人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册 Unit4 Adversity and Courage拓展阅读专项训练（一）（含解析）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册 Unit4 Adversity and Courage拓展阅读专项训练（一）（含解析） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-03-14 12:51:52 | ||
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Unit4 拓展阅读专项训练（一）
一、刷阅读理解
A
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历 词数：330 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
[河南八市重点高中2021高二联考]Briunna was just 12 years old when her mother became severely ill，allowing her to know what it was like to care for someone else. Although many members of her family were nurses，taking care of her mum was what influenced her the most and helped her decide to become a nurse.
After she didn't get into UW-Eau Claire's nursing programme the first two times she applied，Briunna began exploring potential careers. She took several business classes，but quickly realised that business wasn't the right choice for her and her real passion was in nursing. She applied for nursing again，and finally started the nursing programme in the fall of 2019.
She was just months into her first semester as a nursing major when she hit the next bump in the road. In November 2019，Briunna became extremely ill，with symptoms ranging from breathing difficulty to a high fever and a cough. Eventually，breathing became so difficult that she had to go to the emergency room. Therefore, Briunna could not attend classes for the rest of the fall 2019 semester, focusing instead on regaining her mental and physical health.
While Briunna was still in hospital，she already had connected with her fellow nursing majors as well as professors，who worked closely with her to make sure she stayed on course. Those connections made all the difference when she was trying to stay on track for graduation despite her illness.
In the spring，COVID-19 added additional obstacles（障碍）to her college journey，forcing her to find new ways to manage her time and keep herself motivated. What's worse，she was also laid off from her part-time job when stores closed，making it more difficult for her to pay for college.
Despite all those obstacles，now Briunna is on track to graduate with her nursing classmates in December 2021 and is already planning for what comes after she earns her bachelor's degree in nursing.
1. What inspired Briunna to be a nurse
A. Her interest in caring for others.
B. The influence from nurses in her family.
C. Her part-time job in a local hospital.
D. The experience of tending to her mother.
2. What does the underlined word "bump" in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Disease.
B. Barrier.
C. Crossing.
D. Failure.
3. How did Briunna stick to her nursing programme during illness
A. By attending classes with the aid of her classmates.
B. By seeking help from medical experts on the Internet.
C. By communicating with her classmates and professors.
D. By taking more courses than other nursing majors.
4. What can we learn from Briunna's story
A. Actions speak louder than words.
B. Many hands make light work.
C. Nothing is difficult to a willing heart.
D. One good turn deserves another.
B
体裁：说明文 题材：太空探索 词数：338 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
[山东烟台2021高三期中]SpaceX's first-ever passenger flight to the International Space Station（ISS）ended successfully on August 2，2020，when Crew Dragon Endeavour landed into the Gulf of Mexico. After a series of safety checks，the recovery team unlocked the capsule's hatch（舱门）and moved NASA astronauts Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley toshore. During their total 64 days in space，they completed 1，024 orbits around the Earth and traveled 27，147，284 miles.
In a press conference the astronauts described the crucial final minutes of the historic mission when Crew Dragon fired its rocket pusher to slow its descent for re-entry into the outer atmosphere. “It came alive，” Behnken told of the 12-minute pusher burn. “It sounds like an animal coming through the atmosphere.”
Hurley told reporters that following the successful landing，the astronauts had to complete one final task—"making satellite phone calls to whoever we can get a hold of”. The scientists said the fun attempt had a serious purpose, which is to ensure that future crews could use the emergency phone to contact mission control in case the spacecraft landed in an unexpected part of the ocean.
Crew Dragon Endeavour was launched from NASA's Kennedy Space Center on May 30, 2020. After 19 hours, the spacecraft autonomously pulled up at the forward port of ISS. Hurley and Behnken spent their 62 days aboard the station conducting scientific experiments alongside Expedition 63's crew and participating in numerous public engagements. Behnken also accompanied ISS Commander Chris Cassidy on four spacewalks to upgrade two power channels.
The journey marked the first time astronauts have been launched to orbit aboard a privately-built spacecraft. It was also the first crewed orbital launch from American soil since the US Space Shuttle program ended in July 2011.
With the final test flight completed, NASA will spend the next few weeks analyzing all performance data. If everything is satisfactory, SpaceX will become the first private company to be certified to transport astronauts to the ISS. In anticipation of the approval, SpaceX is already preparing for its first two operational missions.
1. What does the underlined word "descent" in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Crash.
B. Launch.
C. Fall.
D. Burning.
2. Which of the following best describes Behnken's mission
A. Orbit the Earth, experiment, issue certificates.
B. Experiment, improve channels, make calls.
C. Spacewalk, repair, analyze data.
D. Interpret, spacewalk, interview.
3. What is SpaceX most looking forward to
A. Obtaining public recognition.
B. Completing the final test flight.
C. Getting licensed for crewed flights to the ISS.
D. Releasing their latest news about space technology.
4. What's the best title for the text
A. Crew Dragon Endeavour: A Private Spacecraft
B. First-ever Manned Space Flight Ends in Success
C. NASA Astronauts: Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley
D. SpaceX's Spacecraft Returns NASA Astronauts to the Earth
二、刷七选五
体裁：说明文 题材：跨文化交际 词数：265 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[江西南昌外国语学校2021高二月考]Living in a foreign country，people may experience culture shock. As a Chinese in Britain，I am no different.
Basically，there are five stages of culture shock.
Stage one can be called the tourist stage. If you travel a lot，you'll agree with me. Everything in a new place is very exciting to a tourist. 1 After all，tourists don't usually stay too long in one place.
The second stage is the shock stage. 2 I am new in the country. Will someone cheat or rob me？We don't know anybody here and we miss our homes and families. Luckily，my “shock" period was quite short. I had so many things to do every day that I didn't have time to get depressed.
3 We learn to deal with the difficulties and stop complaining. This period can be slow and if you fail，you have to go back to the shock stage. I am very lucky. I have a roommate who has lived here for several years. Every time I talk to her，the sky seems clearer.
4 We feel more comfortable and can live with the new culture. I think this will take a long time because I don't see any trace（迹象）of it in me.
The last stage is called re-entry shock. This is the shock of going home. Everybody is happy to see you again but you've changed. 5
But I believe that all the shock will go away if you can think positively.
A. Then comes the stage of acceptance.
B. You start to identify with the new culture.
C. Problems and frustrations appear at this time.
D. The next stage is called adjustment.
E. You may feel like a stranger in your own culture.
F. Find the courage to move forward during this difficult stage.
G. But the stage can last only for months or just a couple of days.
答案解析
刷阅读理解
A
【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了布里亚娜在护理学习之路上遇到了各种障碍，她通过自己的坚持与努力最终克服了这些障碍。她的故事告诉我们：世上无难事，只怕有心人。
1.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的Although many members of her family were nurses，taking care of her mum was what influenced her the most and helped her decide to become a nurse.可知，照顾母亲的经历让布里亚娜决定成为一名护士。故选D。
2.B词义猜测题。根据画线词后一句In November 2019，Briunna became extremely ill，with symptoms ranging from breathing difficulty to a high fever and a cough.以及下文中的those obstacles可推知，画线单词bump的意思是“障碍”，这次生病是她遇到的又一障碍，故选B。
3.C细节理解题。根据第四段中的While Briunna was still in hospital，she already had connected with her fellow nursing majors as well as professors，who worked closely with her to make sure she stayed on course.可知，布里亚娜在生病住院期间，通过和护理专业的其他同学以及教授交流来继续自己的学业。故选C。
4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Despite all those obstacles，now Briunna is on track to graduate with her nursing classmates in December 2021 and is already planning for what comes after she earns her bachelor's degree in nursing.可知，布里亚娜在护理学习之路上遇到了各种障碍，她通过自己的坚持与努力克服了这些障碍，最终取得了成功，因此从布里亚娜的故事中我们可以得到启发——世上无难事，只怕有心人。故选C。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国太空探索技术公司的宇宙飞船成功将美国宇航员送回地球。
1.C词义猜测题。根据前文中的Crew Dragon fired its rocket pusher可知，龙飞船发射了火箭推进器，结合下文中的for re-entry into the outer atmosphere可推断，发射火箭推进器是为了减慢宇宙飞船的下降以便于再次进入外层大气。因此画线词与fall意思相近。故选C。
2.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的 the astronauts had to complete one final task-"making satellite phone calls to whoever we can get a hold of ”和第四段的三、四句可知，本肯的任务是做实验、升级通道和打电话。故选B。
3.C细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，美国太空探索技术公司最期待获得飞往国际空间站的载人飞行许可。故选C。
4.D主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，第一段是主旨段，根据第一段的第一句SpaceX's first-ever passenger flight to the International Space Station（ISS）ended successfully on August 2，2020，whenCrew Dragon Endeavour landed into the Gulf of Mexico.可知，本文讲述了美国太空探索技术公司的宇宙飞船成功将美国宇航员送回地球，因此推断D项“美国太空探索技术公司的宇宙飞船将美国宇航员送回地球”为最佳标题。故选D。
刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了文化冲击的五个阶段。
1.G根据空后一句After all，tourists don't usually stay too long in one place.可知，设空处谈论的是这个阶段持续时间短，故选G项。
2.C根据空后的I am new in the country.Will someone cheat or rob me？可知，设空处谈论的是第二个阶段会出现的问题或其他情况，故选C项。
3.D设空处是本段的主旨句，根据上文描述可知，此处是文化冲击的第三个阶段；根据空后的 We learn to deal with the difficulties and stop complaining.以及 I have a roommate who has lived here forseveral years.Every time I talk to her，the sky seems clearer.可知，本段谈论的是我们要调整适应，故选D项。
4.A由文章结构可知，设空处是文化冲击的第四个阶段；根据空后的We feel more comfortable and can live with the new culture.可知，本段谈论的是我们开始逐渐接受新的文化，故选A项。
5.E根据空前的Everybody is happy to see you again but you've changed.可知，设空处谈论的是你发生改变后带来的影响，选项E承接上一句，故选E项。
7 / 7
一、刷阅读理解
A
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历 词数：330 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
[河南八市重点高中2021高二联考]Briunna was just 12 years old when her mother became severely ill，allowing her to know what it was like to care for someone else. Although many members of her family were nurses，taking care of her mum was what influenced her the most and helped her decide to become a nurse.
After she didn't get into UW-Eau Claire's nursing programme the first two times she applied，Briunna began exploring potential careers. She took several business classes，but quickly realised that business wasn't the right choice for her and her real passion was in nursing. She applied for nursing again，and finally started the nursing programme in the fall of 2019.
She was just months into her first semester as a nursing major when she hit the next bump in the road. In November 2019，Briunna became extremely ill，with symptoms ranging from breathing difficulty to a high fever and a cough. Eventually，breathing became so difficult that she had to go to the emergency room. Therefore, Briunna could not attend classes for the rest of the fall 2019 semester, focusing instead on regaining her mental and physical health.
While Briunna was still in hospital，she already had connected with her fellow nursing majors as well as professors，who worked closely with her to make sure she stayed on course. Those connections made all the difference when she was trying to stay on track for graduation despite her illness.
In the spring，COVID-19 added additional obstacles（障碍）to her college journey，forcing her to find new ways to manage her time and keep herself motivated. What's worse，she was also laid off from her part-time job when stores closed，making it more difficult for her to pay for college.
Despite all those obstacles，now Briunna is on track to graduate with her nursing classmates in December 2021 and is already planning for what comes after she earns her bachelor's degree in nursing.
1. What inspired Briunna to be a nurse
A. Her interest in caring for others.
B. The influence from nurses in her family.
C. Her part-time job in a local hospital.
D. The experience of tending to her mother.
2. What does the underlined word "bump" in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Disease.
B. Barrier.
C. Crossing.
D. Failure.
3. How did Briunna stick to her nursing programme during illness
A. By attending classes with the aid of her classmates.
B. By seeking help from medical experts on the Internet.
C. By communicating with her classmates and professors.
D. By taking more courses than other nursing majors.
4. What can we learn from Briunna's story
A. Actions speak louder than words.
B. Many hands make light work.
C. Nothing is difficult to a willing heart.
D. One good turn deserves another.
B
体裁：说明文 题材：太空探索 词数：338 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
[山东烟台2021高三期中]SpaceX's first-ever passenger flight to the International Space Station（ISS）ended successfully on August 2，2020，when Crew Dragon Endeavour landed into the Gulf of Mexico. After a series of safety checks，the recovery team unlocked the capsule's hatch（舱门）and moved NASA astronauts Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley toshore. During their total 64 days in space，they completed 1，024 orbits around the Earth and traveled 27，147，284 miles.
In a press conference the astronauts described the crucial final minutes of the historic mission when Crew Dragon fired its rocket pusher to slow its descent for re-entry into the outer atmosphere. “It came alive，” Behnken told of the 12-minute pusher burn. “It sounds like an animal coming through the atmosphere.”
Hurley told reporters that following the successful landing，the astronauts had to complete one final task—"making satellite phone calls to whoever we can get a hold of”. The scientists said the fun attempt had a serious purpose, which is to ensure that future crews could use the emergency phone to contact mission control in case the spacecraft landed in an unexpected part of the ocean.
Crew Dragon Endeavour was launched from NASA's Kennedy Space Center on May 30, 2020. After 19 hours, the spacecraft autonomously pulled up at the forward port of ISS. Hurley and Behnken spent their 62 days aboard the station conducting scientific experiments alongside Expedition 63's crew and participating in numerous public engagements. Behnken also accompanied ISS Commander Chris Cassidy on four spacewalks to upgrade two power channels.
The journey marked the first time astronauts have been launched to orbit aboard a privately-built spacecraft. It was also the first crewed orbital launch from American soil since the US Space Shuttle program ended in July 2011.
With the final test flight completed, NASA will spend the next few weeks analyzing all performance data. If everything is satisfactory, SpaceX will become the first private company to be certified to transport astronauts to the ISS. In anticipation of the approval, SpaceX is already preparing for its first two operational missions.
1. What does the underlined word "descent" in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Crash.
B. Launch.
C. Fall.
D. Burning.
2. Which of the following best describes Behnken's mission
A. Orbit the Earth, experiment, issue certificates.
B. Experiment, improve channels, make calls.
C. Spacewalk, repair, analyze data.
D. Interpret, spacewalk, interview.
3. What is SpaceX most looking forward to
A. Obtaining public recognition.
B. Completing the final test flight.
C. Getting licensed for crewed flights to the ISS.
D. Releasing their latest news about space technology.
4. What's the best title for the text
A. Crew Dragon Endeavour: A Private Spacecraft
B. First-ever Manned Space Flight Ends in Success
C. NASA Astronauts: Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley
D. SpaceX's Spacecraft Returns NASA Astronauts to the Earth
二、刷七选五
体裁：说明文 题材：跨文化交际 词数：265 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[江西南昌外国语学校2021高二月考]Living in a foreign country，people may experience culture shock. As a Chinese in Britain，I am no different.
Basically，there are five stages of culture shock.
Stage one can be called the tourist stage. If you travel a lot，you'll agree with me. Everything in a new place is very exciting to a tourist. 1 After all，tourists don't usually stay too long in one place.
The second stage is the shock stage. 2 I am new in the country. Will someone cheat or rob me？We don't know anybody here and we miss our homes and families. Luckily，my “shock" period was quite short. I had so many things to do every day that I didn't have time to get depressed.
3 We learn to deal with the difficulties and stop complaining. This period can be slow and if you fail，you have to go back to the shock stage. I am very lucky. I have a roommate who has lived here for several years. Every time I talk to her，the sky seems clearer.
4 We feel more comfortable and can live with the new culture. I think this will take a long time because I don't see any trace（迹象）of it in me.
The last stage is called re-entry shock. This is the shock of going home. Everybody is happy to see you again but you've changed. 5
But I believe that all the shock will go away if you can think positively.
A. Then comes the stage of acceptance.
B. You start to identify with the new culture.
C. Problems and frustrations appear at this time.
D. The next stage is called adjustment.
E. You may feel like a stranger in your own culture.
F. Find the courage to move forward during this difficult stage.
G. But the stage can last only for months or just a couple of days.
答案解析
刷阅读理解
A
【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了布里亚娜在护理学习之路上遇到了各种障碍，她通过自己的坚持与努力最终克服了这些障碍。她的故事告诉我们：世上无难事，只怕有心人。
1.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的Although many members of her family were nurses，taking care of her mum was what influenced her the most and helped her decide to become a nurse.可知，照顾母亲的经历让布里亚娜决定成为一名护士。故选D。
2.B词义猜测题。根据画线词后一句In November 2019，Briunna became extremely ill，with symptoms ranging from breathing difficulty to a high fever and a cough.以及下文中的those obstacles可推知，画线单词bump的意思是“障碍”，这次生病是她遇到的又一障碍，故选B。
3.C细节理解题。根据第四段中的While Briunna was still in hospital，she already had connected with her fellow nursing majors as well as professors，who worked closely with her to make sure she stayed on course.可知，布里亚娜在生病住院期间，通过和护理专业的其他同学以及教授交流来继续自己的学业。故选C。
4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Despite all those obstacles，now Briunna is on track to graduate with her nursing classmates in December 2021 and is already planning for what comes after she earns her bachelor's degree in nursing.可知，布里亚娜在护理学习之路上遇到了各种障碍，她通过自己的坚持与努力克服了这些障碍，最终取得了成功，因此从布里亚娜的故事中我们可以得到启发——世上无难事，只怕有心人。故选C。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国太空探索技术公司的宇宙飞船成功将美国宇航员送回地球。
1.C词义猜测题。根据前文中的Crew Dragon fired its rocket pusher可知，龙飞船发射了火箭推进器，结合下文中的for re-entry into the outer atmosphere可推断，发射火箭推进器是为了减慢宇宙飞船的下降以便于再次进入外层大气。因此画线词与fall意思相近。故选C。
2.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的 the astronauts had to complete one final task-"making satellite phone calls to whoever we can get a hold of ”和第四段的三、四句可知，本肯的任务是做实验、升级通道和打电话。故选B。
3.C细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，美国太空探索技术公司最期待获得飞往国际空间站的载人飞行许可。故选C。
4.D主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，第一段是主旨段，根据第一段的第一句SpaceX's first-ever passenger flight to the International Space Station（ISS）ended successfully on August 2，2020，whenCrew Dragon Endeavour landed into the Gulf of Mexico.可知，本文讲述了美国太空探索技术公司的宇宙飞船成功将美国宇航员送回地球，因此推断D项“美国太空探索技术公司的宇宙飞船将美国宇航员送回地球”为最佳标题。故选D。
刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了文化冲击的五个阶段。
1.G根据空后一句After all，tourists don't usually stay too long in one place.可知，设空处谈论的是这个阶段持续时间短，故选G项。
2.C根据空后的I am new in the country.Will someone cheat or rob me？可知，设空处谈论的是第二个阶段会出现的问题或其他情况，故选C项。
3.D设空处是本段的主旨句，根据上文描述可知，此处是文化冲击的第三个阶段；根据空后的 We learn to deal with the difficulties and stop complaining.以及 I have a roommate who has lived here forseveral years.Every time I talk to her，the sky seems clearer.可知，本段谈论的是我们要调整适应，故选D项。
4.A由文章结构可知，设空处是文化冲击的第四个阶段；根据空后的We feel more comfortable and can live with the new culture.可知，本段谈论的是我们开始逐渐接受新的文化，故选A项。
5.E根据空前的Everybody is happy to see you again but you've changed.可知，设空处谈论的是你发生改变后带来的影响，选项E承接上一句，故选E项。
7 / 7