人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册 Unit2 Iconic Attractions 词汇-情景破（含解析）
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Unit2 Iconic Attractions 词汇-情景破
知识点1 foundation n.创建；基础；地基；基金会
The foundation of Australia（教材P14）.
澳大利亚的创建
情景导学
He is planning to depart the company he founded.
他正打算离开他创办的公司。
He is one of the founders of the hospital.
他是这家医院的创办者之一。
So far they have not found a way to defeat the virus.
迄今为止，他们尚未找到战胜这种病毒的方法。
归纳拓展
________ v.建立；创办；创建
________ n.创办者；创建者；发起人
________ found（创建）的过去式
________ find（发现）的过去式
链接高考
单句语法填空
1-1（2019北京，阅读理解B，★☆☆）
Although she ________ (found) her company early on in life, she wasn’t driven primarily by profit.
1-2（2019江苏，完形填空，★☆☆）
Born at an international crane ________ (found) Emma was raised by human caretakers.
1-3（2018江苏，阅读理解C改编，★☆☆）
As one of the ________ (found) of the National Young Farmers Coalition（NYFC，美国青年农会）and a family farmer myself, I have a front-row seat to the innovations among small farmers that are transforming the industry.
知识点2 located ad位于
Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it’s often informally referred to as “down under”.（教材P14）
它位于赤道以南，并在地球上许多其他国家的下方，通常被非正式地称为“down under”。
情景导学
The store which was located at the center of the town sold fish, meat, rice, sugar, sandwiches and soda to workers.
这家商店位于城镇中心，向工人们出售鱼、肉类、大米、糖、三明治和苏打水。
Can you tell me the exact location？
你能告诉我确切的位置吗？
归纳拓展
be located in/on/at ________
_______ n.位置
locate v.找出……的准确位置；把……安置在（或建造于）；创办于（某地）
链接高考
单句语法填空
2-1（2018课标全国Ⅲ，阅读理解C，★★☆）
His office is ________ (locate) at the Xiangshan campus（校园）of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province.
2-2（2018天津，阅读理解A，★☆☆）
Fire extinguishers are located ________ each floor and in each apartment.
2-3（2018江苏，任务型阅读，★☆☆）
In 2005, when the Bishop Arts Theatre was donated to our town, the ________ (locate) was considered a poor area of town.
完成句子
2-4（2017江苏，23，★★☆）
位于“一带”和“路”的交汇处，江苏将对“一带一路”的建设贡献更多。
________ where the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
知识点3 freedom n.自由；不受……影响的状态
...but special parks have been set up to protect their safety and freedom.（教材P16）
……但是特殊的公园已经被建立来保护它们的安全和自由。
情景导学
All students have free access to the library.
所有学生都可自由进入图书馆。
This movement overthrew the slave owners and freed millions of serfs and slaves这一运动推翻了奴隶主，解放了数百万农奴和奴隶。
How I hope I could play outside freely just as before！
我多希望还能像以前一样在外面自由玩耍啊
You can view the reference book online for free.
你可以在线上免费看这本参考书。
归纳拓展
________ adj.自由的；免费的；随心所欲的；不受...伤害（或影响等的
be free to do sth.自由做某事
be free of/from.不受……伤害（或影响等的）
________ ν.释放；解放；使自由
________ adv.自由地；慷慨地；自愿地
for free ________
链接高考
单句语法填空
3-1（2020江苏，21，★☆☆）
Many lessons are now available online, from which students can choose ________ free.
3-2（2019课标全国Ⅱ，阅读理解C，★☆☆）
That ________ (free) to choose is one season more people like to eat alone.
3-3（2019课标全国Ⅱ，阅读理解B，★★☆）
In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d ________ (free) like to admit.
3-4（2018天津，阅读理解C，★★☆）
Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end, ________ (free) up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.
完成句子
3-5（2016北京，29，★☆☆）
雨季最令人愉快的事情就是一个人可以完全免受尘土的影响。
The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
知识点4 distribution r.分布；分配；分发
It has to be the kangaroo, as it has a wide distribution throughout the country.（教材P19）
那一定是袋鼠，因为它在全国分布很广。
情景导学
The food finally arrived at the end of last week and the distribution began.
食物终于在上周末到达并开始分发。
UN peacekeepers are trying to distribute supplies to30, 000 civilians.
联合国维和部队土兵正努力将补给品分发给三万平民。
归纳拓展
distribute v.分发；分配；使散开
________ 将……分配给/分发给……
链接高考
单句语法填空
4-1（2018课标全国1，阅读理解C，★★☆）
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The ________ (distribute) of these languages is hugely uneven.
4-2（★★☆）
Thousands of soldiers are working ________ (distribute) food and blankets to the refugees.
4-3（★★☆）
If students in your country are interested in corresponding with Turkish students in English, please tell them to write to my address, so that I can distribute their letters ________ my students who are willing to have friends and are in need of practice.
知识点5 temporary adj.暂时的；短暂的
They sleep and drink milk in that temporary protected environment until they are about seven or eight months old.（教材P20）
它们在那个暂时受保护的环境中睡觉和吃奶，直到它们大约七八个月大为止。
情景导学
She works in the office as a temporary.
她在办公室做临时雇员。
The peace agreement has at least temporarily halted the civil war.
该和平协议至少已暂时中止了内战。
归纳拓展
temporary n. ________
________ adv.临时地；暂时地
链接高考
单句语法填空
5-1（2016北京，阅读理解B，）
Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to ________ (temporary) attend a school in Brooklyn.
根据汉语意思完成句子
5-2（2018北京，七选五，）
Also sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition but rather ________ ________ ________ （一种临时的状态）before a triggering event has occurred.
知识点6 frequency r.发生率；重复率；频率
...they are handled for only a limited time and on a limited frequency of occasions.（教材P20）
它们只能被触摸有限的时间和有限的次数。
情景导学
There are frequent contacts between the peoples of the two countries.
两国人民之间交往频繁。
We frequently have lunch at this restaurant, whose meals are very tasty.
我们常常在这家餐馆吃午餐，这家餐馆的饭菜很好吃。
归纳拓展
________ adj.频繁的，经常发生的
________ adv.频繁地，经常地
链接高考
单句语法填空
6-1（2018课标全国Ⅱ，阅读理解C改编，★★☆）
Data shows that kids and teens who do read ________ (frequent), compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home.
6-2（2017江苏，阅读理解B，★☆☆）
And the ________ (frequently) mothers had called to their eggs, the more similar were the babies’ begging calls.
知识点7 violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的
Fortunately, despite their name, they are generally not violent towards people.（教材P20）
幸运的是，尽管它们的名字听起来很吓人，但它们通常对人不凶。
情景导学
She was shaking violently terrified and incoherent.
她在剧烈地颤抖，惊恐不安，语无伦次
This region, which had been relatively calm, erupted into violence again.
这个过去一直相对平静的地区再次发生了暴力事件。
归纳拓展
________ adv.猛烈地；激烈地；强烈地
________ n.暴力；暴行；激烈的力量
链接高考
单句语法填空
7-1（2019江苏，阅读理解B，★☆☆）
At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with a ________ (violent) far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.
7-2（2018课标全国Ⅱ，完形填空，★☆☆）
I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle.He was shaking ________ (violent).
单句改错
7-3（2018北京，七选五改编，★★☆）
However, anger can easily turn violently, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence.
参考答案：
知识点1
①found ②founder ③founded ④found
1-1 founded考查动词的时态。句意：虽然她小时候就创办了自己的公司，但她的主要动力不是利润。由主句的时态可知此处应该用一般过去时，found意为“创办”，其过去式为founded。
1-2 foundation考查名词。句意：出生在一个国际鹤类基地，埃玛被人类护理人员抚养长大。由介词a及不定冠词an可判断此处应该填名词，international crane foundation国际鹤类基地。
1-3 founders考查名词及其复数形式。句意：作为美国青年农会的创始人之一，同时自己也是一个家庭农场主，我在正改变这个行业的小农场主中处于新思想的前列。由空格前面的冠词the及句意可以判断此处填名词，one of后面应该跟可数名词的复数形式，故填 founders。
知识点2
①坐落于；位于 ②location
2-1 located考查形容词。句意：他的办公室位于浙江省杭州的这所大学里的香山校园。be located at意为“坐落于，位于”。故填形容词located。
2-2 on考查介词。句意：每个楼层和每个公寓里都有灭火器。be located on意为“坐落于，位于”。介词on与floor搭配。
2.3 location考查名词。句意：2005年，当主教艺术剧院被捐赠给我们镇时，这个位置被认为是镇上的贫困区域。该句中定冠词the后面应该跟名词作主句的主语。故填 location。
2-4 Located
知识点3
①free ④free ⑤ freely ⑥免费
3-1 for考查固定短语。句意：许多课程现在可以在网上获得，学生可以从中免费选择。for free意为“免费”，故填for。
3-2 freedom考查名词。句意：那选择的自由是更多的人喜欢独自吃饭的一个原因。该空作主语，因此应该填名词。
3-3 freely考查副词。句意：在那种意义上，我很确定志愿服务是一种比我自愿承认的更自私的行为。设空处应该用副词形式修饰动词like。
3-4 freeing考查非谓语动词。句意：未来的杂货店可能会存有持续多年的“食物”，释放货架空间，减少运输和贮存需求。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语动词，与and后面的 reducing为并列成分，所以此处应用现在分词作结果状语。
3-5 be entirely free from/of dust
知识点4
②distribute...to
4-1 distribution考查名词。句意：目前，世界上大约有6，800种语言。这些语言的分布非常不均衡。根据句子结构可知，此处作主语，因此用名词distribution o
4-2 to distribute考查动词不定式。句意：数以千计的士兵正在给难民们分发食物和毯子。此处表示目的，故用动词不定式。故填 to distribute。
4-3 to考查固定搭配。句意：如果你们国家的学生用英语和土耳其的学生通信感兴趣，请告诉他们写信到我的地址，以便我能够把他们的信分发给我的愿意交朋友以及需要实践的学生们。distribute.，to.，把分发给……。故填to。
知识点5
①临时雇员 ② temporarily
5-1 temporarily考查副词。句意：纳塔莉的学校受损严重，她不得不暂时在布鲁克林的一所学校上学。修饰动词 attend应该用副词 temporarily。
5-2 a temporary state
知识点6
6-1 frequently考查副词。句意：数据显示，确实经常读书的孩子和青少年与不经常读书的人相比，家里有更多的书。修饰动词read应该用副词形式。故填frequently。
6-2 more frequently考查副词的比较级。句意：并且母亲向它们的蛋呼唤越频繁，雏鸟的求食声就越相似。句型“The more…the more….” 表示“越……，就越.....”故填 more frequently。
知识点7
① violently② violence
7-1 violence考查名词。句意：在过去的某个时候，黄石公园一定发生过爆炸，其威力远远超出人类所知的任何范围。由前面的不定冠词a可以判断，此处填名词，作介词with的宾话。
7-2 violently考查副词。句意：我看见船上有两个教官，中间躺着一个男人。他在剧烈地颤抖着。修饰谓语动词应该用副词形式。故填violently。
7-3 violently改为 violent考查形容词。句意：然而，愤怒很容易变成暴力，最好知道愤怒产生的原因，以防止它的出现。turn是系动词，后面跟形容词作表语故将 violently改为violent。
2 / 2
知识点1 foundation n.创建；基础；地基；基金会
The foundation of Australia（教材P14）.
澳大利亚的创建
情景导学
He is planning to depart the company he founded.
他正打算离开他创办的公司。
He is one of the founders of the hospital.
他是这家医院的创办者之一。
So far they have not found a way to defeat the virus.
迄今为止，他们尚未找到战胜这种病毒的方法。
归纳拓展
________ v.建立；创办；创建
________ n.创办者；创建者；发起人
________ found（创建）的过去式
________ find（发现）的过去式
链接高考
单句语法填空
1-1（2019北京，阅读理解B，★☆☆）
Although she ________ (found) her company early on in life, she wasn’t driven primarily by profit.
1-2（2019江苏，完形填空，★☆☆）
Born at an international crane ________ (found) Emma was raised by human caretakers.
1-3（2018江苏，阅读理解C改编，★☆☆）
As one of the ________ (found) of the National Young Farmers Coalition（NYFC，美国青年农会）and a family farmer myself, I have a front-row seat to the innovations among small farmers that are transforming the industry.
知识点2 located ad位于
Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it’s often informally referred to as “down under”.（教材P14）
它位于赤道以南，并在地球上许多其他国家的下方，通常被非正式地称为“down under”。
情景导学
The store which was located at the center of the town sold fish, meat, rice, sugar, sandwiches and soda to workers.
这家商店位于城镇中心，向工人们出售鱼、肉类、大米、糖、三明治和苏打水。
Can you tell me the exact location？
你能告诉我确切的位置吗？
归纳拓展
be located in/on/at ________
_______ n.位置
locate v.找出……的准确位置；把……安置在（或建造于）；创办于（某地）
链接高考
单句语法填空
2-1（2018课标全国Ⅲ，阅读理解C，★★☆）
His office is ________ (locate) at the Xiangshan campus（校园）of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province.
2-2（2018天津，阅读理解A，★☆☆）
Fire extinguishers are located ________ each floor and in each apartment.
2-3（2018江苏，任务型阅读，★☆☆）
In 2005, when the Bishop Arts Theatre was donated to our town, the ________ (locate) was considered a poor area of town.
完成句子
2-4（2017江苏，23，★★☆）
位于“一带”和“路”的交汇处，江苏将对“一带一路”的建设贡献更多。
________ where the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
知识点3 freedom n.自由；不受……影响的状态
...but special parks have been set up to protect their safety and freedom.（教材P16）
……但是特殊的公园已经被建立来保护它们的安全和自由。
情景导学
All students have free access to the library.
所有学生都可自由进入图书馆。
This movement overthrew the slave owners and freed millions of serfs and slaves这一运动推翻了奴隶主，解放了数百万农奴和奴隶。
How I hope I could play outside freely just as before！
我多希望还能像以前一样在外面自由玩耍啊
You can view the reference book online for free.
你可以在线上免费看这本参考书。
归纳拓展
________ adj.自由的；免费的；随心所欲的；不受...伤害（或影响等的
be free to do sth.自由做某事
be free of/from.不受……伤害（或影响等的）
________ ν.释放；解放；使自由
________ adv.自由地；慷慨地；自愿地
for free ________
链接高考
单句语法填空
3-1（2020江苏，21，★☆☆）
Many lessons are now available online, from which students can choose ________ free.
3-2（2019课标全国Ⅱ，阅读理解C，★☆☆）
That ________ (free) to choose is one season more people like to eat alone.
3-3（2019课标全国Ⅱ，阅读理解B，★★☆）
In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d ________ (free) like to admit.
3-4（2018天津，阅读理解C，★★☆）
Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end, ________ (free) up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.
完成句子
3-5（2016北京，29，★☆☆）
雨季最令人愉快的事情就是一个人可以完全免受尘土的影响。
The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
知识点4 distribution r.分布；分配；分发
It has to be the kangaroo, as it has a wide distribution throughout the country.（教材P19）
那一定是袋鼠，因为它在全国分布很广。
情景导学
The food finally arrived at the end of last week and the distribution began.
食物终于在上周末到达并开始分发。
UN peacekeepers are trying to distribute supplies to30, 000 civilians.
联合国维和部队土兵正努力将补给品分发给三万平民。
归纳拓展
distribute v.分发；分配；使散开
________ 将……分配给/分发给……
链接高考
单句语法填空
4-1（2018课标全国1，阅读理解C，★★☆）
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The ________ (distribute) of these languages is hugely uneven.
4-2（★★☆）
Thousands of soldiers are working ________ (distribute) food and blankets to the refugees.
4-3（★★☆）
If students in your country are interested in corresponding with Turkish students in English, please tell them to write to my address, so that I can distribute their letters ________ my students who are willing to have friends and are in need of practice.
知识点5 temporary adj.暂时的；短暂的
They sleep and drink milk in that temporary protected environment until they are about seven or eight months old.（教材P20）
它们在那个暂时受保护的环境中睡觉和吃奶，直到它们大约七八个月大为止。
情景导学
She works in the office as a temporary.
她在办公室做临时雇员。
The peace agreement has at least temporarily halted the civil war.
该和平协议至少已暂时中止了内战。
归纳拓展
temporary n. ________
________ adv.临时地；暂时地
链接高考
单句语法填空
5-1（2016北京，阅读理解B，）
Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to ________ (temporary) attend a school in Brooklyn.
根据汉语意思完成句子
5-2（2018北京，七选五，）
Also sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition but rather ________ ________ ________ （一种临时的状态）before a triggering event has occurred.
知识点6 frequency r.发生率；重复率；频率
...they are handled for only a limited time and on a limited frequency of occasions.（教材P20）
它们只能被触摸有限的时间和有限的次数。
情景导学
There are frequent contacts between the peoples of the two countries.
两国人民之间交往频繁。
We frequently have lunch at this restaurant, whose meals are very tasty.
我们常常在这家餐馆吃午餐，这家餐馆的饭菜很好吃。
归纳拓展
________ adj.频繁的，经常发生的
________ adv.频繁地，经常地
链接高考
单句语法填空
6-1（2018课标全国Ⅱ，阅读理解C改编，★★☆）
Data shows that kids and teens who do read ________ (frequent), compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home.
6-2（2017江苏，阅读理解B，★☆☆）
And the ________ (frequently) mothers had called to their eggs, the more similar were the babies’ begging calls.
知识点7 violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的
Fortunately, despite their name, they are generally not violent towards people.（教材P20）
幸运的是，尽管它们的名字听起来很吓人，但它们通常对人不凶。
情景导学
She was shaking violently terrified and incoherent.
她在剧烈地颤抖，惊恐不安，语无伦次
This region, which had been relatively calm, erupted into violence again.
这个过去一直相对平静的地区再次发生了暴力事件。
归纳拓展
________ adv.猛烈地；激烈地；强烈地
________ n.暴力；暴行；激烈的力量
链接高考
单句语法填空
7-1（2019江苏，阅读理解B，★☆☆）
At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with a ________ (violent) far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.
7-2（2018课标全国Ⅱ，完形填空，★☆☆）
I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle.He was shaking ________ (violent).
单句改错
7-3（2018北京，七选五改编，★★☆）
However, anger can easily turn violently, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence.
参考答案：
知识点1
①found ②founder ③founded ④found
1-1 founded考查动词的时态。句意：虽然她小时候就创办了自己的公司，但她的主要动力不是利润。由主句的时态可知此处应该用一般过去时，found意为“创办”，其过去式为founded。
1-2 foundation考查名词。句意：出生在一个国际鹤类基地，埃玛被人类护理人员抚养长大。由介词a及不定冠词an可判断此处应该填名词，international crane foundation国际鹤类基地。
1-3 founders考查名词及其复数形式。句意：作为美国青年农会的创始人之一，同时自己也是一个家庭农场主，我在正改变这个行业的小农场主中处于新思想的前列。由空格前面的冠词the及句意可以判断此处填名词，one of后面应该跟可数名词的复数形式，故填 founders。
知识点2
①坐落于；位于 ②location
2-1 located考查形容词。句意：他的办公室位于浙江省杭州的这所大学里的香山校园。be located at意为“坐落于，位于”。故填形容词located。
2-2 on考查介词。句意：每个楼层和每个公寓里都有灭火器。be located on意为“坐落于，位于”。介词on与floor搭配。
2.3 location考查名词。句意：2005年，当主教艺术剧院被捐赠给我们镇时，这个位置被认为是镇上的贫困区域。该句中定冠词the后面应该跟名词作主句的主语。故填 location。
2-4 Located
知识点3
①free ④free ⑤ freely ⑥免费
3-1 for考查固定短语。句意：许多课程现在可以在网上获得，学生可以从中免费选择。for free意为“免费”，故填for。
3-2 freedom考查名词。句意：那选择的自由是更多的人喜欢独自吃饭的一个原因。该空作主语，因此应该填名词。
3-3 freely考查副词。句意：在那种意义上，我很确定志愿服务是一种比我自愿承认的更自私的行为。设空处应该用副词形式修饰动词like。
3-4 freeing考查非谓语动词。句意：未来的杂货店可能会存有持续多年的“食物”，释放货架空间，减少运输和贮存需求。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语动词，与and后面的 reducing为并列成分，所以此处应用现在分词作结果状语。
3-5 be entirely free from/of dust
知识点4
②distribute...to
4-1 distribution考查名词。句意：目前，世界上大约有6，800种语言。这些语言的分布非常不均衡。根据句子结构可知，此处作主语，因此用名词distribution o
4-2 to distribute考查动词不定式。句意：数以千计的士兵正在给难民们分发食物和毯子。此处表示目的，故用动词不定式。故填 to distribute。
4-3 to考查固定搭配。句意：如果你们国家的学生用英语和土耳其的学生通信感兴趣，请告诉他们写信到我的地址，以便我能够把他们的信分发给我的愿意交朋友以及需要实践的学生们。distribute.，to.，把分发给……。故填to。
知识点5
①临时雇员 ② temporarily
5-1 temporarily考查副词。句意：纳塔莉的学校受损严重，她不得不暂时在布鲁克林的一所学校上学。修饰动词 attend应该用副词 temporarily。
5-2 a temporary state
知识点6
6-1 frequently考查副词。句意：数据显示，确实经常读书的孩子和青少年与不经常读书的人相比，家里有更多的书。修饰动词read应该用副词形式。故填frequently。
6-2 more frequently考查副词的比较级。句意：并且母亲向它们的蛋呼唤越频繁，雏鸟的求食声就越相似。句型“The more…the more….” 表示“越……，就越.....”故填 more frequently。
知识点7
① violently② violence
7-1 violence考查名词。句意：在过去的某个时候，黄石公园一定发生过爆炸，其威力远远超出人类所知的任何范围。由前面的不定冠词a可以判断，此处填名词，作介词with的宾话。
7-2 violently考查副词。句意：我看见船上有两个教官，中间躺着一个男人。他在剧烈地颤抖着。修饰谓语动词应该用副词形式。故填violently。
7-3 violently改为 violent考查形容词。句意：然而，愤怒很容易变成暴力，最好知道愤怒产生的原因，以防止它的出现。turn是系动词，后面跟形容词作表语故将 violently改为violent。
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