示“请求，许可”，此时与 can 同义，可以互换使用
May I borrow your bike Can I borrow your bike
Yes, you may. / No, you may not. Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.
2) may/might表示不太肯定的猜测，意为“有可能”
Lucy may come to school late today.
It might rain today.
【注意】：might 是may 的过去式, 有两种用法, 一种表示过去式，一种表示更加委婉, 客气的语气或对可能性的怀疑。
3. must; mustn’t (否定)
1) must(“必须”, 表示命令)，mustn’t(“一定不能”, 表示强烈禁止...)
You must go to bed before 22:00pm.
You mustn’t play with fire. It’s dangerous!
--Must I write down the sentences？
--No，you needn’t. (--No,you don’t have to)
注意：在回答must的疑问句中，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to表示“不必”，不用mustn’t
2) must 还可以表示非常肯定的猜测，意为“一定”
The girl in a red skirt must be Lucy.
3) must/ have to 的区别：
①. must表示必须，强调主观上的愿望；have to表示“不得不”，强调客观需要
You must go be bed before 22:00pm.
My bike is broken, so I have to go to school on foot.
②. have to 有人称、数、时态的变化；must则没有。
I have to clean the classroom today.
She has to finish her homework first.
It was late, he had to go to school without breakfast.
【习题】
1. --Must I finish the work today
--No,you . You can finish it tomorrow.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
2. -- I swim ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )here --I’m sorry. Children swim alone here.
A. Must can’t B. May must C. Can mustn’t D. Can’t can
3. --Meng Fei ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) broke his arm while recording If You Are The One in Beijing.
--Really Then perhaps he host TV programmes for some time.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D.can’t
4. --What do you wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nt to eat for lunch I will prepare earlier today.
--Honey, you . Let’s go out to have something different.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D.don’t have to
5. Thomas, please be quiet. The others hear very well.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D.needn’t
6. --You see, a man is cutting a tree on the Moon.
--It be true. The teacher says there is no air on the moon.
A. can’t B.may not C. shouldn’t D.mustn’t
7. --Can I go fishing with you,Dad
--No, you . You stay at home and do your homework first.
A. won’t may B. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) can’t must C. shouldn’t ought D. needn’t should
8. Anna hasn’t come to school today. I think she be ill.
A. can B.has to C. may D.should
9. --Fifty dollars for such a T-shirt! You be joking!
--I’m serous. It’s made of silk.
A. must B.need C. may D.can
10. _ _____I go and apologize to my teacher for my mistake
A. Should B.Need C.Can D. May
11. May I stop my car here,sir --No,you_____.
A.may not B.mustn’t C.can’t D.needn’t
12. _____I change the bulb(灯泡) now
--No,you may not. You_____switch off the electricity.
A.Can;need B.May;must C.Must;must D.Can;must
13. John____ come to s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ee us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.
A.may B.can C.has to D.must
14. My mother is ill.So I _____to look after my little brother.
A.must B.may C.have to D.should
15. I’m afraid it _____rain tonight.
A.can B.could C.may be D.might
句型
I’m going to buy a packet of sweets.
a packet of 一袋。其后可接可数名词复数或不可数名词用来表示数量。
不可数名词没有复数形式，在表示数量时，常用“a+单位量词+of+不可数名词”结构。
a+单位量词+of+不可数名词
a piece of me ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at; a piece of paper; a glass of apple juice; a bag of milk
a +单位量词+of+可数名词复数
a basket of eggs; a bag of apples
数词+单位量词+of+不可数名词
two glasses of water; three cups of tea
数词+单位量词+of+可数名词复数
two packets of sweets ; three bags of pencils
It is like water, in a way…
it a way 在某种程度上
In a way, you are right. 在某种程度上,你是对的.
与way的相关短语:
In the way 妨碍;挡道
His hobby sometimes gets in the way of his studies. 有时他的爱好妨碍了他的学业.
on the way 在途中;在路中
He is on the way to school now. 他现在在上学的途中.
by the way 顺便问一下
By the way, who is Tom 顺便问一下,谁是汤姆
all the way 一直
He studies hare all the way. 他学习一直很努力.
Electricity comes into our flat through thin wires. 电通过细电线进入我们的公寓.
come into 进入……之内
Water comes into our houses through pipes.
These are connected to cables under the street…
connect 连接… 常用结构: be connected to sth. 连接到…… ;
connect sth. to/with… 把…和…连接起来.
Turn on your computer and connect it to the Internet.
The railway line connects Wuhan to Shanghai.
A moment later, Daisy came back.
(1)moment 可数名词,意为”瞬间;片刻”
I’d like to talk to you for a moment.
与moment相关的短语:
a moment ago 刚刚;刚才
He was here a moment ago.
at the moment 现在;此刻
He is at home at the moment.
wait a moment 等一会儿
Wait a moment, please.
later 副词,意为”后来;以后”
Batteries provide toy cars with…
provide sb. with sth. 供应给某人某物
The sun provides us with light and heat.
“为某人提供某物”还可以用 provide sth. for sb.
...speak as many languages as Lo. … 说和Lo一样多的语言.
“as many + 复数名词+as ” 意为”和……一样多的…”
I have as many books as you. 我和你有一样多的书.
“as much +不可数名词+as” 意为”和…一样多的…”
My brother drinks as much milk as I every day.
share cups with others 与别人合用杯子
share sth. with sb. 与某人合用/分享某物
Lucy shares a bedroom with Lily. 露西和莉莉合用一间卧室.
Keep the outside of the pot dry. 让锅的外表保持干燥。
(1 )“keep + sb. / sth. + 形容词” 意为“让某人/某物保持某种状态”。
(2) keep doing sth. 连续不断地做某事，一直做。强调不断重复的动作。
Li Lei keeps buying books about cars. 李雷不断地买有关车的书。
(3) keep sb./ sth. doing sth. 让某人不断地做某事
(4) keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
We must keep them from getting to know our plans. 我们必须防止他们知道我们的计划。
…because it might start a fire. ……因为它可能会引起火灾。
might 情态动词，意为“可能，也许”。
I’m afraid it might rain today. 恐怕今天会下雨。
Stand at least one metre away from the microwave when it is on.
at least 至少
A child must sleep at least eight hours a day.
与least有关的短语：
not in the least 一点也不
He is not in the least worried about his future.他一点也不担心他的未来。
(2) least of all 最不……的
Nobody cared, least of all my little sister. 没有人在意，更不用说我的小妹妹了。
…make sure it is microwave safe. ……确保它适用于微波炉。
Make sure 务必，确信
一、单选
1. Mum makes me eat an apple every day ______ the doctor away.
A.keeps B. is kept C. to keep D. kept
2. Farmers have become ______ in our hometown in recent years.
A.more and m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ore rich B. richer and richer C. more rich and more rich
3. With the help of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the new technology, you _____ e-mail your friends by mobile phone.
A.can B. must C. need D. should
4. ----_______ I sw ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )im here ----I’m sorry. Children _____ swim alone here.
A.Must; can’t B. May; must C. Can; mustn’t D. Can’t; can
5. You _____ jump ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) onto a bus while it is still moving. It is too dangerous.
A.can B. must C. can’t D. mustn’t
6. ---Can he speak English
7. ----________.
A.Yes, he does B.Yes,he did C. Yes, he can D.Yes, he must
8. _______ call me Mimi! It’s my cat’s name.
A.Not B. Doesn’t C. Don’t D. Be not
9. Look, the dining hall is right on ______ side of the street.
A.another B. other C. the another D. the other
10. ---What can I do for you ---I’d like two _______.
A.packet of tea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. packets of apple C. packets of tea D. packet of apples
11. It’s too late. It’s time to go to bed. Lily, ______ the TV.
A.switch on B. switch off C. turn up D. close
12. The computer is connected _______ a machine.
A.at B. to C. on D. in
13. I asked him twice. But he didn’t ______ my questions.
A.answers B. answer to C. reply D. reply to
14. I washed a lot of clothes. Who can _______
A.tidy up them B. tidy them up C. tidy it up D. tidy up it
15. About ____ people took part in planting trees last year.
A.million of B.two millions C. two million D. two millions of
二、用 must ，mustn’t， may， may not， can 或can’t 填空
This is Mrs Lee’ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s first trip to Canada, She ____________ only speak a little French and a little English, Today, she will go the Canadian Embassy to get visas for the family, She knows she __________ forget to take all the family’s passports with her or they will not get visas. She ___________ get there before the embassy clothes
Dean has just boug ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ht three pairs of skis. He is trying, but he ________________ carry them all at the same time, He wants to take a taxi home, but the taxi won’t stop for hin. He ______________ find a taxi queue if he wants a taxi.