人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册 Unit1 Science Fiction 单元知识梳理学案（含答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册 Unit1 Science Fiction 单元知识梳理学案（含答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-03-14 08:00:09 | ||
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Unit1单元知识梳理
一、重点单词
l. dignity n. 庄重；庄严；尊严
①有尊严地 ________
②授予封号 ________
③不失尊严 ________
④如果你错了，那就承认。你不会因此而失去尊严，反而会贏得尊重。
If you were wrong, admit it. You won’t ___________________, but will gain respect.
⑤女士先生们的举止应该总是十分端庄体面的。
Ladies and gentlemen should always act ___________________________________.
2. salary n. 薪水；薪金
①赚工资 ________
②付给某人工资 ________
③基本薪金 ________
④固定薪水 ________
⑤政府决定增加所有公务员的工资。
The government has decided ____________________ for all civil servants.
3. appointment n. 预约；约会；委任←________ v. 约定；指定(时间、地点等)；任命；委任
①与某人约会 ________
②守(违)约 ________
③公职 ________
④就职 ________
⑤这家俱乐部也对布朗医生就任主席表示祝贺。
The club also offers its congratulations to Dr. Brown _______________ as president。
4. guilty adj. 内疚的；有罪的；有过失的 n. 犯罪，过失
①感到内疚 ________
②有……罪 ________
③愧疚的心理 ________
④有罪，犯罪 ________
⑤内疚感 ________
⑥陪审团花了一些时间才得出结论认为她有罪。
It took the jury some time to reach the conclusion ________________________.
5. suspend vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓
①暂停付款 ________
②完全中断 ________
③因……而停止(中断) ________
④勒令某人停职 ________
⑤悬浮在 ________
⑥停产 ________
⑦一名联合国官员说将会暂停援助项目，直到援助车队能够得到充分的保护为止。
A UN official said aid programs ______________ until there’s adequate protection for relief convoys.
6. declare vt. 表明；宣称；公布→________ n.声明，宣告
①宣布 ________
②将……宣布为 ________
③宣布……非法 ________
④宣布摆脱……独立 ________
⑤向……宣战 ________
⑥宣称自己 ________
⑦这些稀有的鸟巢所在的岛被宣布为保护区。
The island where these rare birds nest ________________________.
7. presume vt.&vi.假设；假定→________ n.假定，推论
①推测某人无辜 ________
②我想是的 ________
③据推测 ________
④事实上我对这个案件一无所知，很多观点都只能是假设。
I’m having to ________________ since I don’t really know anything about the case.
8. calculate vt.计算；核算；预测
①计算成本 ________
②卫星使我们能够计算出它们在世界上任何地方的精确位置。
The satellite enables us to _______________________________ anywhere in the world.
③据科学家们计算，光海水提供给人类的动力就足够用一亿年以上。
____________________________ sea water alone can supply the human world with enough power for more than a hundred million years.
9. superior adj. 更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的→________ n. 优越性；优势
①比……更好；更胜一筹 ________
②上限 ________
③在……方面占优势 ________
④优于 ________
⑤我们的关系要比我们其他许多朋友的关系好得多。
We have a relationship infinitely __________________ those of many of our friends.
10. grip vt.&ⅵ紧握；抓紧
①抓住证据 ________
②抓住某人的胳膊 ________
③吸引某人的注意力 ________
④意识到危险，女孩紧紧抓住冰冷的岩石，脸色变得苍白。
Realizing the danger, the girl ______________ and her face became pale.
1l. fetch vt.(去)拿来；(去)请来
①为某人拿来某物 ________
②吸一口气 ________
③从……取来某物 ________
④你能帮我到学校把孩子接回来吗？
Would you please help me __________________
12. pace n. 速度；步伐；节奏vt.&ⅵ.确定速度；调整节奏
①以某种步伐 ________
②与……并驾齐驱 ________
③ My parents, after I had taken several _____________ (pace) from the door, called me back and told me in a whisper to take good care of myself.
13. urge n. 强烈的欲望；冲动v催促；力劝；大力推荐ad. 急迫的，紧急的→________n.紧迫；急迫；急事
①有强烈的欲望做某事 ________
②催促某人做某事 ________
③极力主张；强调 ________
④有强烈的欲望想做某事 ________
⑤强调重要性 ________
⑥当春天再次来临时，我就有了到户外活动的冲动。
I _________________ when spring comes again.
14. random adj.小随机的；不可思议的→________ adv. 任意地；随便地；胡乱地
①随便地；任意地 ________
②瞎猜 ________
③胡言乱语 ________
④我们知道抛硬币的结果是如此随机，我们不能依赖它。
We know that the outcome of a coin toss _____________ we cannot depend on it.
15. explode vt.&vi.爆炸；爆破→ ________ n.爆炸；爆发；激增
①勃然大怒 ________
②哄堂大笑 ________
③他们经过时，一辆停放着的汽车爆炸了，他们受了伤。
They were injured when _______________________ as they passed by.
16. jolt. n. 震动；摇晃；颠簸vt.&vi. (使)震动；摇晃→________ adj.感到震的
①对某人是个震惊 ________
②被……震惊 ________
③聚会上的每个人听到这个消息时都目瞪口呆。
On hearing the news everyone in the party _____________________ (jolt).
答案1. ① with dignity ② confer a dignity ③3 maintain dignity ④ lose dignity ⑤ with great dignity
2. ① earn/get/receive a salary ② pay sb a salary ③ basic salary ④ fixed salary ⑤ to increase salaries
3. appoint ① make/have an appointment with sb ② keep(break) an appointment ③ public appointment ④ take up an appointment ⑤ on his appointment
4. guilt ① feel guilty ② be guilty of ③ guilty conscience ④ guilty of a crime
⑤ a sense of guilt ⑥ that she was guilty
5. ① suspend payment ② suspend entirely ③ suspend on ④ suspend sb. from duty ⑤ be suspended ⑥ in suspend production ⑦will be suspended
6. declaration ① declare that. ② declare. to be ③ declare sth. illegal ④ declare independence from ⑤ declare war on. . ⑥ declare oneself to be has been declared
7. presumption ①presume sb. innocent ② I presume so ③ It is presumed that. . ④ make a lot of presumptions
8. ① calculate the cost ② calculate their precise location ③ It has been calculated by scientists that
9. superiority ① (be) superior to ② superior limit ③ (be) superior in ④ have superiority over superior to
10. ① grip the evidence ② grip sb s arm ③ grip sb.’s attention ④ gripped the icy rock
11. ① fetch sb sth. /fetch sth. for sb. ② fetch a breath ③ fetch sth. from ④ fetch the children from school
12. ①at a(n)… pace ② keep pace with ③ paces
13. urgent, urgency ① have/feel an urge to do sth ②urge sb to do/into doing sth. ③ urge that. (should) do sth. ④ It is urged that. (should) do sth. ⑤ urge upon the necessity ⑥ feel the urge to be outside
14. randomly ① at random ② a random guess ③ random remarks ④ is so random that
15. explosion ① explode with rage/anger ② explode into laughter ③ a parked car exploded
16. jolted ① a real jolt to sb. ② be jolted by ③was/felt jolted
二、重点短语
l. test out检验；测试
①尝试，考验，验证 ________
②分发；用完 ________
③省略；遗漏 ________
④证明是；结果是 ________
⑤扑灭 ________
⑥然而，夏威夷提供了一个以低价来检验这种技术的理想场所。
Hawaii, however, provides an ideal location to ________________ the technology at a low price.
2. more like更像是；更接近
①这才像话。________
②绝对不可能！才不呢！________
③这个小姑娘长得越来越像她妈妈了。
The little girl is growing to be more and _________________ her mother.
3. on a…basis根据；以……的方式(基准)
①根据；在……的基础上；基于 ________
②以定期方式 ________
③我们是在试验的基础上得出这个结论的。
We drew this conclusion _________________.
4. take over占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
①吸收；欺骗 ________
②呈现；雇用 ________
③收回(诺言)；带回 ________
④她认定我是接手这份工作的最佳人选。
She decided that I was the ideal person _________________________.
5. turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
①调高(音量等)；出现，到来 ________
②调低(音量等)；拒绝 ________
③打开(水、煤气、电灯等) ________
④关掉(水、煤气、电灯等) ________
⑤转身 ________
⑥有时事情并不像我们认为的那样发展。
Sometimes things don’t _______________ we think they’re going to.
6. fall away(逐渐)减少；消失
①落后；拖欠 ________
②后退，后撤，撤退，退让；食言 ________
③数量减少；质量下降 ________
④跌倒；掉下；倒塌；失败 ________
⑤争吵；解散 ________
答案1. ① try out ② give out ③ leave out ④ turn out ⑤ put out ⑥ test out
2. ①That’s more like it. ② Not likely! ③ more like
3. ① on the basis of ② on a regular basis ③ on the basis of experiments
4. ① take in ② take on ③ take back ④ to take over the job
5. ① turn up ② turn down ③ turn on ④ turn off ⑤ turn around ⑥ turn out the way
6. ① fall behind ② fall back ③ fall off ④ fall down ⑤ fall out
三、重点句式
1. be away+一段时间…
教材原句
①克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里，特别是她丈夫出差三周期间
Claire didn’t want the robot in her house, especially as her husband _____________ on a business trip for three weeks
句式仿写
②关于他的旅行，她一无所知，只知道他大概要离开半个月。
She knew nothing about his journey but that he was likely to __________________.
2. suggest的宾语从句
教材原句
①他建议她在他离开的前一天，也就是拉里回来之前的那
天晚上，邀请格拉迪丝和她的朋友到家里来玩。
He suggested that she ____________ and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return.
句式仿写
②医生建议我远离多油的食品，因为它不容易消化。
The doctor suggested that I ________________ oily food because it doesn’t digest easily.
3. It will not be long before. 用不了多久就会……
教材原句
①说到游戏，2017年是人工智能在众多游戏中击败人类的年，以至于人工智能研究人员表示，用不了多久，人工智能就能在几乎所有游戏中获胜。
When it comes to games, 2017 became a year in which AI defeated humans in so many games that ____________ AI researchers say AI can win at almost everything.
句式仿写
②我们相信用不了多久我们的家用电器产品就会走向世界。
We believe that _________________ our house-hold electrical appliances products go to the world.
4. with复合结构
教材原句
①随着考试被改编成盲文，一名盲人高中生在高考中获得了630分(总分650分)。
___________________________________ into braille. a blind senior high school student scored 630 points out of 650 in the College Entrance Examination.
句式仿写
②因为妈妈生病了，我无法如期去度假。
I won’t be able to go on holiday as scheduled ________________________________.
5. 强调句型：Itis/was+被强调部分+that+其他教材原句
①今天十点钟，第一个时间机器开始了它的工作。
_________________________________ the first of all Time machines began its career.
句式仿写
②第29届夏季奥运会是在哪里举行的？
______________________________________________________
③他是因为病了才没来参加我们的聚会。
___________________________________________________
答案1. ① would be away ② be away for half a month
2. ① invite Gladys ② keep away from
3. it will not be long before ② it will not be long before
4. With exams being adapted ② with my mother being ill
5. It was at ten o’clock today that ② Where was it that the 29th Summer Olympic Games took place ③ It was because he was ill that he didn’t come to our party.
20 / 20
一、重点单词
l. dignity n. 庄重；庄严；尊严
①有尊严地 ________
②授予封号 ________
③不失尊严 ________
④如果你错了，那就承认。你不会因此而失去尊严，反而会贏得尊重。
If you were wrong, admit it. You won’t ___________________, but will gain respect.
⑤女士先生们的举止应该总是十分端庄体面的。
Ladies and gentlemen should always act ___________________________________.
2. salary n. 薪水；薪金
①赚工资 ________
②付给某人工资 ________
③基本薪金 ________
④固定薪水 ________
⑤政府决定增加所有公务员的工资。
The government has decided ____________________ for all civil servants.
3. appointment n. 预约；约会；委任←________ v. 约定；指定(时间、地点等)；任命；委任
①与某人约会 ________
②守(违)约 ________
③公职 ________
④就职 ________
⑤这家俱乐部也对布朗医生就任主席表示祝贺。
The club also offers its congratulations to Dr. Brown _______________ as president。
4. guilty adj. 内疚的；有罪的；有过失的 n. 犯罪，过失
①感到内疚 ________
②有……罪 ________
③愧疚的心理 ________
④有罪，犯罪 ________
⑤内疚感 ________
⑥陪审团花了一些时间才得出结论认为她有罪。
It took the jury some time to reach the conclusion ________________________.
5. suspend vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓
①暂停付款 ________
②完全中断 ________
③因……而停止(中断) ________
④勒令某人停职 ________
⑤悬浮在 ________
⑥停产 ________
⑦一名联合国官员说将会暂停援助项目，直到援助车队能够得到充分的保护为止。
A UN official said aid programs ______________ until there’s adequate protection for relief convoys.
6. declare vt. 表明；宣称；公布→________ n.声明，宣告
①宣布 ________
②将……宣布为 ________
③宣布……非法 ________
④宣布摆脱……独立 ________
⑤向……宣战 ________
⑥宣称自己 ________
⑦这些稀有的鸟巢所在的岛被宣布为保护区。
The island where these rare birds nest ________________________.
7. presume vt.&vi.假设；假定→________ n.假定，推论
①推测某人无辜 ________
②我想是的 ________
③据推测 ________
④事实上我对这个案件一无所知，很多观点都只能是假设。
I’m having to ________________ since I don’t really know anything about the case.
8. calculate vt.计算；核算；预测
①计算成本 ________
②卫星使我们能够计算出它们在世界上任何地方的精确位置。
The satellite enables us to _______________________________ anywhere in the world.
③据科学家们计算，光海水提供给人类的动力就足够用一亿年以上。
____________________________ sea water alone can supply the human world with enough power for more than a hundred million years.
9. superior adj. 更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的→________ n. 优越性；优势
①比……更好；更胜一筹 ________
②上限 ________
③在……方面占优势 ________
④优于 ________
⑤我们的关系要比我们其他许多朋友的关系好得多。
We have a relationship infinitely __________________ those of many of our friends.
10. grip vt.&ⅵ紧握；抓紧
①抓住证据 ________
②抓住某人的胳膊 ________
③吸引某人的注意力 ________
④意识到危险，女孩紧紧抓住冰冷的岩石，脸色变得苍白。
Realizing the danger, the girl ______________ and her face became pale.
1l. fetch vt.(去)拿来；(去)请来
①为某人拿来某物 ________
②吸一口气 ________
③从……取来某物 ________
④你能帮我到学校把孩子接回来吗？
Would you please help me __________________
12. pace n. 速度；步伐；节奏vt.&ⅵ.确定速度；调整节奏
①以某种步伐 ________
②与……并驾齐驱 ________
③ My parents, after I had taken several _____________ (pace) from the door, called me back and told me in a whisper to take good care of myself.
13. urge n. 强烈的欲望；冲动v催促；力劝；大力推荐ad. 急迫的，紧急的→________n.紧迫；急迫；急事
①有强烈的欲望做某事 ________
②催促某人做某事 ________
③极力主张；强调 ________
④有强烈的欲望想做某事 ________
⑤强调重要性 ________
⑥当春天再次来临时，我就有了到户外活动的冲动。
I _________________ when spring comes again.
14. random adj.小随机的；不可思议的→________ adv. 任意地；随便地；胡乱地
①随便地；任意地 ________
②瞎猜 ________
③胡言乱语 ________
④我们知道抛硬币的结果是如此随机，我们不能依赖它。
We know that the outcome of a coin toss _____________ we cannot depend on it.
15. explode vt.&vi.爆炸；爆破→ ________ n.爆炸；爆发；激增
①勃然大怒 ________
②哄堂大笑 ________
③他们经过时，一辆停放着的汽车爆炸了，他们受了伤。
They were injured when _______________________ as they passed by.
16. jolt. n. 震动；摇晃；颠簸vt.&vi. (使)震动；摇晃→________ adj.感到震的
①对某人是个震惊 ________
②被……震惊 ________
③聚会上的每个人听到这个消息时都目瞪口呆。
On hearing the news everyone in the party _____________________ (jolt).
答案1. ① with dignity ② confer a dignity ③3 maintain dignity ④ lose dignity ⑤ with great dignity
2. ① earn/get/receive a salary ② pay sb a salary ③ basic salary ④ fixed salary ⑤ to increase salaries
3. appoint ① make/have an appointment with sb ② keep(break) an appointment ③ public appointment ④ take up an appointment ⑤ on his appointment
4. guilt ① feel guilty ② be guilty of ③ guilty conscience ④ guilty of a crime
⑤ a sense of guilt ⑥ that she was guilty
5. ① suspend payment ② suspend entirely ③ suspend on ④ suspend sb. from duty ⑤ be suspended ⑥ in suspend production ⑦will be suspended
6. declaration ① declare that. ② declare. to be ③ declare sth. illegal ④ declare independence from ⑤ declare war on. . ⑥ declare oneself to be has been declared
7. presumption ①presume sb. innocent ② I presume so ③ It is presumed that. . ④ make a lot of presumptions
8. ① calculate the cost ② calculate their precise location ③ It has been calculated by scientists that
9. superiority ① (be) superior to ② superior limit ③ (be) superior in ④ have superiority over superior to
10. ① grip the evidence ② grip sb s arm ③ grip sb.’s attention ④ gripped the icy rock
11. ① fetch sb sth. /fetch sth. for sb. ② fetch a breath ③ fetch sth. from ④ fetch the children from school
12. ①at a(n)… pace ② keep pace with ③ paces
13. urgent, urgency ① have/feel an urge to do sth ②urge sb to do/into doing sth. ③ urge that. (should) do sth. ④ It is urged that. (should) do sth. ⑤ urge upon the necessity ⑥ feel the urge to be outside
14. randomly ① at random ② a random guess ③ random remarks ④ is so random that
15. explosion ① explode with rage/anger ② explode into laughter ③ a parked car exploded
16. jolted ① a real jolt to sb. ② be jolted by ③was/felt jolted
二、重点短语
l. test out检验；测试
①尝试，考验，验证 ________
②分发；用完 ________
③省略；遗漏 ________
④证明是；结果是 ________
⑤扑灭 ________
⑥然而，夏威夷提供了一个以低价来检验这种技术的理想场所。
Hawaii, however, provides an ideal location to ________________ the technology at a low price.
2. more like更像是；更接近
①这才像话。________
②绝对不可能！才不呢！________
③这个小姑娘长得越来越像她妈妈了。
The little girl is growing to be more and _________________ her mother.
3. on a…basis根据；以……的方式(基准)
①根据；在……的基础上；基于 ________
②以定期方式 ________
③我们是在试验的基础上得出这个结论的。
We drew this conclusion _________________.
4. take over占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
①吸收；欺骗 ________
②呈现；雇用 ________
③收回(诺言)；带回 ________
④她认定我是接手这份工作的最佳人选。
She decided that I was the ideal person _________________________.
5. turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
①调高(音量等)；出现，到来 ________
②调低(音量等)；拒绝 ________
③打开(水、煤气、电灯等) ________
④关掉(水、煤气、电灯等) ________
⑤转身 ________
⑥有时事情并不像我们认为的那样发展。
Sometimes things don’t _______________ we think they’re going to.
6. fall away(逐渐)减少；消失
①落后；拖欠 ________
②后退，后撤，撤退，退让；食言 ________
③数量减少；质量下降 ________
④跌倒；掉下；倒塌；失败 ________
⑤争吵；解散 ________
答案1. ① try out ② give out ③ leave out ④ turn out ⑤ put out ⑥ test out
2. ①That’s more like it. ② Not likely! ③ more like
3. ① on the basis of ② on a regular basis ③ on the basis of experiments
4. ① take in ② take on ③ take back ④ to take over the job
5. ① turn up ② turn down ③ turn on ④ turn off ⑤ turn around ⑥ turn out the way
6. ① fall behind ② fall back ③ fall off ④ fall down ⑤ fall out
三、重点句式
1. be away+一段时间…
教材原句
①克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里，特别是她丈夫出差三周期间
Claire didn’t want the robot in her house, especially as her husband _____________ on a business trip for three weeks
句式仿写
②关于他的旅行，她一无所知，只知道他大概要离开半个月。
She knew nothing about his journey but that he was likely to __________________.
2. suggest的宾语从句
教材原句
①他建议她在他离开的前一天，也就是拉里回来之前的那
天晚上，邀请格拉迪丝和她的朋友到家里来玩。
He suggested that she ____________ and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return.
句式仿写
②医生建议我远离多油的食品，因为它不容易消化。
The doctor suggested that I ________________ oily food because it doesn’t digest easily.
3. It will not be long before. 用不了多久就会……
教材原句
①说到游戏，2017年是人工智能在众多游戏中击败人类的年，以至于人工智能研究人员表示，用不了多久，人工智能就能在几乎所有游戏中获胜。
When it comes to games, 2017 became a year in which AI defeated humans in so many games that ____________ AI researchers say AI can win at almost everything.
句式仿写
②我们相信用不了多久我们的家用电器产品就会走向世界。
We believe that _________________ our house-hold electrical appliances products go to the world.
4. with复合结构
教材原句
①随着考试被改编成盲文，一名盲人高中生在高考中获得了630分(总分650分)。
___________________________________ into braille. a blind senior high school student scored 630 points out of 650 in the College Entrance Examination.
句式仿写
②因为妈妈生病了，我无法如期去度假。
I won’t be able to go on holiday as scheduled ________________________________.
5. 强调句型：Itis/was+被强调部分+that+其他教材原句
①今天十点钟，第一个时间机器开始了它的工作。
_________________________________ the first of all Time machines began its career.
句式仿写
②第29届夏季奥运会是在哪里举行的？
______________________________________________________
③他是因为病了才没来参加我们的聚会。
___________________________________________________
答案1. ① would be away ② be away for half a month
2. ① invite Gladys ② keep away from
3. it will not be long before ② it will not be long before
4. With exams being adapted ② with my mother being ill
5. It was at ten o’clock today that ② Where was it that the 29th Summer Olympic Games took place ③ It was because he was ill that he didn’t come to our party.
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