2023年山东省济南市中考一轮培优试题 人教版七年级下册 Units10-12（含答案）

中考一轮复习(人教版)培优试题 七(下) Units 10～12
一、完形填空
Food is important to people at all times. Food has__1__ its own culture in the historical development process. Different countries have different food cultures. Different people understand food __2__．
Chef Barton realized at a young age that food is a part of the human__3__. According to Barton, food is a __4__ of our culture. He __5__ in a very commercial neighborhood, where he learned about different cultures through food. Barton sees food as a way to connect __6__ people we know and people we don't know. Trying new foods can impact our relationship with people, and help us understand other __7__.
Sometimes, people, who have the same __8__ in food, get together to communicate with each other. After a long time, they __9__ friends. At the same time, the kind of communication also __10__ the variety(多样化) of foods.
Barton also sees__11____foods as the best choice. Choosing from what is produced nearby makes us try new things, not just buy according to __12__ taste. People __13__ try their best to make food healthier.
__14__ global farming and fishing offer a wide variety of foods in the supermarket, Barton wants us to avoid popular, overfished species, and instead try the “catch of the day.” We should get creative with what is available to create unique, __15__ meals. Barton cares about protecting the environment and species when choosing healthy food.
1. A. invented B. wrote C. flew D. formed
2. A. differently B. deeply C. meaningfully D. widely
3. A. experience B. future C. hobby D. meal
4. A. root B. window C. history D. reflection
5. A. waked up B. grew up C. put off D. found out
6. A. to B. for C. with D. about
7. A. facts B. cultures C. points D. results
8. A. surprise B.gift C. interest D. heart
9. A. touch B. wonder C. start D. become
10. A. reduce B. increase C. avoid D. cut
11. A. popular B. expensive C. local D. cheap
12. A. their B. your C. our D. her
13. A. should B. can C. must D. may
14. A. Although B. If C. When D. But
15. A. traditional B. healthy C. quick D. modern
二、阅读理解
A
Christmas was coming.There was a man in rags (衣衫褴褛) walking in a hurry on the road.You might think he was a beggar (乞讨者), but actually he was an artist.His name was Vincent Willem Van Gogh.With a painting he had just finished, the poor Vincent entered a painting store.
"Can you buy this painting to help me pay the rent (房租)？"Vincent asked in a low voice."I don't really like your painting, but it is said that you are hard—working and I want to help you, Here is five francs(法郎), "the storekeeper answered.
Although it was only five francs, Vincent was very happy.He took the money and said thanks, thinking that he could buy some food and pay the rent.
Near his home, Vincent saw a little girl in old clothes standing in the snow.
The girl smiled sadly at the artist asking for some help.Clearly, the girl was hungry and cold.
"Poor child!I should help her, " he thought.
Vincent put the five francs into the girl's hands, completely forgetting that he still needed money to pay the rent.Before the girl said thanks to him, Vincent had hurried away with his empty stomach.
16.The story happened in　 　.
A.spring B.summer C.autumn D.winter
17.Vincent Willem Van Gogh was a(n) 　 　.
A.beggar B artist C.farmer D.storekeeper
18.The storekeeper gave Vincent five francs because　 　.
A.he thought Vincent was a beggar B.he liked Vincent's painting very much
C.he wanted to help the hardworking man D.he wanted to make friends with Vincent
19.What did Vincent do to help the poor girl
A.He painted a picture for her. B.He paid the rent for the girl.
C.He bought her some food and clothes. D.He gave the girl five francs.
20.From the story, we know that Vincent was　 　.
A.kind B.rich C.famous D.creative
B
When you think of the Arctic (北极), you imagine an icy land of pure white snow. Others imagine it as the last really clean place left on earth. We have polluted the deepest oceans with plastic rubbish. “And now”, CNN says, “It’s the Arctic’s turn.”
German scientists have recently found microplastics in Arctic snow. Microplastics are pieces of plastic smaller than 5 millimeters. Sadly, the scientists found 1800 pieces of microplastics per liter of (每升) snow.
How is plastic pollution reaching the Arctic According to scientists, “It’s clear that most of the microplastics in the snow come from the air.” They fall off the plastic objects and are moved by the wind, just like dust. They mix with ice in the air and fall to the ground as snow. Finding these plastics in Arctic snow means that we may breathe them in.
Are they bad for us Scientists cannot answer this question for now, according to the WHO. We do know that our bodies cannot take in “large” pieces of microplastics. However, if the plastics are small enough, they can find ways into our bodies and stay there for a long time, which can be bad for our health. What’s more, earlier studies have shown that microplastics may contribute to lung cancer risk.
Microplastics have also been found in rivers and oceans around the world. Earlier research has found that they flow over long distances and into our oceans, hurting ecosystems along the way. They start in our wastewater, then flow into rivers and out to the sea, where they are eaten by sea animals. If people then eat these animals, it means that we’re eating the plastic as well.
21. We can learn from Paragraph 1 that________.
A. the Arctic is the last really clean place left on earth B. the Arctic is an icy land of pure white snow
C. the Arctic is a beautiful icy land with clean air D. the Arctic has been polluted by plastic rubbish
22. The underlined word “contribute” means “_______” in Chinese.
A. 增加 B. 捐献 C. 造成 D. 是……原因之一
23. Where do most of the microplastics in the snow come from
A. From water. B. From air. C. From wind. D. From food.
24. Which of the following isn’t true
A. We may breathe microplastics in Arctic. B. Microplastics may cause lung cancer.
C. We don’t have to mind microplastics right now. D. Microplastics have hurt ecosystems.
25. How does the writer end this passage
A. By advising us to drink clean water. B. By asking people not to eat sea animals.
C. By telling the seriousness of plastic pollution. D. By showing the beauty of Arctic.
C
Parents are often surprised at their children's ability to use technology. A five-year-old child may easily find and use apps on a smart phone. A ten-year-old child can move up through the levels of a video game easily. Their parents may think their children were born geniuses（天才）！
Natural geniuses, however, are not common. But your parents are right if they think you are smarter than them. Most children are born smarter than their parents. This has been proved（证明）on IQ tests around the world recently. These tests have shown that over the last 100 years, each new generation（一代人）has become smarter than the older ones. In other words, you are smarter than your parents and your parents are smarter than your grandparents.
This increase in intelligence is called the "Flynn Effect（效应）". It was named after James Flynn. Flynn is a university professor（教授）in New Zealand. He first noticed this in 1980. According to his research, with each new generation, average（平均的）IQ scores would increase by twenty percent.
But why are people getting smarter Flynn and many other researchers believe this has something to do with technology. New technologies have further developed our brains. They have made us think better. So we may be better at completing the missing parts of a puzzle than our parents.
But being smart doesn't make you wise. Wisdom（智慧）comes with age and experience. A high score on a computer game will not help you solve the everyday problems of life. For that, a smart kid will turn to the wisdom of his parents and grandparents.
26. How do parents often feel about their children’s ability to use technology
A. Surprised. B. Worried. C. Nervous. D. Embarrassed.
27. What has been proved on IQ tests around the world these days
A. Children easily use apps on smart phones. B. Most children play video games better than their parents.
C. Children are born with a high IQ. D. Most children are born smarter than their parents.
28. What caused the "Flynn Effect" according to the passage
A. Better education. B. New technologies. C. A better environment. D. New experiences.
29. The underlined word "puzzle" in the passage means ___________ in Chinese.
A. 拼图 B. 困境 C. 迷惑 D. 阻碍
30. The following facts are the "Flynn Effect" EXCEPT __________________.
A. A child may easily find apps on a smart phone
B. A child may be good at completing the missing parts of a puzzle
C. A high score on a video game won't help solve the problems in life
D. A ten-year-old child can move up through the levels of a video game easily
D
Many people dream of going on a challenging travel. Most of them keep dreaming; others make it happen. Gregg Bleakney dreamed of going bike riding from North America to South America after finishing a pleasant bike ride. So did Gregg's friend, Brooks Allen.
To pay for the trip, the two friends worked for years. When they were on the road, they often camped outdoors or stayed in cheap hotels. In many places, local people opened their homes to the two friends and gave them food.
During their trip, Gregg and Brooks rode through deserts, rainforests and mountains. They visited modern cities and ancient buildings. On the way they met other bicyclists from all over the world. Brooks had to return to the USA near the bottom of South America and Gregg continued without him. In May 2007, Gregg finally reached his goal. He traveled twelve countries and finished the 30,500-kilometer trip.
Gregg and Brooks kept a record of their trips in a blog. The trips taught both men a lot about traveling. Here is some of Gregg s advice:
Travel light. The less baggage(行李)you have, the less you'll worry about.
Be flexible. Don't plan everything. Always be ready for something unexpected. Then you'll be more relaxed and happy, even when there are challenges along the way.
Be polite. As one traveler told Gregg, "Always remember that nobody wants to fight or cheat a nice person."
Anything worth doing requires time, energy and action. There is no exception. If you hold on to your dream, you can make it like Gregg and Brooks and have fun while you're at it.
31. How did Gregg and Brooks travel from North America to South America
A. By bike. B. On foot. C. By bus. D. By car.
32. Why did the two friends work for years before their trip
A. Because they wanted to buy new cars. B. Because they wanted to get experience.
C. Because they wanted to make money for the trip. D. Because they wanted to make more friends.
33. What happened during the trip to South America
A. Gregg and Brooks often stayed in expensive hotels.
B. Brooks had to return to the USA when in North America.
C. Both Brooks and Gregg finished the 30,500-kilometer trip.
D. Gregg and Brooks met other bicyclists from all over the world.
34. What do the underlined words "Be flexible" mean in the passage
A. Be careful when you travel. B. Be worried about the baggage.
C. Be patient with other travelers. D. Be able to change to suit new situations.
35. What's the purpose of the writer in this passage
A. To introduce a country in South America. B. To help people learn to make a travel plan.
C. To encourage people to achieve their dreams. D. To show the friendship between the two bicyclists.
三、语法填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个恰当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
A gift is necessary when one is invited to visit friends in China. After greetings, the gift should __36__ (pass) to the host at once.
Remember that usually Chinese people will not open the gift in front of the person __37__ gives it. To show respect (尊敬), it may be necessary __38__ (explain) what the gift is. Bringing some tonics (补品) to the elders in the family is a good idea. You can also prepare some small gifts for the partner or kids of the host. The host usually makes full __39__ (prepare) by carefully tidying up the house and cooking a lot of delicious dishes. __40__ the meal is well prepared, the host may say to the guest politely, “Please excuse me for my poor treat.” __41__ a guest, you should make the host believe that there is plenty to eat by admiring the food.
While eating, the elders will use chopsticks to pick up food for guests as a __42__ (traditional) and ask them to eat more. You should accept their goodwill readily. But nowadays, the younger people do the traditional way __43__ (little).
After dinner, tea and fruit are usually served. When the guests want to leave, the host may still politely ask them to stay. They don’t have to take it __44__ (serious) and they can try to find a good time to leave. This doesn’t mean that ___45___ (leave) early is always a good idea as the host may feel that the guests are not satisfied with the treat. Finding the right time to leave depends on the situation.
四、阅读七选五
House fires cause many deaths each year and a large number of these fires are unfortunately set by children. 46.________ Kids must understand that they’d better not play with fire.
47.________ The main job of such an alarm is to protect you while you’re asleep. You should have a smoke alarm outside each bedroom and on each floor of your home.
A smoke alarm warns you of the danger. 48.________ Take action immediately. When you come to a closed door, check it with the back of your hand. If it feels hot, there may be smoke or fire behind the door, so take care. Once you are out of your house, call the fire department from a neighbor’s house.
49.________ Change the batteries at least once a year. You should use the test button each month to see if the alarm and batteries are still working.
About two out of three fire deaths happen in homes with no working smoke alarms. 50.________
A. It’s dangerous to play with fire.
B. Most of these deaths can be avoided.
C. The smoke alarm may be hard to buy.
D. So, it’s important to teach them that fire is not a toy.
E. But when you hear it, you don’t have much time.
F. A smoke alarm is only good if it’s working properly.
G. A smoke alarm reduces chances of being hurt in a fire.
参考答案
完形填空
DAADB CBCDB CCAAB
阅读理解
DBCDA DABCC ADBAC ACDDC
语法填空
be passed; who/that; to explain; preparations; Although; As; tradition; less; seriously; leaving
七选五
DGEFB