人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第四册 Unit1 Science Fiction单元限时作业（有答案）

Unit 1 单元限时作业
一、刷阅读理解
体裁：说明文 题材：社会现象 词数：323 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[山东潍坊五县2020高三联合模拟]Last year，the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that 55 million people in the U.S. are "gig workers"，which account for more than 35 percent of the U.S. workforce. That number is projected to jump to 43 percent by 2020.
People are drawn to gig work（零工）because it brings in a little extra income without a major time commitment. And recent technologies like Skype，Slack，and Dropbox have made the gig life a reality，giving you maximum freedom，an ideal work-life balance，and the chance to pursue your passions.
If you're thinking of joining the gig economy，it's never been easier. One of the greatest things about the gig economy is that you don't have a boss breathing down your neck. As a freelancer，you no longer have to cater to a company culture or a work schedule that might cause physical or emotional stress. Instead，you get to choose the type of work you do and the people you work with. But this degree of freedom requires a corresponding amount of discipline. With no boss to make sure you're on a task，it's all up to you.
A lot of gig workers start their careers by hopping on a project because the employer is desperate and in need of help. For the employers，it's tough to take on people for higher management positions when the pool of talent is full of gig workers who haven't been given an opportunity to improve their skills. Businesses have to evolve to learn how to adapt to an influx（涌入）of temporary workers. It is harder for gig workers to become skilled and get promoted.
The workforce is becoming more advanced and educated. You have to keep learning and keep up with industry trends to maintain a competitive edge. This is true even for people in traditional office settings, but it's critical if you're your own boss.
1. What made the gig life a reality
A. The greater work-life balance.
B. New technologies.
C.A little extra money.
D. Maximum freedom.
2. What does the underlined phrase "breathing down your neck" in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Making you unable to breathe freely.
B. Standing very close behind you.
C. Threatening you by saying something.
D. Monitoring you closely.
3. What can we infer from the last but one paragraph
A. Employers should invest in training the temporary workers.
B. Gig workers start their jobs out of passion.
C. It's hard for employers to employ people for higher positions.
D. It's hard for gig workers to develop skills.
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Gig Economy
B. The Challenges of the Gig Economy
C. The Increase in the Gig Economy
D. The Reason for the Gig Economy
二、刷7选5
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明 词数：268 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[福建福州一中2021高二期中]At some point in the near future，self-driving cars may become common on the road. Self-driving cars have already been test-driven，but they are not yet available to the public.
Self-driving cars have already been test-driven thousands of miles. 1 Passengers could do things such as eating or reading on the way. Best of all，the self-driving cars that were tested experienced fewer accidents than average human drivers.
2 There are issues that must be solved before self-driving cars can be made available to the public.
One problem is that a car cannot predict problems far down the road like a driver can. 3 For example，a driver can see that a child is riding her skateboard directly across the road 0.3 km away and start to slow down. A self-driving car can react only once the child is in its immediate path.
4 They may become confused by fog，heavy rain，or road spray from another vehicle's wheels. They don't predict or “feel" that the roads have become icy like an experienced driver would. For instance，when a road is icy，a human driver would step on the brakes（刹车）more gently than when the roads are clean and dry.
Another issue is that self-driving cars have maps programmed into their memory, but these maps aren't always updated and accurate. 5 Because of this, there is no promise that a self-driving car can get a passenger to his or her destination. Perhaps one day, self-driving cars will be everywhere. However, we are not ready for that just yet.
A. Self-driving cars have disadvantages.
B. These cars had only passengers, no drivers.
C. The safety problems have already been addressed.
D. New roads are built, and old roads are closed down.
E. So why aren't self-driving cars common on the road today
F. Self-driving cars can react to things only once they actually occur.
G. Self-driving vehicles also have difficulty adjusting to weather conditions.
三、刷完形填空
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历 词数：364 难度：中 建议用时：16分钟
[湖北荆州沙市一中2021高二期中]My father was raised in a poor family without a father. The family of five struggled hard to 1 ，which caused my father to be extremely 2 with his money.
When we children-two older brothers and myself-asked him for spending money，his face turned cold，saying "If you are old enough to ask，you are old enough to 3 ".So when the need 4 ，we tried to seek jobs in the neighbourhood or sell produce from the garden.
His attitude didn't 5 as we grew into adulthood and went to jobs or college. Since none of us had a car，we had to take the bus whenever we came home. Though the bus stopped about two miles from home，Father never met us，even in fierce weather. If someone 6 ，he would say，“That's what your legs are for！"For me，the walk didn't bother me as much as the fear of walking alone along the highway and country roads. I also felt that my father didn't seem concern himself about my safety. That feeling 7 one spring evening.
It had been an extremely 8 week at college.
Tests and long hours in labs had left me 9 .I longed for home and a soft bed. As other students were met at their stops，I gazed 10 out of the window.
Finally，the bus stopped at my destination. I 11 and walked home with my luggage.
A row of hedge（树篱）was along the driveway that climbed the hill to our house. Once I turned off the highway and saw the hedge，I was always 12 because it meant that I was almost home. On that particular evening，the hedge had just come into 13 when I saw a（n） 14 moving towards the house along the top of the hedge. Upon closer 15 ，I realised it was my father. Then I knew-each time I came home，he stood behind the hedge，watching until he knew I had arrived safely. I swallowed hard against the tears. He did care，after all.
1. A. adjust B. survive C. exist D. desire
2. A. gentle B. generous C. mean D. mild
3. A. worry B. spend C. earn D. print
4. A. urged B. arose C. passed D. counted
5. A. approve B. change C. arrange D. concentrate
6. A. hesitated B. complained C. questioned D. suspected
7. A. remained B. continued C. disappeared D. erupted
8. A. colourful B. wonderful C. stressful D. sorrowful
9. A. exhausted B. embarrassed C. ashamed D. scared
10. A. happily B. eagerly C. curiously D. crazily
11. A. stepped off B. set out C. came up D. squeezed out
12. A. terrified B. inspired C. astonished D. relieved
13. A. effect B. life C. being D. view
14. A. figure B. image C. sculpture D. character
15. A. examination B. inspection C. preparation D. observation
四、刷语法填空
体裁：说明文 题材：科普知识 词数：177 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
When it comes to your brain, researchers have found there's no better superfood than a book. According to the data 1 (collect) by the Health and Retirement Study conducted by the University of Michigan, a 2 (hope) pattern came out: People who read books for as little as 30 minutes a day over several years were living an average of two years 3 (long) than people who didn't read anything at all.
Strange still, as science reminds us, reading books-especially fiction— 4 (force) your brain to think critically and make 5 (connection) between one chapter and another, and even the outside world. Also, reading stories can lead to a noticeable increase in human interaction, 6 in turn can lower stress levels.
But it doesn't mean that magazines, newspapers and web articles are useless. Any reading material that fills your mind and enlarges your vocabulary seems 7 (carry) mental benefits. Therefore, whether you're reading a page-turner 8 simply scanning the instructions on your coffee maker, many parts of your brain 9 (involve) in positive thinking. Still not inspired to give 10 a try
1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________
五、刷应用文写作
难度：中 建议用时：15分钟
假定你是李华，你校英语报开设了一个介绍影视作品的专栏，请根据下面表格中的提示为该栏目写一篇关于电影《流浪地球》的影评。
片名 《流浪地球》（The Wandering Earth）
导演 郭帆
故事梗概 该电影改编自刘慈欣的同名科幻小说。影片讲述了在不久的未来太阳即将毁灭，面对绝境，人们开启“流浪地球”计划，试图带着地球一起逃离太阳系，寻找人类的新家园的故事。
评论 该电影是中国科幻电影史上的里程碑。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.不要逐条翻译，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：里程碑landmark
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答案解析
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了零工经济，并分析了其优势和劣势。
1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的recent technologies like Skype，Slack，and Dropbox have made the gig life a reality可知，是新的技术使零工生活成为现实的。故选B项。
2.D词义猜测题。根据第三段内容，尤其是该段最后一句With no boss to make sure you're on a task，it's all up to you.可知，没有老板督促你完成任务，一切都在于你自己。由此可推知，第三段中的画线短语 breathing down your neck意为“密切监视你”。故选D项。
3.A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句和第三句For the employers，it's tough to take on people for higher management positions when the pool of talent is full of gig workers who haven't been given an opportunity to improve their skills. Businesses have to evolve to learn how to adapt to an influx of temporary workers.可知，从雇主的角度来说，当人才库中满是未曾有机会提高个人技能的零工人员时，雇主便很难招到有能力担任更高管理职位的人才，因此企业需要不断发展，以应对涌入劳动市场的零工从业者。由此可推知，雇主应投入资金培训临时工。故选A项。
4.A主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第三段第二句One of the greatest things about the gig economy is that you don't have a boss breathing down your neck.和倒数第二段最后一句It is harder for gig workers to become skilled and get promoted.可知，本文介绍了零工经济的优势和劣势。故选A项。
刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无人驾驶汽车未能被推广应用的原因。
1.B上文Self-driving cars have already been test-driven介绍无人驾驶汽车已经开始试驾；下文Passengers could do things such as eating or reading on the way.是对试驾的具体描述。B项“这些汽车里只有乘客，没有司机”承上启下，和下文一起
进一步说明试驾情况。B项中的These cars指的是上文中的Self-driving cars，passengers与下文中的Passengers相呼应，符合语境。故选B项。
2.E下文There are issues that must be solved before self-driving cars can be made available to the public.说明自动驾驶汽车还有些问题必须解决才能投入使用。E项“那么为什么无人驾驶汽车如今在路上不常见呢？”引出下文的回答，符合语境。故选E项。
3.F上文One problem is that a car cannot predict problems far down the road like a driver can.说明汽车不能预测很远的路程中会出现的问题；F项“无人驾驶汽车只有在事情真正发生时才会做出反应”承接上文，进一步解释上文，下文For example，a driver can see that a child is riding her skateboard directly across the road 0.3 km away and start to slow down.A self-driving car can react only once the child is in its immediate path.是对上文的举例说明。故选F项。
4.G下文They may become confused by fog，heavy rain，or road spray from another vehicle's wheels.说明它们（无人驾驶汽车）可能会被天气等因素所困扰，G项“无人驾驶汽车在适应天气情况方面也有困难”引出下文，下文是对选项的具体说明。
G项中的weather conditions和下文中的fog，heavy rain相呼应。故选G项。
5.D上文Another issue is that self-driving cars have maps programmed into their memory，but these maps aren't always updated and accurate.说明自动驾驶汽车内设的地图不一定准确，D项“新的道路被修建，而旧的道路被关闭”承接上文，是对上文的解释，说明道路在不断地变化，而地图不能及时更新，符合语境。故选D项。
刷完形填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的父亲总是对孩子很严苛，作者一直觉得父亲不关心自己的安全，直到一个春天的夜晚，作者回家经过家前的一排树篱，才发现父亲每次都会站在树篱后看着他，直到确认他已经安全到家。
1.B句意为：五口之家为生存苦苦挣扎，这使得父亲在用钱方面极为吝啬。根据上文My father was raised in a poor family without a father. The family of five struggled hard可知，父亲出身贫寒，一家人为了生存苦苦挣扎。故选B项。
2.C结合上文可知，父亲生长在一个贫穷的家庭，这导致父亲对钱特别吝啬。后文孩子们找父亲要钱时父亲冷脸拒绝也能体现父亲在用钱方面的吝啬。故选C项。
3.C句意为：当我们几个孩子——我和两个哥哥向他要钱的时候，他冷着脸说：“你能要就能挣。”根据后文we tried to seek jobs in the neighbourhood or sell produce from the garden可知，作者和哥哥们不得不找工作或售卖农产品，可见父亲是让他们自己去挣钱。故选C项。
4.B句意为：所以当需要（钱）的时候，我们就试着在附近找工作，或者卖菜园里的农产品。根据上文when the need可知，此处指用钱的需要出现的时候，作者他们只能自己去挣。故选B项。
5.B句意为：他的态度并没有随着我们长大成人且去工作或上大学而改变。根据后文Since none of us had a car，we had to take the bus whenever we came home.可知，作者他们长大后还是只能坐公共汽车，可见父亲吝啬的态度并没有随着孩子们长大而改变，故选B项。
6.B句意为：如果有人抱怨，他会说：“你的腿就是用来干这个的！”根据上文Though the bus stopped about two miles from home，Father never met us，even in fierce weather.可知，父亲从来不去接作者他们，即使是在天气恶劣的时候，所以作者他们难免会抱怨。故选B项。
7.C句意为：这种感觉在一个春天的晚上消失了。根据后文可知，作者在一个春天的晚上意外地发现其实父亲一直在关心着自己，所以作者的那种父亲并不关心自己安全的感觉消失了。故选C项。
8.C句意为：这是大学里压力极大的一周。根据后文Tests and long hours in labs可知，作者在学校有很多测试，而且进行了长时间的实验室工作，可见压力极大。故选C项。
9.A句意为：测试和长时间的实验室工作让我筋疲力尽。根据上文Tests and long hours in labs had left me可知，作者课业繁重，这让他筋疲力尽。故选A项。
10.B句意为：当其他学生在车站有人接时，我急切地望着窗外。根据上文I longed for home and a soft bed.可知，作者渴望回家，所以是急切地望向窗外。故选B项。
11.A句意为：我走下车，拿着行李往家走。根据后文and walked home with my luggage可知，作者下了车，准备回家。故选A项。
12.D句意为：我一拐出高速公路，看到了树篱，就如释重负，因为这意味着我快到家了。根据后文because it meant that I was almost home可知，看到树篱意味着作者要到家了，所以作者看到树篱总是感觉如释重负。故选D项。
13.D句意为：就在那天晚上，当树篱刚映入眼帘时，我看见一个人影沿着树篱的顶端朝房子走去。come into view意为“进入视野，看得见”。故选D项。
14.A句意见上一题解析。根据后文I realised it was my father可知，作者看到了一个人影，后来认出是父亲。故选A项。
15.D句意为：经过更仔细的观察，我发现那是我的父亲。根据后文I realised it was my father可知，作者一开始只是看到一个人影，经过仔细观察，才发现是父亲。故选D项。
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，对于大脑而言，没有比读书更好的超级食物了。数据表明多年来每天只读书30分钟的人比完全不读书的人平均多活两年。文章说明了阅读的好处，建议人们多阅读。
1.collected collect在此是非谓语动词作后置定语，与所修饰词data之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词。故填collected。
2.hopeful此处修饰名词pattern，应用形容词，此处表示“给人希望的”，故填hopeful。
3.longer 根据后文than people who didn't read anything at all可知，此处应填副词的比较级。故填longer。
4.forces 主句主语为动名词短语 reading books，根据从句中的reminds可知，此处应用一般现在时，故主句谓语动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填forces。
5.connections设空处作make的宾语，应用名词，此处表示“联系”，为可数名词，前面没有冠词，应用复数形式。故填connections。
6.whichin turn can lower stress levels在处为非限制性定语从句，修饰上文整个主句，且从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which。故填which。
7.to carry seem to do sth为固定短语，意为“似乎做某事”。故填to carry。
8.or whether...or引导让步状语从句，表示“无论是……还是”，表示提供的两种选择都适用于主句所提到的结果。故填or。
9.are involved 句意为：因此，无论你是在翻看一本引人入胜的书，还是只是简单地浏览一下咖啡机的使用说明，你大脑的许多部分都在积极思考。此处作主句谓语，短语 be involved in 意为“参与”，且此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语的中心语为many parts，故谓语动词用复数形式。故填are involved。
10.it 句意为：还是不想尝试一下吗？此处为短语 give it a try，表示“试一试”。
刷应用文写作
【写作提示】
1.写作要点：
（1）介绍电影片名和导演；
（2）介绍电影主要内容；
（3）对电影进行评价。
2.提分词句：be adapted from；be suitable for；be faced with；recommend；非谓语动词作状语；that引导的同位语从句等。
【参考范文】
The Wandering Earth is a science fiction film directed by Guo Fan and adapted from Liu Cixin's novel of the same name.
The film tells the story that in the near future，the sun is dying and the solar system is no longer suitable for life. Faced with the danger of human extinction，people decide to start the “Wandering Earth” project，trying to escape from the solar system with the Earth and looking for a new home for human beings.
The film is a landmark in the history of Chinese science fiction films and have been popular with the audience since its release. So I highly recommend this film.
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