Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks. 知识讲解及综合练习题（无答案） 2022-2023学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.
【知识讲解】p9-10 1a-2d Role-play
1. You could help clean up the city park. 你可以帮助清理城市公园。
(1)动词help后可以接动词不定式作宾语或宾语补足语,这时不定式的标志to可以省略也可以保留:help sb. (to) do sth.; help sb.with sth. 帮助某人做某事
(2) clean up 打扫；清理
ex: Please clean up your room.
clean-up n.扫除
ex:You must give your living room a good clean-up.
2.(1) use v.使用→useful adj. 有用的 use up 用完
eg: Studying English is__________(use).
(2) use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事
eg: We use Internet __________(find) information.
(3) used to do sth. 过去常常做某事。
eg:My mother used_________（tell）us story when we were young.
( ) He used to ____short and ____ short hair when he was young.
A. have; be B. be; have C. be; be D. have; have
(4) be /get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
eg:My grandpa is used ___________(live) in country.
(5) be used to do sth. 被用来做某事=be used for doing sth.
eg:Stamps is used ____________(post) letters.
3.Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely. 是的，很多老年人都很孤独。
【解析】alone / lonely 辨析：
(1)alone = by oneself adj. 单独的，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感彩。
ex:He often walks alone to home .
(2)lonely ①指人孤独的，寂寞的，强调主观感受；②也可指某个地方是荒凉的
( ) 1.The old man lives ___，but he never feels ____.
A. alone;lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone D. lonely; lonely
( ) 2.My little sister is afraid to stay at home alone.
A. quietly B. lonely C. all the time D. by herself
( ) 3.He did the work all by himself.
A. already B. together C. alone D. lonely
【知识讲解】P11 阅读理解3a-4c
1. Mario Green and Mary Brown from Riverside High School give up several hours each week to help others.
【解析】give up 放弃 give up doing sth=stop doing sth 放弃做某事
( ) I find it too difficult to learn English well. I want to drop it.
A. give up it B. give it up C. give away it D. give it away
2.But I want to learn more about how to care for animals.
【解析】care for 照看；照顾； 照料
( ) Many students in our school ____ the old and they usually offer their seats to them on buses.
A.worry about B. care for C. agree with D. take care
【拓展】care相关短语：
take care =be careful 当心，小心
take care of =look after照顾，照料，照看
care about 关心，在意
care for照顾，照看；喜欢
3.She could read by herself at the age of four. 她在四岁的时候就能够独自阅读。
【解析】at the age of 在......岁的时候= when sb. was ... years old.
( ) —Do you know Mo Yan
—Of course, He won the 2012 Nobel Prize four Literature _____ the age of 57.
A. in B. at C. on D. To
4.Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
【拓展】(1)try on 试穿
(2)try out 尝试；实验
(3) try to do sth. 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】
(4) try doing sth. 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】
(5)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事
【语法讲解】 动词不定式
1.基本结构：
肯定形式是“to+动词原形”，有时可以不带to，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。
否定句式：not to do
2.意义
在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。
3.考点：初中要求掌握的动词不定式的句法作用有：
a.作宾语She likes to read stories.
b.作状语I get here to get my papers.
c.作宾语补足语She asked me to clean the desk.
【巩固练习】
一、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1.We can’t ________________ (推迟) holding a meeting .
2.He is a great man. He’d like to help _______________(无家可归)people.
3.He came very early, so that he could help _____________(清扫)the floor.
4.The football team won the game, and the football fans _______________(高声欢呼).
5.Suddenly he ______________________(想出了) a good idea.
6.They planned to _______(建立) a student volunteer project at the school.
二、翻译以下短语。
cheer up ___________________ give out ___________________
make a plan ___________________ make notices ___________________
come up with ___________________ help out with ___________________
和某人交谈 ___________________ care for ___________________
give up ___________________ feeling of satisfaction_____________
the look of joy ___________________ at the age of... ___________________
try out ___________________ once a week ___________________
帮助某人做某事_________________ sit in ____________________
实现 __________________ at the same time _________________
张贴 __________________ 打电话 ___________________
捐赠 __________________ 推迟 ___________________
闲暇时间 __________________ 考虑 ___________________
无家可归的人__________________ 停止做某事 ___________________
建立，建造
花费……做某事______________________
三、用所给词的适当形式填空。
Mr.Green gives up his free time______________(visit)the old in the old people’s home.
When he saw the children singing happily, he got such a strong_____________(feel) of satisfaction.Bob decided___________(try) out for a job in a foreign company last week.
Mr. Chen stopped__________(do) his job for a year to teach kids in a village school in Gansu Province.
These volunteers are making plans to help those__________________(home)people.
四、找出与划线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
（ ）1.The child looked sad. Let’s cheer him up.
A.happy B.make him happier C.shouted D.give a help
（ ）2.We’re going to set up a project to help hungry people.
A.start B.give up C.get up D.turn up
（ ）3.They need to come up with some ideas.
A.think about B.help…with C.think up D.think over
（ ）4.I’d like to help the kids do their homework.
A.help… doing B.help… with C.give a help D.give a hand
（ ）5.When he grows up, he wants to be a doctor for animals.
A.great man B.vet C.good doctor D.kind of animal
五、从方框中选择恰当的词组，并用其适当形式填空。
1.He has a lot of work to do, so he has to ________going to the doctor.
2.Could you help me _________ these new books
3.Don’t worry. I’ll help ________your room.
4.Let’s _________the sick kids in the hospital.
5.In the end, Grandma __________ a good idea.
6.Would you please not __________signs here
7.We’re going to _________a food bank to help hungry people.
8.I’ll ________you________ as soon as I come back.