人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册 Unit4 Adversity and Courage 单元过关检测（含解析）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册 Unit4 Adversity and Courage 单元过关检测（含解析） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-03-14 12:55:21 | ||
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Unit4 单元过关检测
第一部分 阅读
[共两节, 满分50分]
第一节（共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2019 北京卷）Want to explore new cultures, meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time You can do all the three with Global Development Association （GDA）. Whatever stage of life you’re at, wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA, you’ll create positive changes in a poor and remote community（社区）.
We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24. Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75. They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes. We have such roles as project managers, mountain leaders, and communication officers.
Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a community’s access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures. You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.
Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, you’ll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. You may have chances to meet new people who’ll become your lifelong friends.
This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes：
Country Schedule
4-week programmes 7-week programmes
Algeria 5 Jul.—1 Aug. 20 Jun.—7 Aug.
Egypt 24 Jul.—20 Aug. 19 Jun.—6 Aug.
Kenya 20 Jul.—16 Aug. 18 Jun.—5 Aug.
South Africa 2 Aug.—29 Aug. 15 Jun.—2 Aug.
GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed. All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.
There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.
Find out more about joining a GDA programme：
Website：www. glodeve. org
Email：humanresources@glodeve. org
1. What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers
A. To seek local partners.
B. To take in young volunteers.
C. To carry out programmes.
D. To foster cultural awareness.
2. The programme beginning in August will operate in ________.
A. Egypt
B. Algeria
C. Kenya
D. South Africa
3. The shared goal of GDA’s projects is to ________.
A. explore new cultures
B. protect the environment
C. gain corporate benefits
D. help communities in need
B
（2020 新高考全国 I 卷）Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor’s degree.
Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition（学费）, because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.
Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves：nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree： Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.
Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed（牺牲）to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. “Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,” she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family—and that’s pretty powerful.
4. What did Jennifer do after high school
A. She helped her dad with his work.
B. She ran the family farm on her own.
C. She supported herself through college.
D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home.
5. Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in Marshfield
A. To take care of her kids easily.
B. To learn from the best nurses.
C. To save money for her parents.
D. To find a well-paid job there.
6. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal
A. Her health.
B. Her time with family.
C. Her reputation.
D. Her chance of promotion.
7. What can we learn from Jennifer’s story
A. Time is money.
B. Love breaks down barriers.
C. Hard work pays off.
D. Education is the key to success.
C
My First Marathon（马拉松）
（2018 北京卷）A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.
I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P. E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was “not athletic”.
The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!
The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces（鞋带） became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted! At mile 3, I passed a sign：“GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!” By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then miming again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running.
I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.
Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels（世俗标签）, I can now call myself a “marathon winner”.
8. A month before the marathon, the author ________.
A. was well trained
B. felt scared
C. made up his mind to run
D. lost hope
9. Why did the author mention the P. E. class in his 7th year
A. To acknowledge the support of his teacher.
B. To amuse the readers with a funny story.
C. To show he was not talented in sports.
D. To share a precious memory.
10. How was the author’s first marathon
A. He made it.
B. He quit halfway.
C. He got the first prize.
D. He walked to the end.
11. What does the story mainly tell us
A. A man owes his success to his family support.
B. A winner is one with a great effort of will.
C. Failure is the mother of success.
D. One is never too old to learn.
D
（2019 全国 I 卷）For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N. Y., today is speech day, and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
But he’s nervous. “I’m here to tell you today why you should...should...” Chris trips on the “-Id,” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support. “...Vote for...me...” Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
A son of immigrants, Chris started learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls（回想起）how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student,” Whaley explains, “especially for a student who is learning English as their new language, to feel confident enough to say, ‘I don’t know, but I want to know.’”
Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast（夸耀）about themselves.
“Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities, ’’ Whaley says, “is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”
12. What made Chris nervous
A. Telling a story.
B. Making a speech.
C. Taking a test.
D. Answering a question.
13. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Improper pauses.
B. Bad manners.
C. Spelling mistakes.
D. Silly jokes.
14. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to ________.
A. help students see their own strengths
B. assess students5 public speaking skills
C. prepare students for their future jobs
D. inspire students’ love for politics
15. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher
A. Humorous.
B. Ambitious.
C. Caring.
D. Demanding.
第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
（2020 全国 I 卷）We all want it... to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 16 Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
17 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world.
Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 18 You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate（有同情心） response “That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.”
Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 19
Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 20 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are
A. Feeling upset again
B. Where do you start
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start
第二部分 语言运用
[共两节, 满分30分]
第一节（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个 选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2020 江苏卷改编）Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success 21 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 22 in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no 23 of knowing that his life was to change completely. The class experiment that day was to 24 how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling （冒泡）to the surface. Somehow, the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat 25 held something more volatile （易挥发的）than water. When Wilson heated it, the container 26 , leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents 27 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had happened to their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as 28 . He learned braille （盲文）quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a（n） 29 public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from 30 for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to 31 his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue 32 it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 33 Wilson made to preventing the preventable.
Wilson received several international 34 for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a vision. He proved that it’s not what happens to us that 35 our lives—it’s what we make of what happens.
21. A. depends B. holds C. keeps D. reflects
22. A. dilemmas B. accidents C. events D. steps
23. A. way B. hope C. plan D. measure
24. A. direct B. show C. advocate D. declare
25. A. mistakenly B. casually C. amazingly D. clumsily
26. A. erupted B. exploded C. emptied D. exposed
27. A. deserved B. attempted C. cared D. agreed
28. A. fantastic B. extraordinary C. impressive D. catastrophic
29. A. accomplished B. crucial C. specific D. innocent
30. A. deafness B. depression C. blindness D. speechlessness
31. A. decide B. abandon C. control D. accept
32. A. until B. when C. unless D. before
33. A. opposition B. adjustments C. commitment D. limitations
34. A. scholarships B. rewards C. awards D. bonuses
35. A. distinguishes B. determines C. claims D. limits
第二节（共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2020 全国 I 卷）China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe （探测器）—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—36 （touch） down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 37 （extreme）challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 38 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 39 （interesting） to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters（环形山）, more so 40 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 41 （find） and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists, ” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 42 （mean） we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 43 （ construct）.” Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 4436 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 45 （it） plans for a future lunar（月球的）base are practical.
第三部分 写作
[共两节, 满分40分]
第一节（满分15分）
（2021·浙江杭州学军中学高三期末）假设你是李华, 你校英语口语社将换届选举, 你欲参选社长, 请你写一篇英语竞选演讲稿, 进行口头竞选演讲。内容包括：
1. 竞选职位；
2. 个人优势；
3. 当选设想。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
（2021 山东济南高三期末）My 11-year-old daughter, Elizabeth, started to talk about quitting swimming, which broke my heart because she loves swimming. So when the swim season began, I cut a deal with her. She would practice three times a week and try really hard. I wouldn’t make her compete in the swim meets. Elizabeth does not like swim meets. She gets horribly nervous but not because she wants to win. She doesn’t care if she wins.
Recently, Elizabeth’s team announced a special swim night ： Members 11 and older would swim a timed 50 meters relay. It wasn’t exactly a meet, because it would involve only team members. That was my view. Elizabeth argued that it absolutely was a meet because there would be races. I told Elizabeth I really wanted her to go. She fought back angrily but finally agreed.
When the day of the special swim night arrived, Elizabeth was nervous. She was the youngest person and shorter by at least a foot than most of the other kids. She panicked when it was time for the T-shirt relay. The relay works like this： One person from each relay team puts on a T-shirt, a pair of socks and a swim cap; swims 50 meters; and gets out of the pool. She takes off the clothes and puts them on the next person, who then swims 50 meters. This continues until everyone on the team has completed a lap.
Then it was Elizabeth’s turn to swim. She seemed to swim faster in the T-shirt and socks than she did when she wasn’t wearing them. Approaching the halfway mark, Elizabeth was in the lead. Suddenly, somebody noticed that one of Elizabeth’s socks had fallen off and was floating （漂）in the pool. “She has to get that sock on before the end of the race,” a swimming official told Elizabeth’s team, “or you will be disqualified.”
Everybody on her team started screaming, “Elizabeth! Get the sock!”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On the ride home, she shared her moment of winning again and again.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了 GDA项目并为该项目招募志愿管理人员。
1. C 细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词volunteer managers可直接定位到语篇第二段第三、四句，根据其内容可知，他们对于 GDA项目的安全有效运行起着非常重要的作用，所以C项“执行项目”为正确选项。
2. D 细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词beginning in August可直接定位到活动项目日程表的最后一栏，根据本部分中的关键信息South Africa 2 Aug. —29 Aug.可知，8月份开始的项目是在南非。
3. D 推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词shared goal of GDA’s projects可直接定位到日程表下面语段的最后一句，根据本句内容可知，该项目的目的是促进贫困偏远地区的发展，故D项 “帮助有需要的地区”为正确选项。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。从小在农场长大的詹妮弗高中毕业后一边工作一边读技术学院，还供家中弟弟妹妹上学，成家后又重返校园攻读学位。她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩毕业，还给家人，尤其是她的三个孩子树立了榜样，让他们得到了激励。
4. C推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词after high school可直接定位到第二段第三句。根据本句内容可知，詹妮弗髙中毕业后上了当地的一所技术学院，因为家里没有多余的钱供她上大学， 所以她自己工作挣钱支付学费，故选C项“她自食其力读完了大学”。
5. A细节理解题。根据题干中的Ministry Saint Joseph’s Hospital可定位到第三段。根据本段第三句中的because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home 以及第四句 “She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids.” 可知，詹妮弗选择这个项目是因为离家近，这样便于她照顾孩子。
6. B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Jennifer sacrificed to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. ”可知，詹妮弗为了实现目标，牺牲了很多夜晚陪伴孩子的时光，错过了很多重要的活动，故B项“她和家人在一起的时光”与原文意思相符。
7. C主旨大意题。文章讲述了詹妮弗一边工作一边读完技术学院，还供弟弟妹妹上学，成家后又重返校园，最后成功取得学位的故事。C项“努力就会有回报”符合文意。A项“时间就是金钱”、 B项“爱能打破障碍”和D项“教育是成功的关键”均不符合文意。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者不畏艰难，挑战自我，坚持跑完马拉松，实现了一次从自我砥砺到自我认知的人生“长跑”的励志故事。本文告诉我们：只要勇于挑战，拼搏进取，人人皆为胜者。
8. C 细节理解题。由第一段第二句“Yet, I was determined to go ahead.” 并结合上句的 leaving me only two weeks to train 可知，虽然作者在马拉松前一个月脚踝受伤需休息两个周，但他决心在仅剩的两周训练时间里继续前行，去参加马拉松长跑。此处 的关键信息determined与选项C中的made up his mind相吻合。
9. C 推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was ‘ not athletic’.” 可知，作者列举小时候第一次上体育课的例子，说明自己跑圈不行，打垒球也不行，所以老师告诉作者他不擅长体育运动。这显然表明了作者在运动方面没有天赋，与选项C的意思匹配。
10. A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished!” 可知，作者跑完了这次马拉松。这与选项A中的made it （做成）意思吻合。选项B说作者中途退出马拉松长跑，这与I finished不吻合；选项C说作者获 得一等奖，这与原文倒数第二段中的第一句“I was one of the final runners to finish.”矛盾，故排除C项；而D项说作者步行走到终点，但根据原文倒数第五段最后一句“Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.” 可知，作者走了一会儿，然后继续跑，故排除D项。
11. B主旨大意题。根据作者对自己跑马拉松情况的叙述可知，对于一位脚踝有伤、不具有运动天赋的人来说去跑马拉松面临的挑战可想而知，但作者不畏艰难，凭着强大的意志力，最后成功到达终点，显然就是选项B提到的“一位具有强大意志力的获胜者”。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小学教师Whaley通过组织学生演讲来帮助学生增强自信的教学实践。
12. B 细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词nervous可定位到第二段第一句，然后应到前文中找使他紧张的因素。根据第一段中的 “...today is speech day, and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn.” 和 “...he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.”可知，今天是演讲日，现在轮到了 Chris，虽然他看起 来像是那种喜欢在公共场合讲话的孩子，但是他很紧张。由此可知，演讲使Chris紧张。
13. A 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的you should...should...以及“...Vote for...me...”这样的语句特点可知，Chris的演讲不流畅，也就是 说有不适当的停顿。这是他表现不好的地方，与画线词后的句意“Chris完成得出奇的好”构成转折关系，与短语except for的语意相呼应。
14. A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast about themselves.” 可知， Whaley创办这个项目的目的不仅仅是让学生学会阅读和在公共场合演讲，他还希望学生学会自夸。A项意为“帮助学生看到自己的长处”,与原文意思相符。
15. C推理判断题。文章介绍了 Whaley老师通过创办“总统竞选项目”，组织学生演讲来帮助学生增强自信。根据第二段中的“His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support.” 和 “...Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.” 等细节也 可看出Whaley老师是一个关心学生的老师。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四个自我接纳的小技巧。 本文旨在让读者接受自我，做一个健康的自己，倡导自尊自信、乐观向上的人生态度。
16. B 关联逻辑法解题。文章标题A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance及空格前的“接受和爱自己似乎很难”，空格后的“这里有一些建议可以让你朝正确的方向发展”，均暗示空格处表示“该如何开始”，选项B “你从哪里开始呢？ ”与之对应。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
17. F设题位置法解题。根据此题所在的位置可知，此处是本段的中心句。根据下文 “Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world.” 可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己与别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。选项F “别再拿自己与别人作比较”与之对应。本设空类型属于段落主题句类。
18. D 关联逻辑法解题。本段的中心句“Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.（原谅自己所犯的错误）”及下文的“You will make mistakes，time and time again.（你会一次又一次地犯错误）”暗示空格处表示“你只是个人，是人都会犯错误”，选项 D与之对应。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
19. C关联逻辑法解题。本段的主题是“认可自己的优点”。根据空格前的“你有了一份工作，拿到了文凭，而且今天起床了”可知，任何小事都是值得认可的，故选项C “没有什么小事是不值得庆祝的”符合语境。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
20. A关联逻辑法解题。本段的主题是“列出自己的优点，再列出缺点。找到缺点后，再去看自己的优点”。根据空格后的“在你的日记中翻到你的优点和成就清单的一页”可知，空格前表示 “如果你感到沮丧、不高兴的话”,选项A与之对应。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍约翰 威尔逊在实验中因出现事故而失明，但他没有被命运击倒，而是努力奋斗改变命运，最后取得成功。文章告诉我们一个道理：我们的生活不是取决于发生在我们身上的事情，而是取决于我们对发生的事情的态度。
21. A上文语境题。上文提到仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的，由此可知此处意为“成功从根本上取决于（depend on）我们对 自己和对生活中所发生事件的看法”。
22. C 上下文语境题。由语境可知，成功取决于我们对生活中所发生事件（event）的看法。
23. A下文语境题。根据下文可知，威尔逊发生事故是始料未及的。have no way of knowing没办法知道，符合语境。
24. B上下文语境题。根据主语the class experiment可知，实验是要展示（show）一种现象。direct管理，指导；advocate提倡，拥护; declare 宣布。
25. A 下文语境题。根据下文的 something more volatile than water可知本该装水的容器误（mistakenly）装了其他溶液。casually 随便地;amazingly令人惊讶地;clumsily笨拙地。
26. B 下文语境题。根据下文的 leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes可知，容器爆炸（explode）了，导致他眼睛失明。erupt爆发; empty使……成为空的；expose揭露。
27. B上下文语境题。根据语境可知，他的父母试图（attempt）找到应对这次灾祸的方法。
28. D 上下文语境题。由上文的deal with the catastrophe及下文的叙述可知，虽然父母觉得这是灾祸，但他没有把这次事故看成是灾难性的（catastrophic）。fantastic奇异的，极好的； extraordinary非凡的；impressive让人印象深刻的。
29. A上下文语境题。由语境可知，在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为一名技艺高超的（accomplished）演说家。crucial 决定性的；specific特定的；innocent天真的，无辜的。
30. C上下文语境题。根据上文他的眼睛失明，并结合下文的for lack of proper treatment可知非洲有很多人因缺少恰当的治疗而失明（blindness）。
31. D上下文语境题。根据动宾搭配并结合文意可知，对他来说，接受（accept）自己失明的命运是一回事，而在可以如此容易解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。decide决定; abandon 抛弃；control 控制。
32. B下文语境题。根据下文“This moved him to action.”可知，对他用一般现在时；主语是it,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。来说在可以如此容易解决的情况下，让事情继续下去完全是 另一回事。when “当……的时候”，符合此处语境。
33. C 下文语境题。根据下文的定语从句可知，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人因为威尔逊做出的奉献（commitment）而得以看见光 明。opposition 反对；adjustment 调整；limitation 限制。
34. C下文语境题。根据下文的for his great contributions可知，他获得了几项国际大奖（award）。scholarship奖学金；reward报酬； bonus奖金。
35. B上文语境题。全文给我们讲述了一个道理，那就是“it’s not what happens to us that determines our lives—it’s what we make of what happens （不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活是我们如何看待发生的事情）”。determine决定，符合语境。distinguish 区分；claim 宣称；limit 限制。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道，嫦娥四号无人探测器在月球背面成功软着陆，中国成为第一个使探测器在月球背面软着陆的国家。文章彰显了民族自豪感。
36. touched 考查时态。句子主语是 the unmanned Chang’e-4 probe, 谓语动词是touch。根据时间状语last week可判断用一般过去时。 touch down意为“（飞机等）降落，着陆”。
37. extremely 考查词性转换（形容词变副词）。修饰形容词 challenging 应用 extreme 的副词形式 extremely。
38. where考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰a spot，且所填词在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。
39. interest考查词性转换（形容词变名词）。此处是“be of +名词” 结构，be of interest to sb.意为“对某人有吸引力”。
40. than考查more...than...的用法。根据前面的比较级more可知， 此处是将 the far side of the moon 和 the familiar near side 进行比较， 故填than。
41. to find考查非谓语动词（不定式）。use sth. to do sth.表示“用某 物做某事”，不定式表示目的。
42. means考查时态和主谓一致。根据直接引语中的excites可判断用一般现在时；主语是it，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。
43. is constructed考查时态和语态。整句话的时态为一般现在时，且 the moon与construct （组成，构成）之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。
44. much考查how much的用法。此处意为“它含有多少冰和其他宝藏”，所填词修饰ice，故用much。
45. its考查代词。所填词修饰后面的plans，故填it的形容词性物主代词形式its。
第一节 One possible version：
Good afternoon，my dear friends.
My name is Li Hua. I am here to run for the president of our Oral English Club.
I’m confident that I am qualified for this job because I am outgoing, and skilled at organizing different kinds of activities. Besides, I can speak English fluently. If I am lucky enough to be the president，I will organize more activities like English Comer and English Speech Contest, to provide a platform for us to improve our English oral skills. I sincerely hope you will vote for me.
Thank you.
第二节 One possible version：
Everybody on her team started screaming，“Elizabeth! Get the sock!” However, she couldn’t hear them. It was time for desperate measures. A girl on my daughter’s team jumped in the pool, grabbed the sock, and swam after Elizabeth. “You have to put the sock on,” the girl screamed. The girl in lane two was about to pass Elizabeth. With the sock finally on, Elizabeth swam her heart out for the last 15 meters. It was close. But Elizabeth beat the other girl to the wall for the victory.
On the ride home，she shared her moment of winning again and again. She talked about how scared she was when someone grabbed her foot and how funny it was when she came to the finish and how great the night was. She told me that if the T-shirt relay was an Olympic event—and she was quite sure it should be—her team would win the gold medal.
I told her that in my professional opinion，she was absolutely right.
2 / 2
第一部分 阅读
[共两节, 满分50分]
第一节（共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2019 北京卷）Want to explore new cultures, meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time You can do all the three with Global Development Association （GDA）. Whatever stage of life you’re at, wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA, you’ll create positive changes in a poor and remote community（社区）.
We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24. Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75. They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes. We have such roles as project managers, mountain leaders, and communication officers.
Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a community’s access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures. You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.
Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, you’ll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. You may have chances to meet new people who’ll become your lifelong friends.
This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes：
Country Schedule
4-week programmes 7-week programmes
Algeria 5 Jul.—1 Aug. 20 Jun.—7 Aug.
Egypt 24 Jul.—20 Aug. 19 Jun.—6 Aug.
Kenya 20 Jul.—16 Aug. 18 Jun.—5 Aug.
South Africa 2 Aug.—29 Aug. 15 Jun.—2 Aug.
GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed. All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.
There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.
Find out more about joining a GDA programme：
Website：www. glodeve. org
Email：humanresources@glodeve. org
1. What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers
A. To seek local partners.
B. To take in young volunteers.
C. To carry out programmes.
D. To foster cultural awareness.
2. The programme beginning in August will operate in ________.
A. Egypt
B. Algeria
C. Kenya
D. South Africa
3. The shared goal of GDA’s projects is to ________.
A. explore new cultures
B. protect the environment
C. gain corporate benefits
D. help communities in need
B
（2020 新高考全国 I 卷）Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor’s degree.
Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition（学费）, because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.
Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves：nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree： Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.
Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed（牺牲）to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. “Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,” she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family—and that’s pretty powerful.
4. What did Jennifer do after high school
A. She helped her dad with his work.
B. She ran the family farm on her own.
C. She supported herself through college.
D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home.
5. Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in Marshfield
A. To take care of her kids easily.
B. To learn from the best nurses.
C. To save money for her parents.
D. To find a well-paid job there.
6. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal
A. Her health.
B. Her time with family.
C. Her reputation.
D. Her chance of promotion.
7. What can we learn from Jennifer’s story
A. Time is money.
B. Love breaks down barriers.
C. Hard work pays off.
D. Education is the key to success.
C
My First Marathon（马拉松）
（2018 北京卷）A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.
I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P. E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was “not athletic”.
The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!
The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces（鞋带） became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted! At mile 3, I passed a sign：“GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!” By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then miming again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running.
I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.
Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels（世俗标签）, I can now call myself a “marathon winner”.
8. A month before the marathon, the author ________.
A. was well trained
B. felt scared
C. made up his mind to run
D. lost hope
9. Why did the author mention the P. E. class in his 7th year
A. To acknowledge the support of his teacher.
B. To amuse the readers with a funny story.
C. To show he was not talented in sports.
D. To share a precious memory.
10. How was the author’s first marathon
A. He made it.
B. He quit halfway.
C. He got the first prize.
D. He walked to the end.
11. What does the story mainly tell us
A. A man owes his success to his family support.
B. A winner is one with a great effort of will.
C. Failure is the mother of success.
D. One is never too old to learn.
D
（2019 全国 I 卷）For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N. Y., today is speech day, and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
But he’s nervous. “I’m here to tell you today why you should...should...” Chris trips on the “-Id,” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support. “...Vote for...me...” Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
A son of immigrants, Chris started learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls（回想起）how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student,” Whaley explains, “especially for a student who is learning English as their new language, to feel confident enough to say, ‘I don’t know, but I want to know.’”
Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast（夸耀）about themselves.
“Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities, ’’ Whaley says, “is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”
12. What made Chris nervous
A. Telling a story.
B. Making a speech.
C. Taking a test.
D. Answering a question.
13. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Improper pauses.
B. Bad manners.
C. Spelling mistakes.
D. Silly jokes.
14. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to ________.
A. help students see their own strengths
B. assess students5 public speaking skills
C. prepare students for their future jobs
D. inspire students’ love for politics
15. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher
A. Humorous.
B. Ambitious.
C. Caring.
D. Demanding.
第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
（2020 全国 I 卷）We all want it... to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 16 Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
17 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world.
Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 18 You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate（有同情心） response “That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.”
Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 19
Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 20 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are
A. Feeling upset again
B. Where do you start
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start
第二部分 语言运用
[共两节, 满分30分]
第一节（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个 选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2020 江苏卷改编）Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success 21 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 22 in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no 23 of knowing that his life was to change completely. The class experiment that day was to 24 how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling （冒泡）to the surface. Somehow, the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat 25 held something more volatile （易挥发的）than water. When Wilson heated it, the container 26 , leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents 27 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had happened to their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as 28 . He learned braille （盲文）quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a（n） 29 public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from 30 for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to 31 his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue 32 it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 33 Wilson made to preventing the preventable.
Wilson received several international 34 for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a vision. He proved that it’s not what happens to us that 35 our lives—it’s what we make of what happens.
21. A. depends B. holds C. keeps D. reflects
22. A. dilemmas B. accidents C. events D. steps
23. A. way B. hope C. plan D. measure
24. A. direct B. show C. advocate D. declare
25. A. mistakenly B. casually C. amazingly D. clumsily
26. A. erupted B. exploded C. emptied D. exposed
27. A. deserved B. attempted C. cared D. agreed
28. A. fantastic B. extraordinary C. impressive D. catastrophic
29. A. accomplished B. crucial C. specific D. innocent
30. A. deafness B. depression C. blindness D. speechlessness
31. A. decide B. abandon C. control D. accept
32. A. until B. when C. unless D. before
33. A. opposition B. adjustments C. commitment D. limitations
34. A. scholarships B. rewards C. awards D. bonuses
35. A. distinguishes B. determines C. claims D. limits
第二节（共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2020 全国 I 卷）China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe （探测器）—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—36 （touch） down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 37 （extreme）challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 38 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 39 （interesting） to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters（环形山）, more so 40 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 41 （find） and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists, ” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 42 （mean） we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 43 （ construct）.” Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 4436 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 45 （it） plans for a future lunar（月球的）base are practical.
第三部分 写作
[共两节, 满分40分]
第一节（满分15分）
（2021·浙江杭州学军中学高三期末）假设你是李华, 你校英语口语社将换届选举, 你欲参选社长, 请你写一篇英语竞选演讲稿, 进行口头竞选演讲。内容包括：
1. 竞选职位；
2. 个人优势；
3. 当选设想。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
（2021 山东济南高三期末）My 11-year-old daughter, Elizabeth, started to talk about quitting swimming, which broke my heart because she loves swimming. So when the swim season began, I cut a deal with her. She would practice three times a week and try really hard. I wouldn’t make her compete in the swim meets. Elizabeth does not like swim meets. She gets horribly nervous but not because she wants to win. She doesn’t care if she wins.
Recently, Elizabeth’s team announced a special swim night ： Members 11 and older would swim a timed 50 meters relay. It wasn’t exactly a meet, because it would involve only team members. That was my view. Elizabeth argued that it absolutely was a meet because there would be races. I told Elizabeth I really wanted her to go. She fought back angrily but finally agreed.
When the day of the special swim night arrived, Elizabeth was nervous. She was the youngest person and shorter by at least a foot than most of the other kids. She panicked when it was time for the T-shirt relay. The relay works like this： One person from each relay team puts on a T-shirt, a pair of socks and a swim cap; swims 50 meters; and gets out of the pool. She takes off the clothes and puts them on the next person, who then swims 50 meters. This continues until everyone on the team has completed a lap.
Then it was Elizabeth’s turn to swim. She seemed to swim faster in the T-shirt and socks than she did when she wasn’t wearing them. Approaching the halfway mark, Elizabeth was in the lead. Suddenly, somebody noticed that one of Elizabeth’s socks had fallen off and was floating （漂）in the pool. “She has to get that sock on before the end of the race,” a swimming official told Elizabeth’s team, “or you will be disqualified.”
Everybody on her team started screaming, “Elizabeth! Get the sock!”
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On the ride home, she shared her moment of winning again and again.
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参考答案：
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了 GDA项目并为该项目招募志愿管理人员。
1. C 细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词volunteer managers可直接定位到语篇第二段第三、四句，根据其内容可知，他们对于 GDA项目的安全有效运行起着非常重要的作用，所以C项“执行项目”为正确选项。
2. D 细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词beginning in August可直接定位到活动项目日程表的最后一栏，根据本部分中的关键信息South Africa 2 Aug. —29 Aug.可知，8月份开始的项目是在南非。
3. D 推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词shared goal of GDA’s projects可直接定位到日程表下面语段的最后一句，根据本句内容可知，该项目的目的是促进贫困偏远地区的发展，故D项 “帮助有需要的地区”为正确选项。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。从小在农场长大的詹妮弗高中毕业后一边工作一边读技术学院，还供家中弟弟妹妹上学，成家后又重返校园攻读学位。她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩毕业，还给家人，尤其是她的三个孩子树立了榜样，让他们得到了激励。
4. C推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词after high school可直接定位到第二段第三句。根据本句内容可知，詹妮弗髙中毕业后上了当地的一所技术学院，因为家里没有多余的钱供她上大学， 所以她自己工作挣钱支付学费，故选C项“她自食其力读完了大学”。
5. A细节理解题。根据题干中的Ministry Saint Joseph’s Hospital可定位到第三段。根据本段第三句中的because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home 以及第四句 “She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids.” 可知，詹妮弗选择这个项目是因为离家近，这样便于她照顾孩子。
6. B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Jennifer sacrificed to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. ”可知，詹妮弗为了实现目标，牺牲了很多夜晚陪伴孩子的时光，错过了很多重要的活动，故B项“她和家人在一起的时光”与原文意思相符。
7. C主旨大意题。文章讲述了詹妮弗一边工作一边读完技术学院，还供弟弟妹妹上学，成家后又重返校园，最后成功取得学位的故事。C项“努力就会有回报”符合文意。A项“时间就是金钱”、 B项“爱能打破障碍”和D项“教育是成功的关键”均不符合文意。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者不畏艰难，挑战自我，坚持跑完马拉松，实现了一次从自我砥砺到自我认知的人生“长跑”的励志故事。本文告诉我们：只要勇于挑战，拼搏进取，人人皆为胜者。
8. C 细节理解题。由第一段第二句“Yet, I was determined to go ahead.” 并结合上句的 leaving me only two weeks to train 可知，虽然作者在马拉松前一个月脚踝受伤需休息两个周，但他决心在仅剩的两周训练时间里继续前行，去参加马拉松长跑。此处 的关键信息determined与选项C中的made up his mind相吻合。
9. C 推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was ‘ not athletic’.” 可知，作者列举小时候第一次上体育课的例子，说明自己跑圈不行，打垒球也不行，所以老师告诉作者他不擅长体育运动。这显然表明了作者在运动方面没有天赋，与选项C的意思匹配。
10. A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished!” 可知，作者跑完了这次马拉松。这与选项A中的made it （做成）意思吻合。选项B说作者中途退出马拉松长跑，这与I finished不吻合；选项C说作者获 得一等奖，这与原文倒数第二段中的第一句“I was one of the final runners to finish.”矛盾，故排除C项；而D项说作者步行走到终点，但根据原文倒数第五段最后一句“Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.” 可知，作者走了一会儿，然后继续跑，故排除D项。
11. B主旨大意题。根据作者对自己跑马拉松情况的叙述可知，对于一位脚踝有伤、不具有运动天赋的人来说去跑马拉松面临的挑战可想而知，但作者不畏艰难，凭着强大的意志力，最后成功到达终点，显然就是选项B提到的“一位具有强大意志力的获胜者”。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小学教师Whaley通过组织学生演讲来帮助学生增强自信的教学实践。
12. B 细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词nervous可定位到第二段第一句，然后应到前文中找使他紧张的因素。根据第一段中的 “...today is speech day, and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn.” 和 “...he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.”可知，今天是演讲日，现在轮到了 Chris，虽然他看起 来像是那种喜欢在公共场合讲话的孩子，但是他很紧张。由此可知，演讲使Chris紧张。
13. A 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的you should...should...以及“...Vote for...me...”这样的语句特点可知，Chris的演讲不流畅，也就是 说有不适当的停顿。这是他表现不好的地方，与画线词后的句意“Chris完成得出奇的好”构成转折关系，与短语except for的语意相呼应。
14. A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast about themselves.” 可知， Whaley创办这个项目的目的不仅仅是让学生学会阅读和在公共场合演讲，他还希望学生学会自夸。A项意为“帮助学生看到自己的长处”,与原文意思相符。
15. C推理判断题。文章介绍了 Whaley老师通过创办“总统竞选项目”，组织学生演讲来帮助学生增强自信。根据第二段中的“His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support.” 和 “...Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.” 等细节也 可看出Whaley老师是一个关心学生的老师。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四个自我接纳的小技巧。 本文旨在让读者接受自我，做一个健康的自己，倡导自尊自信、乐观向上的人生态度。
16. B 关联逻辑法解题。文章标题A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance及空格前的“接受和爱自己似乎很难”，空格后的“这里有一些建议可以让你朝正确的方向发展”，均暗示空格处表示“该如何开始”，选项B “你从哪里开始呢？ ”与之对应。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
17. F设题位置法解题。根据此题所在的位置可知，此处是本段的中心句。根据下文 “Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world.” 可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己与别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。选项F “别再拿自己与别人作比较”与之对应。本设空类型属于段落主题句类。
18. D 关联逻辑法解题。本段的中心句“Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.（原谅自己所犯的错误）”及下文的“You will make mistakes，time and time again.（你会一次又一次地犯错误）”暗示空格处表示“你只是个人，是人都会犯错误”，选项 D与之对应。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
19. C关联逻辑法解题。本段的主题是“认可自己的优点”。根据空格前的“你有了一份工作，拿到了文凭，而且今天起床了”可知，任何小事都是值得认可的，故选项C “没有什么小事是不值得庆祝的”符合语境。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
20. A关联逻辑法解题。本段的主题是“列出自己的优点，再列出缺点。找到缺点后，再去看自己的优点”。根据空格后的“在你的日记中翻到你的优点和成就清单的一页”可知，空格前表示 “如果你感到沮丧、不高兴的话”,选项A与之对应。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍约翰 威尔逊在实验中因出现事故而失明，但他没有被命运击倒，而是努力奋斗改变命运，最后取得成功。文章告诉我们一个道理：我们的生活不是取决于发生在我们身上的事情，而是取决于我们对发生的事情的态度。
21. A上文语境题。上文提到仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的，由此可知此处意为“成功从根本上取决于（depend on）我们对 自己和对生活中所发生事件的看法”。
22. C 上下文语境题。由语境可知，成功取决于我们对生活中所发生事件（event）的看法。
23. A下文语境题。根据下文可知，威尔逊发生事故是始料未及的。have no way of knowing没办法知道，符合语境。
24. B上下文语境题。根据主语the class experiment可知，实验是要展示（show）一种现象。direct管理，指导；advocate提倡，拥护; declare 宣布。
25. A 下文语境题。根据下文的 something more volatile than water可知本该装水的容器误（mistakenly）装了其他溶液。casually 随便地;amazingly令人惊讶地;clumsily笨拙地。
26. B 下文语境题。根据下文的 leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes可知，容器爆炸（explode）了，导致他眼睛失明。erupt爆发; empty使……成为空的；expose揭露。
27. B上下文语境题。根据语境可知，他的父母试图（attempt）找到应对这次灾祸的方法。
28. D 上下文语境题。由上文的deal with the catastrophe及下文的叙述可知，虽然父母觉得这是灾祸，但他没有把这次事故看成是灾难性的（catastrophic）。fantastic奇异的，极好的； extraordinary非凡的；impressive让人印象深刻的。
29. A上下文语境题。由语境可知，在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为一名技艺高超的（accomplished）演说家。crucial 决定性的；specific特定的；innocent天真的，无辜的。
30. C上下文语境题。根据上文他的眼睛失明，并结合下文的for lack of proper treatment可知非洲有很多人因缺少恰当的治疗而失明（blindness）。
31. D上下文语境题。根据动宾搭配并结合文意可知，对他来说，接受（accept）自己失明的命运是一回事，而在可以如此容易解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。decide决定; abandon 抛弃；control 控制。
32. B下文语境题。根据下文“This moved him to action.”可知，对他用一般现在时；主语是it,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。来说在可以如此容易解决的情况下，让事情继续下去完全是 另一回事。when “当……的时候”，符合此处语境。
33. C 下文语境题。根据下文的定语从句可知，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人因为威尔逊做出的奉献（commitment）而得以看见光 明。opposition 反对；adjustment 调整；limitation 限制。
34. C下文语境题。根据下文的for his great contributions可知，他获得了几项国际大奖（award）。scholarship奖学金；reward报酬； bonus奖金。
35. B上文语境题。全文给我们讲述了一个道理，那就是“it’s not what happens to us that determines our lives—it’s what we make of what happens （不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活是我们如何看待发生的事情）”。determine决定，符合语境。distinguish 区分；claim 宣称；limit 限制。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道，嫦娥四号无人探测器在月球背面成功软着陆，中国成为第一个使探测器在月球背面软着陆的国家。文章彰显了民族自豪感。
36. touched 考查时态。句子主语是 the unmanned Chang’e-4 probe, 谓语动词是touch。根据时间状语last week可判断用一般过去时。 touch down意为“（飞机等）降落，着陆”。
37. extremely 考查词性转换（形容词变副词）。修饰形容词 challenging 应用 extreme 的副词形式 extremely。
38. where考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰a spot，且所填词在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。
39. interest考查词性转换（形容词变名词）。此处是“be of +名词” 结构，be of interest to sb.意为“对某人有吸引力”。
40. than考查more...than...的用法。根据前面的比较级more可知， 此处是将 the far side of the moon 和 the familiar near side 进行比较， 故填than。
41. to find考查非谓语动词（不定式）。use sth. to do sth.表示“用某 物做某事”，不定式表示目的。
42. means考查时态和主谓一致。根据直接引语中的excites可判断用一般现在时；主语是it，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。
43. is constructed考查时态和语态。整句话的时态为一般现在时，且 the moon与construct （组成，构成）之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。
44. much考查how much的用法。此处意为“它含有多少冰和其他宝藏”，所填词修饰ice，故用much。
45. its考查代词。所填词修饰后面的plans，故填it的形容词性物主代词形式its。
第一节 One possible version：
Good afternoon，my dear friends.
My name is Li Hua. I am here to run for the president of our Oral English Club.
I’m confident that I am qualified for this job because I am outgoing, and skilled at organizing different kinds of activities. Besides, I can speak English fluently. If I am lucky enough to be the president，I will organize more activities like English Comer and English Speech Contest, to provide a platform for us to improve our English oral skills. I sincerely hope you will vote for me.
Thank you.
第二节 One possible version：
Everybody on her team started screaming，“Elizabeth! Get the sock!” However, she couldn’t hear them. It was time for desperate measures. A girl on my daughter’s team jumped in the pool, grabbed the sock, and swam after Elizabeth. “You have to put the sock on,” the girl screamed. The girl in lane two was about to pass Elizabeth. With the sock finally on, Elizabeth swam her heart out for the last 15 meters. It was close. But Elizabeth beat the other girl to the wall for the victory.
On the ride home，she shared her moment of winning again and again. She talked about how scared she was when someone grabbed her foot and how funny it was when she came to the finish and how great the night was. She told me that if the T-shirt relay was an Olympic event—and she was quite sure it should be—her team would win the gold medal.
I told her that in my professional opinion，she was absolutely right.
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