人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册 学案Unit5 Poems 易混易错点辨析（含答案）
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【名师原创】：Unit5 易混易错点辨析
●compare…with….; compare….to….；compare A and B
【教材原句】
Compared with other forms of literature such as the novel, drama, and the short story, what are the characteristics of poetry (教材P50)
【辨析】
两者都有“把…..和…..比较/相比”的意思，但有一定区别。
compare….with…. 意思是“把…..与…..比较/相比”, 指研判人与人之间、事物与事物之间相同或相异的程度, compare 的名词是comparison, 请注意以下词组：
compare notes with sb. 与某人交换意见。
by/in comparison with、to….与….相比
compare…. to….. 意思是①把…..与…..比较/相比，此时，可与compare …. With…. 互换。②把…..比作/比喻为…..，表示这一意思时，不可与compare ….. with…. 互换。
compare A and B 意思是“对比A和B”
【例句呈现】
Compare this to/with that, and you’ll see which is better.
把这个和那个相比，你就能看出哪个更好。
Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, compared to/with his old one.
与迈克的旧房子比起来，他的新房子像个大宫殿。
Nothing can compare with/to a mother’s love.
没有什么能与母爱相比。
This house doesn’t compare with/to our previous one.
这房子不如我们以前的房子。
Please compare your translation with/to the model translation on the blackboard.
请把你们的翻译和黑板上的翻译例子相比较。
We compared the brave man to a lion.
我们把勇敢的人比作雄狮。
Young people are often compared to the rising sun.
年轻人常被比作冉冉升起的太阳。
We often compare a teacher to a candle．
我们常把老师比喻成蜡烛。
Poets have compared sleep to death.
诗人将睡眠比作死。
Books can be compared to friends.
书可以比喻为朋友。
It’s easier to compare British and American English now that we have the Internet.
有了互联网，我们就更容易比较英式英语和美式英语了。
【考点过关】
根据compare的用法填空
1. Film has a much shorter history, especially when ________ (compare) to such art forms as music and painting.
2. You’ll be compared _______ a giant when you devote yourself to country.
3. Our work can be compared _______ a battle.
4. The boy always compared his toys ________ other boys’ toys.
5. Shakespeare compared the world ______ a stage.
6. _______ with other years, we received many more photos.
7. I intended to compare notes _______ a friend, but unfortunately they couldn’t spare me even one minute.
8. _______ with silk, cotton is cheap.
9. By/In comparison ________ last year, the price of beef has increased.
10. Worst of all, I get a larger quantity of homework, _________ to them.
【参考答案】
1. compared; 2. to; 3. to; 4. with/to; 5. to; 6. Compared; 7. with; 8. Compared; 9. with/to; pared
●contain; include
【教材原句】
One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”, which contains a list of things, people, ideas, or descriptions that develop a particular theme. (教材P50)
It has a format of three lines, containing 5, 7, and 5 syllables respectively. (教材P51)
【辨析】
两者都有“包含”的意思，但有一定区别。
contain 表示“包含，含有，装有，容纳”，强调“内含（….成分），装有（….东西）”。
include 表示“包括，包含，包括….在内”，强调被包括者是整体的一部分。include后面接名词，代词或动名词；被包括部分放在include 后面时，include 用-ing形式，放在前面时，include 用-ed形式
【例句呈现】
Your duties will include setting up a new computer system.
你的职责将包括建立一个新的计算机系统.
I've got three days' holiday including New Year's Day.
包括元旦在内我有三天假。
The movie won nine Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
这部电影荣获九项奥斯卡金像奖，包括最佳影片奖。
Hotel accommodation is included in the price of your holiday.
你度假的价款包括旅馆住宿在内。
Six people were killed in the riot, including a policeman.
暴乱中有六人死亡，包括一名警察。
We all went, me included.
我们都去了，连我在内。
The committee includes representatives from industry.
这个委员会包括产业界的代表。
Local activities include walking, boating and golf.
当地的活动包括散步、划船以及打高尔夫球。
The box contains old photographs and souvenirs.
那盒子里放有旧照片和纪念品。
It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.
它含有一种可以防止蚊虫叮咬的强效药物。
The bottle contains two glasses of beer.
这瓶子可装两杯啤酒。
The pill contains vitamins.
这药丸中含有多种维生素。
【考点过关】
根据include, contain 的用法用其适当形式填空
1. It was found that her blood _______ poison.
2. The city has dozens of factories, _______ a power plant and a steelworks.
3. This drink doesn't ________ any alcohol.
4. Six students were playing table tennis, two girls ________.
5. Their diet ________ a lot of fat at present.
6. I ________ apples on the list of things to buy today.
7. How much water does this bottle ________
8. We all know that this book _________ ten short stories.
9. Sea water _________ plenty of salt.
10. My uncle has a lot of duties, _________ taking care of these children.
【参考答案】
1. contained; 2. including; 3. contain; 4. included; 5. contains; 6. include; 7. contain; 8. includes; 9. contains; 10. including
●be made up of….;be made of….; be made from….; be comprised of….
【教材原句】
Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain, which is made up of five lines. (教材P51)
【辨析】
be made up of…. 意思是“由….组成/构成”，表示由若干部分组成，相当于consist of… 和be comprised of…
be made of…. 意思是“由….做成”，一般所成之物可以看出原材料。
be made from… 意思是“由….制成”，所成之物一般看不出原材料。
be comprised of….相当于be made up of… 和consist of…..
【例句呈现】
The pipes should be made of plastic.
这些管子应该是用塑料制作的。
These houses are made of bricks.
这些房屋是砖造的。
The wine is made from grapes.
酒是用葡萄酿的。
Butter is made from milk.
奶油是用牛奶做的。
The fruit can be made into jam.
这种水果可以制成果酱。
Her bestseller 'Peachtree Road' is soon to be made into a television mini-series.
她的畅销小说《桃树路》不久将被拍成一部电视系列短剧。
The new R& D centre will be made up of both new and existing staff.
这家新研发中心所需的人手将来自新招募的员工和现有员工。
Plato conjectured each of these elements to be made up of a certain Platonic solid.
柏拉图推测每一种元素都是由某些理想立方体组成。
As with the first two seasons, the third will most likely be comprised of 10 parts, which will bring its overall count to 30.
和前两季一样，第三季很可能由10集组成，总集数将达到30集。
While it was believed that they were a single species, recent research indicates that they may, in fact, be comprised of several different species of Orca.
此前一直认为虎鲸只有一种，但最近的调查显示虎鲸种类繁多。
【考点过关】
根据be made of….; be made from….; be made up of….; be comprised of….用法填空
1. These pellets （可燃球）will be made _______ various metals and elements so that they give off different colors.
2. The taps appeared to be made _______ solid gold.
3. They used to be made _________ pigskin.
4. But those piles of metals in the warehouses(仓库) are waiting to be made _____ pipes.
5. Hydration is an essential part of maintaining beautiful skin, and cucumbers happen to be made up ______ about 96 percent water-more than most solid foods, including watermelon.
6. Then it will be made ______ strawberry-flavored, chocolate-coated fudge(草莓牛奶巧克力夹心软糖).
7. These studies may be comprised ______ either basic animal or human research or both.
8. The full text is supposed to be comprised ______ five parts in detailed elaboration.
【参考答案】
1. from; 2. of; 3. of; 4. into; 5. of; 6. into; 7. of; 8. of
●eventually; at last; in the end; finally; lastly
【教材原句】
With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, you may eventually want to write poems of your own. (教材P51)
【辨析】
五者都有“最后”之意。
finally, eventually 表示某事在很长一段时间之后 发生。
finally, in the end 表示某事的结果。
at last 表示某事在等待或努力了很久之后终于发生，而且会为此感到很高兴。
lastly, finally 用于引出你想说的最后一点、一系列动作中的最后一个， 或清单中的最后一项。
【例句呈现】
You will succeed eventually/finally.
你终会成功的。
Eventually/Finally, her own publishing firm was set up.
最后，她自己的出版公司成立了。
When she eventually/finally turned up, the food was cold.
等她终于到来的时候，饭莱已经凉了。
Finally/In the end we decided to cancel the trip.
最后我们决定取消这次旅行。
Finally/In the end the teachers were determined to cancel the exam.
最后，老师们决定取消这次考试。
It’s good to be home at last.
真好, 终于回家了。
They were successful ten years later at last.
十年后他们终于成功了。
Lastly/Finally, I would like to remind you that smoking is not allowed here.
最后，我想提醒大家注意的是，这里不准抽烟。
Load the paper, select the number of copies, and lastly/finally press “Print"。
装好纸， 选择打印 份数，最后按“打印”。
【考点过关】
用at last, eventually, in the end, finally或lastly 填空
1. _____, I'd like to ask you about your plans.
2. They wash their hands, arms and faces, and ______, they wash their feet.
3. You can try your best to impress the interviewers, but ______ it's often just a question of luck.
4. He tried various jobs and _______ became an accountant.
5. The performance ________ started half an hour late.
6. I ______ managed to get her attention.
7. _______, the army caught up with him in Latvia.
8. Our flight _______ left five hours late.
9. These workers finished the great project ________.
10. She first went to a river, then climbed a hill and ______ visited a village.
【参考答案】
1. Lastly/Finally; 2. lastly/finally; 3. in the end; 4. in the end; 5. finally; 6. finally; 7. Eventually; 8. eventually; 9. at last; 10. lastly/finally
●exchange; swap
【教材原句】
The couple exchanged many letters. (教材P53)
【辨析】
两者都有交换的意思，都可以作名词和动词，作“交换”时，偶尔可以互换。
exchange n. 交换、兑换、交易所、交流；vt. 交换、交易、兑换；vi. 交换、交易、兑换。较为正式，常见于书面语中。可指相似人或物交换；一种东西换另一种东西或者一种东西换多种东西。
swap n. 交换、交换之物；vt. 以...作交换、与...交换；vi. 交易、交换。非正式用语，常用于口语中，通常只指同类事物的交换。 比如交换玩具 toy swap 等。
温馨提示：
①在指语言和观点上的交流、争论、战争、商业场合的交换和退换商品（如：交换合约：the exchange of contracts；兑换外汇： currency exchange；交流眼神 exchange glances）时，一般不用 swap
②下列短语中不能用swap
in exchange for….作为...的交换。
exchange greetings 相互打招呼；互致问候
【例句呈现】
I’d like to exchange the dress for a smaller one.
我想换一件小号的裙子。
I exchanged 200 dollars for 150 euro.
我把 200 美金换成150 欧元了。
There was a brief exchange between the two countries’ leaders.
两位国家领导人进行了短暂的交流。
There was an angry exchange of words between people at the meeting.
人们在会议上发生了短暂的争执。
We were offered food and shelter in exchange for helping out on the farm.
我们以为农场提供劳力来换取食物和住宿。
The exchange of contracts is due to take place this afternoon at 2 p.m.
交换合约的时间订在今天下午两点。
It’s a good idea to exchange greetings before the meeting.
在开会前，相互打个招呼会比较好。
I thought Julie’s necklace looked much prettier than mine, so we did a swap.
我觉得Julie 的项链比我的要好看，所以我们就交换了。
He got a job at the bank, so had to swap jeans and t-shirts for a suit.
他在银行找到一份工作， 所以必须放弃T恤牛仔裤，换上西装了。
I swapped/exchanged seats/places with my boyfriend, so I could see the whole stage.
我和男友换了座位，这样我就能看到整个舞台。
We exchanged/swapped our email addresses and promised that we’d stay in touch.
我们交换了电子邮箱并相互承诺会保持联系。
They all sat together at table, laughing and swapping/exchanging stories.
他们都坐在桌子旁，有说有笑地讲述各自的故事。
【考点过关】
用exchange 或swap 填空
1. The two sides _________ (exchange, swap) their opinions.
2. He gave me an apple in ________ (exchange, swap) for a cake.
3. I’d like to _________ (exchange, swap) some dollars for pounds.
4. If she ever fancies a job ________ (exchange, swap), I could be interested.
5. Next week they will _________ (exchange, swap) places and will repeat the switch weekly.
6. They will _______ (exchange, swap) posts in a year’s time, according to new party rules which rotate the leadership.
【参考答案】
1. exchange; 2. exchange; 3. exchange; 4. Exchange/swap; 5. Exchange/swap; 6. exchange/swap
●mean to do sth.; mean doing sth.
【教材原句】
I learnt a new phrase, “hold fast”, which means to hold onto something. (教材P56)
“Barren” is also a new word to me, which means empty. (教材P56)
【辨析】
两者意思完全不同。
mean to do sth. 意思是“打算做某事；有意做某事”，相当于intend to do sth、design to do sth.和plan to do sth.
mean doing sth. 意思是“意味着…..；意思是….”。
【例句呈现】
Taking this job means taking a lot of risks.
接受这份工作意味着会遇到很多危险。
Being a student means studying hard.
当学生意味着要努力学习。
Success means working hard.
成功意味着工作努力。
Missing this train means waiting for another hour.
错过这辆火车意味着你得再等一小时。
Doing one thing well doesn't mean doing exactly one thing.
做好一件事并不意味着仅仅做一件事。
Wasting time means killing life.
浪费时间意味着浪费生命。
Don't be too hard on the boy; he didn't mean to do it.
对这个小男孩不要太严厉了，他不是故意这么做的。
I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to.
我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。
What do you mean to do with it
你打算把它怎样处理
He has always meant to get it repaired.
他一直是想请人修一修的。
I mean to stay here for a long time.
我打算在这儿呆很久。
Breaking the vase is purely accidental; she does not mean to do it.
打碎花瓶纯粹是偶然失手; 她无意弄坏它。
【考点过关】
根据mean doing sth., mean to do sth.的用法填空
1. Reading means _______ (take) in the information, digesting it and incorporating it into oneself.
2. Sometimes _______ (give) up a little can mean getting more.
3. Please forgive me. I didn't mean _______ (do) that.
4. Her son’s lying to her meant _______ (kill) her.
5. Breaking the dish was accidental; he didn't mean _______ (do) it.
6. To take it apart now would mean _______ (waste) a lot of labor.
7. Revolution means ________ (liberate) the productive forces.
8. What do you mean ________ (do)
9. He still didn't understand that I meant ________ (pay) money first.
10. Do you really mean _________ (do) it sooner
11. Doing that means _______ (waste) time.
12. I meant ________ (give) you this book today, but I forgot.
13. To raise wage means ________ (increase) purchasing power.
14. I meant _______ (come) to see you yesterday, but something happened to me.
15. Having a well-paid job does not mean _______ (give) up your interests.
16. His injury means _______ (miss) next week’s game.
【参考答案】
1. taking; 2. giving; 3. to do; 4. killing; 5. to do; 6. wasting; 7. liberating; 8. to do; 9. paying; 10. to do; 11. wasting; 12. to give; 13. increasing; 14. to come; 15. giving; 16. missing
●suggestion; advice
【教材原句】
I think the poet is giving us advice. (教材P57)
【辨析】
两者都表示“建议，提议”， 但用法不同。
suggestion意思“建议，提议”，是可数名词。表示“一条建议”时，用a suggestion;两条建议用two suggestions; suggestion后接同位语从句和表语从句时，从句谓语用should + do, should可以省略。请注意以下短语：follow a suggestion遵照建议；make a suggestion提出建议；reject/refuse a suggestion拒绝建议。
advice意思是“建议，提议”，是不可数名词, 前面不可用不定冠词修饰，要表示“一条建议”时，可以说a piece of advice，不能说an advice; “一些建议”可以说some advice, 不能说some advices；advice后接同位语从句和表语从句时，从句谓语用should + do, should可以省略。请注意以下短语：against advice违背建议；give advice 提出忠告；ask for advice征求建议；take/accept advice接受建议；follow advice听从建议；refuse/reject advice拒绝建议。
【例句呈现】
It was time to put their suggestion/advice into practice.
那时就该把他们的建议付诸实施了。
The suggestion/advice didn't go down very well with her boss.
她的老板对这个建议不太感兴趣。
The suggestion/advice to close the road has found favor with local people.
关闭这条路的建议已得到当地人的支持。
I'm open to suggestions for what you would like to do in our classes.
我很乐意听听你们对课堂活动的建议。
They produced two reports, neither of which contained any useful suggestions.
他们提交了两个报告，都没有任何有用的建议。
If this suggestion/advice isn't accepted, we'll be back to square one.
如果这个建议得不到采纳，我们就得从头再来了。
If I may make a suggestion, perhaps we could begin a little earlier next week.
我来提个建议吧，或许我们下个星期可以早一点开始。
What advice would you proffer to someone starting up in business
您对初入商界的人有何建议？
On their advice I applied for the job.
我听从他们的建议申请了这份工作。
It's not your place to give advice.
还轮不到你来做指导。
You should have the sense to take advice when it is offered.
你要知道好歹，别人给你忠告，就该接受。
They sought advice on how to project a more positive image of their company.
他们就如何加强树立公司的良好形象征询意见。
【考点过关】
根据suggestion, advice的用法填空
1. Such ________ as he got has proved almost worthless.
2. Many of your ________ have been incorporated in the plan.
3. Let me give you a piece of ________.
4. Are there any _______ about how best to tackle the problem
5. He took me aside to give me some ________.
6. He agreed with my suggestion that we ________ (change) the date.
7. She went to a lawyer for some independent _______.
8. Can I make a ________
9. His advice is that the meeting __________ (hold) at once.
10. Here are some of our ________.
11. The old professor gave them some pieces of ________.
12. All our _______ were rejected out of hand.
13. The boy’s advice that the sports meet ________ (put) off was accepted.
14. Don't laugh, it's a serious ________.
15. Why don't you ask him for his _________
16. You shouldn’t be angry, for, it was only a ________.
【参考答案】
1. advice；2. suggestions；3. advice; 4. suggestions; 5. advice/suggestions; 6. (should) change; 7. advice/suggestions; 8. suggestion; 9. (should) be held; 10. suggestions; 11. advice; 12. suggestions; 13. (should) be put; 14. suggestion; 15. advice/suggestion; 16. suggestion
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●compare…with….; compare….to….；compare A and B
【教材原句】
Compared with other forms of literature such as the novel, drama, and the short story, what are the characteristics of poetry (教材P50)
【辨析】
两者都有“把…..和…..比较/相比”的意思，但有一定区别。
compare….with…. 意思是“把…..与…..比较/相比”, 指研判人与人之间、事物与事物之间相同或相异的程度, compare 的名词是comparison, 请注意以下词组：
compare notes with sb. 与某人交换意见。
by/in comparison with、to….与….相比
compare…. to….. 意思是①把…..与…..比较/相比，此时，可与compare …. With…. 互换。②把…..比作/比喻为…..，表示这一意思时，不可与compare ….. with…. 互换。
compare A and B 意思是“对比A和B”
【例句呈现】
Compare this to/with that, and you’ll see which is better.
把这个和那个相比，你就能看出哪个更好。
Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, compared to/with his old one.
与迈克的旧房子比起来，他的新房子像个大宫殿。
Nothing can compare with/to a mother’s love.
没有什么能与母爱相比。
This house doesn’t compare with/to our previous one.
这房子不如我们以前的房子。
Please compare your translation with/to the model translation on the blackboard.
请把你们的翻译和黑板上的翻译例子相比较。
We compared the brave man to a lion.
我们把勇敢的人比作雄狮。
Young people are often compared to the rising sun.
年轻人常被比作冉冉升起的太阳。
We often compare a teacher to a candle．
我们常把老师比喻成蜡烛。
Poets have compared sleep to death.
诗人将睡眠比作死。
Books can be compared to friends.
书可以比喻为朋友。
It’s easier to compare British and American English now that we have the Internet.
有了互联网，我们就更容易比较英式英语和美式英语了。
【考点过关】
根据compare的用法填空
1. Film has a much shorter history, especially when ________ (compare) to such art forms as music and painting.
2. You’ll be compared _______ a giant when you devote yourself to country.
3. Our work can be compared _______ a battle.
4. The boy always compared his toys ________ other boys’ toys.
5. Shakespeare compared the world ______ a stage.
6. _______ with other years, we received many more photos.
7. I intended to compare notes _______ a friend, but unfortunately they couldn’t spare me even one minute.
8. _______ with silk, cotton is cheap.
9. By/In comparison ________ last year, the price of beef has increased.
10. Worst of all, I get a larger quantity of homework, _________ to them.
【参考答案】
1. compared; 2. to; 3. to; 4. with/to; 5. to; 6. Compared; 7. with; 8. Compared; 9. with/to; pared
●contain; include
【教材原句】
One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”, which contains a list of things, people, ideas, or descriptions that develop a particular theme. (教材P50)
It has a format of three lines, containing 5, 7, and 5 syllables respectively. (教材P51)
【辨析】
两者都有“包含”的意思，但有一定区别。
contain 表示“包含，含有，装有，容纳”，强调“内含（….成分），装有（….东西）”。
include 表示“包括，包含，包括….在内”，强调被包括者是整体的一部分。include后面接名词，代词或动名词；被包括部分放在include 后面时，include 用-ing形式，放在前面时，include 用-ed形式
【例句呈现】
Your duties will include setting up a new computer system.
你的职责将包括建立一个新的计算机系统.
I've got three days' holiday including New Year's Day.
包括元旦在内我有三天假。
The movie won nine Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
这部电影荣获九项奥斯卡金像奖，包括最佳影片奖。
Hotel accommodation is included in the price of your holiday.
你度假的价款包括旅馆住宿在内。
Six people were killed in the riot, including a policeman.
暴乱中有六人死亡，包括一名警察。
We all went, me included.
我们都去了，连我在内。
The committee includes representatives from industry.
这个委员会包括产业界的代表。
Local activities include walking, boating and golf.
当地的活动包括散步、划船以及打高尔夫球。
The box contains old photographs and souvenirs.
那盒子里放有旧照片和纪念品。
It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.
它含有一种可以防止蚊虫叮咬的强效药物。
The bottle contains two glasses of beer.
这瓶子可装两杯啤酒。
The pill contains vitamins.
这药丸中含有多种维生素。
【考点过关】
根据include, contain 的用法用其适当形式填空
1. It was found that her blood _______ poison.
2. The city has dozens of factories, _______ a power plant and a steelworks.
3. This drink doesn't ________ any alcohol.
4. Six students were playing table tennis, two girls ________.
5. Their diet ________ a lot of fat at present.
6. I ________ apples on the list of things to buy today.
7. How much water does this bottle ________
8. We all know that this book _________ ten short stories.
9. Sea water _________ plenty of salt.
10. My uncle has a lot of duties, _________ taking care of these children.
【参考答案】
1. contained; 2. including; 3. contain; 4. included; 5. contains; 6. include; 7. contain; 8. includes; 9. contains; 10. including
●be made up of….;be made of….; be made from….; be comprised of….
【教材原句】
Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain, which is made up of five lines. (教材P51)
【辨析】
be made up of…. 意思是“由….组成/构成”，表示由若干部分组成，相当于consist of… 和be comprised of…
be made of…. 意思是“由….做成”，一般所成之物可以看出原材料。
be made from… 意思是“由….制成”，所成之物一般看不出原材料。
be comprised of….相当于be made up of… 和consist of…..
【例句呈现】
The pipes should be made of plastic.
这些管子应该是用塑料制作的。
These houses are made of bricks.
这些房屋是砖造的。
The wine is made from grapes.
酒是用葡萄酿的。
Butter is made from milk.
奶油是用牛奶做的。
The fruit can be made into jam.
这种水果可以制成果酱。
Her bestseller 'Peachtree Road' is soon to be made into a television mini-series.
她的畅销小说《桃树路》不久将被拍成一部电视系列短剧。
The new R& D centre will be made up of both new and existing staff.
这家新研发中心所需的人手将来自新招募的员工和现有员工。
Plato conjectured each of these elements to be made up of a certain Platonic solid.
柏拉图推测每一种元素都是由某些理想立方体组成。
As with the first two seasons, the third will most likely be comprised of 10 parts, which will bring its overall count to 30.
和前两季一样，第三季很可能由10集组成，总集数将达到30集。
While it was believed that they were a single species, recent research indicates that they may, in fact, be comprised of several different species of Orca.
此前一直认为虎鲸只有一种，但最近的调查显示虎鲸种类繁多。
【考点过关】
根据be made of….; be made from….; be made up of….; be comprised of….用法填空
1. These pellets （可燃球）will be made _______ various metals and elements so that they give off different colors.
2. The taps appeared to be made _______ solid gold.
3. They used to be made _________ pigskin.
4. But those piles of metals in the warehouses(仓库) are waiting to be made _____ pipes.
5. Hydration is an essential part of maintaining beautiful skin, and cucumbers happen to be made up ______ about 96 percent water-more than most solid foods, including watermelon.
6. Then it will be made ______ strawberry-flavored, chocolate-coated fudge(草莓牛奶巧克力夹心软糖).
7. These studies may be comprised ______ either basic animal or human research or both.
8. The full text is supposed to be comprised ______ five parts in detailed elaboration.
【参考答案】
1. from; 2. of; 3. of; 4. into; 5. of; 6. into; 7. of; 8. of
●eventually; at last; in the end; finally; lastly
【教材原句】
With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, you may eventually want to write poems of your own. (教材P51)
【辨析】
五者都有“最后”之意。
finally, eventually 表示某事在很长一段时间之后 发生。
finally, in the end 表示某事的结果。
at last 表示某事在等待或努力了很久之后终于发生，而且会为此感到很高兴。
lastly, finally 用于引出你想说的最后一点、一系列动作中的最后一个， 或清单中的最后一项。
【例句呈现】
You will succeed eventually/finally.
你终会成功的。
Eventually/Finally, her own publishing firm was set up.
最后，她自己的出版公司成立了。
When she eventually/finally turned up, the food was cold.
等她终于到来的时候，饭莱已经凉了。
Finally/In the end we decided to cancel the trip.
最后我们决定取消这次旅行。
Finally/In the end the teachers were determined to cancel the exam.
最后，老师们决定取消这次考试。
It’s good to be home at last.
真好, 终于回家了。
They were successful ten years later at last.
十年后他们终于成功了。
Lastly/Finally, I would like to remind you that smoking is not allowed here.
最后，我想提醒大家注意的是，这里不准抽烟。
Load the paper, select the number of copies, and lastly/finally press “Print"。
装好纸， 选择打印 份数，最后按“打印”。
【考点过关】
用at last, eventually, in the end, finally或lastly 填空
1. _____, I'd like to ask you about your plans.
2. They wash their hands, arms and faces, and ______, they wash their feet.
3. You can try your best to impress the interviewers, but ______ it's often just a question of luck.
4. He tried various jobs and _______ became an accountant.
5. The performance ________ started half an hour late.
6. I ______ managed to get her attention.
7. _______, the army caught up with him in Latvia.
8. Our flight _______ left five hours late.
9. These workers finished the great project ________.
10. She first went to a river, then climbed a hill and ______ visited a village.
【参考答案】
1. Lastly/Finally; 2. lastly/finally; 3. in the end; 4. in the end; 5. finally; 6. finally; 7. Eventually; 8. eventually; 9. at last; 10. lastly/finally
●exchange; swap
【教材原句】
The couple exchanged many letters. (教材P53)
【辨析】
两者都有交换的意思，都可以作名词和动词，作“交换”时，偶尔可以互换。
exchange n. 交换、兑换、交易所、交流；vt. 交换、交易、兑换；vi. 交换、交易、兑换。较为正式，常见于书面语中。可指相似人或物交换；一种东西换另一种东西或者一种东西换多种东西。
swap n. 交换、交换之物；vt. 以...作交换、与...交换；vi. 交易、交换。非正式用语，常用于口语中，通常只指同类事物的交换。 比如交换玩具 toy swap 等。
温馨提示：
①在指语言和观点上的交流、争论、战争、商业场合的交换和退换商品（如：交换合约：the exchange of contracts；兑换外汇： currency exchange；交流眼神 exchange glances）时，一般不用 swap
②下列短语中不能用swap
in exchange for….作为...的交换。
exchange greetings 相互打招呼；互致问候
【例句呈现】
I’d like to exchange the dress for a smaller one.
我想换一件小号的裙子。
I exchanged 200 dollars for 150 euro.
我把 200 美金换成150 欧元了。
There was a brief exchange between the two countries’ leaders.
两位国家领导人进行了短暂的交流。
There was an angry exchange of words between people at the meeting.
人们在会议上发生了短暂的争执。
We were offered food and shelter in exchange for helping out on the farm.
我们以为农场提供劳力来换取食物和住宿。
The exchange of contracts is due to take place this afternoon at 2 p.m.
交换合约的时间订在今天下午两点。
It’s a good idea to exchange greetings before the meeting.
在开会前，相互打个招呼会比较好。
I thought Julie’s necklace looked much prettier than mine, so we did a swap.
我觉得Julie 的项链比我的要好看，所以我们就交换了。
He got a job at the bank, so had to swap jeans and t-shirts for a suit.
他在银行找到一份工作， 所以必须放弃T恤牛仔裤，换上西装了。
I swapped/exchanged seats/places with my boyfriend, so I could see the whole stage.
我和男友换了座位，这样我就能看到整个舞台。
We exchanged/swapped our email addresses and promised that we’d stay in touch.
我们交换了电子邮箱并相互承诺会保持联系。
They all sat together at table, laughing and swapping/exchanging stories.
他们都坐在桌子旁，有说有笑地讲述各自的故事。
【考点过关】
用exchange 或swap 填空
1. The two sides _________ (exchange, swap) their opinions.
2. He gave me an apple in ________ (exchange, swap) for a cake.
3. I’d like to _________ (exchange, swap) some dollars for pounds.
4. If she ever fancies a job ________ (exchange, swap), I could be interested.
5. Next week they will _________ (exchange, swap) places and will repeat the switch weekly.
6. They will _______ (exchange, swap) posts in a year’s time, according to new party rules which rotate the leadership.
【参考答案】
1. exchange; 2. exchange; 3. exchange; 4. Exchange/swap; 5. Exchange/swap; 6. exchange/swap
●mean to do sth.; mean doing sth.
【教材原句】
I learnt a new phrase, “hold fast”, which means to hold onto something. (教材P56)
“Barren” is also a new word to me, which means empty. (教材P56)
【辨析】
两者意思完全不同。
mean to do sth. 意思是“打算做某事；有意做某事”，相当于intend to do sth、design to do sth.和plan to do sth.
mean doing sth. 意思是“意味着…..；意思是….”。
【例句呈现】
Taking this job means taking a lot of risks.
接受这份工作意味着会遇到很多危险。
Being a student means studying hard.
当学生意味着要努力学习。
Success means working hard.
成功意味着工作努力。
Missing this train means waiting for another hour.
错过这辆火车意味着你得再等一小时。
Doing one thing well doesn't mean doing exactly one thing.
做好一件事并不意味着仅仅做一件事。
Wasting time means killing life.
浪费时间意味着浪费生命。
Don't be too hard on the boy; he didn't mean to do it.
对这个小男孩不要太严厉了，他不是故意这么做的。
I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to.
我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。
What do you mean to do with it
你打算把它怎样处理
He has always meant to get it repaired.
他一直是想请人修一修的。
I mean to stay here for a long time.
我打算在这儿呆很久。
Breaking the vase is purely accidental; she does not mean to do it.
打碎花瓶纯粹是偶然失手; 她无意弄坏它。
【考点过关】
根据mean doing sth., mean to do sth.的用法填空
1. Reading means _______ (take) in the information, digesting it and incorporating it into oneself.
2. Sometimes _______ (give) up a little can mean getting more.
3. Please forgive me. I didn't mean _______ (do) that.
4. Her son’s lying to her meant _______ (kill) her.
5. Breaking the dish was accidental; he didn't mean _______ (do) it.
6. To take it apart now would mean _______ (waste) a lot of labor.
7. Revolution means ________ (liberate) the productive forces.
8. What do you mean ________ (do)
9. He still didn't understand that I meant ________ (pay) money first.
10. Do you really mean _________ (do) it sooner
11. Doing that means _______ (waste) time.
12. I meant ________ (give) you this book today, but I forgot.
13. To raise wage means ________ (increase) purchasing power.
14. I meant _______ (come) to see you yesterday, but something happened to me.
15. Having a well-paid job does not mean _______ (give) up your interests.
16. His injury means _______ (miss) next week’s game.
【参考答案】
1. taking; 2. giving; 3. to do; 4. killing; 5. to do; 6. wasting; 7. liberating; 8. to do; 9. paying; 10. to do; 11. wasting; 12. to give; 13. increasing; 14. to come; 15. giving; 16. missing
●suggestion; advice
【教材原句】
I think the poet is giving us advice. (教材P57)
【辨析】
两者都表示“建议，提议”， 但用法不同。
suggestion意思“建议，提议”，是可数名词。表示“一条建议”时，用a suggestion;两条建议用two suggestions; suggestion后接同位语从句和表语从句时，从句谓语用should + do, should可以省略。请注意以下短语：follow a suggestion遵照建议；make a suggestion提出建议；reject/refuse a suggestion拒绝建议。
advice意思是“建议，提议”，是不可数名词, 前面不可用不定冠词修饰，要表示“一条建议”时，可以说a piece of advice，不能说an advice; “一些建议”可以说some advice, 不能说some advices；advice后接同位语从句和表语从句时，从句谓语用should + do, should可以省略。请注意以下短语：against advice违背建议；give advice 提出忠告；ask for advice征求建议；take/accept advice接受建议；follow advice听从建议；refuse/reject advice拒绝建议。
【例句呈现】
It was time to put their suggestion/advice into practice.
那时就该把他们的建议付诸实施了。
The suggestion/advice didn't go down very well with her boss.
她的老板对这个建议不太感兴趣。
The suggestion/advice to close the road has found favor with local people.
关闭这条路的建议已得到当地人的支持。
I'm open to suggestions for what you would like to do in our classes.
我很乐意听听你们对课堂活动的建议。
They produced two reports, neither of which contained any useful suggestions.
他们提交了两个报告，都没有任何有用的建议。
If this suggestion/advice isn't accepted, we'll be back to square one.
如果这个建议得不到采纳，我们就得从头再来了。
If I may make a suggestion, perhaps we could begin a little earlier next week.
我来提个建议吧，或许我们下个星期可以早一点开始。
What advice would you proffer to someone starting up in business
您对初入商界的人有何建议？
On their advice I applied for the job.
我听从他们的建议申请了这份工作。
It's not your place to give advice.
还轮不到你来做指导。
You should have the sense to take advice when it is offered.
你要知道好歹，别人给你忠告，就该接受。
They sought advice on how to project a more positive image of their company.
他们就如何加强树立公司的良好形象征询意见。
【考点过关】
根据suggestion, advice的用法填空
1. Such ________ as he got has proved almost worthless.
2. Many of your ________ have been incorporated in the plan.
3. Let me give you a piece of ________.
4. Are there any _______ about how best to tackle the problem
5. He took me aside to give me some ________.
6. He agreed with my suggestion that we ________ (change) the date.
7. She went to a lawyer for some independent _______.
8. Can I make a ________
9. His advice is that the meeting __________ (hold) at once.
10. Here are some of our ________.
11. The old professor gave them some pieces of ________.
12. All our _______ were rejected out of hand.
13. The boy’s advice that the sports meet ________ (put) off was accepted.
14. Don't laugh, it's a serious ________.
15. Why don't you ask him for his _________
16. You shouldn’t be angry, for, it was only a ________.
【参考答案】
1. advice；2. suggestions；3. advice; 4. suggestions; 5. advice/suggestions; 6. (should) change; 7. advice/suggestions; 8. suggestion; 9. (should) be held; 10. suggestions; 11. advice; 12. suggestions; 13. (should) be put; 14. suggestion; 15. advice/suggestion; 16. suggestion
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