短文填空专项练—2023年初中英语中考二轮复习（含答案）

短文填空
阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。
“No, I won’t tell you anything about those geese（鹅）,” repeated Breckinridge. “Well, let’s ___1___（make）a bet,” said Holmes. “I bet you five pounds the geese came from a farm outside London.” “Ha, you are wrong,” said Breckinridge. “Actually the geese came from London.”
“I don’t believe you,” said Holmes.
“All right,” said Breckinridge. “Wait, I ___2___（show）you in a moment.”
He took out two large books and opened one of ___3___（they）. “This book contains a list of the people who sell me geese. The ___4___（name）in red ink are people who live in London. Read out the ___5___（three）one on the list.”
Holmes took the book and read, “Mrs Oakshott, 117 Brixton Road. This name ___6___（write）in red ink. So that means Mrs Oakshott lives in London.”
“Yes,” said Breckinridge. “Now look in the other book. It records the dates I bought the geese.”
Holmes read, “December 22nd, bought from Mrs Oakshott, 24 geese at 7 shillings each. Sold to Mr Windigate of the Alpha Inn.”
“See I was right,” said Breckinridge. “So I ___7___（win）the bet. Now give me my money.” ___8___（Silent）Holmes took out a gold coin and threw it down in front of Breckinridge. Then we left.
A few yards away, we stopped ___9___（laugh）loudly. “You are very clever! Holmes,” I said. “Breckinridge refused to tell us the ___10___（true）. So you made a bet with him…”
“Yes, Watson,” said Holmes. “Though I lost the bet, I found out what I wanted.”
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
It is said that the literary (文学的) ____11____ (art) of ancient China were inspired either by tea ____12____ by wine.
According to Lu Yu’s Tea Classics, tea-drinking in China can be traced (追溯) back to the Zhou Dynasty: tea ____13____ (discover) by Shennong and became popular as a drink in the State of Lu because of Zhou Gong.
Tea-drinking in China has a history of four thousand years. As the legend (传说) has it, Shennong tasted hundreds of wild plants to see ____14____ were poisonous (有毒的) so as to prevent people from ____15____ (eat) the poisonous plants. It is said that he was poisoned seventy-two times in one day ____16____ was saved by eating some leaves of ____17____ evergreen plant with white flowers. Later, people called the leaves that saved his life “cha”.
In modern times, people still keep tea-drinking as one of their daily activities. According to the study, tea can also have effects ____18____ some modern illnesses. To those who have to work with computers for a long time, drinking tea can help them to build up a wall against the computer radiation (辐射). To those who may have too much fat, drinking tea can help them to recreate a new balance in their bodies.
And to those ____19____ (age) people, drinking tea is also a good way _____20_____ (keep) a calm mood for a longer life.
What kind of stories do you love to read What about science fiction (科幻小说) that describe imaginary events and people Aliens and robots are c____21____ characters in science fiction. Lets take a look at one of the very first stories about science fiction.
On Jan 1, 1818, a novel by English writer Mary Shelleys c____22____ out. In the story, a crazy scientist c____23____ a monster (怪物) from dead body parts. The monster was 2.4 meters tall w____24____ yellow skin, watery eyes and a black mouth. The story was called Frankenstein, and is believed to be perhaps the first w____25____ of science fiction.
Frankenstein was the name of the scientist. The monster he made up had f____26____ like humans. He tried to find love from others, but his scary looks made people hate him. Driven mad by this cruelty (残忍), he grew to hate Frankenstein for creating him. He k____27____ the scientist’s friends; Frankenstein then died. The m____28____ idea of the story is that science can either save or kill us.
The novel has had a great influence upon literature and pop culture s____29____ it was published, especially horror stories and films. The most classic adaptation (改编) is the 1931 film Frankenstein. There are also plays, television shows, and comics based on the story. And e_____30_____ video games and toys use the character of the monster.
Correa and Disley went into their car after dinner in a restaurant on a dark night. Suddenly, a blue car with covered windows p____31____ by. “Yo!” Correa shouted, “That’s that car!”
Earlier that day, Disley had mentioned the news about a m____32____ young girl in their neighborhood. This car was just the same as the one used in her kidnapping (绑架). Correa decided to f____33____ this car. However, it immediately sped up after sensing the danger behind. But Correa wouldn’t lose it, so he pulled ahead, trying to stop it. Their car’s high beams (远光灯) flashed on the driver and Correa, and Disley could see him forcing a girl’s head down in the back, as if t____34____ to hide her. Then Disley crazily d____35____ this situation to the police operator. “It’s him!” she yelled into the phone, “The kidnapper!”
Confused, the operator asked, “The b____36____ one “Yes, it’s him!” To avoid an oncoming car, Correa had to step on the brake (刹车) hard. Their car then lost control and went off the road! Unluckily, that car quickly d____37____ in sight. But thanks to Disley’s directions, the policemen found out the kidnapper’s location, and set up a roadblock on the highway. Finally, the kidnapper was c____38____ and the girl was found in the back seat, s____39____ but safe. Later, Disley’s eyes were shining with e____40____ when hearing the good news, “The feeling of knowing she’s OK is really great!”
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或根据括号内单词的正确形式填空（1—3个单词）或根据音标填词。
After only two weeks in theaters, a movie, The Wandering Earth has earned over four billion yuan. It has set many records for the Chinese movie industry. ____41____ a big surprise that is! After ____42____, there hasn’t been that achievement for Chinese science fiction. Many agree that this movie will bring a new age for Chinese science fiction.
This movie is based on a novel by Liu Cixin, the world-famous science fiction writer. Liu sets a great background for the movie ____43____ (develop)around.
However, what really makes the movie excellent is ____44____ (it) “Chinese elements”. Just ____45____ (think) about the idea of the wandering earth. Many modern science fiction works discuss human moving to other planets. Very few have touched on moving the earth. The idea of “home” as a piece of land is very ____46____ / spe l/ to China. In Western cultures, often “home” ____47____ (connect) with just people.
These “Chinese elements” naturally draw attention of the Chinese. Westerners like them, ____48____, because they appear fresh. From the ____49____ (succeed) of The Wandering Earth, we know the way for us to achieve our dream isn’t to copy a popular Western work. Instead, we should try to be ____50____ (create) and tell a good Chinese story.
As we all know, Jiang Zemin was the former (以前的) chairman of the People’s Republic of China. Lots of Chinese think that he is ____51____ great man because he has made important contributions to China.
Jiang Zemin was ___52___ in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province on August 17, 1926. He joined the Communist Party of China ____53____ April, 1946. After his graduation from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1947, ____54____ worked in Shanghai Yimin Food Factory. During that time, he also took ____55____ in revolutionary (革命的) work. In 1956, he became an engineer in Changchun No. 1 Automobile Factory. In the following years, he has made ____56____ contributions to many industries of China, especially in the electronic industry.
In 1993, Jiang Zemin was _____57_____ to be the chairman of the People’s Republic of China. During these periods, he ____58____ many correct decisions to make China stronger than before.
However, he passed away at the ____59____ of 96. All in all, Chairman Jiang Zemin is so great ____60____ he will live in people’s hearts forever.
根据短文内容，在文中空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
No one can live without sleep. Experts believe that sleep is ____61____ food and water. Good health needs good sleep. Scientists have found that people who sleep for less than 6 hours and a half at night are more often ill than people ____62____ sleep for 8 hours.
How ____63____ hours do you sleep every night Most students have less than 8 hours of sleep every night. Some teachers complain that a few students feel sleepy or even fall asleep in class. These students can ____64____ concentrate(集中注意力）on their study.
Why are so many students short (缺少）of sleep Recently, a reporter did a survey in No. 21 Middle School. The result shows that there are two main ____65____ about this problem. One is that students have too much homework at night. Some students have to ____66____ up late to finish their homework till 11:00 p.m. The ____67____ reason is about the use of Internet. Some students are crazy about playing games on the phones.
Many parents worry about this problem. The Ministry of Education （教育部）has paid more attention ____68____ this problem and required that students in primary schools should ____69____ at least 10 hours a day, 9 hours for junior high and 8 hours for senior high. Schools are expected to give less homework to students ____70____ that they can have more time to sleep.
参考答案：
1．make 2．will show 3．them 4．names 5．third 6．was written 7．won 8．Silently 9．to laugh 10．truth
1．句意：让我们打一个赌吧。let sb do sth“让某人做某事”，此空应填动词原形，故填make。
2．句意：一会我展示给你看。根据in a moment可知，此处用一般将来时will do的结构，故填will show。
3．句意：他拿出两本大书，打开其中一本。of是介词，后接人称代词宾格，故填them。
4．句意：用红墨水写的是住在伦敦的人。根据are可知，此空应填名词复数形式，故填names。
5．句意：把名单上的第三个读出来。the后接序数词表示顺序，故填third。
6．句意：这个名字是用红墨水写的。主语name与动词write之间是被动关系，且名字被写是发生在过去，故此处用一般过去时被动语态，主语name是单数形式，助动词用was，故填was written。
7．句意：所以我会赢得这场赌局。根据“I was right”可知，此句也应用一般过去时，故填won。
8．句意：福尔摩斯默默地掏出一枚金币，扔在布雷肯里奇面前。此空修饰动词短语took out，应用副词，故填Silently。
9．句意：几码远的地方，我们停下来放声大笑。根据“we stopped…loudly”可知，是停下来大笑，用stop to do sth表示“停下来去做另一件事”，故填to laugh。
10．句意：布雷肯里奇拒绝告诉我们真相。the后应接名词，truth“真相”是名词，故填truth。
11．arts 12．or 13．was discovered 14．which 15．eating 16．but 17．an 18．on 19．aged 20．to keep
11．句意：据说，中国古代的文学艺术家不是受茶的启发就是受酒的启发。根据“were inspired”可知主语用复数，此处用art的变形artist的复数形式artists，literary artists“文学艺术家”。故填artists。
12．句意：据说，中国古代的文学艺术家不是受茶的启发就是受酒的启发。either ... or ...“不是……就是……”，固定搭配。故填or。
13．句意：根据陆羽的《茶经》，中国饮茶的历史可以追溯到周朝：茶是神农发现的，因为周公，茶在鲁国成为一种流行的饮品。主语“tea”与动词discover之间是动宾关系，结合“became”可知用一般过去时的被动语态，主语“tea”是不可数名词，其后用be动词was，discover的过去分词形式为discovered。故填was discovered。
14．句意：传说中，为了防止人们食用有毒的植物，神农品尝了数百种野生植物，看哪些是有毒的。根据“to see ... were poisonous”可知此处是宾语从句，结合“Shennong tasted hundreds of wild plants”可知此处指来分辨哪些植物是有毒的，用which引导宾语从句。故填which。
15．句意：传说中，为了防止人们食用有毒的植物，神农品尝了数百种野生植物，看哪些是有毒的。介词from后接eat的动名词形式eating。故填eating。
16．句意：据说，他在一天内中毒了72次，但吃了一种有白花的常绿植物的叶子才得救。空前讲“一天内中毒了72次”，空后讲“被救了”，句意出现转折，用but表示“但是”。故填but。
17．句意：据说，他在一天内中毒了72次，但吃了一种有白花的常绿植物的叶子才得救。此处泛指“一种常绿植物”，evergreen以元音音素开头，其前用不定冠词an。故填an。
18．句意：根据这项研究，茶对一些现代疾病也有疗效。have effects on sth.“对某物有影响”。故填on。
19．句意：对于那些上了年纪的人来说，喝茶也是保持平静心情、延年益寿的好方法。根据“those ... (age) people”可知此处缺少定语，aged“年迈的”，符合语境。故填aged。
20．句意：对于那些上了年纪的人来说，喝茶也是保持平静心情、延年益寿的好方法。a good way to do sth.“做某事的好方法”，此处用动词不定式to keep作后置定语。故填to keep。
21．(c)ommon 22．(c)ame 23．(c)reated 24．(w)ith 25．(w)ork 26．(f)eelings 27．(k)illed 28．(m)ain 29．(s)ince 30．(e)ven
21．句意：外星人和机器人是科幻小说中常见的角色。根据“Aliens and robots”及常识可知外星人和机器人在科幻小说中很常见，结合首字母c可知用common表示“常见的”，形容词在句中作定语。故填(c)ommon。
22．句意：1818年1月1日，英国作家玛丽·雪莱的小说出版了。根据“On Jan 1, 1818, a novel by English writer Mary Shelleys c... out.”可知此处用come out表示“出版”，是固定搭配；时间是过去时间，用一般过去时，come的过去式是came。故填(c)ame。
23．句意：在这个故事里，一个疯狂的科学家用死尸创造了一个怪物。根据“a monster from dead body parts”可知怪物从无到有，是科学家创造的，结合首字母可知用create表示“创造”；根据“The monster was 2.4 meters tall ...”可知用一般过去时介绍这个故事，create的过去式是created。故填(c)reated。
24．句意：这个怪物有2.4米高，黄皮肤，水汪汪的眼睛和黑色的嘴巴。根据“yellow skin, watery eyes and a black mouth”可知此处指怪物具有的特征，结合首字母w可知用with表示“具有”。故填(w)ith。
25．句意：这个故事被称为《弗兰肯斯坦》，被认为可能是第一部科幻小说。根据“the first w... of science fiction”可推出此处指科幻小说的第一步作品，用work表示“作品”，序数词后接可数名词单数。故填(w)ork。
26．句意：他创造的怪物和人类一样有感情。根据“He tried to find love from others”可知怪物想要寻求爱，由此推出和人类一样有感情，结合首字母f可知用feelings表示“情感”，只以复数形式出现。故填(f)eelings。
27．句意：他杀死了这个科学家的朋友。根据“science can either save or kill us”及首字母k可知推断此处讲啥了科学家的朋友们，用一般过去时讲述故事，kill的过去式是killed。故填(k)illed。
28．句意：这个故事的主要观点是，科学可以拯救我们，也可以杀死我们。上文小说中的故事说明了科学可以拯救我们，也可以杀死我们，由此可知此处指故事的主要观点，结合首字母m可知用main表示“主要的”。故填(m)ain。
29．句意：这部小说自出版以来，对文学和流行文化，尤其是恐怖故事和电影，产生了巨大的影响。根据“The novel has had a great influence upon literature and pop culture”可推出对文学和文化的影响是小说出版以来发生的事情，主句用现在完成时，结合首字母s可知用since表示“自从……以来”，引导时间状语从句。故填(s)ince。
30．句意：甚至电子游戏和玩具也使用了怪兽的角色。空后“video games and toys use the character of the monster”讲这一怪兽角色一些令人意外的使用范围，结合首字母e可知用even表示强调。故填(e)ven。
31．(p)assed 32．(m)issing 33．(f)ollow 34．(t)rying 35．(d)escribed 36．(b)lue 37．(d)isappeared 38．(c)aught 39．(s)cared 40．(e)xcitement
31．句意：突然，一辆蓝色的车开了过去，车窗被遮住了。根据“Correa and Disley went into their car after dinner in a restaurant on a dark night.”可知此处指一辆蓝色的汽车从旁边经过，pass by“经过”；结合“went”可知用一般过去时，pass的过去式passed。故填(p)assed。
32．句意：那天早些时候，Disley提到了他们家附近有个小女孩失踪的消息。根据“This car was just the same as the one used in her kidnapping.”可知女孩被绑架，失踪了，missing“失踪的”，形容词作定语。故填(m)issing。
33．句意：Correa决定跟踪这辆车。根据“But Correa wouldn’t lose it, so he pulled ahead, trying to stop it.”可知是决定跟着这辆汽车，follow“跟着”；decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。故填(f)ollow。
34．句意：他们车的远光灯照在了司机和Correa身上，Disley可以看到他把一个女孩的头往下推，好像想把她藏起来。根据“Disley could see him forcing a girl’s head down in the back”可知把女孩的头往下按，试图把她藏起来，try to do sth.“试图做某事”，as if从句省略主语及系动词，此处用try的现在分词形式trying。(t)rying。
35．句意：然后，Disley疯狂地向警察描述了这一情况。根据“this situation to the police operator”可知是向警察描述情况，describe“描述”；结合“yelled”可知用一般过去时，此处用过去式described。故填(d)escribed。
36．句意：蓝色的那辆吗？根据“Suddenly, a blue car with covered windows p... by.”可知问是不是那辆蓝色的汽车，blue“蓝色的”，形容词作定语。故填(b)lue。
37．句意：不幸的是，那辆车很快就不见了。根据“Unluckily”可推出那辆车消失不见了，disappear“消失”；结合“found out”可知用一般过去时，disappear的过去式disappeared。故填(d)isappeared。
38．句意：最后，绑匪被抓住了，女孩在后座被找到，虽然很害怕，但很安全。根据“the girl was found in the back seat”可知绑匪被抓了，catch“抓住”；此处表示被抓住，was后接catch的过去分词形式caught。故填(c)aught。
39．句意：最后，绑匪被抓住了，女孩在后座被找到，虽然很害怕，但很安全。根据“This car was just the same as the one used in her kidnapping.”可知女孩被绑架了，应是害怕的，scared“害怕的”，与safe并列。故填(s)cared。
40．句意：后来，听到这个好消息，Disley的眼睛里闪着兴奋的光芒：“知道她没事的感觉真是太棒了！”根据“when hearing the good news”可知听到好消息，眼里闪着兴奋的光芒，excitement“兴奋”。故填(e)xcitement。
41．What 42．all 43．to develop 44．its 45．think 46．special 47．is connected 48．too 49．success 50．creative
41．句意：那是一个多么大的惊喜啊！根据标点符合可知，此处是感叹句，根据“a big surprise”可知，此处使用what引导感叹句，句型：what+a/ab+形容词+可数名词+其他。故填What。
42．句意：毕竟，中国科幻小说还没有取得这样的成就。根据“there hasn’t been that achievement for Chinese science fiction”可知，此处使用all，after all毕竟。故填all。
43．句意：刘为这部电影的发展提供了很好的背景。根据“Liu sets a great background for the movie”可知，此处用动词不定式作目的状语，目的是让这部电影发展。故填to develop。
44．句意：然而，真正让这部电影优秀的是它的“中国元素”。it是人称代词，Chinese elements是名词短语，前面应使用it的形容词性物主代词its，意为“它的”。故填its。
45．句意：想想流浪地球这个想法吧。分析句子可知，此处使用动词原形，构成祈使句，结构为“动词原形+其他”。故填think。
46．句意：“家”是一片土地的这种想法对于中国是很特别的。根据音标可知，此处使用special，意为“特别的”。故填special。
47．句意：在西方文化中，“家”经常只是与人们联系在一起。connect是动词，home与connect with之间是被动关系，即：家和人们被联系在一起，结合often可知，句中时态为一般现在时，所以使用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为be done，home是第三人称单数，be动词使用is，动词connect的过去分词是connected。故填is connected。
48．句意：西方人也喜欢它们，因为它们看起来很新颖。根据“because they appear fresh”可知，中国元素看起来很新颖，所以西方人也喜欢这部电影，分析句式结构可知，此处使用too，意为“也”。故填too。
49．句意：从《流浪地球》的成功中，我们知道实现梦想的方法并不是模仿西方流行作品。the和of中间使用名词，succeed是动词，其名词形式为success，意为“成功”。故填success。
50．句意：相反，我们应该努力变得有创造性，并且讲一个好的中国故事。be后接形容词作表语，create是动词，其形容词为creative，意为“有创造力的”。故填creative。
51．a 52．born 53．in 54．he 55．part 56．great 57．chosen 58．made 59．age 60．that
51．句意：许多中国人认为他是一个伟大的人，因为他对中国做出了重要贡献。根据“he is ... great man”可知，此处表示泛指一位伟人，且great是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此用不定冠词a。故填a。
52．句意：江泽民于1926年8月17日出生在江苏扬州。be born in“出生于……”，固定短语。故填born。
53．句意：他于1946年4月加入中国共产党。根据“April, 1946.”可知，在月份前应用时间介词in。故填in。
54．句意：1947年上海交通大学毕业后，他在上海益民食品厂工作。句子缺少主语，应用主格代词he代指江泽民。故填he。
55．句意：在此期间，他还参加了革命工作。take part in“参加”，固定短语。故填part。
56．句意：在随后的几年里，他为中国的许多行业做出了巨大的贡献，特别是在电子行业。根据“he has made ... contributions”可知，此处是指他作出了巨大的贡献，great“极大的”，形容词作定语。故填great。
57．句意：1993年，江泽民被选为中华人民共和国主席。根据“Jiang Zemin was ... to be the chairman”可知，此处是指被选为主席，此处用过去分词chosen“选择”与was一起构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填chosen。
58．句意：在这期间，他做出了许多正确的决定，使中国比以前更强大。make decisions“做决定”，动词短语，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式made。故填made。
59．句意：然而，他在96岁时去世了。at the age of“在……岁时”，固定短语。故填age。
60．句意：总之，江泽民主席是非常伟大的，他将永远活在人们的心中。根据“Chairman Jiang Zemin is so great ... he will live in people’s hearts forever.”可知，此处为so...that...“如此……以至于……”。故填that。
61．like 62．who 63．many 64．not##hardly 65．reasons 66．stay 67．other 68．to 69．sleep 70．so
61．句意：专家认为，睡眠就像食物和水。根据“No one can live without sleep.”可知，睡眠像食物和水一样重要，be like“像”，故填like。
62．句意：科学家发现，晚上睡眠少于6个半小时的人比睡眠8个小时的人更容易生病。本句是定语从句，先行词是people指人，引导词在从句中作主语，故填who。
63．句意：你每晚睡几个小时？根据“Most students have less than 8 hours of sleep every night.”可知，此处对数量提问，hours是可数名词复数，how many多少，故填many。
64．句意：这些学生不能集中精力学习。根据“Some teachers complain that a few students feel sleepy or even fall asleep in class.”可知，学生不能集中，用not/hardly表示否定，故填not/hardly。
65．句意：结果表明，造成这一问题的主要原因有两个。根据“Why are so many students short (缺少）of sleep ”可知，此处表示“原因”，可用reason表示，此前有two修饰，使用名词复数，故填reasons。
66．句意：有些学生不得不熬夜直到晚上11点才完成作业。stay up late“熬夜很晚”，用于have to do sth短语中，使用动词原形，故填stay。
67．句意：另一个原因是关于互联网的使用。根据“The result shows that there are two main…”可知，是两个原因，one…the other…“一个……另一个……”，故填other。
68．句意：教育部已经对这个问题给予了更多的关注，要求小学生每天至少睡10小时，初中9小时，高中8小时。pay attention to“关注，注意”，故填to。
69．句意：教育部已经对这个问题给予了更多的关注，要求小学生每天至少睡10小时，初中生9小时，高中生8小时。根据“students in primary schools should…at least 10 hours a day”可知，此处表示“睡觉”，可用sleep表示，should后加动词原形，故填sleep。
70．句意：学校希望给学生少布置作业，这样他们就可以有更多的时间睡觉。“they can have more time to sleep”是目的，so that“以便，为了”，故填so。