人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第三册 Unit5Poems 词汇-情景破 (有解析)
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Unit5 词汇-情景破
知识点1 sorrow n.悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 ⅵ.感到悲伤
Some poems tell a story or describe a certain image in the reader’s mind. Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow.（教材P50）有些诗讲述故事或描述读者心中的某个形象。还有些诗试图表达某些感情，比如喜悦和悲伤。
情景导学
Hearing the news, his father’s face looked suddenly soft and sorrowful.
听到这个消息，他父亲的面容突然变得温柔而悲伤。
He shook his head sorrowfully, pitying himself for what had been done to him.
他悲伤地摇摇头，为自己的遭遇而自怜。
People from all over the country expressed their sorrow for those who died of COVID-19 on the Qingming Festival in 2020.
全国人民在2020年清明节这一天表达了对因患新冠肺炎而去世的那些人的悲伤
归纳拓展
more in sorrow than in anger与其说是出于气愤，不如说是出于悲伤
________ adj.悲伤的；悲痛的
________adv.悲伤地；悲痛地
链接高考
单句语法填空
1-1（★★）Hamlet is usually described as a ________ (sorrow) person who can’t make decisions or take action.
1-2（★★）The prince asked her who she was, and where she came from, and she looked at him mildly and ________ (sorrowful) with her deep blue eyes; but she could not speak.
完成句子
1-3（2018课标全国Ⅲ，七选五，★★）舞蹈表达了爱与恨，欢乐与悲伤，生与死，以及其他介于两者之间的一切。
Dance expresses love and hate, ________ ________ ________, life and death, and everything else in between.
知识点2 be made up o由……组成（构成）
Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain, which is made up of five lines.（教材P51）另一种业余爱好者写起来可能容易的简体诗是五行诗，它是由五个诗行组成的。
情景导学
Farmers make up only 30%of the total population of the country.
农民仅占这个国家的总人口的30%。
The quarrel was only about a trivial matter, but it was years before they made up.
那次争吵只是因为一件小事，但是过了许多年他们才和好。
Have you made up your minds where to go for your honeymoon
你们决定好去哪里度蜜月了吗？
After all the delays, we were anxious to make up for the lost time.
耽搁了这么久，我们急着想弥补失去的时间。
归纳拓展
make up________编造；________ 弥补；化妆
________补偿；弥补
make up one’s mind ________；下定决心
单句语法填空
2-1（★★）Astronomy is a scientific subject ________ (make) up of mathematics and physics.
完成句子
2-2（2018北京，阅读理解A，★★）在这场马拉松赛跑之前的一个月，作者下定决心要参加比赛。
A month before the marathon, the author ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ run.
2-3（2017课标全国I，语法填空，★★）因此，人们会吃更多的食物来尽量弥补那缺失的东西。
As a result, people will eat more food to ________ ________ ________ that something missing.
知识点3 empathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的
In these poems the poet Tagore shows a sympathetic understanding of children’s feelings.（教材P53）在这些诗中，诗人泰戈尔对儿童的情感表现出同情的理解。
情景导学
Hearing the miserable experience, everyone present expressed sympathy for him.
听到这悲惨的经历，在场的每个人都对他表示同情。
Out of sympathy for the homeless children, he gave them a bed for the night.
出于对这些无家可归的孩子的怜悯，他让他们留宿过夜。
归纳拓展
sympathy n.同情；赞同
________ 对某人表示同情
③ out of sympathy ________
④ sympathetically adv.同情地；赞同地
单句语法填空
3-1（2019浙江，阅读理解B，★★）While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and ________ (sympathetic).
3-2（2016课标全国Ⅱ，完形填空，★★）The woman sitting at the desk, seeing my madness, ________ (sympathetic) jumped up.
3-3(★★)His loving and selfless nature has inspired me to become more ________ (sympathy) and considerate, putting others first.
知识点4 correspondence n.通信；来往信件；通信联系
Browning fell in love with her poetry and then they entered into personal correspondence.（教材P53）布朗宁喜欢上了她的诗歌，然后他们就开始了私人通信。
情景导学
For the next three years they corresponded regularly.
在接下来的三年里他们经常通信。
His story of what happened that night doesn’t correspond with/to the witness’s version.
他对那晚发生的事的叙述与证人的说法不相符。
The American Congress corresponds to the British Parliament.
美国国会相当于英国议会。
The profits of this company have risen by 15 percent compared with the corresponding period last year.
与去年同期相比，这家公司的利润增长了15%。
归纳拓展
correspond vi. ________；符合，相一致；相当于
________与某事相一致/相符
________类似于；相当于
④ correspond with sb.和某人有通信往来
⑤（be）in correspondence with sb.和某人通信联系
________ adj.相应的；相关的
单句语法填空
4-1（★★）For example, the governor of a state has great power, but he or she may not belong to a ________ (correspond) economic class.
4-2（★★）According to the text, we know that power and class do not always correspond ________ each other.
4-3（★★）This corresponds ________ what psychologists refer to as offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger.
4-4（★★）Because e-mailing is so easy, there’s a tendency for ________ (correspond) to carry on forever.
完成句子
4-5（★★）谈话的文字记录与实际上所说的话不符。
The written record of the conversation doesn’t ________ ________ what was actually said.
4-6（★★）我和我国外的朋友保持了多年的通信联系。
I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ my friends abroad for many years.
知识点5 variation n.变化；变体；变奏曲
Dream Variation, for example. It was one of his most celebrated poems.（教材P58）例如《梦境变奏曲》。这是他最著名的诗歌之一。
情景导学
The spending power of young people varies from person to person.
年轻人的消费能力因人而异。
There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from.
有种类繁多的图案可供选择。
We may have various ways to deal with such a situation.
也许我们有各种各样的方法来应对这一情况。
Some medical experts believe the 2019-nCov which went around worldwide in 2020 is a variation of the SARS coronavirus.
有些医学专家认为2020年在世界各地传播的新冠病毒是SARS病毒的变体。
归纳拓展
vary v.不同；相异；变化；改变
________从……到……不等/变化
③ variety n.种类；多样性；变化
④________= varieties of各种各样的
________ adj.不同的；各种各样的
单句语法填空
5-1（2019课标全国I，阅读理解C改编，★★）That typing patterns vary from person ________ person makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible.
5-2（2018课标全国Ⅲ，阅读理解A，★★）Join us to taste a ________ (vary) of fresh local food and drinks.
5-3（2018北京，七选五，★★）Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are ________ (vary).
5-4（2018课标全国Ⅲ，阅读理解A改编，★★）Wander among ________ (vary) shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.
5-5（2016课标全国I，阅读理解D，★★）The meaning of silence ________ (vary) among cultural groups.
5-6（★★）In my opinion, his numerous complaints are all ________ (vary) on a theme.
参考答案：
知识点1
② sorrowful ③ sorrowfully
1-1 sorrowful【解析】考查词性转换。句意：哈姆雷特常被描述为一个优柔寡断的伤感型人物。分析句子结构可知，设空处作定语修饰名词 person，故填形容词sorrowful，表示“悲伤的，伤感的”。
1-2 sorrowfully【解析】考查词性转换。句意：王子问她她是谁，从哪儿来。她用深蓝色的眼睛温柔而又悲伤地望着他，但是她讲不了话。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语修饰动词短语 looked at，且设空处与前面的 mildly是由and连接的并列结构，故填副词 sorrowfully，表示“悲伤地”。
1-3 joy and sorrow
知识点2
构成；和解② make up for③作出决定
2-1 made【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：天文学是一门由数学和物理学组成的科学学科。be made up of由组成。分析句子结构可知，设空处作定语修饰subject，应用非谓语形式，故填made。
2-2 made up his mind to
2-3 make up for
知识点3
② express sympathy for sb. ③出于同情
3-1 sympathy【解析】考查词性转换。句意：尽管这段视频可能看起来像是新广告宣传活动的一部分，但布里奇斯说它唯一的目的是表现出慷慨和同情。分析句子结构可知，generosity and ________作及物动词show的宾语，且 generosity与设空处是由and连接的并列结构，故填名词 sympathy，意为“同情”。
3-2 sympathetically【解析】考查词性转换。句意：看到我疯狂的举动，坐在办公桌旁的那个妇女充满同情地跳了起来。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语修饰动词短语jumped up，表示“同情地”，故填副词 sympathetically。
3-3 sympathetic【解析】考查词性转换。句意：他的爱和无私的本性激励我变得更有同情心和体贴，把别人放在第一位。分析句子结构可知，more ________ and considerate作系动词 become的表语，且设空处与形容词 considerate是由and连接的并列结构，故填形容词sympathetic，意为“有同情心的”。
知识点4
通信② correspond with/to sth.③ correspond to ⑥ corresponding
4-1 corresponding【解析】考查词性转换。句意：例如，一个州的州长有很大的权力，但他或她可能不属于相应的经济阶层。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰名词短语 economic class，故填形容词 corresponding，意为“相应的”。
4-2 with/to【解析】考查介词。句意：根据这篇文章我们了解到权力和阶级并不总是相一致的。correspond with/to…与……相一致，故填with/to。
4-3 with/to【解析】考查介词。句意：这与心理学家所指的攻击性愤怒相符，即愤怒的人为了影响和控制使他愤怒的人或情况而靠近。correspond with/to..表示“与相符”，故填with/to。
4-4 correspondence【解析】考查词性转换。句意：因为使用电子邮件是如此容易，所以有一种永远保持通信的趋势。分析句子可知介词for后跟名词，表示“通信”，故填 correspondence。
4-5 correspond with/to
4-6 have been in correspondence with
知识点5
vary from…to... ④a variety of ⑤various
5-1 to【解析】考查介词。句意：打字方式因人而异，这使得智能键盘的发明成为可能。vary from…to...从……到不等/变化。
5-2 variety【解析】考查词性转换。句意：和我们一起品尝当地各种各样的新鲜食物和饮料吧。a variety of各种各样的。
5-3 various【解析】考查词性转换。句意：当我们感到愤怒时，它似乎很简单，但是愤怒的原因是多样的。根据语境可知，此处系动词are后应用形容词作表语，表示
“多样的，各种各样的”，故填 various。
5-4 varieties【解析】考查名词。句意：（你可以）一边在各种各样的出售礼品的商店里闲逛，一边欣赏现场音乐表演和精彩的街头娱乐活动。varieties of= a variety of各种各样的。
5-5 varies【解析】考查动词时态以及主谓一致。句意：沉默的含义因文化群体而不同。由句意可知，此句描述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时，且主语是 The meaning of silence，故用第三人称单数形式 varies。
5-6 variations【解析】考查名词。句意：在我看来，他的满腹牢骚说来道去都是为了一件事。分析句子结构可知，设空处作系动词are的表语，结合句意可知此处应填名词 variation，且 variation表示“变体”时为可数名词，前面有all修饰，故填名词复数 variations。
2 / 2
知识点1 sorrow n.悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 ⅵ.感到悲伤
Some poems tell a story or describe a certain image in the reader’s mind. Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow.（教材P50）有些诗讲述故事或描述读者心中的某个形象。还有些诗试图表达某些感情，比如喜悦和悲伤。
情景导学
Hearing the news, his father’s face looked suddenly soft and sorrowful.
听到这个消息，他父亲的面容突然变得温柔而悲伤。
He shook his head sorrowfully, pitying himself for what had been done to him.
他悲伤地摇摇头，为自己的遭遇而自怜。
People from all over the country expressed their sorrow for those who died of COVID-19 on the Qingming Festival in 2020.
全国人民在2020年清明节这一天表达了对因患新冠肺炎而去世的那些人的悲伤
归纳拓展
more in sorrow than in anger与其说是出于气愤，不如说是出于悲伤
________ adj.悲伤的；悲痛的
________adv.悲伤地；悲痛地
链接高考
单句语法填空
1-1（★★）Hamlet is usually described as a ________ (sorrow) person who can’t make decisions or take action.
1-2（★★）The prince asked her who she was, and where she came from, and she looked at him mildly and ________ (sorrowful) with her deep blue eyes; but she could not speak.
完成句子
1-3（2018课标全国Ⅲ，七选五，★★）舞蹈表达了爱与恨，欢乐与悲伤，生与死，以及其他介于两者之间的一切。
Dance expresses love and hate, ________ ________ ________, life and death, and everything else in between.
知识点2 be made up o由……组成（构成）
Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain, which is made up of five lines.（教材P51）另一种业余爱好者写起来可能容易的简体诗是五行诗，它是由五个诗行组成的。
情景导学
Farmers make up only 30%of the total population of the country.
农民仅占这个国家的总人口的30%。
The quarrel was only about a trivial matter, but it was years before they made up.
那次争吵只是因为一件小事，但是过了许多年他们才和好。
Have you made up your minds where to go for your honeymoon
你们决定好去哪里度蜜月了吗？
After all the delays, we were anxious to make up for the lost time.
耽搁了这么久，我们急着想弥补失去的时间。
归纳拓展
make up________编造；________ 弥补；化妆
________补偿；弥补
make up one’s mind ________；下定决心
单句语法填空
2-1（★★）Astronomy is a scientific subject ________ (make) up of mathematics and physics.
完成句子
2-2（2018北京，阅读理解A，★★）在这场马拉松赛跑之前的一个月，作者下定决心要参加比赛。
A month before the marathon, the author ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ run.
2-3（2017课标全国I，语法填空，★★）因此，人们会吃更多的食物来尽量弥补那缺失的东西。
As a result, people will eat more food to ________ ________ ________ that something missing.
知识点3 empathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的
In these poems the poet Tagore shows a sympathetic understanding of children’s feelings.（教材P53）在这些诗中，诗人泰戈尔对儿童的情感表现出同情的理解。
情景导学
Hearing the miserable experience, everyone present expressed sympathy for him.
听到这悲惨的经历，在场的每个人都对他表示同情。
Out of sympathy for the homeless children, he gave them a bed for the night.
出于对这些无家可归的孩子的怜悯，他让他们留宿过夜。
归纳拓展
sympathy n.同情；赞同
________ 对某人表示同情
③ out of sympathy ________
④ sympathetically adv.同情地；赞同地
单句语法填空
3-1（2019浙江，阅读理解B，★★）While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and ________ (sympathetic).
3-2（2016课标全国Ⅱ，完形填空，★★）The woman sitting at the desk, seeing my madness, ________ (sympathetic) jumped up.
3-3(★★)His loving and selfless nature has inspired me to become more ________ (sympathy) and considerate, putting others first.
知识点4 correspondence n.通信；来往信件；通信联系
Browning fell in love with her poetry and then they entered into personal correspondence.（教材P53）布朗宁喜欢上了她的诗歌，然后他们就开始了私人通信。
情景导学
For the next three years they corresponded regularly.
在接下来的三年里他们经常通信。
His story of what happened that night doesn’t correspond with/to the witness’s version.
他对那晚发生的事的叙述与证人的说法不相符。
The American Congress corresponds to the British Parliament.
美国国会相当于英国议会。
The profits of this company have risen by 15 percent compared with the corresponding period last year.
与去年同期相比，这家公司的利润增长了15%。
归纳拓展
correspond vi. ________；符合，相一致；相当于
________与某事相一致/相符
________类似于；相当于
④ correspond with sb.和某人有通信往来
⑤（be）in correspondence with sb.和某人通信联系
________ adj.相应的；相关的
单句语法填空
4-1（★★）For example, the governor of a state has great power, but he or she may not belong to a ________ (correspond) economic class.
4-2（★★）According to the text, we know that power and class do not always correspond ________ each other.
4-3（★★）This corresponds ________ what psychologists refer to as offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger.
4-4（★★）Because e-mailing is so easy, there’s a tendency for ________ (correspond) to carry on forever.
完成句子
4-5（★★）谈话的文字记录与实际上所说的话不符。
The written record of the conversation doesn’t ________ ________ what was actually said.
4-6（★★）我和我国外的朋友保持了多年的通信联系。
I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ my friends abroad for many years.
知识点5 variation n.变化；变体；变奏曲
Dream Variation, for example. It was one of his most celebrated poems.（教材P58）例如《梦境变奏曲》。这是他最著名的诗歌之一。
情景导学
The spending power of young people varies from person to person.
年轻人的消费能力因人而异。
There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from.
有种类繁多的图案可供选择。
We may have various ways to deal with such a situation.
也许我们有各种各样的方法来应对这一情况。
Some medical experts believe the 2019-nCov which went around worldwide in 2020 is a variation of the SARS coronavirus.
有些医学专家认为2020年在世界各地传播的新冠病毒是SARS病毒的变体。
归纳拓展
vary v.不同；相异；变化；改变
________从……到……不等/变化
③ variety n.种类；多样性；变化
④________= varieties of各种各样的
________ adj.不同的；各种各样的
单句语法填空
5-1（2019课标全国I，阅读理解C改编，★★）That typing patterns vary from person ________ person makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible.
5-2（2018课标全国Ⅲ，阅读理解A，★★）Join us to taste a ________ (vary) of fresh local food and drinks.
5-3（2018北京，七选五，★★）Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are ________ (vary).
5-4（2018课标全国Ⅲ，阅读理解A改编，★★）Wander among ________ (vary) shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.
5-5（2016课标全国I，阅读理解D，★★）The meaning of silence ________ (vary) among cultural groups.
5-6（★★）In my opinion, his numerous complaints are all ________ (vary) on a theme.
参考答案：
知识点1
② sorrowful ③ sorrowfully
1-1 sorrowful【解析】考查词性转换。句意：哈姆雷特常被描述为一个优柔寡断的伤感型人物。分析句子结构可知，设空处作定语修饰名词 person，故填形容词sorrowful，表示“悲伤的，伤感的”。
1-2 sorrowfully【解析】考查词性转换。句意：王子问她她是谁，从哪儿来。她用深蓝色的眼睛温柔而又悲伤地望着他，但是她讲不了话。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语修饰动词短语 looked at，且设空处与前面的 mildly是由and连接的并列结构，故填副词 sorrowfully，表示“悲伤地”。
1-3 joy and sorrow
知识点2
构成；和解② make up for③作出决定
2-1 made【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：天文学是一门由数学和物理学组成的科学学科。be made up of由组成。分析句子结构可知，设空处作定语修饰subject，应用非谓语形式，故填made。
2-2 made up his mind to
2-3 make up for
知识点3
② express sympathy for sb. ③出于同情
3-1 sympathy【解析】考查词性转换。句意：尽管这段视频可能看起来像是新广告宣传活动的一部分，但布里奇斯说它唯一的目的是表现出慷慨和同情。分析句子结构可知，generosity and ________作及物动词show的宾语，且 generosity与设空处是由and连接的并列结构，故填名词 sympathy，意为“同情”。
3-2 sympathetically【解析】考查词性转换。句意：看到我疯狂的举动，坐在办公桌旁的那个妇女充满同情地跳了起来。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语修饰动词短语jumped up，表示“同情地”，故填副词 sympathetically。
3-3 sympathetic【解析】考查词性转换。句意：他的爱和无私的本性激励我变得更有同情心和体贴，把别人放在第一位。分析句子结构可知，more ________ and considerate作系动词 become的表语，且设空处与形容词 considerate是由and连接的并列结构，故填形容词sympathetic，意为“有同情心的”。
知识点4
通信② correspond with/to sth.③ correspond to ⑥ corresponding
4-1 corresponding【解析】考查词性转换。句意：例如，一个州的州长有很大的权力，但他或她可能不属于相应的经济阶层。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰名词短语 economic class，故填形容词 corresponding，意为“相应的”。
4-2 with/to【解析】考查介词。句意：根据这篇文章我们了解到权力和阶级并不总是相一致的。correspond with/to…与……相一致，故填with/to。
4-3 with/to【解析】考查介词。句意：这与心理学家所指的攻击性愤怒相符，即愤怒的人为了影响和控制使他愤怒的人或情况而靠近。correspond with/to..表示“与相符”，故填with/to。
4-4 correspondence【解析】考查词性转换。句意：因为使用电子邮件是如此容易，所以有一种永远保持通信的趋势。分析句子可知介词for后跟名词，表示“通信”，故填 correspondence。
4-5 correspond with/to
4-6 have been in correspondence with
知识点5
vary from…to... ④a variety of ⑤various
5-1 to【解析】考查介词。句意：打字方式因人而异，这使得智能键盘的发明成为可能。vary from…to...从……到不等/变化。
5-2 variety【解析】考查词性转换。句意：和我们一起品尝当地各种各样的新鲜食物和饮料吧。a variety of各种各样的。
5-3 various【解析】考查词性转换。句意：当我们感到愤怒时，它似乎很简单，但是愤怒的原因是多样的。根据语境可知，此处系动词are后应用形容词作表语，表示
“多样的，各种各样的”，故填 various。
5-4 varieties【解析】考查名词。句意：（你可以）一边在各种各样的出售礼品的商店里闲逛，一边欣赏现场音乐表演和精彩的街头娱乐活动。varieties of= a variety of各种各样的。
5-5 varies【解析】考查动词时态以及主谓一致。句意：沉默的含义因文化群体而不同。由句意可知，此句描述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时，且主语是 The meaning of silence，故用第三人称单数形式 varies。
5-6 variations【解析】考查名词。句意：在我看来，他的满腹牢骚说来道去都是为了一件事。分析句子结构可知，设空处作系动词are的表语，结合句意可知此处应填名词 variation，且 variation表示“变体”时为可数名词，前面有all修饰，故填名词复数 variations。
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