阅读理解技巧之主旨大意专项练—2023年初中英语中考备考二轮复习（含答案）

阅读理解技巧之主旨大意专项练
One January morning, Thomas Smith was walking his dog, Jack, in the park. Mr Smith was sitting under a tree and Jack was running on the ice lake. Suddenly, the dog fell into（掉进）the water and couldn’t get out.
“I must save my dog, ”said Mr Smith. He didn’t think much, and jumped into the cold water. It was difficult for him to swim in the cold water, but he was just thinking about saving Jack.
Luckily, he helped Jack out of the water. And they were safe. “When we get out of the water everybody asks how Jack is, and nobody is worried about me! ” Mr Smith said with a smile.
Julie Brown saw this thing, too. “The dog gets onto the ice lake, ”she said. “Suddenly, it starts to go under. Many people see it and they are shouting for help. But only Mr Smith jumps into the cold water to save it.”
People thought Mr Smith was a hero（英雄）. “In fact, many people in the world are doing the same as me, ” said Mr Smith. “But from now on, I must let Jack be away from the ice lake.”
Animals are our great friends. Can you do the same for them like Mr Smith
1．When did the story happen
A．On a cold morning in February. B．On a warm afternoon in January.
C．On a warm afternoon in February. D．On a cold morning in January.
2．What was Mr Smith doing while the dog was running on the ice lake
A．He was taking a walk in the park. B．He was sitting under a tree.
C．He was talking with someone. D．He was playing with another dog.
3．Why did only Mr Smith jump into the cold water to save Jack
A．Because he was good at swimming
B．Because he loved his dog very much.
C．Because other people didn’t like the dog
D．Because no one saw the dog fall into the lake.
4．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Mr Smith felt angry because no one was worried about him.
B．Mr Smith let Jack get onto the ice and it fell into the water.
C．Mr Smith won’t let Jack play on the ice lake next time.
D．Julie Brown didn’t think it is necessary（必要的）for Mr Smith to do so.
5．What does the writer mainly want to tell us
A．To be good with animals B．To help people in danger.
C．To stay away from the ice lake. D．To learn to swim in the lake.
Hua Chenyu is popular with young people in China. We can always see him on TV or on the Internet. In 2018, he won many prizes(奖)as one of the most popular Chinese singers.
Hua was often left alone at home when he was a child. He fell in love with music and started to learn to play the flute(长笛)at an early age. Now he can also play many musical instruments, such as the piano, the drums and the guitar. When he was 12 years old, he tried to write songs. After years of hard work, he went to the Wuhan Conservatory of music(音乐学院).
In 2013, he won Hunan TV station’s Super Boy singing competition(竞赛). During the competition, he wrote and sang a song without words. It made everyone surprised and he became famous. Also, in the song Why nobody fights, he just sang one sentence “Why nobody fights ” again and again in different ways.
For Hua, music is a way to show his feelings. He works hard as a singer, but he doesn’t think music is his life. “ ▲ . It makes me relaxed. But without it, I can still enjoy life,” he said. He likes trying everything he likes and believes anything is possible.
6．Hua Chenyu is a famous ________ from China.
A．player B．actor C．singer D．dancer
7．When did Hua Chenyu start to write songs
A．At the age of 7. B．At the age of 8. C．At the age of 10. D．At the age of 12.
8．What can we learn from the passage
A．Hua can’t write songs by himself.
B．In 2013, Hua Chenyu became famous.
C．Why nobody fights doesn’t have lyrics(歌词).
D．Hua Chenyu enjoys life but doesn’t work hard.
9．Which of the following can be put in ▲
A．I take music as a hobby B．I wish to have more fans
C．I must hold more concerts D．I want to make amazing music
10．The main idea of the passage is to ________.
A．make suggestions for Hua Chenyu B．tell stories of Hua Chenyu’s family
C．let us know more about Hua Chenyu D．tell us how Hua Chenyu became famous
Advertisements are everywhere, TV, newspapers, magazines and of course, on the Internet. Is advertisement really necessary Billions of dollars are spent on it every year, so it must be important. After all, it’s a busy world. You have to advertise to get people’s attention to sell products!
Not every company thinks that way, however. The NO-AD company doesn’t advertise in traditional ways. It sells its products by word of mouth. In this way, they can save money and keep costs down, which makes their products cheaper for customers.
“Word-of-mouth advertising” happens when one person tells another about a good experience with a product or service. That next person then tells another friend, family member, or colleague (同事). And so a chain of information is created.
Usually, advertisers talk about how good their product is. Although they say things like “Studies show that our product is the best,” or “Everyone loves this product,” it can sound unconvincing. It’s much more believable to hear about a product from a family member or friend who has used it and liked it. Our loved ones’ opinions are very important to us, so we often listen to their advice about a product.
Word-of-mouth advertising has other advantages, too. It’s cost-effective (after all, it’s free) and a company doesn’t have to create a complex business plan to do it. Here is some advice for small businesses about word-of-mouth advertising.
● Be prepared to talk about your company at any time. You never know who you will meet. Always carry business cards.
● Only say good things about your company. Don’t say bad things about your competition.
● Help other companies by recommending people to them. The more you help others, the more good luck will come back to you and that’s good business.
11．What’s the “traditional way” of advertising
A．Attracting people with lower price.
B．Selling products by word of mouth.
C．Telling people the names of the companies.
D．Spending billions of dollars on advertisements.
12．Which of the following may be a word-of-mouth advertising
A．Telling people how good the product is on TV.
B．Recommending the product you like to your friends.
C．Telling people the product is the best in the newspaper.
D．Showing people how popular the product is on the Internet.
13．What does the underlined word “unconvincing” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．uncomfortable B．unimportant C．unbelievable D．unusual
14．What might NO-AD companies do according to the passage
A．Create complex business plans.
B．Say bad things about other companies.
C．Improve their products and service all the time.
D．Help other companies by wishing them good luck.
15．The writer writes the passage to ________.
A．find out the value of making advertisements.
B．introduce people a new way of advertising.
C．tell people to care more about advertisements.
D．show how to sell products by advertising on TV.
You may feel curious(好奇的) about students in other countries: Do they also have so much homework What do they do in their free time
On April 8, a report came out on the life of high school students in China, Japan, South Korea and the US. It surveyed around 6,200 students from the four countries last year. You will find the answers to many of your questions in this report.
Who studies hardest
Chinese students spend the most time studying. Nearly half of Chinese students spend more than two hours on their homework every day. That’s much more than students of the US(26.4%), Japan(8.2%) and South Korea(5.2%).
Who sleeps most often in class
Japanese students fall asleep in class most often. About 45% of them said they sometimes doze off(打瞌睡) in class. In South Korea is 32%; in the US, 21%; and 5% in China.
South Korean students don’t like taking notes. About 70% said they write down what the teacher says in class, many fewer than in Japan(93%), China(90%) and the US (89%).
Who is the most distracted(分心的)
American students are the most active in class, but also the most distracted: 64.2% said they talk with friends in class; 46.9% said they eat snacks(点心) in class; and 38.9% said they send e-mails or read unrelated(无关的) books in class.
What do they do after school
In their free time, most Chinese students study or surf the Internet. Most American students go out with their friends. Most Japanese students do physical exercises. Most South Korean students watch TV.
16．In the report, who studies hardest
A．Japanese students. B．Chinese students.
C．American students. D．South Korean students.
17．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．93% Japanese students like taking notes in class.
B．Most Chinese students do physical exercises after class.
C．38.9% American students talk with friends in class.
D．South Korean students fall asleep in class most often.
18．In China, how many students fall asleep in class
A．45%. B．32%. C．21%. D．5%.
19．What do American students do in their free time
A．Do physical exercises.
B．Study or surf the Internet.
C．Watch TV.
D．Go out with friends.
20．What is the article about
A．It is a report about the students’ lessons in four countries.
B．It is an article about the students’ study and life in four countries.
C．It is a story about students’ sports after class.
D．It tells us that American students don’t like studying.
Everyone has a family name. In China, the family name is the first name, but in English countries the family name is the last name. Do you know how English people get their family names And what do they mean English people usually get their family name in these ways (方式).
Some family names come from the places of their homes. A man live on or near a hill, his family name may be (可能是) Hill. In England, people's names may be Wood, Lake because they live near the wood (树林) or the lake.
Some family names come from a person's job. If a person is a cook, his family name may be Cook.
And many people get their family names from their father's family names. If you hear the name "Jackson", you can know that he is the son of Jack.
21．In the passage, how many ways can English people get their family names
A．two B．three C．four D．five
22．A man lives near the lake. His family name may be ______.
A．Hill B．Wood C．Lake D．Cook
23．Jack's family name is Cook. His family name may come from the ______.
A．place B．hobby C．job D．country
24．A boy's family name is Jackson because he is ______.
A．Jack's father B．Jack's best friend
C．the grandfather of Jack D．the son of Jack
25．The passage mainly talks about ______ in English countries.
A．family names B．English people
C．hills and lakes D．jobs and homes
STUDY BOOKS
Learning How to Learn $24.99Children who read this book show great interest in study. Many pictures will help children understand it easily and quickly.
Basic Study Manual $38.50Read this book and learn： What the three barriers (障碍) to study are and what to do about them. What to do if you are fed up with a subject. Children read it to improve the ability to study.
How to Use a Dictionary Picture Book for Children $35.00Read this book and learn： How to find words in a dictionary. What the different marks in a dictionary mean. How to use a dictionary to pronounce words correctly. Buy this book and help children unlock their education. What's more, you'll just pay 50% for it before May 1,2020.
26.According to the ad, these three books are for ________.
A．men B．parents C．women D．children
27．Many pictures in the book Learning How to Learn can ________.
A．make children draw beautifully
B．make the book beautiful
C．make children understand the book easily
D．make the book sell well
28．________ can tell you the meaning of the different marks in a dictionary.
A．Learning How to Learn
B．Study Skills for Life
C．Basic Study Manual
D．How to Use a Dictionary Picture Book for Children
29．If you buy the three books on April 12, 2020, you will have to pay ________ for them.
A．$98.49 B．$80.99 C．$79.24 D．$49.25
30．The purpose of the passage is to ________.
A．help children learn English
B．sell the three books to children
C．help children learn about nature
D．use a dictionary to pronounce correctly
Would you like to live in a city where buildings turn the lights off for you, and self-driving cars will find the nearest parking space themselves Although it might sound a little far from you, living in a "smart" city like this could happen sooner than you think.
Great changes have taken place in towns that we have lived in for centuries, while completely new cities are being built. One such place is the city of Songdo. Every home there will have a telepresence system (远程遥控系统) allowing users to control the heating and locks, take part in video meetings, and receive education, health care and government services. Around the city, escalators ( 自动扶梯 ) will only move when someone is on them, and offices and schools will all be connected to the system.
The great mind behind Songdo is from the company Cisco. In fact, technology companies around the world such as IBM, Siemens and Microsoft are already in the business.
About 75% of the world's population will live in cities by 2050, so cities will need to be more modern to deal with the coming problems. Making cities smarter is one way out, and I think this will in turn make cities greener, said Dan Hill, head of a research company.
31．According to the text, living in a "smart" city ______.
A．is not a green way B．will be far from you
C．will soon become true D．is completely impossible
32．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．A city of the future. B．A meeting in Songdo.
C．A plan to build a house. D．A report on public health.
33．Which company offers the great mind to build Songdo
A．Cisco. B．IBM. C．Siemens D．Microsoft.
34．Dan Hill thinks that making cities smarter is one way to________.
A．drive people out of cities B．control the world’s population
C．develop his own company D．solve the cities' coming problems
35．Which of the following might be the best title for the text
A．Future Education B．Smart Cities
C．Government Services D．Famous Companies
People are always trying to live a healthy life. You might have read so much on this topic. The following ideas may sound strange, but they can really help you.
Exercise when you are tired.
After a long and tiring day of study, exercising might not sound like a good idea, but it should. In fact, physical activities can provide you with the missing energy. Research shows that exercising for just 30 minutes can make you feel good!
Write by hand to help the brain be active.
Although writing something using a computer is faster, it is much better to remember the whole thing by writing it down by hand. When you read a handwritten text, naturally it's easier for your brains to remember the information.
Spare more time for yourself.
By sparing the time for yourself and just being alone for a while, you can have a chance to think and get to know yourself better. And you won't behave impulsively （冲动地）.
Drink hot drinks on a hot day.
What cools more on a hot summer morning cold water or hot water The study shows that the hot water does make people feel cooler. When you are drinking something hot, the body will feel the change in temperature and increase the perspiration（流汗）, which helps you cool down!
36． can make you feel good after a day's tiring study.
A．Resting
B．Exercising
C．Eating
D．Reading
37．It's the best way to if we want to remember a long passage.
A．read it over
B．read it aloud
C．write it down by hand
D．write it using a computer
38．The third idea is mainly about .
A．the advantages of being alone
B．the importance of thinking
C．the advantages of behaving well
D．the importance of keeping healthy
39．Why do we drink hot water on a hot day
A．Because it brings heat to our bodies.
B．Because it is harmful to our bodies.
C．Because it makes our bodies strong.
D．Because it takes heat away from our bodies.
40．The writer of the passage wants to tell us that .
A．handwriting makes us smart
B．hot drinks can make us uncomfortable
C．being alone helps us know our friends better
D．sometimes unusual ideas about health are helpful
Have you ever been ill When you are ill，you must be unhappy because your body becomes hot，and there are pains all over your body. You don't want to work，you stay in bed，feeling very sad.
What makes us ill It is germs(细菌). Germs are everywhere. They are very small and you can't find them with your eyes，but you can see them with a microscope. They are very small and there could be hundreds of them on a very small thing. Germs are always found in dirty water. When we look at dirty water under the microscope，we shall see them in it. So your father and mother will not let you drink dirty water.
Germs aren't found only in water. They are found in air and dust. If you cut your finger，if some of the dust from the floor goes into the cut(伤口)，some of the germs would go into your finger. Your finger would become big and red，and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes the germs would go into all of your body，and you would have pain everywhere.
41．Which of the following is TRUE
A．If things are very small，they are germs.
B．If things can't be seen，they must be germs.
C．Germs are only in dirty water.
D．Germs are everywhere around us.
42．What is a microscope used for
A．Making very small things look much bigger.
B．Making very big things look much smaller.
C．Helping you read some newspapers.
D．Helping you if you can't see things clearly.
43．Why don't your parents let you drink dirty water
A．You haven't looked at it carefully. B．Water can't be drunk in this way.
C．There must be lots of germs in it. D．Water will make you ill.
44．Which of the following is NOT true
A．Germs can be found both in water and in the air.
B．Germs can go into your finger if it is cut.
C．If your temperature is not OK，there must be germs in your body.
D．If your finger isn't cut，there aren't any germs on it.
45．What's the main idea of the passage
A．Germs may make us ill. B．Germs are in dirty water.
C．Don't drink dirty water. D．Take care of your fingers.
Life comes in a package．This package includes happiness and sadness, failure and success, hope and despair．Life is a learning process．Experiences in life teach us new lessons and make us a better person．With each passing day we learn to deal with various situations．
Love plays a main role in our life．Love makes you feel wanted．Without love a person could become cruel．In the early stage of our life, our parents are the ones who show us with love and care．They teach us about what is right and wrong, good and bad．But we don’t always care about it．It is only after marriage and having kids that a person understands others’ feelings．
Happiness can bring people a peaceful mind．No mind is happy without peace．Sadness is the cause of the death of a loved one or the failure．But all of these things will pass away．
Failure is the path to success．It helps us to touch the sky, teaches us to survive and shows us a specific way．Success brings in money, pride and self-respect．
Hope is what keeps life going．Parents always hope their children will do well．Hope makes us dream．Hope builds in patience．Life teaches us not to despair even in the darkest hour, because after every night there is a day．
Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday, for it has passed and is out of our control．Tomorrow is unknown, for it could either be bright or dark．So the only choice is to work hard today, so that we will enjoy a better tomorrow．
46．We usually have to accept _______ if we want to be successful．
A．love B．failure C．sadness D．hope
47．In which section can readers probably read the passage
A．Business． B．Travel． C．Lifestyles． D．Education．
48．What does the word “despair” mean in Chinese
A．颓废 B．遗憾 C．悲伤 D．绝望
49．What’s the meaning of the last sentence of the whole passage
A．When choosing between “today” and “tomorrow”, you’d better enjoy tomorrow
B．If you work hard today, you’ll have a better life in the future．
C．What you can only choose is to work hard today rather than tomorrow．
D．The only choice you make is that you should enjoy a better tomorrow.
50．What’s the purpose of the passage
A．To encourage people to love each other．
B．To tell people how to deal with happiness and sadness．
C．To give readers some information about life．
D．To remind people to keep having a beautiful dream．
参考答案：
1．D 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．A
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“One January morning, Thomas Smith was walking his dog, Jack, in the park”可知这个故事发生在一个寒冷的一月份早晨，故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第一段“Mr Smith was sitting under a tree and Jack was running on the ice lake”可知狗在冰湖上奔跑时，史密斯先生正坐在一棵树下，故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据第二段““I must save my dog, ”said Mr Smith. He didn’t think much, and jumped into the cold water.”可知史密斯先生来不及多想就跳入冰冷的水中，从他的举动可以推断他很爱他的狗；故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据第三段“When we get out of the water everybody asks how Jack is, and nobody is worried about me! ” Mr Smith said with a smile”史密斯先生是带着微笑说说出人们的反应，说明他并不生气，所以A表述错误；根据第一段“Mr Smith was sitting under a tree and Jack was running on the ice lake”可知狗在湖冰面上玩时掉下去的，不是史密斯先生让它去的，所以B表述错误；根据第五段“But from now on, I must let Jack be away from the ice lake”让狗远离湖冰面，可知是下次不让狗在冰面上玩，所以C表述正确；根据第四段“Many people see it and they are shouting for help. But only Mr Smith jumps into the cold water to save it.”可知Julie Brown非常赞赏史密斯先生的救狗行为，所以D表述错误；故选C。
5．主旨大意题。文章前部分叙述史密斯先生勇救落入湖冰中的狗的故事，通过结尾点题Animals are our great friends. Can you do the same for them like Mr Smith，可知作者要告诉人们友好地对待动物，故选A。
6．C 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C
6．细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“In 2018, he won many prizes(奖)as one of the most popular Chinese singers.” 作为中国最受欢迎的歌手之一，2018年，他赢得了很多奖项。可知，华晨宇是一位著名的歌手。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据第二段中的句子“When he was 12 years old, he tried to write songs.”当他12岁时，他试着写歌。故选D。
8．推理判断题。“In 2013, he won Hunan TV station’s Super Boy singing competition(竞赛). …… It made everyone surprised and he became famous.”在2013年他赢得湖南电视台超级男孩歌唱比赛……使得每个人惊奇并且他变得很出名。可知，在2013年他很出名。故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据“For Hua, music is a way to show his feelings. He works hard as a singer, but he doesn’t think music is his life.”音乐是表达他感情的一种方式。作为一名歌手，他很努力，但是他不认为音乐就是他的生活。以及“But without it, I can still enjoy life”但是，没有它，我能仍然享受生活。可知，音乐不是他的全部，只是一种爱好，符合题意，故选A。
10．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍华晨宇，包括他成名前以及成名后。故选C。
11．D 12．B 13．C 14．C 15．B
11．细节理解题。根据第一段“Advertisements are everywhere, TV, newspapers, magazines and of course, on the Internet. Is advertisement really necessary Billions of dollars are spent on it every year”—— 可知传统的广告是花数十亿的钱在广告上；故选D。
12．细节理解题。根据第三段““Word-of-mouth advertising” happens when one person tells another about a good experience with a product or service.”——可知口头广告指向朋友推荐你喜欢的产品；故选B。
13．词义猜测题。，根据第四段“It’s much more believable to hear about a product from a family member or friend who has used it and liked it.” 从一个使用过它喜欢它的家庭成员或朋友那里听说一种产品更可信的，推断上文指广告者为自己的产品做广告是不可让人信服的，推断unconvincing的意思是“不可信的”，故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据文中给出的“口头广告”的句意“be prepared to talk about your company at any time. You never know who you will meet. Always carry business cards. Only say good things about your company.”——随时准备谈到的你的公司，总是带着名片；说自家公司的好；推断“口头广告要随时服务，提高产品质量”；故选C。
15．主旨大意题。文章向我们介绍了新的一种营销方式——口头广告；分析了口头广告的优势并对口头广告提出建议；故选B。
16．B 17．A 18．D 19．D 20．B
16．细节理解题。根据文中Chinese students spend the most time studying.可知，中国的学生们是学习最用功的。故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据文中South Korean students don’t like taking notes. About 70% said they write down what the teacher says in class, many fewer than in Japan(93%)可知，93%的日本人喜欢在上课做笔记。故选A。
18．细节理解题。根据文中About 45% of them said they sometimes doze off(打瞌睡) in class. In South Korea is 32%; in the US, 21%; and 5% in China.可知， 5%的中国学生上课睡觉。故选D。
19．细节理解题。根据文中Most American students go out with their friends可知，在闲暇时间美国的学生们出去和他们的朋友玩。故选D。
20．主旨大意题。根据第二段On April 8, a report came out on the lives of high school students in China, Japan, South Korea and the US，这是关于四个国家学生生活的报告。故选B。
21．B 22．C 23．C 24．D 25．A
21．细节题。根据文中第2-4段的每段开头第一句“Some family names come from the places of their homes. …Some family names come from a person's job. …And many people get their family names from their father's family names.”可知英国人通常从三个方面得到他们的姓，所以该选B。
22．细节题。根据第二段第3句“In England, people's names may be Wood, Lake because they live near the wood (树林) or the lake.”可知一个住在湖边的人她的姓可能是莱克，所以该选C。
23．细节题。根据第三段第2句“If a person is a cook, his family name may be Cook.”可知杰克的姓是库克，他的姓看来自一种工作，所以该选C。
24．细节题。根据第四段第2句“If you hear the name "Jackson", you can know that he is the son of Jack.”可知如果你听到这个名字“杰克逊”，你可以知道他是杰克的儿子。所以该选D。
25．主旨题。根据该文介绍了英国人姓氏的三种来源，故选A。
26．D 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．B
26．细节理解题。根据文中第一栏“Children who read this book show…”，第二栏“Children read it to improve …”以及第三栏中“Buy this book and help children ….”可知，这些书都是为儿童写的，故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据文中第二栏“Many pictures will help children understand it easily and quickly.”可知，图书里含有很多图片能够帮助孩子轻松快速地理解它。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据对“How to Use a Dictionary Picture Book for Children”这本书的描述“What the different marks in a dictionary mean.”可知，How to Use a Dictionary Picture Book for Children这本书告诉孩子们字典中不同符号的意思，故选D。
29．推理判断题。根据三本书的价格“$24.99”，“$38.50”，和“$35.00 ; What's more，you'll just pay 50% for it before May 1, 2020.”可知，如果在2020年5月1日买第三本书“How to Use a Dictionary Picture Book for Children $35.00”，会享受半价优惠，第三本书仅需要$17.5，所以买三本书一共需要$80.99，故选B。
30．主旨大意题。本文主要写的是三则帮助孩子学习的图书广告，很明显目的是为了出售图书。故选B。
31．C 32．A 33．A 34．D 35．B
31．细节理解题。根据文中“living in a “smart” city like this could happen sooner than you think.”可知，“智能”城市生活可能在不久的将来就会实现，故选C。
32．段落大意题。根据文中“Great changes have taken place in towns that we have lived in for centuries, while completely new cities are being built.”可知，我们生活了几个世纪的城市将发生巨大的变化，而全新的城市正在建设中，由此可以推断出，本段主要介绍的是将来的城市会是什么样子，故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据文中“The great mind behind Songdo is from the company Cisco.”可知，Songdo背后的伟大思想来自思科公司，故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据文中“so cities will need to be more modern to deal with the coming problems. Making cities smarter is one way out, and I think this will in turn make cities greener”可知，Dan Hill认为让城市变得更加智慧是解决城市未来问题的一种方式，故选D。
35．最佳标题题。根据整个文章的理解及文中“living in a “smart” city like this could happen sooner than you think.”可知，本文主要讲述的是未来的智能城市的生活情况，故选B。
36．B 37．C 38．A 39．D 40．D
36．细节理解题。根据短文第二段中After a long and tiring day of study, exercising might not sound like a good idea, but it should可知，经过一天漫长而累人的学习，锻炼听起来可能不是一个好主意，但它是有必要的，故应选B。
37．细节理解题。根据短文第三段中Although writing something using a computer is faster, it is much better to remember the whole thing by writing it down by hand可知，虽然用电脑写东西更快，但用手写下来更好地记住整个事情，由此可知应选C。
38．细节理解题。根据短文第四段中By sparing the time for yourself and just being alone for a while， you can have a chance to think and get to know yourself better通过为自己节省时间和自己独处一段时间，你可以有机会思考并更好地了解自己，这个建议说的是“独处的好处”，故应选A。
39．细节理解题。根据短文最后一段中The study shows that the hot water does make people feel cooler. When you are drinking something hot, the body will feel the change in temperature and increase the perspiration（流汗）, which helps you cool down!可知，研究表明，热水会让人感到凉爽。当你喝热的东西时，身体会感觉到温度的变化，并出汗变多，这有助于你降温！由此可知应选D。
40．主旨大意题。根据短文第一段People are always trying to live a healthy life. You might have read so much on this topic. The following ideas may sound strange, but they can really help you.可知，这篇短文给我们介绍的是一些如何保持健康的方法，这些方法听起来可能有点奇怪，但的确有帮助。D选项“关于健康的一些有帮助的、不寻常的想法”最符合文意，故选D。
41．D 42．A 43．C 44．D 45．A
41．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Germs are everywhere. ” 细菌无处不在。可知该选D。
42．细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“They are very small and you can’t find them with your eyes, but you can see them with a microscope(显微镜). ” 它们非常小，你用眼睛找不到它们，但你可以用显微镜看到它们。可知该选D。
43．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Germs are always found in dirty water. ” 脏水里总有细菌。故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据第四段开头“Germs aren’t found only in water . They are found in air and dust. If you cut your finger and some of the dust ( 灰尘 ) from the floor goes into the cut, some of the germs would go into your finger. ” 细菌并不只存在于水中。它们存在于空气和尘埃中。如果你划伤了你的手指，地板上一些灰尘就会进入伤口，一些细菌进入你的手指。不弄伤手指，就没有细菌是错误的。故选D。
45．主旨大意题。根据第二段开头“What makes us ill It is germs (细菌). ”细菌使你生病。故选A。
46．B 47．D 48．D 49．B 50．C
46．B细节理解题。根据短文第四段中Failure is the path to success.的这句话可知，失败是通往成功的路，故要想成功，就必须学会接受失败。故选B。A选项love 是爱；C选项是悲伤；D是希望。
47．D推理判断题。这个问题问的是我们可以在哪里读到这样的一篇短文，Ａ是商业；B是旅行；C是生活方式；Ｄ是教育。根据这篇短文的大意可知，这篇短文中作者告诉了我们一些人生的哲理，生活就像是一个包裹，这个包裹里有幸福和悲伤，有失败和成功，有希望和绝望。故这样的一篇短文和商业、旅行以及生活方式没有关系。故选D。
48．D词义猜测题。根据短文第一段中This package includes happiness and sadness, failure and success, hope and despair.的这句话，我们可以看出，这里的happiness 和sadness是一对反义词，failure 和success是一对反义词，故划线的这个词应该是hope的反义词，即绝望。故选D。
49．B细节理解题。细节理解题。这篇短文的最后一句话的意思是：因此我们唯一的选择是在今天努力工作，这样我们才能享受更加美好的明天。浏览四个选项的意思可知，B选项和原文这句话的意思最为接近。故选B。
50．C主旨大意题。这篇短文中作者告诉了我们一些人生的哲理，生活就像是一个包裹，这个包裹里有幸福和悲伤，有失败和成功，有希望和绝望。我们应该如何正确看待人生的这些东西，如何对待今天和明天。故作者在给我们一些关于人生的建议。故选C。