2023年中考英语语法专项-—简单句和主谓一致课件【可与书籍ID175596配套使用】

(共20张PPT)
2023年中考语法专项训练
初中总复习优化设计合页卷
（简单句和主谓一致讲解）
简单句
1.Across from my home, a shop which sells things from foreign countries.
A.it is B.it has C.there is D.that is
2.— brave Zhang Hua is!
—Yes.He helped his neighbor Mrs.Sun out of the fire.
A.What a B.How C.How a D.What
3.—You come from England,don't you — .How do you know that
A.No,I do B.No,I don't C.Yes,I am D.Yes,I do
题干的含义：在我家对面，有一家出售来自外国商品的商店，考查there be句型。
What + (a / an) + adj. + 名词短语 + 其他！ How + adj. / adv. + 主谓 + 其他！
反义疑问句的回答同一般疑问句的回答一样，yes, + 肯定； No, + 否定
4.Jim never goes to the movies on Saturdays,
A.does Jim B.doesn't Jim C.doesn't he D.does he
5.—Sorry I'm late.— tell me the bus broke down again!
A.Never to B.Not C.Don't D.No
6.— interesting speech Mr.Zhang has given us!
—Yes.His pronunciation is good,too.
A.How B.What C.What an D.How an
祈使句一律使用动词原形，否定祈使句一律在句首加Don’t
反意疑问句的结构：陈述句 ，简短问句 陈肯问否；陈否问肯 nerver 从不，绝不表否定
What + (a / an) + adj. + 名词短语 + 其他！ How + adj. / adv. + 主谓 + 其他！
7.— any students in the classroom when the earthquake happened
—Yes,but they have been saved.
A.There were B.Was there C.There are D.Were there
8.There is little milk in the glass，
A.is there B.isn't there C.isn't it D.does it
9.They came here to have a meeting on time,
A.didn't they B.did they C.don't they D.do they
反意疑问句的结构：陈述句 ，简短问句 陈肯问否；陈否问肯 little 几乎没有表否定
1.答句“yes”说明问句为一般疑问句；2. 问句含义：当地震发生时，教室里有学生么？
反意疑问句的结构：陈述句 ，简短问句 陈肯问否；陈否问肯
10. here and don't go around,or your parents can't find you.
A.To stay B.Stayed C.Stay D.Staying
11. play with fire. with fire is dangerous.
A.Don't;Playing B.Not;Playing C.Don't;Play D.Not to;To play
12.Few of the students passed the math exam on Tuesday,
A.did they B.don't they C.didn't they D.do they
祈使句一律使用动词原形，否定祈使句一律在句首加Don’t
祈使句一律使用动词原形，否定祈使句一律在句首加Don’t
2.做某事... 可以用句型“To do... / Doing ... + be + adj.”
反意疑问句的结构：陈述句 ，简短问句 陈肯问否；陈否问肯 few 几乎没有,表否定
13.— can we board our plane —In twenty minutes.
A.How soon B.How long C.How often D.How far
14.—Must I wash my clothes now,Dad
—No,you .You can do it after the talk show.
A.mustn't B.shouldn't C.wouldn't D.needn't
15.—She doesn't like geography,does she
— .She became interested in it when she was a young child.
A.Yes,she does B.Yes,she doesn't
C.No,she does D.No,she doesn't
由must开启的一般疑问句的否定回答，don’t/doesn’t/didn’t have to或needn’t
还需要多长时间 多长；多长时间 多久一次 多远，问距离
in + 一段时间 for + 一段时间 once / twice a...
反意疑问句的回答不能用“Yes,she doesn’t”或“No,she does”的形式;
由“她很小就对它感兴趣”判断选肯定回答。
16.— terrible mess you have made!
—Sorry,Mum.I will clear it up right now.
A.What a B.What C.How
17. weather it is today!Let's go out for a walk.
A.How fine B.What fine C.What a fine D.How a fine
18.—Who's that girl — —The one behind the tree.
A.Whose one B.Who's that one
C.Which one D.Where's the one
What + (a / an) + adj. + 名词短语 + 其他！ How + adj. / adv. + 主谓 + 其他！
What + (a / an) + adj. + 名词短语 + 其他！ How + adj. / adv. + 主谓 + 其他！ waether不可数
由答语“树后面的那个”判断用which提问“哪一个”。
19.— will it take you to get to the post office —About half an hour.
A.How old B.How long C.How soon D.How often
20.—Don't smoke here,please.— .
A.I don't B.Sorry,I won't C.No way D.I will
21. is the population of China
A.How much B.How many C.How long D.What
多长；多长时间 还需要多长时间 多久一次
for + 一段时间 in + 一段时间 once / twice a...
对于别人对我们所犯错误的善意提醒，我们应该表达我们歉意。
询问价格、人口数量是不宜使用How many/ How much
问价格：What’s the price of ... 问人口数量：What’s the population of...
22.— good advice! —I agree with you.We are sure to learn something.
A.What B.How C.What a D.How a
23.—Put some chicken on a slice of bread and add a teaspoon of butter.What else
—Next some tomatoes.
A.cut up B.cuts up C.to cut up D.cutting up
24.—They haven't paid for their tickets,have they
— .They didn't pay any money.
A.Yes,they have B.No,they haven't C.Yes,they haven't D.No,they have
What + (a / an) + adj. + 名词短语 + 其他！ How + adj. / adv. + 主谓 + 其他！ advice不可数
祈使句一律使用动词原形，否定祈使句一律在句首加Don’t
25.We'd better stay at home on such a rainy day,
A.do we B.don't we C.had we D.hadn't we
26.—Sorry for being late again.
— here on time next time,or you'll be punished.
A.Be B.Being C.To be D.Been
27.I don't think he's fit for this job,
A.is he B.isn't he C.do I D.don't I
当陈述部分含有had better时,反意疑问句部分用“hadn’t+主语”。
祈使句一律使用动词原形，否定祈使句一律在句首加Don’t
当主句是I don’t think时，后半部分与从句的主语和谓语一致
28.Nothing is wrong with your bike,
A.isn't it B.is it C.is nothing D.isn't anything
29.—Alice,do you like my kite — !It's the nice stone I've ever seen!
A.What wonderful B.How wonderful kite
C.How wonderful D.What wonderful kite
30.—Are you going to borrow a pen or a pencil — ！
A.A pen B.Yes,a pen C.No,pencil D.Yes,both
反意疑问句的结构：陈述句 ，简短问句 陈肯问否；陈否问肯 nothing 没有,表否定
What + (a / an) + adj. + 名词短语 + 其他！ How + adj. / adv. + 主谓 + 其他！
题干为选择疑问句，其回答需要在or前后作出选择性回答
1.Look!Jack and his monkey flying disk together in the garden now.
A.is playing B.was playing C.are playing D.were playing
2.The news very interesting!Tell me more!
A.is B.are C.were D.being
3.There some milk and two eggs on the table.
A.is B.are C.has D.have
Look! Listen! Be careful! Look ou! 等提示行词常与现在进行时相对应。
主谓—致
news 新闻，不可数名词，不可数名词作主语当第三人称单数看待。
There be 在某地/某时有... be 动词的判断根据就近原则，milk为不可数名词
4.This pair of pants mine.Yours may on the bed.
A.is;be B.are;be C.are;are D.is;is
5.Every man and every woman at work.
A.be B.are C.is D.am
6.The summer holidays are coming,so the twins as well as Jack to Yunnan for vacation.
A.is going B.are going C.goes D.go
this pair为单数； may / can / should 等情态动词后用动词原形
every强调的是每一个，主语为第三人称单数
as well as连接两个并列成分作主语时，句子的谓语动词应该与前面那个名词或代词的人称或数保持一致。
7.There three bottles of wine on the table.
A.is B.are C.has D.have
8.—I called you at 5：00 yesterday afternoon,but no one answered.
—Sorry,I with my parents at that time.
A.was shopping B.were shopping C.are shopping D.went shopping
9.Everyone except Tom and John seen the film.
A.is B.has C.are D.have
困倦，疲倦； 焦虑，担忧； 兴奋，激动； 轻松，惬意
1.at that time 指的是昨天下午5:00，对应过去进行时； 2.with连接的两主语，句子的谓语动词应该与前面那个名词或代词的人称或数保持一致。
1.with连接的两主语，句子的谓语动词应该与前面那个名词或代词的人称或数保持一致。
2.句中seen为see的过去分词形式，have / had / had + done be + done(被...)
10.Both Jim and Kate in Beijing now.They both from America，
A.is;come B.are;come C.is;comes D.are;comes
11.Either Sam or Jane TV now.
A.were watching B.are watching C.is watching D.was watching
12.How many girls are there in your class — them over twenty.
A.A number of;are B.The number of;are
C.A number of;is D.The number of;is
the number of 意为“...的数量”，作主语时当单数看待；
a number of 意为“许多，大量”，作主语时当复数看待
both ... and... 连接的并列主语当复数看待。
either ...or... 连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数根据就近原则（or后）确定
13.—How much the pair of shoes —Twenty dollars enough.
A.is;is B.is;are C.are;is D.are;are
14.—Which would you like，tea or coffee
—Either OK,but I prefer coffee milk.
A.is;has B.are;with C.is;with D.are;has
15.One or two friends coming to visit me tonight.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
1. the pair of shoes意为“这一双鞋子”，重点在强调“一双”，当单数看待；
2.复数名词表示时间、长度、重量、价格。距离等意义时，通常被当做一个整体，谓语动词用单数
1.either意为“两个中的一个”，谓语当单数看待；
2.with 意为“和... / 带有、具有...特点”
or连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数根据就近原则（or后）确定
16.We know that doing exercise good for our health.
A.be B.am C.is D.are
17.Not only my friends but also I interested in football and Messi is our favorite star.
A.be B.am C.is D.are
18.What I want to say that we should concentrate on our study.
A.be B.is C.are D.am
句中 doing exercise 表达的锻炼这一件事情，当单数看待
句意为“我想要说的是我们应该将注意力集中到我们的学业上”这一件事上，当单数看待
Not only ... but also... 连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数根据就近原则（but alos后的主语）确定
19.One of the women from America.
A.is B.are C.has D.being
20.—What do you think of the talent show of last weekend
—Wonderful!There a large number of people there.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
21.Tom with other boys to go and a game.
A.want;watch B.wants;watches C.wants;watch D.want;to watch
one of + 复数名词 / 表复指的代词，意为“...中的一个”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
1.句中 a number of people 意为“许多人”；2.问句中 last weekend,强调的是过去的时间
1.with连接的两主语，句子的谓语动词应该与前面那个名词或代词的人称或数保持一致。
2.题干的含义“Tom 和其他男孩们像去看一场比赛”，watch a game 应该理解为想要做的事情
22.Nobody except Tom and Mary in the classroom.The other students are watching the basketball game on the playground now.
A.am B.is C.are D.be
23.Neither Alan nor I interested in the project.
A.is B.am C.are D.be
24.The shoes mine.This pair of shoes my brother's.
A.are;is B.is;are C.are;are D.are;am
the shoes意为“这些鞋子”，当复数看待； this pair of shoes意为“这一双鞋子”，重点在强调“一双”，当单数看待。
Neither ...nor... 连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数根据就近原则（nor后）确定
1.except连接两个并列成分作主语时，句子的谓语动词应该与前面那个名词或代词的人称或数保持一致。
2.nobody / someone / everything等做主语时，谓语动词当单数看待。
25.—Two months quite a long time.
—Yes.I'm afraid that Tony will miss a lot of lessons.
A.is B.has been C.was D.were
复数名词表示时间、长度、重量、价格。距离等意义时，通常被当做一个整体，谓语动词用单数