人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册 Unit2 Iconic Attractions Reading and Thinking 能力提升练（含解析）

Unit2 Reading and Thinking 能力提升练
一、阅读理解
A
（2020浙江余姚中学高二线上月考）
A message stick was a form of ancient and often non-verbal communication that originated in Australia, particularly among Aboriginal people. It consisted of a wooden stick inscribed（刻）with designs and symbols. These objects were relayed by couriers（信使）between various regions and tribes and thus functioned as a means of cross-cultural communication. In modern times, a message stick might still be used for communication purposes, or it might serve as an Aboriginal cultural symbol containing important and significant designs.
“Aboriginal” is a term that refers to people who are believed to be the first known inhabitants of region and in this case, it is used to describe several subgroups of native Australians. Each group might have its own unique customs and languages. They were often divided by tribes, so these groups needed a means to communicate. Message sticks were first devised for this purpose.
The stick itself was often made of the wood of native Australian trees such as black wattles. Messages were placed on the sticks using a variety of methods, including carving, painting or burning symbols into the wood. The markings usually consisted of wordless symbols that had to be translated by the courier. This messenger was thus usually a physically fit younger man who had the mental harness to properly convey message details.
Message sticks functioned as a sort of neutral territory between tribes. Couriers were granted safe passage and safe harbor, even if they came from an enemy land. Sometimes, the method of delivery consisted of a single courier carrying a message stick om tribe to tribe. Other methods included one tribe began a passing process almost tribes, with each tribe using its own courier to convey the message to the next tribe.
This object also has survived as part of Australian cultural celebrations. Some schools, for example, design and transport message sticks as a means of learning about the past. In addition, the term “message stick” is often used in Australian lingo
as a reference to other communication forms such as newspapers or radio broadcasts.
1. For what purpose did Aboriginal people use a message stick
A. To convey messages secretly.
B. To give identification of a messenger.
C. To show Aboriginal designs and symbols.
D. To make communication across different tribes.
2. What is the main idea of the second paragraph
A. What “Aboriginal” really means
B. Why message sticks were created.
C. What native Australians customs were.
D. How native Australians lived by groups.
3. What would happen if a courier entered an enemy tribe
A. He would be killed.
B. He would be let go.
C. He would be driven out.
D. He would be greatly respected.
4. why do some Australian schools design and transport message sticks
A. To study the Aboriginal language
B. To refer to newspapers and radios.
C. To learn about Aboriginal history.
D. To communicate among themselves.
B
（2020山东济宁高二联考）
The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, California is one of the world’s most beautiful bridges. It is also one of the most visited places in the world. More than 1, 800 hundred million vehicles have used the bridge since it opened more than 70 years ago.
The bridge was painted “International Orange” because that color went well with the natural surroundings. The color is also easier to see in the heavy fog that often covers the area. But the Golden Gate Bridge was not named for its orange color. It was named for the body of water that it crosses, the Golden Gate Strait. The Golden Gate Strait is the entrance to the San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean. The Golden Gate Bridge links the city of San Francisco with Marin County, California.
Planning for the bridge began in the 1920s when the area around San Francisco was growing. People living in the area needed another way to get to the city besides small ferries（渡船）.
Joseph Strauss was the chief engineer for the project. Mr. Strauss demanded the strongest safety protections in the history of bridge building. These included the first use of “hard hats” to protect the workers’ heads and special glasses to protect their eyes.
A special safety net was suspended（挂）under the bridge. This net saved the lives of 19 men during the construction, However, I l other workers were killed when they fell off the bridge through the net. Still, this was a new safety record for the time.
The Golden Gate Bridge opened in 1937. It extends l,280 meters across the water. The total length is 2,737 meters. It was the largest suspension bridge（吊桥）in the world until 1964. That is when the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge opened in New York City. Today, the Golden Gate Bridge is the longest suspension bridge in the world.
5. The Golden Gate Bridge was named after ________.
A. the local climate
B. the color of its paint
C. the strait it crosses
D. its natural surroundings
6. How did people cross the Golden Gate Strait before the bridge was built
A. By plane.
B. By boat.
C. By road.
D. By train.
7. What do we know about Joseph Strauss
A. He attached importance to the workers’ safety.
B. His safety measures were not of practical value.
C. He built the first suspension bridge in the world.
D. He demanded strong measures to ensure the safety of the bridge.
8. The purpose of suspending a special safety net was
A. protect the environment
B. make construction easier
C. prevent workers from falling
D. save building materials from falling
二、七选五
（2020江苏启东中学高二期中考试）
Ancient Rome was one of world’s most powerful empires more than 2, 000 years ago. Romans’ ideas about roads, laws, government and buildings still influence us today.
The Colosseum in Rome was built during phase of the Roman Empire, in the first century AD. 1 It is a popular tourist attraction today.
Italy, located in southern Europe, is shaped like a boot. Italy is well-known for its designers, who create cars, handbags, clothes, shoes Ind other Items thaI are in demand for their style and fine workmanship. Today, the economy of Italy is stronger than that in the past. 2 Today, manufacturing and tourism are the main sources income. There are some big companies, but Italy has many smaller companies, too.
3 The southern part does not offer many manufacturing jobs, so it is not very prosperous.
Italy is a member of the European Union, an organization of joint countries for better trade. The currency, or money they use is called “euro”. 4 Food and good meals are important to Italians. Popular foods include pasta, risotto, minestrone and pizaa. McDonald’s is also popular there.
Many families still eat their main meal in the middle of the day. 5 Families spend a lot of together.
A. Italy has several islands off the coast.
B. The country used to depend on agriculture.
C. Mountains cover about three fourths of the country.
D. The family is very important to the Italian way life.
E. The northern part of the country is the main manufacturing center.
F. It could seat about 50, 000 people, who went to see fights between animals and people.
G. While there are some supermarkets, many people shop at mall, neighborhood markets.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
参考答案
一、阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚土著人使用的信息棒，它曾经是土著人之间传递信息的重要工具。
1. D【解析】细节理解题。从第二段最后两句 They were often divided by tribes，so these groups needed a means to communicate Message sticks were first devised for this purpose.可知，澳大利亚土著人使用信息棒是为了不同的部落之间能够交流。
2. B【解析】主旨大意题。综合分析第二段的信息可知，澳大利亚土著人部落间有自己独特的习俗和语言，因此他们需要用信息棒来交流，故本段主要说明信息棒产生的原因。
3. B【解析】推理判断题。分析第四段中的 Couriers were granted safe passage and safe harbor，even if they came from an enemy land可知，持有信息棒的信使可以安全地穿过敌人部落，故选B。D项夸大了原文信息。
4. C【解析】细节理解题。从最后一段中的 Some schools, for example, design and transport message sticks as a means of learning about the past.可知，一些澳大利亚的学校设计和运送信息棒来了解历史。故选C项。
B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。美国旧金山的金门大桥是世界上著名的桥梁之一。金门大桥由总工程师 Joseph Strauss负责修建，于1937年开放。
5. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 It was named for the body of water that it crosses，the Golden Gate Strait可知金门大桥得名于这座桥跨越的水域——金门海峡。故选C。
6. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句 People living in the area needed another way to get to the city besides small ferries（SHA）可知在金门大桥修建之前，人们乘渡船通过金门海峡。故选B。
7. A【解析】推理判断题。根据文章的第五段及第六段所述内容可知，负责修建金门大桥的总工程师 Joseph Strauss非常注重保护建筑工人的安全，他采取了一些有效措施确保工人的安全。故选A。
8. C【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的 A special safety net was suspended（挂）under the bridge through the net.可知，在建造金门大桥时，桥下挂着一张安全网，目的是避免建筑工人坠落。故选C。
二、七选五
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了意大利及其首都罗马在经济和文化方面的一些特点。
1. F【解析】设空处的前一句介绍了罗马斗兽场的始建年代，此处应该继续介绍它的特点。故选F项。
2. B【解析】根据空格前的内容可知，意大利现在的经济比以前强大了；而空格后一句是现在的经济情况，故此处应选B项，说明其过去的经济情况，两者形成对比。
3. E【解析】本段主要介绍意大利的经济情况，空格后介绍的是南方的情况，与之对应的应该是北方的经济特点。故选E项。
4. G【解析】根据空格后的内容可知，此处主要介绍意大利人的日常生活。G项“虽然有一些超市，但许多人还是在小型的社区市场购物。”符合语境。
5. D【解析】空格后的句子表明在意大利，家庭成员花很多时间在起，由此可知，家庭对意大利人的生活方式非常重要，因此D项符合语境。
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