新课标Unit 4 A good read Grammar课件
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| 名称 | 新课标Unit 4 A good read Grammar课件 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-13 20:43:59 | ||
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译林版·八年级下册
Unit 4 A good read
Grammar
Learning aims:
1.掌握本课时新单词及短语：hand, review, return, hand in, write about, and so on, ask for help with writing, on time
2.学会正确使用“特殊疑问词+ 动词不定式” 结构。
3.学会正确使用must和have to。
Look at the following sentences.
1. Some dogs just don’t know how to have fun.
2. I’m thinking about what to wear.
3. Eddie, I think we have to go up again.
4. We don’t have to feed her much.
5. Have you decided what to do with these books, Hobo
6. I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge.
7. I did not know what to say either.
Have a look.
We can use a question word with a to-infinitive after a verb.
e.g.
Millie has decided what to read.
Daniel did not say who to talk to about this book.
Simon forgot when to meet his friends.
Kitty cannot decide which to choose first.
Sandy is wondering where to ask for help.
Amy does not know how to write the report.
结论：“特殊疑问词+不定式”可直接放在动词后.
动词+疑问词+to do
All question words can be used in this way, except why.
Suzy will explain why to recommend this book.
Suzy will explain why she recommend this book.
√
×
结论：“所有疑问词中，只有why不可以与动词不定式连用。
We can use a verb + object before a question word with a
to-infinitive.
advise, ask, decide, discuss find out, forget, know, learn remember, say, teach think, understand, wonder show,
结论：“疑问词+动词不定式做动词的宾语。
疑问词也包括疑问代词what, which, who.
疑问副词how, when, where.
e.g.
Mr Wu advised us which to choose as after-school activities.
The students asked their teacher when to hand in their work.
Millie showed us what to do next.
Daniel taught himself how to use a computer to draw.
Don’t forget to tell your mum where to meet you.
结论1：“特殊疑问词+不定式”可直接放在上列动词后，也可以置于上列动词的宾语后，即双宾语。
动词+宾语+疑问词+to do
We can use a noun after what, which, whose, how many and how much.
e.g. They are discussing which color to paint the walls.
You can ask your parents how much money to take with you.
结论：有些疑问词，如what, which, whose, how many, how much等，其后可以先接一个名词，再接动词不定式。
V+疑问词+名词+ to do
We can also use an adjective like sure or clear before a question word.
e.g. Suzy was not sure who to ask for help.
Are you clear when to meet at the gate tomorrow
结论：
在“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构前，有时也可以是如sure, clear等的形容词
形容词+ 疑问词+ to do
“疑问词+动词不定式” 结构在句子中还可以做主语和表语。
e.g. How to deal with the problem is most important to us.
如何处理这个问题对我们来说是最重要的。
The problem is when to leave the place.
问题是何时离开这个地方。
“疑问词+动词不定式” 结构可以改写成由该疑问词引导的从句。
e.g. I don’t know what to do.
= I do not know what I should do.
我不知道该做什么。
注意：所有疑问句中，只有why不可以 与动词不定式连用。
Let’s work out the rules
动词+疑问词+to do
动词+宾语+疑问词+to do
动词+疑问词+名词+ to do
形容词+ 疑问词+ to do
Amy and Daniel are talking about their Reading plete their conversation. Use the correct question words and to-infinitives.
ask for, find , hand in
speak, travel, write about
how, what, when,
where, which, who,
Amy: Mr Wu has recommended so many interesting books. Have you decided (1) ____________ first, Daniel
Daniel: Yes. I want to read Black Beauty first. But I don’t know (2)
___________ the book.
Amy: You can try our school library or Sunshine Library. Oh, did you
know Peter is reading Around the World in Eighty Days He wants
to find out (3) ____________ around the world in such a short time.
Daniel: Wow, that’s amazing! By the way, can you tell me (4)______________ our book
report
Amy: Before next Friday. I’m still not sure (5) _________________ in the report.
Daniel: You can write anything about your book – what the book is about, what you think of it and so on. You should read some reviews about the book before writing.
which to read
where to find
how to travel
when to hand in
what to write about
Grammar2
Unit 4 A good read
must & have to 用法
1. Have you decided what to do with these books, Hobo
2. I did not know what to say either.
3. “I must run away from them,” I thought, but I did not know
how to get away.
Look at the following sentences.
must 的用法
一、表义务，“必须”。 must 表主观的认识。
I must study hard. 我必须努力学习。
(主观上认为应该努力学习)
二、在否定结构中表”不许,禁止”。
You mustn't leave here. 你不能离开这儿。
三、表推测，暗含有很大的可能性。否定的猜测是用can't。
He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他肯定是病了。他的脸色那么苍白。
The baby can‘t be ill. He is so active. 那宝宝不大可能是病了。他那么活跃。
四、关于 must 的简短回答：
-Must I clean the dining room at once 我必须马上打扫膳厅吗
-Yes, you must. 是的。
-No, you needn't. / No, you don't have to. 不必马上打扫。
have to 用法
一、have to 表客观的需要和义务，must 表主观的认识。
eg：I missed the train, so I had to take a taxi.
我没搭上火车，所以我只得打的。
(客观上需要打的)
I must study hard. 我必须努力学习。
(主观上认为应该努力学习)
二、在疑问句和否定句中，have to 多用助动词 do ,does,did构成，must 则直接提前或加not。
eg：Did he have to do it = Must he do it 他得做那件事吗
而且在否定句中，have to 表不需要，must 表不允许：
You don‘t have to go there. 你不需要去那儿。
You mustn’t go there 你不可去那儿。
must 表主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，“必须，得，要”。
e.g. You must finish your homework today.
你今天必须完成家庭作业。
must 的否定形式must not表示禁止，“不能，不行”。
e.g. You must not smoke here.
你不能在这里抽烟。
小结
have to 表一种客观的需要，“不得不”。have to 有人称和数的变化。
e.g. It is getting dark. He has to go home now. 天快黑了，他现在得回家了。
have to 的否定形式do not have to, 相当于need not 。
e.g. They do not have to buy a computer at the moment.他们目前没有必要买电脑。
e.g. He does not have to go.他不必走。
注意：must 还可以表示肯定猜测，意思是 “一定” 。否定的猜测是can’t。
e.g. You must be hungry after all that walking.走了那么远的路，你一定饿了吧。
That can’t be Lucy. She has gone to American.那肯定不是Lucy，她已经去了美国。
Amy is telling her cousin Shirley some library plete what she says with must, must not, have to or don’t have to.
You (1) _____ keep quiet in the library.
You (2) _____ keep the books clean and tidy.
You (3) _______ draw or write on the books.
must
must
mustn’t
You (4) _______ eat or drink in the library.
You (5) _____ return the books on time. If you want to keep them longer, you
(6) ______ renew them.
You (7) ____________ bring your student card every time you go to the library, but remember to bring your library card.
mustn’t
must
have to
do not have to
根据汉语填空
Millie has decided .(读什么)
Daniel didn’t say .(与谁聊天)
Simon forgot .(何时与朋友见面)
Sandy is wondering .(去哪里寻求帮助)
Amy doesn’t know .(如何写报告)
what to read
who to talk to
when to meet friends
where to ask for help
how to write the report
Exercises
how which what when where
1. When I go into the clothes shop, I always can’t decide _____ one to buy.
2. My grandfather doesn’t know ____ to use a computer.
which
how
选词填空:
3. — Will you please show me ____ to drive a car
— Yes, of course. Now let me tell you ____ to do first.
4. I will tell Lucy _____ and _____ to meet.
how
what
when
where
(1) Gulliver did not know where he could find other people.
Gulliver did not know _______________ other people. (2)Gulliver wondered who he could ask for help.
Gulliver wondered _____________________ help.
(3) Gulliver did not know how he could break the ropes.
Gulliver did not know ______________the ropes.
(4) Gulliver found out what he could do with the tiny man.
Gulliver found out ______________ with the tiny man. (5) Gulliver decided when he should leave Lilliput.
Gulliver decided _______________should leave Lilliput.
where to find
同义句转换
who to ask for
how to break
what to do
when to leave
Complete the following sentences with ‘must, mustn’t, have to, don’t have to’.
You keep quiet in the library.
You keep the books clean and tidy.
You draw or write in the books.
You eat or drink in the library.
You return the books on time, if you want to keep them longer, you _________ renew them.
You bring your student card every time you go to the library, but remember to bring your library car.
must
must
mustn’t
mustn’t
have to
have to
don’t have to
Library rules
1. Remember the grammar rules in this lesson.
2. Finish the exercise in the workbook.
Homework
谢谢
21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com)
中小学教育资源网站
兼职招聘：
https://www.21cnjy.com/recruitment/home/admin
译林版·八年级下册
Unit 4 A good read
Grammar
Learning aims:
1.掌握本课时新单词及短语：hand, review, return, hand in, write about, and so on, ask for help with writing, on time
2.学会正确使用“特殊疑问词+ 动词不定式” 结构。
3.学会正确使用must和have to。
Look at the following sentences.
1. Some dogs just don’t know how to have fun.
2. I’m thinking about what to wear.
3. Eddie, I think we have to go up again.
4. We don’t have to feed her much.
5. Have you decided what to do with these books, Hobo
6. I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge.
7. I did not know what to say either.
Have a look.
We can use a question word with a to-infinitive after a verb.
e.g.
Millie has decided what to read.
Daniel did not say who to talk to about this book.
Simon forgot when to meet his friends.
Kitty cannot decide which to choose first.
Sandy is wondering where to ask for help.
Amy does not know how to write the report.
结论：“特殊疑问词+不定式”可直接放在动词后.
动词+疑问词+to do
All question words can be used in this way, except why.
Suzy will explain why to recommend this book.
Suzy will explain why she recommend this book.
√
×
结论：“所有疑问词中，只有why不可以与动词不定式连用。
We can use a verb + object before a question word with a
to-infinitive.
advise, ask, decide, discuss find out, forget, know, learn remember, say, teach think, understand, wonder show,
结论：“疑问词+动词不定式做动词的宾语。
疑问词也包括疑问代词what, which, who.
疑问副词how, when, where.
e.g.
Mr Wu advised us which to choose as after-school activities.
The students asked their teacher when to hand in their work.
Millie showed us what to do next.
Daniel taught himself how to use a computer to draw.
Don’t forget to tell your mum where to meet you.
结论1：“特殊疑问词+不定式”可直接放在上列动词后，也可以置于上列动词的宾语后，即双宾语。
动词+宾语+疑问词+to do
We can use a noun after what, which, whose, how many and how much.
e.g. They are discussing which color to paint the walls.
You can ask your parents how much money to take with you.
结论：有些疑问词，如what, which, whose, how many, how much等，其后可以先接一个名词，再接动词不定式。
V+疑问词+名词+ to do
We can also use an adjective like sure or clear before a question word.
e.g. Suzy was not sure who to ask for help.
Are you clear when to meet at the gate tomorrow
结论：
在“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构前，有时也可以是如sure, clear等的形容词
形容词+ 疑问词+ to do
“疑问词+动词不定式” 结构在句子中还可以做主语和表语。
e.g. How to deal with the problem is most important to us.
如何处理这个问题对我们来说是最重要的。
The problem is when to leave the place.
问题是何时离开这个地方。
“疑问词+动词不定式” 结构可以改写成由该疑问词引导的从句。
e.g. I don’t know what to do.
= I do not know what I should do.
我不知道该做什么。
注意：所有疑问句中，只有why不可以 与动词不定式连用。
Let’s work out the rules
动词+疑问词+to do
动词+宾语+疑问词+to do
动词+疑问词+名词+ to do
形容词+ 疑问词+ to do
Amy and Daniel are talking about their Reading plete their conversation. Use the correct question words and to-infinitives.
ask for, find , hand in
speak, travel, write about
how, what, when,
where, which, who,
Amy: Mr Wu has recommended so many interesting books. Have you decided (1) ____________ first, Daniel
Daniel: Yes. I want to read Black Beauty first. But I don’t know (2)
___________ the book.
Amy: You can try our school library or Sunshine Library. Oh, did you
know Peter is reading Around the World in Eighty Days He wants
to find out (3) ____________ around the world in such a short time.
Daniel: Wow, that’s amazing! By the way, can you tell me (4)______________ our book
report
Amy: Before next Friday. I’m still not sure (5) _________________ in the report.
Daniel: You can write anything about your book – what the book is about, what you think of it and so on. You should read some reviews about the book before writing.
which to read
where to find
how to travel
when to hand in
what to write about
Grammar2
Unit 4 A good read
must & have to 用法
1. Have you decided what to do with these books, Hobo
2. I did not know what to say either.
3. “I must run away from them,” I thought, but I did not know
how to get away.
Look at the following sentences.
must 的用法
一、表义务，“必须”。 must 表主观的认识。
I must study hard. 我必须努力学习。
(主观上认为应该努力学习)
二、在否定结构中表”不许,禁止”。
You mustn't leave here. 你不能离开这儿。
三、表推测，暗含有很大的可能性。否定的猜测是用can't。
He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他肯定是病了。他的脸色那么苍白。
The baby can‘t be ill. He is so active. 那宝宝不大可能是病了。他那么活跃。
四、关于 must 的简短回答：
-Must I clean the dining room at once 我必须马上打扫膳厅吗
-Yes, you must. 是的。
-No, you needn't. / No, you don't have to. 不必马上打扫。
have to 用法
一、have to 表客观的需要和义务，must 表主观的认识。
eg：I missed the train, so I had to take a taxi.
我没搭上火车，所以我只得打的。
(客观上需要打的)
I must study hard. 我必须努力学习。
(主观上认为应该努力学习)
二、在疑问句和否定句中，have to 多用助动词 do ,does,did构成，must 则直接提前或加not。
eg：Did he have to do it = Must he do it 他得做那件事吗
而且在否定句中，have to 表不需要，must 表不允许：
You don‘t have to go there. 你不需要去那儿。
You mustn’t go there 你不可去那儿。
must 表主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，“必须，得，要”。
e.g. You must finish your homework today.
你今天必须完成家庭作业。
must 的否定形式must not表示禁止，“不能，不行”。
e.g. You must not smoke here.
你不能在这里抽烟。
小结
have to 表一种客观的需要，“不得不”。have to 有人称和数的变化。
e.g. It is getting dark. He has to go home now. 天快黑了，他现在得回家了。
have to 的否定形式do not have to, 相当于need not 。
e.g. They do not have to buy a computer at the moment.他们目前没有必要买电脑。
e.g. He does not have to go.他不必走。
注意：must 还可以表示肯定猜测，意思是 “一定” 。否定的猜测是can’t。
e.g. You must be hungry after all that walking.走了那么远的路，你一定饿了吧。
That can’t be Lucy. She has gone to American.那肯定不是Lucy，她已经去了美国。
Amy is telling her cousin Shirley some library plete what she says with must, must not, have to or don’t have to.
You (1) _____ keep quiet in the library.
You (2) _____ keep the books clean and tidy.
You (3) _______ draw or write on the books.
must
must
mustn’t
You (4) _______ eat or drink in the library.
You (5) _____ return the books on time. If you want to keep them longer, you
(6) ______ renew them.
You (7) ____________ bring your student card every time you go to the library, but remember to bring your library card.
mustn’t
must
have to
do not have to
根据汉语填空
Millie has decided .(读什么)
Daniel didn’t say .(与谁聊天)
Simon forgot .(何时与朋友见面)
Sandy is wondering .(去哪里寻求帮助)
Amy doesn’t know .(如何写报告)
what to read
who to talk to
when to meet friends
where to ask for help
how to write the report
Exercises
how which what when where
1. When I go into the clothes shop, I always can’t decide _____ one to buy.
2. My grandfather doesn’t know ____ to use a computer.
which
how
选词填空:
3. — Will you please show me ____ to drive a car
— Yes, of course. Now let me tell you ____ to do first.
4. I will tell Lucy _____ and _____ to meet.
how
what
when
where
(1) Gulliver did not know where he could find other people.
Gulliver did not know _______________ other people. (2)Gulliver wondered who he could ask for help.
Gulliver wondered _____________________ help.
(3) Gulliver did not know how he could break the ropes.
Gulliver did not know ______________the ropes.
(4) Gulliver found out what he could do with the tiny man.
Gulliver found out ______________ with the tiny man. (5) Gulliver decided when he should leave Lilliput.
Gulliver decided _______________should leave Lilliput.
where to find
同义句转换
who to ask for
how to break
what to do
when to leave
Complete the following sentences with ‘must, mustn’t, have to, don’t have to’.
You keep quiet in the library.
You keep the books clean and tidy.
You draw or write in the books.
You eat or drink in the library.
You return the books on time, if you want to keep them longer, you _________ renew them.
You bring your student card every time you go to the library, but remember to bring your library car.
must
must
mustn’t
mustn’t
have to
have to
don’t have to
Library rules
1. Remember the grammar rules in this lesson.
2. Finish the exercise in the workbook.
Homework
谢谢
21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com)
中小学教育资源网站
兼职招聘：
https://www.21cnjy.com/recruitment/home/admin