2023年中考英语二轮复习专题五：形容词(含答案)

Chapter 05 形容词
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1. at first 起初，起先
3. be in control of 掌管，管理
5. be used to 习惯于……，适应于……
7. big deal 重要的事
9. board game 棋类游戏
11. bread maker 面包机
13. call up 打电话给某人，征召
15. care for 照顾，非常喜欢
17. check out 查看，观察
19. cheer up (使) 变得高兴，振奋起来
2. get off 下车
4. get on with 和睦相处，关系良好
6. get out of 离开，从……出来
8. give away 赠送，捐赠
10. give out 分发，散发
12. give up 放弃
14. go off (闹钟) 发出响声
16. hand out 分发
18. carry out 执行，实行
20. by chance 偶然
命题趋势： 形容词是历年各省市中考的必考知识点。从考察形式看，一般有完形填空、词语运用 等。从命题意图看，侧重考察考生在具体语言环境中使用形容词的能力。 中考重难点： 1.形容词原级，比较级和最高级的句型 2.形容词的位置 3.形容词词形变化及辨析
形容词的定义
形容词定义：形容词是用来修饰名词或某些代词，表示人或物的性质、特征或状态的词。
形容词的分类
考点 1 简单形容词
1. 名词变形容词
在名词后面加____________或____________ ；以 ing 结尾的一般用来修饰____________ ；以 ed 结尾的一般用来修饰____________。
interest interesting interested
surprise surprising surprised
excite exciting excited
bore bored boring
2. 动词变形容词
在动词后面加____________或____________ ； 以 ful 结尾的表示____________ ；以 less 结尾的 表示____________。
use useful useless
care careful careless
help helpful helpless
worth worthful worthless
3. 表示天气的名词
名词后面加____________ ，可以将其变成形容词。
rain rainy snow snowy
wind windy sun sunny
4. 表示国家的名词
名词后加____________ ，可以将其变成形容词。
America American Canada Canadian India Indian Russia Russian
考点 2 复合形容词
one-child 独生子的 kind-hearted 好心的 two-hour 两小时的
a six-pound chicken 一只六英磅的小鸡
a sixty-acre farm 一个占地 60 英亩的农场
形容词的位置及用法
1. 形容词作定语时，可放在____________前，____________后。
a useful dictionary a kind woman a sad boy
something important anything special nothing serious
2. 形容词作表语时，放在____________和____________后。
She is weak in Maths.
The old lady is very friendly to us.
The music sounds relaxed.
感官动词有：看起来____________ 听起来____________感觉起来____________ 闻起来 ____________尝起来____________
3. 形容词作宾补时，放在宾语之后，常与 make ，leave ，keep 等动词连用。
Please make the room clean.
Eating more vegetables can make you healthier.
4. 形容词的名词化：将一些形容词放在定冠词之后，可使变成名词，表示一类人。
the good/ bad the rich/ poor the young/ old
【Exercises 】
把下列名词转变成形容词
rain ____________ wind ____________ cloud____________
sun____________ heath ____________ luck ____________
health ____________ use ____________ help____________
forget ____________ beauty ____________ care____________
wonder ____________ color____________ thank____________
snow____________ noise____________ harm____________ pain____________
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英汉互译
many new houses
a clean classroom
some blue bikes
an old white ship
sweet strawberries
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
一位高个子工人
一棵矮树
寒冷的冬天
一个胖男孩
一件红色的新连衣裙
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
形容词的比较级和最高级
考点 1 形容词的比较级最高级变化规则
1. 形容词的比较级最高级规则变化：
构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和 部分双音节 多音节词 一般单音节和大部分双音节词， 直接在词尾加-er/ est tall great strong ____________ greater ____________ tallest ____________ strongest
以不发音的 e 结尾的单音和双音 节词，去 e 再加-er/ est nice large wide nicer ____________ wider ____________ largest widest
以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节、 单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字 母，再加-er/ est big hot wet ____________ hotter ____________ biggest ____________ wettest
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音 节词，改 y 为 i ，再加-er/ est easy busy lucky ____________ busier luckier easiest ____________ ____________
部分双音节词和多音节词，在前 面加 more 或 most 构成比较级和 最高级 important beautiful difficult more important ____________ ____________ most important ____________ ____________
形容词变比较级和最高级：口诀：直，去，双，改，加。
2. 形容词的比较级最高级不规则变化：
形容词、副词 原级 比较级 最高级
不规则变化 good/ well bad/ badly/ ill much/ many little old far ____________ ____________ more ____________ older/ elder ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________
考点 2 形容词比较级最高级的常考句型
1. 形容词比较级常考句型
(1) 同级比较：A + as (形容词) 原级 + as + B... 表示___________________________
否定：“not as/ so...as... ”表示……不如……
He is as excited as his younger sister.
I am not as/ so busy as I used to be.
(2) A + 形容词比较级 + than + B。表示___________________________
The price of the car is higher than that motorcycle.
You look much younger than I do.
(3) the + 形容词比较级，the + 形容词比较级。表示 ___________________________ The shorter your dialogue is, the better it is.
The more difficult the problem is, the more careful we should be.
(4) 形容词比较级 and 形容词比较级。表示 ___________________________
As spring is coming, the day is becoming longer and longer.
Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.
(5) the + 形容词比较级 + of the two + (名词) 。表示____________________________
He is the cleverer of the two boys.
She is the more beautiful of the two girls.
思考：如何修饰比较级的程度？
(6) 可以修饰比较级的词：much (……的多) ，far (……的多) ，a little (一点) ，even (更 加) ， a lot (……的多) ……
I feel much better today.
Your handwriting is far better than mine.
2. 形容词最高级常考句型
(1) the + 最高级(+ 名词) + 表示范围的短语或从句。表示__________________________
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
This is the most boring book I’ve ever read.
(2) one of the + 最高级 (+ 可数名词复数) 。表示______________________________
Qingdao is one of the most beautiful cities in China.
China is one of the largest countries in the world.
(3) 比较级 + than + any other + 可数名词单数。表示_______________________________ Jack is younger than any other boy in his class.
Julia is more beautiful than any other girl here.
注意：1. 在一定地域空间内比较用in ；在同一类事物范围内比较用 of。
2. 同一范围内比较的时候，应把主语排除在外，以避免与自身相比。
【Exercises 】
1. Your classroom is ____________ (wide) and ____________ (bright) than ours.
2. There are ____________ hours of sunlight a day in winter than in summer. (few)
3. Which do you like ____________, maths or chemistry (well)
4. This is the ____________ film I have ever seen. (good)
5. Africa is the second ____________ continent. (large)
6. What he said made his mother much ____________. (angry)
7. I’m not as ____________ as he. (careful)
8. We’ve got as ____________ books as we need.(many)
9. They have done ____________ (much) work with ____________ (little) money.
10. Practice as ____________ as you can. (much)
11. You’re the ____________ person I’ve ever seen. (kind)
12. He is ____________ than his two sisters. (young)
13. The ____________ (old) I get, the ____________ (strong) I seem to feel.
14. The weather is getting ____________ (warm) and ____________ (warm).
15. You are far ____________ than you were. (polite)
一、单项选择
( ) 1. There is more space in the high-speed train and the journey becomes more ________.
A. serious B. boring C. dangerous D. comfortable
( )2. --The song My Country and I is very ________ in China.
--Yes, Chinese like to sing this song to show their love of being Chinese.
A. direct B. clear C. popular D. correct
( )3. --It’s very important for us to keep ________.
--You are right. We should learn how to protect ourselves when we’re in trouble.
A. rapid B. safe C. lucky D. social
( )4. Although Zhong Nanshan knows the new virus is more ________ to old people, he cares little for his own safety.
A. polite B. dangerous C. friendly D. important
( )5. I like these books because they offer me a lot of ________ knowledge.
A. useful B. awful C. useless D. boring
( )6. The restaurant is very popular because the waiters there are ________ customers.
A. thirsty for B. strict with C. hard on D. friendly to
( )7. --Let’s divide the rubbish into different kinds before throwing it away.
--OK. It’s ________ us to use some of it again.
A. thankful to B. good for C. similar to D. painful for
( )8. Zhaozhou Bridge is one of ________ stone bridge in the world.
A. old B. older C. oldest D. the oldest
( )9. Balanced diets are just as ________ as regular exercise in our daily life.
A. important B. more important C. most important D. the most important
( ) 10. Garbage-sorting (垃圾分类) encourages people to live ________ life than before. It makes the earth a better place to live in.
A. a greener B. the greenest C. a wilder D. the wildest
二、根据词的适当形式填空
1. It’s ____________ (rain) in spring in New York.
2. Gao Shan’s uncle is ____________ (short) than his father.
3. Miss Yang is as ____________ (old) as Miss Wang, but she looks ____________ (young) than Miss Wang.
4. I like working here because everyone is ____________ (friend).
5. The ____________ (humor) story made all of us laugh.
Whether sixty or sixteen, there is in every human being’s heart the lure of wonders, the unfailing childlike appetite of what’s next and the joy of the game of living. In the center of your heart and my heart there is a wireless station: so long as it receives messages of beauty, hope, cheer, courage and power from men and from the infinite, so long are you young.
无论是 60 岁还是 16 岁，你需要保持永不衰竭的好奇心、永不熄灭的孩提般求知的渴望和追 求事业成功的欢乐与热情。在你我的心底，有一座无线电台，它能在多长时间里接收到人间万物 传递来的美好、希望、欢乐、鼓舞和力量的信息，你就会年轻多长时间。
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一、单项选择
( ) 1. The doctor assured the patient that there was ________ with her, but she could not help worrying.
A. seriously wrong nothing B. nothing serious wrong
C. nothing seriously wrong D. serious nothing wrong
( )2. --How is your father
--He’s fine. He’s ________ to play tennis every Sunday.
A. enough active still B. enough still active
C. still active enough D. still enough active
( )3. Our school is a big ________.
A. four storey building B. building of four storey
C. four-storey building D. building four storey
( )4. The old man lives ________, he feels ________.
A. alone; lonely B. lone; lonely C. alone; lone D. lonely; alone
( )5. --What do you think of the cake
--I like it very much. It tastes ________.
A. good B. terrible C. well D. bad
( )6. --Look, who’s ________ woman in red
--She’s my new English teacher with ________ eight-year-old daughter.
A. the; a B. a; an C. the; an D. an; the
( )7. --A boy is flying a kite over there. Who is he
--Oh, he is ________ brother.
A. Lucy’s and Lily’s B. Lucy and Lily’s
C. Lucy’s and Lily D. Lucy and Lily
( )8. --Alice, have you finished learning the whole book
--Not yet. So far, we ________ six units.
A. learned B. have learned C. learn D. had finished
( )9. --Must we wear school uniforms everywhere
--No, we________.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t
( ) 10. --The scarf in your hand is colorful. Is it ________
--Yes, but I’ll give it to my sister as ________ birthday present. She likes it very much.
A. yours; hers B. your; hers C. yours; her D. your; her
( ) 11. --We should form the good habit of saving food now.
--I agree, so I always ________ the food I order.
A. eat up B.give up C. turn up D. turn on
( ) 12. --The movie The Wandering Earth is wonderful. Do you feel like ________ it tonight
--I’d love to, but my parents won’t let me ________ too late.
A. watching; to stay B. to watch; staying
C. watching; stay D. to watch; stay
( ) 13. --Do you know the traffic rules
--Sure, one of them is that we can’t go across the street ________ the light is green.
A. until B. after C. if D. when
( ) 14. --Have you heard of the basketball team ________ won the NBA championship last year --Of course, it’s my favorite basketball team-- Raptors.
A. whose B. which C. whom D. who
( ) 15. --It’s a beautiful day today! Can I go outside
--________ You should stay at home and study for the coming examination.
A. Why not B. You’d better not. C. That’s a good idea. D. Sounds great.
二、完形填空
A college teacher once gave a lively class to his students.
He began by holding up a glass ____ 1____ some water in it. He held it up for all to see, and asked the students, “____2____ do you think this glass weighs ”
“50g!” “100g!” “125g!” the students answered.
“I really don’t know unless I weigh it,” said the teacher, “but my ____3____ is what would happen if I held it up like this for a few minutes ”
“Nothing.” the students said.
“OK. What would happen ifI held it up like this for an hour ” the teacher asked.
“Your arm would begin to ____4____.”said one of the students.
“You are right. Now, what would happen ifI held it up for a ____5____ ”
“You might have muscle (肌肉) stress. You could ____6____ move the arm,” said another one.
“You might have no ____7____ in the arm, or get paralysed (瘫痪),” said a naughty student. “You ____8____ go to the hospital for sure!”
“Very good. But during this period, did the weight of the glass ____9____ ” asked the teacher. “No,” the students said.
“Then what ____10____ the arm ache and the muscle stress ”
The students were____11____
“No one knows ” the teacher asked, “Well, can you tell me how to ___12____ it ” “Put the glass down!” said one of the students.
“Exactly !” said the teacher. “The problems of life are something like this. Think of them for a few minutes in your ____ 13____ and you seem OK. Think of them for a long time and you begin to hurt. Think of them even longer and you will not be able to do anything. It’s important to think of the challenges in your life, ____ 14____ it’s even more important to ‘put them down’ at the end of every day before you go to sleep. That way, you are ____ 15____-- you wake up every day fresh and strong and can solve any problem that comes your way!”
( ) 1. A. by B. on C. with D. to
( )2. A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How far
( )3. A. question B. idea C. answer D. plan
( )4. A. lose B. die C. stay D. hurt
( )5. A. day B. summer C. year D. century
( )6. A. hardly B. quickly C. widely D. usually
( )7. A. matter B. problem C. sense D. secret
( )8. A. needn’t B. can C. shouldn’t D. must
( )9. A. stop B. happen C. change D. arrive
( ) 10. A. sent B. caused C. tried D. repeated
( ) 11. A. in need B. in silence C. in danger D. in time
( ) 12. A. take off B. hear from C. deal with D. get into
( ) 13. A. arm B. body C. head D. mouth
( ) 14. A. but B. and C. so D. or
( ) 15. A. worried B. lucky C. nervous D. relaxed
三、阅读理解
A
Li Shijin, 30, didn’t expect to make a living through his voice.
Li began to work as a company salesman in Liaoning Province in 2012. He tried to find a part-time job as a wedding host to improve his confidence.
Around the Spring Festival in 2014, be started listening to audiobooks ( 音 频 书). After being a listener for two years, he decided to record himself reading books. Then, he posted his first audiobook Youth Will Not Return on Qingting in 2016. It was broadcast (广播) and listened to about 20 million times.
A year later, after he had read three audiobooks, he was signed up as a voice performer by Qingting. However, he was under great pressure (压力) when he was signed up by Qingting. “To improve my ability, I didn’t sleep for more than five hours a day during that year. I had better results the following year.” Also, to improve his performance, Li attended a training course at Communication University of China to learn dubbing (配音) and how to write a play in 2018. So far, he has completed nearly 30 works on Qingting.
On the road to success, Li put a lot of effort. Many people tried to get a foothold (立足地) but failed, while he made it!
When talking about the secret of his success, he said, “Many people have good abilities and many work very hard, but they may fail. Early birds get worms. I believe they will get changes and succeed sooner or later if they hold on their dreams and keep on trying.”
( ) 1. Why did Li work as a wedding host
A. To develop his interest. B. To make a living.
C. To make friends. D. To improve himself.
( )2. How did Li feel after being signed up by Qingting
A. Happy. B. Sad. C. Worried. D. Lucky.
( )3. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A. Li succeeded easily. B. Li never failed.
C. Li succeeded through hard work. D. Li succeeded because of good luck.
( )4. Put the following into correct order according to the passage.
①Li posted his first audiobook.
②Li went to the university.
③Li started to listen to audiobooks.
④Li was signed up by Qingting.
A. ①②③④ B. ③①④② C. ③①②④ D. ④①②③
( )5. Which is the best title for the passage
A. A friend in need is a friend indeed. B. Chances favor (偏爱) the prepared mind.
C. Two beads are better than one. D. Time waits for no man.
B
It’s a common belief that fish can’t remember anything for longer than seven seconds. It may seem sad to think that every moment in their lives would be like seeing the world for the first time. But don’t be so quick to feel sorry for them. A new study has found that fish have much better memories than we used to think.
In the study, researchers from MacEwan University in Canada trained a kind of fish called African cichlids to go to a certain area of their tank to get food. They took the fish out and then waited for 12 days before putting them back in the tank again. They found that after such a long break the fish still went to the same place where they first got food.
In fact, scientists had been thinking for a long time that African cichlids might have a good memory. But there was no clear evidence until the latest findings.
Just as a good memory can make our lives easier, it also plays an important part when a fish is trying to survive in the wild. “If fish are able to remember that a certain area contains (容纳) safe food, they will be able to go back to that area without putting their lives in danger,” lead researcher Trevor Hamilton told Live Science.
So next time you are watching your pet fish from outside the tank, perhaps you should feel closer to them-- they may remember who you are.
( ) 1. We often feel sorry for fish because ________.
A. they have bad memories B. they can’t remember anything
C. they are often used for research D. every moment in their lives is new
( )2. Why did the researchers carry out the research
A. To know if fish can find food easily.
B. To find out if fish have better memories.
C. To tell us fish can live for days without water.
D. To show fish can live long without eating things.
( )3. What does the underlined word “tank” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. A kind of fish food. B. A kind of hiding place.
C. A container for holding water. D. A container for keeping fish.
( )4. Which is true according to Trevor Hamilton
A. Fish know where to get food.
B. It’s easy for fish to live in the wild.
C. A good memory can make fish safer in the wild.
D. Fish are often in danger when they look for food.
( )5. Where does this article probably come from
A. A story book. B. A science magazine.
C. A news report. D. A travel book.
四、用所给词的适当形式填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I am Wuhan, a super big modern city with a population of over 11 million. I am home to China’s largest railway transfer center. No other city in the world embraces 1. ____________ (many) college students than me. At the beginning of 2020, the COVID- 19 outbreak 2. ____________ (fall). I locked myself down 3. ____________ (quick). It’s believed to stop the epidemic from 4. ____________ (spread). The 5. ____________ (decide) was made with huge courage. I am Wuhan. Since I was locked down. I have seen groups of medical workers arrive in the city, one after another. Brothers and 6. ____________ (sister) from different parts of the country have rushed for my rescue (救援). You all have offered the 7. ____________ (good) that you have to back me up. A number of 8. ____________ (hospital) have been built to make every patient is treated. I am greatly 9. ____________ (thank) to you all for sending me food and supplies. With the whole country’s joint efforts, I have returned to normal. So far, I 10. ____________ (win) the battle ! I am Wuhan. We are Wuhan. We are Wuhan, China.
五、根据语篇要求填空，每空一词
A passenger told an air hostess that he needed a cup of water to take his medicine when the plane just took off. She told him that she would bring him the water ____1____ ten minutes.
Thirty minutes later, when the passenger’s ring for service sounded, the air hostess flew in a hurry ( 慌 了 神 ). She was kept ____2____ busy that she forgot to deliver him the water. As a result, the passenger was held up (耽误) to take his medicine. She hurried over to him with a cup of water, but he refused it.
In the following hours on the flight, each time the air hostess passed the passenger she would ask him with a smile ____3____ he needed help or not. But the passenger ____4____ paid any attention to her. When he was going to get off the plane, the passenger asked the air hostess to hand him the passenger’s booklet ( 留言本). She was very sad. She knew that he ____5____ write down sharp words, but with a smile she handed it to him.
Off the plane, she opened the booklet, and cracked a smile, for the passenger put it, “On the flight, you asked me whether I need help or not for twelve times in all. How can I refuse your twelve sincere smiles ”
That’s right! Who can refuse twelve sincere smiles from a person
1.____________2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4.____________ 5.____________
参考答案：
ed, ing 事或物，人
ful, less表示肯定，表示否定
y
n
名词 不定代词
系动词和副词
look sound feel smell taste
rainy windy cloudy sunny healthy lucky healthy useful helpful forgetful beautiful careful wonderful colorful thankful snowy noisy harmful painful
1.和……一样 2.A比B……样。3.越……越…… 4.越来越……5.两者中更……样的
2. 形容词最高级常考句型
1.……中最…… 2.……中最……之一 3.比任何其他……都……
1. wider brighter 2.fewer 3. better 4. best 5.largest 6.angrier 7.careful 8. many 9.more less 10. much 11.kindest 12.younger 13.older;stronger 14.warmer warmer 15.more polite
1-5:DCBBA 6-10:DBDAC
1.rainy 2. shorter 3.old, younger 5. friendly 6.humorous
1-5:CCCAA 6-10:CBBAC 11-15:ACABB
16CBADA ACDCB BCCAD
DCCBB BBDCB
1.more 2. fell 3. quickly 4. spreading 5. decision 6. sisters 7. best 8. hospitals 9. thankful 10. won
1.in 2.so 3.whether 4.never 5.would