人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册 Unit1 Science Fiction Learning About Language 课时素养练（含解析）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册 Unit1 Science Fiction Learning About Language 课时素养练（含解析） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-14 07:54:29 | ||
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Unit1 Learning About Language
一、语法专练
1. —The machine is working again!
—Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it ________ (fix).
2. In 2015, one in12 people around the world were over 65; by 2050, it will be one in six. This aging of the population ________ (drive) by two factors.
3. People tend to focus on the first t factor. However, greater attention should ________ (place) on longevity (长寿).
4. The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ________ (remain) around t that level ever since.
5. The parts of a museum open to the public ________ (call) galleries or rooms.
6. The polar bear ________ (find) in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland.
7. After the concert, Naomi told the family that Steve’s music was beautiful and professional. It needed ________ (share) in public.
8. On the last day of our week-long stay, we ________ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
9.My washing machine ________ (repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
10. Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations ________ (employ) only since the mid-1980s.
二、句型转换（将下列句子改为被动语态）
1. When you are out in nature, it is important to speak softly, or you will frighten the animals away.
→When you are out in nature, it is important to speak softly, or the animals ________ by you.
2. Her mother bought her a computer.
→A computer ________ her by her mother.
3. I hear the students in Class 7 sing the English song every day.
→The students in Class 7 ________ the English song every day by me.
4. We must operate this machine with care.
→This machine ________ with care by us.
5. People refer to California as the Golden State.
→California ________ as the Golden State by people.
三、完形填空
I had reached the age of twenty-eight. Still, I 1 whether the letter from my past would make it to me, all these years later. It sounded ridiculous, but it was a creative writing task when I was eighteen. The teacher collected our letters to our 2 selves in self-addressed（写明回邮地址的）envelopes with stamps and promised to 3 them ten years later. But since so much time had passed, would he even 4
Thinking back on the 5 , I recalled giving my future self some advice. When you’re eighteen years old, twenty-eight seems like a 6 age, but I wasn’t feeling as mature as I believed my younger self had 7 me to be.
When the letter finally reached me, I opened it 8 . It began, “How much do you bet this letter will never get to you ” It continued to greet me casually as if we were having an IM (instant messaging) chat. As a senior in high school, facing the 9 important exams and college application, my eighteen-year-old self was so 10 She was apparently not quite happy and hoped I wouldn’t worry so much in the future, and that I would live in the present and 11 my life!
12 to my belief, my eighteen-year-old self did not l have any demands on me, or expectations I might have failed to meet. Instead, she wrote, “I’ll 13 whatever you do. Even if you are not the one I’m imagining now, I’ll support you, because maybe 14 I’m imagining is someone else, but you’re not someone else-you’re me.”
I was 15 , and tears came to my eyes at this self-acceptance (自我接受) time. I had put a lot of pressure on myself to be the best version of myself that I could be. However, I came to realise what I would have accomplished in ten years would pale in comparison (显得逊色) to how I’d feel and who I’d be.
1. A. believed B. presumed C. doubted D. considered
2. A. inner B. happy C. future D. young
3. A. correct B. mail C. answer D. write
4. A. remember B. understand C. calculate D. explode
5. A. application B. comment C. study D. letter
6. A. grown-up B. happy C. made-up D. promising
7. A. told B. convinced C. encouraged D. expected
8. A. calmly B. cautiously C. eagerly D. naturally
9. A. appearing B. arising C. approaching D. approving
10. A. depressed B. ambitious C. carefree D. stressed
11. A. enjoy B. value C. start D. earn
12. A. Contrary B. Superior C. Surprised D. Strange
13. A. stand for B. stand with C. stand by D. stand out
14. A. what B. who C. which D. that
15. A. guilty B. touched C. embarrassed D. nervous
四、语法填空
During the COVID-19 outbreak, many people 1. ________ (force) to stay inside are looking for new hobbies. Some of them are even learning to cast spells (施展魔法) on Harry Potter-related websites.
In early April of this year, the author of Harry Potter, J.K.Rowling, 2. ________ (announce) the launch of “Harry Potter at Home”. The new website aims 3. ________ (cure) boredom during the long days of being s stuck indoors. It’s particularly designed for students and teachers 4. ________ seek relief from the long days of lockdown. Super fans can test their Harry Potter knowledge through various quizzes. Meanwhile newcomers to 5. ________ magic world can read interviews with some of the film series’ actors. The project is cooperation between Rowling and several online 6. ________ (company).
Rowling has also lifted copyright restrictions (限制) for educators. Teachers can now freely share the Harry Potter series with their students online. They may record videos of themselves reading the books aloud. The e-book for Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone is also 7. ________ (access) to users of the “Harry Potter at Home” website, free 8. ________ charge.
Rowling’s first book 9. ________ (publish) in June 1997. More than 20 years later, the world is very different. Still, the attraction of magic remains. It is 10. ________ (especial) needed in times of great difficulty, like today.
参考答案
一、语法专练
1. has been fixed
句意：—机器又开始工作了！—是的，它昨天坏了，但已经被修好了。根据句意可知，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been fixed。
2. is driven
根据语境可知，此处陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；且根据空后的by可知，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is driven。
3. be placed
place与attention之间是被动关系，空处应用被动语态；又因空前是情态动词should, be动词应用原形。故填be placed。
4. has remained
ever since常与现在完成时连用；“the number of+名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has remained。
5. are called
分析句子结构可知，该句主语为the parts of a museum, 空处为谓语，主语与call之间是被动关系。根据语境可知，此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are called。
6. is found
句意：在北极圈以及南至纽芬兰的一些大块陆地上发现了北极熊。the polar bear与find之间是被动关系，且此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is found。
7. sharing/to be shared need
意为“需要”时，常用主动形式表示被动意义，其意义相当于动词不定式的被动语态。故填sharing./to be shared。
8. were invited
根据语境可知，此处讲的是过去发生的事情，且we与invite之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were invited。
9. is being repaired
句意：我的洗衣机这周正在修理中，因此我不得不用手洗衣服。根据句意可知，此处应用现在进行时，又因为句子的主语my washing machine与repair之间是被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being repaired。
l0. have been employed
句意：追踪北极熊数量的现代化方法在20世纪80年代中期才开始被采用。根据
时间状语since the mid-1980s可知，空处应用现在完成时，且主语与employ之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填have been employed。
二、句型转换
1. will be frightened away
2. was bought for
3. are heard to sing
4. must be operated
5. is referred to
三、完形填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者18岁时，老师要求他们给10年后的自己写一封信。10年后收到自已的来信时，作者感触颇深。
1. C 根据下文The teacher…promised to ________ them ten years later. But since so much time had passed, would he even ________ 可知，10年过去了，作者怕老师把寄信这件事忘了，所以怀疑自己能否收到信。
2. C 根据下文I recalled giving my future self some advice可知，这是一封写给未来的自己的信。
3. B 此处指老师答应10年后将信寄出。
4. A 根据上文whether the letter from my past would make it to me, all these years later可知，作若对于老师是否还记得表示怀疑。
5. D 根据上文中反复提到的letter可知，此处指作者回想写给自己的那封信。
6. A 根据常识和下文as mature as可知，对于18岁的人来说，28岁似乎是一个成熟的年纪。
7. D 此处指作者18岁时期望自己28岁时是成熟的，但28岁时的自己感觉并不像18岁时所期望的那样成熟。
8. C 根据上文可知，作者对这封信盼望已久，所以收到信后急切地打开它。
9. C 根据常识可知，高中生面临即将到来的重要考试和大学申请。
10. D 根据常识可知，高中生面临高考升学，压力很大。最后一段中的I had put a lot of pressure on myself也给出了提示。
11. A 根据上文wouldn’t worry so much in the future利live in the present可知，那时的自己希望将来的自己活在当下，享受生活。
12. A 根据下文my eighteen-year-old self did not have any demands on me可知，I8岁的作者对将来的自己没有任何要求，这与作者本来的看法相反。
13. C 根据下文I’ll support you可知，18岁的作者支持28岁的自己。
14. B 句意：即使你不是我现在想象的那个人，我也会支持你，因为也许我想象的人是别人，但你不是别人—你是我。根据下文someone else和me可知，此处应用who，表示所指的人。
15. B 根据下文tears came to my eyes和作者的感悟可知，作者被感动了。
四、语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一则新闻报道。在新型冠状病毒肺炎爆发期间，许多待在家里的人正在寻找新的爱好为了消除长期待在家里的无聊情绪，J.K.罗琳（J.K Rowling）推出了网站“Harry Potter at Home”。
1. forced
分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语形式。force与people为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，修饰people。故填forced。
2. announced
根据时间状语in early April of this year可知，“宣布”这一动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填announced。
3. to cure
aim to do sth为固定短语，意为“旨在做某事”。故填to cure。
4. who/that
分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词students and teachers，并在从句中作主语。故填who/that。
5. the
此处特指上文提到的这个新网站给人们创造的魔法世界。故填the。
6. companies company
作“公司”讲时是可数名词，根据前面的several可知，此处要用复数形式。故填companies。
7. accessible
分析句子结构可知，空处应用形容词作表语。故填accessible。
8. of
free of charge为固定短语，意为“免费”。故填of。
9. was published
根据时间状语in June1997可知，此处应用一般过去时；句子的主语与publish之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故填was published。
10. especially
分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，应用副词。故填especially。
一、语法专练
1. —The machine is working again!
—Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it ________ (fix).
2. In 2015, one in12 people around the world were over 65; by 2050, it will be one in six. This aging of the population ________ (drive) by two factors.
3. People tend to focus on the first t factor. However, greater attention should ________ (place) on longevity (长寿).
4. The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ________ (remain) around t that level ever since.
5. The parts of a museum open to the public ________ (call) galleries or rooms.
6. The polar bear ________ (find) in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland.
7. After the concert, Naomi told the family that Steve’s music was beautiful and professional. It needed ________ (share) in public.
8. On the last day of our week-long stay, we ________ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
9.My washing machine ________ (repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
10. Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations ________ (employ) only since the mid-1980s.
二、句型转换（将下列句子改为被动语态）
1. When you are out in nature, it is important to speak softly, or you will frighten the animals away.
→When you are out in nature, it is important to speak softly, or the animals ________ by you.
2. Her mother bought her a computer.
→A computer ________ her by her mother.
3. I hear the students in Class 7 sing the English song every day.
→The students in Class 7 ________ the English song every day by me.
4. We must operate this machine with care.
→This machine ________ with care by us.
5. People refer to California as the Golden State.
→California ________ as the Golden State by people.
三、完形填空
I had reached the age of twenty-eight. Still, I 1 whether the letter from my past would make it to me, all these years later. It sounded ridiculous, but it was a creative writing task when I was eighteen. The teacher collected our letters to our 2 selves in self-addressed（写明回邮地址的）envelopes with stamps and promised to 3 them ten years later. But since so much time had passed, would he even 4
Thinking back on the 5 , I recalled giving my future self some advice. When you’re eighteen years old, twenty-eight seems like a 6 age, but I wasn’t feeling as mature as I believed my younger self had 7 me to be.
When the letter finally reached me, I opened it 8 . It began, “How much do you bet this letter will never get to you ” It continued to greet me casually as if we were having an IM (instant messaging) chat. As a senior in high school, facing the 9 important exams and college application, my eighteen-year-old self was so 10 She was apparently not quite happy and hoped I wouldn’t worry so much in the future, and that I would live in the present and 11 my life!
12 to my belief, my eighteen-year-old self did not l have any demands on me, or expectations I might have failed to meet. Instead, she wrote, “I’ll 13 whatever you do. Even if you are not the one I’m imagining now, I’ll support you, because maybe 14 I’m imagining is someone else, but you’re not someone else-you’re me.”
I was 15 , and tears came to my eyes at this self-acceptance (自我接受) time. I had put a lot of pressure on myself to be the best version of myself that I could be. However, I came to realise what I would have accomplished in ten years would pale in comparison (显得逊色) to how I’d feel and who I’d be.
1. A. believed B. presumed C. doubted D. considered
2. A. inner B. happy C. future D. young
3. A. correct B. mail C. answer D. write
4. A. remember B. understand C. calculate D. explode
5. A. application B. comment C. study D. letter
6. A. grown-up B. happy C. made-up D. promising
7. A. told B. convinced C. encouraged D. expected
8. A. calmly B. cautiously C. eagerly D. naturally
9. A. appearing B. arising C. approaching D. approving
10. A. depressed B. ambitious C. carefree D. stressed
11. A. enjoy B. value C. start D. earn
12. A. Contrary B. Superior C. Surprised D. Strange
13. A. stand for B. stand with C. stand by D. stand out
14. A. what B. who C. which D. that
15. A. guilty B. touched C. embarrassed D. nervous
四、语法填空
During the COVID-19 outbreak, many people 1. ________ (force) to stay inside are looking for new hobbies. Some of them are even learning to cast spells (施展魔法) on Harry Potter-related websites.
In early April of this year, the author of Harry Potter, J.K.Rowling, 2. ________ (announce) the launch of “Harry Potter at Home”. The new website aims 3. ________ (cure) boredom during the long days of being s stuck indoors. It’s particularly designed for students and teachers 4. ________ seek relief from the long days of lockdown. Super fans can test their Harry Potter knowledge through various quizzes. Meanwhile newcomers to 5. ________ magic world can read interviews with some of the film series’ actors. The project is cooperation between Rowling and several online 6. ________ (company).
Rowling has also lifted copyright restrictions (限制) for educators. Teachers can now freely share the Harry Potter series with their students online. They may record videos of themselves reading the books aloud. The e-book for Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone is also 7. ________ (access) to users of the “Harry Potter at Home” website, free 8. ________ charge.
Rowling’s first book 9. ________ (publish) in June 1997. More than 20 years later, the world is very different. Still, the attraction of magic remains. It is 10. ________ (especial) needed in times of great difficulty, like today.
参考答案
一、语法专练
1. has been fixed
句意：—机器又开始工作了！—是的，它昨天坏了，但已经被修好了。根据句意可知，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been fixed。
2. is driven
根据语境可知，此处陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；且根据空后的by可知，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is driven。
3. be placed
place与attention之间是被动关系，空处应用被动语态；又因空前是情态动词should, be动词应用原形。故填be placed。
4. has remained
ever since常与现在完成时连用；“the number of+名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has remained。
5. are called
分析句子结构可知，该句主语为the parts of a museum, 空处为谓语，主语与call之间是被动关系。根据语境可知，此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are called。
6. is found
句意：在北极圈以及南至纽芬兰的一些大块陆地上发现了北极熊。the polar bear与find之间是被动关系，且此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is found。
7. sharing/to be shared need
意为“需要”时，常用主动形式表示被动意义，其意义相当于动词不定式的被动语态。故填sharing./to be shared。
8. were invited
根据语境可知，此处讲的是过去发生的事情，且we与invite之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were invited。
9. is being repaired
句意：我的洗衣机这周正在修理中，因此我不得不用手洗衣服。根据句意可知，此处应用现在进行时，又因为句子的主语my washing machine与repair之间是被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being repaired。
l0. have been employed
句意：追踪北极熊数量的现代化方法在20世纪80年代中期才开始被采用。根据
时间状语since the mid-1980s可知，空处应用现在完成时，且主语与employ之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填have been employed。
二、句型转换
1. will be frightened away
2. was bought for
3. are heard to sing
4. must be operated
5. is referred to
三、完形填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者18岁时，老师要求他们给10年后的自己写一封信。10年后收到自已的来信时，作者感触颇深。
1. C 根据下文The teacher…promised to ________ them ten years later. But since so much time had passed, would he even ________ 可知，10年过去了，作者怕老师把寄信这件事忘了，所以怀疑自己能否收到信。
2. C 根据下文I recalled giving my future self some advice可知，这是一封写给未来的自己的信。
3. B 此处指老师答应10年后将信寄出。
4. A 根据上文whether the letter from my past would make it to me, all these years later可知，作若对于老师是否还记得表示怀疑。
5. D 根据上文中反复提到的letter可知，此处指作者回想写给自己的那封信。
6. A 根据常识和下文as mature as可知，对于18岁的人来说，28岁似乎是一个成熟的年纪。
7. D 此处指作者18岁时期望自己28岁时是成熟的，但28岁时的自己感觉并不像18岁时所期望的那样成熟。
8. C 根据上文可知，作者对这封信盼望已久，所以收到信后急切地打开它。
9. C 根据常识可知，高中生面临即将到来的重要考试和大学申请。
10. D 根据常识可知，高中生面临高考升学，压力很大。最后一段中的I had put a lot of pressure on myself也给出了提示。
11. A 根据上文wouldn’t worry so much in the future利live in the present可知，那时的自己希望将来的自己活在当下，享受生活。
12. A 根据下文my eighteen-year-old self did not have any demands on me可知，I8岁的作者对将来的自己没有任何要求，这与作者本来的看法相反。
13. C 根据下文I’ll support you可知，18岁的作者支持28岁的自己。
14. B 句意：即使你不是我现在想象的那个人，我也会支持你，因为也许我想象的人是别人，但你不是别人—你是我。根据下文someone else和me可知，此处应用who，表示所指的人。
15. B 根据下文tears came to my eyes和作者的感悟可知，作者被感动了。
四、语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一则新闻报道。在新型冠状病毒肺炎爆发期间，许多待在家里的人正在寻找新的爱好为了消除长期待在家里的无聊情绪，J.K.罗琳（J.K Rowling）推出了网站“Harry Potter at Home”。
1. forced
分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语形式。force与people为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，修饰people。故填forced。
2. announced
根据时间状语in early April of this year可知，“宣布”这一动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填announced。
3. to cure
aim to do sth为固定短语，意为“旨在做某事”。故填to cure。
4. who/that
分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词students and teachers，并在从句中作主语。故填who/that。
5. the
此处特指上文提到的这个新网站给人们创造的魔法世界。故填the。
6. companies company
作“公司”讲时是可数名词，根据前面的several可知，此处要用复数形式。故填companies。
7. accessible
分析句子结构可知，空处应用形容词作表语。故填accessible。
8. of
free of charge为固定短语，意为“免费”。故填of。
9. was published
根据时间状语in June1997可知，此处应用一般过去时；句子的主语与publish之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故填was published。
10. especially
分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，应用副词。故填especially。