中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023届中考英语核心语法:动词的时态精讲精练(含解析)
Part I 知识精讲
一.动词的五种基本形式
动词主要用来表示动作、状态和性质,而动作和状态的发生有具体的时间和表现方式,这就是英语中动词的时态。英语中动词的时态由动词的不同形式来表示。
英语动词的五种基本形式为:动词原形、第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式和过去分词。
1.动词的五种基本形式变化表
形式 构成 例词
动词原形 不带to的动词不定式形式,也就是词典中一般给出的形式 be,have do,learn
第三人称 单数形式 一般在动词原形后加-s runs,likes
以ch,sh,s,o,x结尾的动词,在词尾加-es teach—teaches wash—washes go—goes pass—passes
以辅音字母加-y结尾的动词,先将y变为i再加-es study—studies try—tries
以元音字母加-y结尾的动词,在词尾加-s stay—stays play—plays
现在分词 一般在动词原形后加-ing read—reading
以不发音字母e结尾的动词,去掉e再加-ing live—living write—writing
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写该辅音字母后再加-ing sit—sitting begin—beginning
少数几个以ie结尾的动词要变ie为y,再加-ing die—dying lie—lying tie—tying
过去式与 过去分词 (规则变化) 一般在动词原形后加-ed work—worked
以辅音字母加-y结尾的动词,先将y变为i再加-ed carry—carried study—studied
以e结尾的动词,直接加-d live—lived
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写该辅音字母后再加-ed stop—stopped plan—planned
二.时态的基本框架:中考常见八种时态的构成及用法
(一)一般现在时
构成:①be(am/is /are)+表语; ②实义动词作谓语
用法:
1)表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态,常与表示频度的副词连用。
常用的频度副词有: always、often、 usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays.频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前,系动词、助动词之后。
例如: He often goes swimming in summer.
2)表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。
例如:All my family love football .
Ann writes good English but does not speak well. (主语是第三人称单数时,动词+s/es)
3)表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象。
例如:The earth moves around the sun.
4)表示按计划或安排好的,或将要发生的动作,可用一般现在时表将来。
但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。
例如:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
5)在复合句中,当主句是一般将来时,时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。
例如: I'll tell him the news when he comes back.
If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details.
(二)一般过去时
用法:表示过去的动作或状态。
构成:①was/were+表语; ②实义动词作谓语
标志词:a moment ago,just now,ago, yesterday, last night/week/month(last系列)this morning... )
例句:We went to Yunnan last Monday.上周一我们去了云南。
(三)一般将来时
用法:表示将来的动作或状态。
构成:①will/shall+动词原形; ②am/is/are going to+动词原形
标志词:tonight, tomorrow, from now on, soon, in the future, next year(next系列),in a few minutes
例句:The twins will go to the cinema with their parents tonight.
这对双胞胎今晚将和他们的父母一起去看电影。
注意:在时间和条件状语从句中,用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
(四)现在进行时
构成:am/is/are+动词的现在分词
标志词:am/is/are+动词的现在分词;now, at present, at the moment, these days, look, listen
例句:Look! What are the children doing over there 看,孩子们在那边做什么呢?
用法:
①此刻动作:表示目前正在发生的动作。
②现阶段动作:表示目前一个时期一直在进行的动作,此刻不一定在进行。
③.表示尚未完成的渐变过程,这样的动词有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。
例如:The leaves are turning red.
④.表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,常与always, constantly, forever 等词连用,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。
例如:You are always changing your mind.
⑤.表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。表移动的终止性动词(come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等)用于现在进行时,表示即将要发生动作。
例如:I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。
The train is arriving soon. 火车要到了。
(五)过去进行时
用法:过去某时正在进行的动作或者过去的某个时间段一直在做某事。
构成:was/were+动词的现在分词
标志词:at that time, this time yesterday, at 1:00 last night,at that moment, then, when表示过去时间的状语从句
例句:I was reading when he came in.
She was doing homework from 7 to 8 o'clock last night.
注意:在复合句中,如果两个动作同时发生,那么延续性动词用过去进行时,通常在when或while引导的时间状语从句中出现。
例句:While I was playing the piano,she was dancing.
短暂性动词用一般过去时,只能用when 引导。
例句:When I reached home,my mom was cooking.
(六)现在完成时
用法:①到现在为止已经完成的动作,对现在还有影响。 ②从过去开始延续到现在的动作或状态。
构成:have/has+动词的过去分词
标志词:already, yet, still, just, so far, up to now, till now,before(放句末), recently, once, lately, ever, never,in the last/past+时间段,over the past few years,for +时间段,since+时间点
句型:It is the first/second... time that +主语+ has/have done sth.
例句:He has only been to Kunming once.他只去过昆明一次。
I have been in the Youth Volunteers for five years.我来到青年志愿者队已经五年了。
注意: since后面的从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时;短暂性动词不与一段时间连用。如果要与一段时间连用必须换成延续性动词。
非延续性动词 延续性动词
buy have
borrow keep
open be open
close be closed
begin/start be on
come be here
go be there
finish be over
die be dead
catch a cold have a cold
put on wear
wake up be awake
fall asleep be asleep
lose not have
join be in
leave be away
arrive/reach be
提示:have been to, have gone to和have been in的区别
have been to 曾经去过某地(现在已经回来了),常与just, ever, never等副词连用。
have gone to 去了某地(现在还没有回来),表示说话时某人已不在现场,可能在去的途中,也可能已经到达目的地。
have been in 已经在某地,表示状态,后面常接表示“时间段”的状语。
注意:现在完成时与一般过去时的区别。
现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去或表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响;一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。现在完成时属于现在时态范围,因此,不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。如:yesterday, last night, two weeks ago等。
典型例题
1.The classroom is very clean because the students_____________.
A. cleaned it B. clean it C. have cleaned it D. are cleaning it
2.When I was a child, I for two years.
A. lived in the countryside B. live in the countryside
C. was living in the countryside D. am living in the countryside
3.He his hometown three years ago.
A. left B. leaves C. has left D. is leaving
过去将来时
定义:过去将来时表示从过去某时看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态.是在某一过去时之后发生的动作.我们可以理解为它是"立足于过去,着眼于未来"的一种时态。
结构: a)would/should+动词原形 b)was/were going to+动词原形
典型例句
Li Ming said that you would be happy if you heard from me. 李明说如果你收到我来信,你会很开心的。
He said that he was going to have a walk with his mother. 他说他将要和他妈妈去散步。
He said that he would finish his work before 9 o’clock. 他说他会在九点之前完成工作。
过去完成时
结构:had+done
用法:表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已完成的行为或存在的状态。即发生的时间是过去的过去。
常与“by the end of/by/before+过去时间”构成的短语连用。
| | |
过去的过去 过去 现在
例如:The train had already left before we arrived.
He said that he had learned some English before.
By the end of last term, we had learned five English songs.
He said that he had learned some English before. (主过从过)
三.时态的判定
动词的时态是中考的必考点,在单项填空中考查。考生可掌握以下判定时态的技巧:
①根据时间状语确定时态;
②利用上下文语境判断句子的时态;
③在复合句中根据时态呼应确定时态;
④根据上下文已有的时态信息确定时态;
⑤固定句型中的固定时态。
Part II 中考真题和模拟 动词的时态100题(含解析)
一、单项选择
1.As common sense, children’s development in social activities, athletics and hobbies ________ just as important as achievements in study.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
2.In my school days, I ________ a lot of reading in English every day. That was how I learned English at that time.
A.do B.did C.have done D.will do
3.AR and VR are just toys at the moment. But in the future, they __________ our homes and offices.
A.enter B.entered C.have entered D.will enter
4.—An unclear picture of a far-away black hole ________ scientists around the world these days, as it might solve some of the biggest problems about our universe.
—It’s unbelievable!
A.is excited B.was excited C.had excited D.has excited
5.As we all know, online learning ________ very popular with students since the beginning of last year.
A.are becoming B.has become C.would become D.had become
6.—I called you at 4:00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered.
—Sorry, I ________ with my friends at that time.
A.swim B.swam C.will swim D.was swimming
7.— What were you doing ________ your mother was cooking dinner
— I was doing my homework.
A.what B.before C.after D.while
8.With the efforts of Chinese government, China ________ absolute poverty(绝对贫困) in 2021.
A.end B.is ended C.ended D.was ended
9.—It’s reported that a new high-speed railway will be finished in recent years in our hometown, Bazhong.
—Yes. Great changes ________ since I worked here.
A.will take place B.were taken place C.have taken place D.took place
10.David has worked here for 10 years since he ________ from university.
A.graduates B.graduated C.has graduated D.will graduate
11.There ________ a volleyball game next Saturday. If it ________ we’ll have to put it off.
A.is going to be; rains B.is going to be; will rain
C.is going to have; will rain D.is going to have; rains
12.—I called you just now, but you didn’t answer.
—I ________ the piano at that time.
A.plays B.am playing C.was playing D.will play
13.—Mike, why do you come here so late The concert ________ since half an hour ago.
—What a pity! No wonder all the singers have left.
A.has ended B.has been on C.has started D.has been over
14.When I met Alice yesterday, she _______ along the bank of the river.
A.runs B.was running C.is running D.ran
15.Next year, _______ a new road leading to the village.
A.there is B.there are C.there will be D.there was
16.— As far as I know, there _____ a high-speed train from Yulin to Shenzhen in 2023.
— Yeah! It will be more convenient for the people in Yulin.
A.will be B.has C.is D.will have
17.I don’t know if it _________ tomorrow, but if it _________, I’ll stay at home.
A.will rain; rains B.will rain; will rain C.rains; will rain D.rains; rains
18.Don’t lose heart. If you keep working hard, you _________ some day.
A.will succeed B.succeed C.succeeded D.have succeeded
19.I ________ about my sister when my phone rang. It was her!
A.think B.will think C.was thinking D.am thinking
20.—Daniel has gone to Beijing on business.
—Oh, I didn’t know. When ________
A.has he left B.was he leaving C.did he leave D.will he leave
21.—Mike, why are you standing outdoors
—I ______ my keys. I have to wait here until my mother comes back.
A.have lost B.will lose C.had lost D.lose
22.—Where’s Mr. Yang
—He ________ Longquan Mountain in Danzhai. He ________ there three times because he enjoys the local scenery.
A.has gone to; has been B.has gone to; has gone to
C.has been to; has gone D.has been to; has been to
23.—May I speak to Wang Li
—Sorry, she is not at home. She ________ since last month.
A.left B.has left C.has been away D.went away
24.We ________ our foreign teacher since he ________ to America.
A.haven’t heard from; returned B.didn’t hear from; returned
C.didn’t hear from; returns D.haven’t heard from; returns
25.By the end of last month,Jane enough money for the poor sick boy.
A.raised B.would raise C.had raised D.has raised
26.—I called you at 3 p.m. yesterday, but you didn’t answer.
—I ________ an experiment on Chemistry in the school lab.
A.was doing B.am doing C.did D.do
27.—Why is Kate absent from class
—Oh, she ________ the meeting.
A.was attending B.attended C.is attending D.attends
28.There ________ a sign on the wall. It says you mustn’t smoke here.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
29.—Your son’s dream will come true as long as ______.
—I hope so.
A.he will study hard B.she will study hard
C.he studies hard D.she studies hard
30.—Using public chopsticks ______ necessary when eating with others.
—That’s right.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
31.—Miss Hu, I haven’t seen you for a long time.
—Yes. I ________ as a volunteer nurse in Shanghai for a month. I came back yesterday.
A.worked B.am working C.have worked D.work
32.— Bruce ________ so much in the past two years.
— Yeah, he ________ be shy, but now he is confident and active.
A.has changed; used to B.changed; is used to
C.changed; used to D.has changed; is used to
33.China ________ nine gold medals at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
A.wins B.is winning C.won D.will win
34.He ________ to be alone in the big city, but now he ________ living in the city.
A.was used ; is used to B.used ; is used to C.used ; has used to D.used; has been used to
35.It ________ one and a half years since the COVID-19 first ________.
A.has been; has appeared B.is; appeared C.is; has appeared
36.I have been to many places of interest since I ________ to Chongqing.
A.move B.moved C.have moved D.will move
37.When you _______ me last night, I ________ the piano then.
A.were calling; was playing B.were calling; played
C.called; played D.called; was playing
38.—Alice, let’s invite Jackie to go to Florida with us.
—I don’t think he will go with us. He ________ there before.
A.is going B.was going C.has gone D.has been
39.—Could you please tell me ________ your father is at home
—OK. I will tell you as soon as he ________ back.
A.if; will come B.whether; will come C.if; comes D.whether; come
40.—Oh, dear. You have stepped on my foot.
—Oh, ________. I’m terribly sorry.
A.so have I B.so did I C.so I have D.so I do
41.The great player ________ four Olympic Games. He thinks those experiences are important for him.
A.attends B.is attending C.will attend D.has attended
42.—Were you at home at 8:00 last night I called you but nobody answered.
—Sorry, I ________ a nap at that time.
A.were taking B.took C.was taking D.am taking
43.—I hear your parents have gone to Beijing.
—Yes. And they ________ in three days.
A.return B.returned C.will return D.have returned
44.—I called you last night at 9:30 and I believed you ________ be at home because no one answered the phone.
—Sorry, I ________ at that time.
A.mustn’t; would have been sleeping B.couldn’t; should have slept
C.couldn’t; must have been sleeping D.might not; need have been slept
45.Unless you avoid charging your cellphone all the time, the battery inside it ________ easily.
A.damages B.is damaged C.will damage D.will be damaged
46.Lucy as well as her parents _________ supper at home yesterday when the telephone _________.
A.were having; was ringing B.were having; rang
C.was having; rang D.had; was ringing
47.—Mary, let’s go to the movies this weekend.
—Sorry, I’ll visit my grandmother. My grandfather _______ for two years, and she lives_______.
A.has dead, lonely B.has been dead, alone
C.was dead, lonely D.died, alone
48.—Can I just ask you where you bought your shirt
—Sorry, it actually belongs to a friend of mine. He left it at my house, and I ________ him yet.
A.don’t tell B.haven’t told C.hadn’t told D.didn’t tell
49.He has been ill ________ the day before yesterday. He has to stay in bed.
A.on B.in C.since D.for
50.Mr. Green ________ Xiamen on business and he will be back in a week.
A.has been to B.has gone to C.has been in
51.Joy ________ Hangzhou by plane which ________ at 8:30 next morning.
A.is leaving for; will leave B.is leaving for; leaves
C.will leave for; will leave D.leaves for; leaves
52.Now we have less homework, so we often ________ our homework before 9:00 p.m. every day.
A.have finished B.finish C.finished D.finishes
53.—Here is a letter for Mr. Lee. Is he at home
—No, he ________ to Beijing on business.
A.has gone B.is going C.goes
54.How time flies! Four years ________ passed since I ________ to our Middle School.
A.is; come B.has; came C.has; have come
55.Larry ________ London for two weeks and will be back next month.
A.has been in B.has gone to C.has left
56.There ________ an important meeting this afternoon.
A.is going to have B.is going to be C.is going to hold
57.—You look sad. What’s the matter
—I had a bad morning. By the time I got to school, I found I ________ my homework at home. I had to go back home to get it.
A.have forgotten B.had forgotten C.have left D.had left
58.—We ________ to the water park. Would you like to join us
—Sorry. I prefer to stay at home and watch TV.
A.set out B.have set out C.are setting out D.had set out
59.— I want to know if there ________ a sports meeting next month.
— If it ________, what kind of sport will you take part in
A.will be, comes B.will be, will come C.is, comes D.is, will come
60.— How long have you _________ this car
— I ________ it last year.
A.bought; bought B.bought ; buy C.had;bought D.bought; had
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
61.So far, they ________ (work) here for 10 years.
62.They ________ (plan) activities for the old at this time yesterday.
63.As President Xi Jinping has ever _________ (say), “Clear water and green mountains are as valuable as gold.”
64.The silk scarf is pretty and ______ her blue coat very well. (match)
65.We also look for ways to review what we ________ (learn) since three years ago.
66.—I am going to the party.
—If you do, you ________ (have) a great time.
67.— Is Lisa there
— No, she isn’t. She ________ (do) some reading at the library.
68.— Where were you at ten o’clock last Sunday
— I felt like hanging out with you, but I ________ (study) for a test at that time.
69.Mr. Green _____ (work) in our school ten years ago.
70.To avoid getting together, our school _____ (hold) a parents’ meeting online last week.
71.Doing exercise in a scientific way _______ (be) healthy for both our body and mind.
72.Su Yiming _________ (achieve) his dream in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.
73.Fan Jinshi ________ (do) a lot to protect Dunhuang culture for many years.
74.In the coming summer vacation, I __________ (attend) a DIY course.
75.—Why didn’t you reply to my Wechat
—Sorry. I ________ (help) my neighbour look after her baby.
76.James ________ (read) the English novel last month, but still need four days to finish it.
77.I ________ (prefer) dancing to singing when I was a little girl.
78.I can’t tell you what she said. I ________ (promise) to keep it a secret.
79.If your homework ________ (finish), you can decide if you will visit that famous park tomorrow.
80.This teacher and singer ________ (enjoy) swimming.
81.Ever since yesterday, the good news _________ (spread) all the city.
82.Kate along with her friends often ________ (go) shopping on Sundays.
83.— Do you know the popular TV series Game of Thrones
— Of course. I ________(see)it since five years ago.
84.My physics teacher said that light ________ (travel) faster than sound.
85.Many modern trains in the world are ________ (create) in Zhuzhou.
86.Keep your voice down, please! Your younger brother __________ (sleep) next door.
87.The Nanjing Massacre(大屠杀) ______ (take) place when Japanese soldiers captured Nanjing on December 13th, 1937.
88.Over the past years, Zhang Guimei ______ (manage) to make thousands of girls receive education.
89.Look, there is a wallet ________ (lie) on the ground. Please pick it up.
90.If he ________ (not go) hiking tomorrow, I won’t, either.
三、完成句子(每空一词)
91.昨天下午三点,大明和他的同学们正在北京环球影城门口拍照。
Daming and his classmates ________ ________ ________ at the gate of Beijing Universal Studios at 3 o’clock yesterday afternoon.
92.在全球疫情肆虐的大环境下,中国以快速有效抗疫而出名。
China ________ ________ ________ its speed of fighting against COVID-19 effectively during the pandemic.
93.到目前为止,数以千计的社会工作者已经完成了这项工作。
_______ __________, thousands of social workers _________ ________ the work.
94.昨晚当你给我打电话时我正在听音乐。
I _______ _______ _______ _______ when you called me last night.
95.香港已回归祖国25周年。
Hong Kong _____ __________ __________ to our motherland for 25 years.
96.如果你需要,我很乐意帮助你。
If you need, I _____ __________ __________ to help you.
97.孔子是一位著名的哲学家,他的至理名言对不同国家的许多人产生了影响。
Confucius was a famous philosopher __________ wise sayings have __________ many people in different countries.
98.他总是给有需要的人提供帮助,大家都很喜欢他。
He always ________ help ________ people in need and everyone likes him very much.
99.志愿者们已经来这儿将近一个月了。
The volunteers _______ ___________ ________ for nearly a month.
100.昨天早上,我很开心收到了多年未见的朋友的来信。(hear)
To my great joy, I ________ _____________ a friend whom I haven’t seen for years yesterday morning.
参考答案和详解:
1.A
【详解】句意:根据常识,儿童在社会活动、体育运动和爱好方面的发展与学习成绩同等重要。
考查be动词。根据“As common sense”可知阐述客观事实或普遍真理,应用一般现在时,排除CD。其次主语为children’s development,所以谓语动词用单数,故选A。
2.B
【详解】句意:在我上学的时候,我每天都阅读大量英语。那时我就是这样学习英语的。
考查动词时态。do一般现在时;did一般过去时;have done现在完成时;will do一般将来时。根据下文“That was how I learned English at that time.”可知,是过去发生的事情,所以句子时态要用一般过去时,因此B选项正确。这里要注意,every day虽然常与一般现在时连用,但此句语境是描述过去每天发生的事情。故选B。
3.D
【详解】句意:AR和VR目前只是玩具,但将来,它们会进入我们的家庭和办公室。
考查一般将来时。根据“But in the future”可知,句中使用一般将来时,结构为will do。故选D。
4.D
【详解】句意:——近日,一张关于遥远黑洞的模糊照片令世界各地的科学家兴奋不已,因为它可能会解决一些与我们的宇宙有关的最大的难题。——真是不可思议!
考查现在完成时。根据“these days”并结合句意可知,此处使用现在完成时,结构为have/has done,句中“as it might solve some of the biggest problems about our universe”表示对现在造成的影响,即:这张模糊照片可能会解决与我们的宇宙有关的最大的难题。故选D。
5.B
【详解】句意:我们都知道,自去年年初以来,在线学习已经受到学生的欢迎。
考查现在完成时。根据“since the beginning of last year”可知,此处用现在完成时,故选B。
6.D
【详解】句意:——我昨天下午四点打电话给你,但没人接。——对不起,当时我和朋友们在游泳。
考查动词时态。根据“at 4:00 yesterday afternoon”以及“at that time”可知此处是表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作,应用过去进行时,故选D。
7.D
【详解】句意:——当你妈妈在做晚饭的时候,你在做什么?——我在做作业。
考查从属连词辨析。what什么;before在……之前;after在……之后;while当……时候,通常和延续性动词连用。根据“What were you doing ... your mother was cooking dinner”结合语境可知,此处表示的是“当……时候”,且是延续性动作,应用“while”。故选D。
8.C
【详解】句意:在中国政府的努力下,中国于2021结束了绝对贫困。
考查动词时态。根据“in 2021”可知句子是一般过去时,而且主语和动词之间是主动关系,故选C。
9.C
【详解】句意:——据报道,在我们的家乡巴中,一条新的高速铁路将于近几年建成。——是的。自从我在这里工作以来,这里发生了很大的变化。
考查动词时态。since+一般过去时的从句,主句用现在完成时,故选C。
10.B
【详解】句意:大卫大学毕业后在这里工作了10年。
考查动词时态。since引导的时间状语从句,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时,毕业的动作已经发生过,故选B。
11.A
【详解】句意:下周六将有一场排球比赛。如果下雨,我们将不得不推迟。
考查there be句型和时态。第一句为there be句型,根据“next Saturday”可知,应用一般将来时,其谓语结构为will be/is going to be;第二句含有if引导的条件状语从句,遵循主将从现原则,主语it为第三人称单数,所以谓语应填动词的第三人称单数形式。另外there be句型不和have连用,故选A。
12.C
【详解】句意:——我刚才打电话给你,但你没接。——那时我正在弹钢琴。
考查动词时态。根据“at that time.”可知此句应用过去进行时,故选C。
13.D
【详解】句意:——迈克,你为什么这么晚才来?音乐会半小时前就结束了。——真遗憾!难怪所有的歌手都走了。
考查现在完成时和词义辨析。end结束;be on上演;start开始;be over结束。根据“since half an hour ago”可知,此处应使用现在完成时且需要延续性动词,排除AC;根据“No wonder all the singers have left.”可知,歌手都走了,所以音乐会结束了。故选D。
14.B
【详解】句意:昨天我遇到爱丽丝时,她正在河岸边跑步。
考查动词时态。根据“When I met Alice yesterday,”可知此处是指昨天遇到爱丽丝正在发生的事情,应用过去进行时,故选B。
15.C
【详解】句意:明年,将有一条新路通往村庄。
考查时态。根据“Next year”可知此句时态是一般将来时,There be句型的一般将来时结构是There will be。故选C。
16.A
【详解】句意:——据我所知,2023年将有从玉林到深圳的高铁。——耶!这对玉林的人们来说会更方便。
考查there be句型的一般将来时结构。根据“in 2023”可知,此处要用there be句型的一般将来时结构there will be,故选A。
17.A
【详解】句意:我不知道明天会不会下雨,但如果下雨,我会待在家里。
考查if条件句和宾语从句。前半个句子中包含一个由if引导的宾语从句,根据时间标志词“tomorrow”可知,要用一般将来时,所以可以先排除选项CD;后半句子包含由if引导的条件状语从句,此时根据“主将从现”的原则,从句要用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,动词需要加s。故选A。
18.A
【详解】句意:不要灰心。如果你继续努力,将来某一天你会成功的。
考查if引导的条件状语从句。if表示“如果”时遵循“主将从现”原则,即主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时;空格处于主句位置,故用一般将来时。故选A。
19.C
【详解】句意:我正在想我妹妹的时候,电话响了。正是她!
考查过去进行时。根据“I...about my sister when my phone rang.”可知,电话响的时候,正在想她,强调在过去的某个时间点正在发生的动作,用过去进行时,故选C。
20.C
【详解】句意:——Daniel去北京出差了。——哦,我不知道。他什么时候离开的?
考查动词时态。根据“Daniel has gone to Beijing on business.”可知,“离开”的动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,疑问句借助于助动词did,故选C。
21.A
【详解】句意:——Mike,你为什么站在门外?——我弄丢了钥匙。我得在这里等我妈妈回来。
考查动词时态。根据句意可知,弄丢了钥匙对现在造成的影响是站在门外等妈妈回来,用现在完成时have done的结构表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,故选A。
22.A
【详解】句意:——杨先生在哪里?——他去了丹寨的龙泉山。 他去过那里三次,因为他喜欢当地的风景。
考查has been to以及has gone to的区别。has gone to去了某地(未回来);has been to去过某地(已回来)。根据“Where’s Mr. Yang”可知,杨先生不在说话地,所以是去了龙泉山,还没有回来,故第一空填has gone to,排除C和D选项。根据“three times”可知,去过三次,且there是地点副词,前不加任何介词,用has been。故选A。
23.C
【详解】句意:——我可以和王丽说话吗?——对不起,她不在家。从上个月开始,她就离开了。
考查时态。根据“since last month”可知句子应使用现在完成时have/has done,排除AD;且此处应用延续性动词,而left“离开”是非延续动词,排除B。故选C。
24.A
【详解】句意:自从我们的外教回国后我们没有收到他的消息。
考查动词时态。根据题干和选项,可知句意为“自从我们的外教回国后我们没有收到他的消息。”由句中的“since 自从”,可知主句时态用现在完成时,其结构为:have/has+done,否定形式为haven’t/hasn’t+done,主语是we,用haven’t,hear from sb“收到某人的消息”,hear的过去分词是heard;主句时态为现在完成时,since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,所以第二个空用returned,故选A。
25.C
【详解】句意:到上个月底,简已经为那个可怜的生病男孩筹到了足够的钱。
A. raised筹钱;B. would raise会筹钱;C. had raised已经筹钱;过去完成时;D. has raised已经筹钱,现在完成时。根据时间状语By the end of last month可知用过去完成时,其结构是had done的形式。根据题意,故选C。
26.A
【详解】句意:——我昨天下午3点给你打电话,你没接。——我在学校实验室做化学实验。
考查过去进行时。根据“I called you at 3 p.m. yesterday”可知,强调在过去的某个时间点,正在发生的动作,用过去进行时。故选A。
27.C
【详解】句意:——凯特为什么没来上课?——哦,她正在参加会议。
考查动词时态。根据“Why is Kate absent from class ”可知,凯特没上课是因为此时她正在参加一个会议,应用现在进行时,结构:be doing。故选C。
28.A
【详解】句意:墙上有一个标志。上面说你不能在这里抽烟。
考查there be句型。主语“a sign”是单数形式,be动词用单数形式,且此句陈述一般事实应用一般现在时,故选A。
29.C
【详解】句意:——只要你儿子努力学习,他的梦想就会实现。——希望如此。
考查时态以及人称单词。根据“Your son’s...”可知此处指你儿子努力,用代词he,排除BD;句子是as long as引导的条件状语从句,从句中用一般现在时,主语是he,谓语动词用第三人称单数。故选C。
30.A
【详解】句意:——与他人一起吃饭时,使用公用筷子是必要的。——确实如此。
考查主谓一致以及动词时态。此处阐述的是使用公筷的必要性,句子用一般现在时,动名词作主语,be动词用is,故选A。
31.A
【详解】句意:——胡小姐,我好久没见到你了。——是的。我在上海做了一个月的志愿护士。我昨天回来的。
考查一般过去时。根据“I came back yesterday.”可知,昨天回来了,所以做志愿护士的动作发生在过去,用一般过去时,故选A。
32.A
【详解】句意:——布鲁斯在过去的两年中变化很大。——是的,他以前很害羞,但现在他很自信和积极。
考查时态。第一处根据“in the past two years”可知,用现在完成时,排除BC;第二处根据“but now he is confident and active”可知,强调与现在的对比,用used to be结构,是一般过去时。be used to do sth“被用来做某事”,不符合语境。故选A。
33.C
【详解】句意:中国在2022年北京冬奥会赢得了9枚金牌。
考查时态。根据“...at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.”可知此处指发生过的事情,用一般过去时。故选C。
34.B
【详解】句意:他过去独自一人在大城市,但现在他习惯了在城市生活。
考查短语辨析。be used to doing习惯做某事;used to do过去常常做某事。根据“now”可知,过去一个人住在城里,因此第一空used符合句意;再者根据“but now he”可知,现在习惯了城市生活,时态是一般现在时,is used to符合句意,故选B。
35.B
【详解】句意:离新冠肺炎首次出现已有一年半时间。
考查固定句式。It is/has been+一段时间+since+从句,从句用一般过去时,只有B选项符合,故选B。
36.B
【详解】句意:自从我搬到重庆以来,我去过很多名胜古迹。
考查动词时态。since+一般过去时的从句,主句用现在完成时,所以此处应填动词过去式,故选B。
37.D
【详解】句意:昨晚你给我打电话时,那时我在弹钢琴。
考查动词时态。根据“last night”可知,从句时态应为一般过去时,第一空格处填called;根据时间状语“then” 和when引导的一般过去时的时间状语从句推断主句描述的是过去某个时间正在发生的动作,应用过去进行时态,其构成:主语+was/were+V-ing形式,主语是I,be动词应该用was。故选D。
38.D
【详解】句意:——Alice,让我们邀请Jackie和我们一起去佛罗里达。——我认为他不会和我们一起去。他以前去过那里。
考查时态。根据“He...there before”可知他之前去过那里,用现在完成时“have/has been to”表示“去过某地(已经回来)”,主语为第三人称单数,助动词用has,故选D。
39.C
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我你父亲是否在家吗?——好的。他一回来我就告诉你。
考查连词辨析。if如果,是否;whether是否。根据“Could you please tell me… your father is at home”可知,第一空填if或whether都可以,引导宾语从句。as soon as引导时间状语从句,从句用一般现在时,主语he是第三人称单数形式,动词用三单,故选C。
40.C
【详解】句意:——哦,亲爱的。你踩到了我的脚。——哦。确实是。非常抱歉。
考查强调句。根据“I’m terribly sorry”可知此处指自己确实踩到了对方,用结构so+主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词;根据“You have stepped”可知此处应借助助动词have。故选C。
41.D
【详解】句意:这个伟大的运动员已经参加了四届奥运会。他认为这些经历对他很重要。
考查时态。根据“He thinks those experiences are important for him.”可知此处表示到目前为止已经参加了四届奥运会,用现在完成时,其结构为have/has done。故选D。
42.C
【详解】句意:——昨晚8点你在家吗?我给你打电话,但没人接。——抱歉,我当时正在睡觉。
考查动词时态。take a nap动词短语,“小睡一会”,由问句中“Were you at home at 8:00 last night ”可知,此处是指当时正在睡觉,时态是过去进行时,由be动词“were/was+动词ing”构成,主语是I,be动词was,故选C。
43.C
【详解】句意:——我听说你父母去北京了。——是的。 他们三天后就会回来。
考查一般将来时。根据时间状语“in three days.”可知,应使用一般将来时,结构为助动词will后跟动词原形,因此return用will return表示。故选C。
44.C
【详解】句意:——我昨晚9:30打电话给你,我相信你不可能在家,因为没有人接电话。 ——对不起,我当时一定在睡觉。
考查否定的推测和现在完成进行时。根据“because no one answered the phone.”可知,这里应该是否定的推测,用couldn’t be;第二个空是对系动词be的完成时态事情的肯定性很大的推测,我那时候一定是睡着了,be sleeping睡着了,是一种睡着的状态,应该用现在完成进行时,即:have been sleeping。故选C。
45.D
【详解】句意:除非你一直避免给手机充电,否则手机内的电池很容易损坏。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。此题是由unless引导条件状语从句,如果主句是将来时或表示将来含义时,从句要用一般现在时。此题的主句的主语the battery与动词damage之间是被动关系,因此应该用被动语态,这里的主语用一般将来时,故此处是一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
46.C
【详解】句意:昨天,露西和她的父母正在家里吃晚饭,这时电话铃响了。
考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据“at home yesterday when”可知本句是含有when的过去进行时态。主句一般用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时,排除AD选项;另外第一空的主语是as well as前的Lucy,所以be动词用was。故选C。
47.B
【详解】句意:——玛丽,这个周末我们去看电影吧。——对不起,我要去看我奶奶。我爷爷已经去世两年了,她一个人住。
考查现在完成时和副词修饰动词。alone独自,副词;lonely孤独的,形容词。根据“for two years”可知,此处时态是现在完成时,且动作是延续性的,因此第一空has been dead符合句意;再者根据“she lives”可知,奶奶一个人居住,用副词alone修饰动词,故选B。
48.B
【详解】句意:——我可以问一下你在哪买的衬衫吗?——不好意思啊,这实际上是我的一个朋友的。他把衣服留在了我家,然后我还没有告诉他。
考查动词时态。根据题干中的“yet”,可知应用现在完成时。故选B。
49.C
【详解】句意:他前天起就病了。他必须卧床休息。
考查介词辨析。on用于具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午,下午或晚上;in用在年、月、上下午的前面;since后跟时间点;for后跟一段时间。根据the day before yesterday“前天”可知,用since。故选C。
50.B
【详解】句意:格林先生去厦门出差了,一周后回来。
考查have been to、have been in与have gone to的区别。has been to曾经去过某地,表示现在已不在那里了;has gone to已经去了某地,说话时此人还没回来;has been in一直在某地,常与表示时间段的状语连用。根据“he will be back in a week”可知,此处指的是已经去了厦门还没回来。故选B。
51.B
【详解】句意:乔伊要乘明天早上8:30的飞机去杭州。
考查时态。根据“at 8:30 next morning”可知,主句时态是将来时,leave for用现在进行时表将来;从句陈述客观事实,用一般现在时。故选B。
52.B
【详解】句意:现在我们的作业少了,所以我们经常在晚上9点前完成作业。
考查时态。根据“every day”判断时态为一般现在时,主语为“we”,故谓语动词用原形。故选B。
53.A
【详解】句意:——这是给李先生的一封信。他在家吗?——不在。他已经去北京出差了。
考查现在完成时。has gone已经去了;is going正在去;goes去。根据“Here is a letter for Mr. Lee. Is he at home”和“No”可知,此处李先生不在这里,故应用“已经去了”。故选A。
54.B
【详解】句意:时间过得真快!自从我来到我们的中学,四年过去了。
考查时态。根据“since”可知主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。故选B。
55.A
【详解】句意:拉里在伦敦已经两周了,下个月就会回来。
考查现在完成时。has been in在某地待了一段时间(人未离开);has gone to去了某地(人未回来)。根据“for two weeks”可知,谓语动词需用延续性动词,可排除C选项。再根据“Larry... London for two weeks”可知,此处是指在伦敦待了两周,用has been in。故选A。
56.B
【详解】句意:今天下午有一个重要的会议。
考查there be句型。根据“There”并结合选项可知,该句是there be句型,其结构是:there be+人或物+其它。根据“this afternoon”可知,该句为一般将来时,其谓语结构是:be going to +动词原形。故选B。
57.D
【详解】句意:——你看起来很伤心。怎么了?——我早上过得很糟。当我到学校时,我发现我把作业忘在家里了。我得回家去拿。
考查动词时态以及动词辨析。forget忘记;leave遗忘。根据“By the time I got to school”可知,表示过去的过去,用过去完成时had done的结构。根据“my homework at home”可知,把作业落在家里了,故选D。
58.C
【详解】句意:——我们要出发去水上公园。你想要加入我们吗?——对不起。我更喜欢待在家看电视。
考查时态。根据“Would you like to join us ”可知询问的是将要发生的事,用一般将来时,C选项是现在进行时表将来。故选C。
59.A
【详解】句意:——我想知道下个月是否有运动会。——如果有,你会参加什么运动?
考查If的用法。根据“I want to know if ”可知,此处if表示“是否”,结合next month,句子时态是一般将来时,will be符合句意;再者根据“what kind of sport will you take part in”可知,此处if表示“如果”,遵循主将从现原则,从句时态是一般现在时,因此comes符合句意。故选A。
60.C
【详解】句意:——你买这辆车多久了?——去年买的。
考查动词。bought是buy的过去式,买,是短暂性动词;had是have的过去式,买或拥有,是延续性动词。第一个句子中有How long“多长时间”,表示一段时间,所以用延续性动词had;第二个句子中有last year是一般过去时,表示买的短暂性动作,所以用bought。故选C。
61.have worked
【详解】句意:到目前为止,他们已经在这里工作10年了。根据“So far”可知,时态是现在完成时,主语是they,助动词用have。故填have worked。
62.were planning
【详解】句意:昨天这个时候,他们正在为老年人计划活动。plan“计划”,动词,作谓语。根据“at this time yesterday”可知,时态用过去进行时,谓语结构是was/were+doing。主语“They”是复数,be动词用were,plan的现在分词是planning。故填were planning。
63.said
【详解】句意:正如习近平主席所说,“碧水青山贵如金。” “has+过去分词”构成现在完成时结构,故此空应填过去分词,故填said,
64.matches
【详解】句意:这条丝绸围巾非常的漂亮,和她的蓝色大衣很相配。match“搭配,相配”,是一个动词。根据句意可知,这句话中使用了一般现在时,主语是the silk scarf,第三人称单数,match用第三人称单数形式,故填matches。
65.have learnt
【详解】句意:我们也想办法复习三年前学过的东西。根据“since three years ago”可知,此处用现在完成时have/has done的结构,主语we是复数形式,助动词用have,故填have learnt。
66.will have
【详解】句意:——我要去参加聚会。——如果你这样做,你会玩得很开心。根据“If you do, you...a great time.”可知,此处是if引导的条件状语从句,结合“I am going to the party.”可知,此处满足“主将从现”原则,主句用一般将来时,故填will have。
67.is doing
【详解】句意:——丽萨在吗?——她不在。她正在图书馆看书。根据“She...some reading at the library.”可知,此处强调动作正在发生,用现在进行时,故填is doing。
68.was studying
【详解】句意:——上周日十点你在哪里?——我很想和你出去玩,但是我当时正在准备考试。根据“last Sunday”和“but I...study for a test at that time.”可知,此处强调在过去的时间点正在发生的动作,用过去进行时,故填was studying。
69.worked
【详解】句意:格林先生十年前在我们学校工作。根据时间状语“ten years ago”可知,该句应使用一般过去时,提示词work是谓语动词,应改为过去式,即worked。故填worked。
70.held
【详解】句意:为了避免大家聚在一起,我们学校上周开了一次线上家长会。由“last week”可知,本句为一般过去时,动词用过去式held,故填held。
71.is
【详解】句意:以科学的方式做运动对我们的身心都是健康的。时态是一般现在时,主语是“Doing exercise in a scientific way”,be动词用is。故填is。
72.achieved
【详解】句意:苏翊鸣在2022年北京冬奥会上实现了他的梦想。根据“in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics”可知,是阐述过去的事情,用一般过去时态,动词填过去式achieved。故填achieved。
73.has done
【详解】句意:樊锦诗多年来为保护敦煌文化做了很多。根据“for many years”可知,此处使用现在完成时,主语为人名,单数形式,结构为has done。故填has done。
74.will attend
【详解】句意:在即将到来的暑假里,我将参加一个DIY课程。根据“In the coming summer vacation”可知,此处为一般将来时,使用will do结构。故填will attend。
75.was helping
【详解】句意:——你为什么不回复我的微信?——对不起。我正在帮助我的邻居照看她的孩子。根据“Why didn’t you reply to my Wechat ”可知,回答那时正在做什么,需要过去进行时,主语是I,be动词用was;故填was helping。
76.was reading
【详解】句意:詹姆斯上个月正在读那本英文小说,但还需要四天才能读完。根据“but still need four days to finish it.”可知,“阅读”这件事情还未完成,此阶段仍在进行,结合“last month”,此处用过去进行时,was reading符合句意,故填was reading。
77.preferred
【详解】句意:当我是个小女孩的时候,比起唱歌我更喜欢跳舞。本句是when引导的时间状语从句,根据从句的was可知,从句是一般过去时,主句也需用一般过去时。prefer的过去式是preferred。故填preferred。
78.have promised
【详解】句意:我不能告诉你她说了什么。我已经保证保守秘密。promise“保证”;根据“I can’t tell you what she said.”可知,“保证”的动作发生在过去且已经结束,影响是“不能告诉你”,所以此处用现在完成时,主语是I,助动词用have,promise变成过去分词promised。故填have promised。
79.is finished
【详解】句意:如果你的作业完成了,你可以决定明天是否去参观那个著名的公园。主语homework与动词finish之间是被动关系,if引导的条件状语从句,从句用一般现在时,故此处用一般现在时是被动语态,主语是不可数名词,助动词用is,故填is finished。
80.enjoys
【详解】句意:这位老师兼歌唱家喜欢游泳。结合句意可知,本句时态为一般现在时。主语This teacher and singer意为“这位老师兼歌唱家”,指的是同一个人,主语是单数,谓语动词用单数形式,所以填enjoy的第三人称单数形式enjoys。故填enjoys。
81.has spread
【详解】句意:从昨天开始,这个好消息就传遍了整个城市。spread“传播,扩散”。分析句子成分可知,空格处应用谓语动词,结合语境和“Ever since yesterday”可知,句子应用现在完成时,即have/has done,由于句子主语为“the good news”故此处应用has spread。故填has spread。
82.goes
【详解】句意:凯特和她的朋友们经常在星期天去购物。根据“often”可知用一般现在时,主语“Kate along with her friends”,谓语采用就远一致原则,与Kate保持一致,用动词第三人称单数形式,go的第三人称单数形式是goes。故填goes。
83.have seen
【详解】句意:——你知道热播电视剧《权力的游戏》吗?——当然了。我从五年前就开始看了。since+一段时间+ago,要与现在完成时连用,主语I是第一人称,助动词用have,故填have seen。
84.travels
【详解】句意:我的物理老师说光比声音传播得快。“光比声音传播得快”是客观事实和真理,用一般现在时,主语是“light”,动词用三单。故填travels。
85.created
【详解】句意:世界上许多现代火车都是在株洲制造的。主语“Many modern trains in the world”与动词create之间是动宾关系,用被动语态,are后接create的过去分词形式created。故填created。
86.is sleeping
【详解】句意:请小声点!你弟弟正在隔壁睡觉。sleep“睡觉”。结合语境和“Keep your voice down, please”可知,你弟弟正在隔壁睡觉,此处应用现在进行时,表示正在进行的动作,现在进行时应用“be doing”结构,根据“Your younger brother”可知,句子主语为单数,故be动词应用is。故填is sleeping。
87.took
【详解】句意:1937年12月13日,日军攻占南京时,南京大屠杀发生了。根据“when Japanese soldiers captured Nanjing on December 13th, 1937.”可知,该句应用一般过去时,此处用动词的过去式,take place“发生”变为took place。故填took。
88.has managed
【详解】句意:在过去的几年里,张桂梅设法让数千名女孩接受教育。根据“Over the past years”可知句子应用现在完成时,其谓语结构为:has / have+过去分词。主语Zhang Guimei为第三人称单数,助动词应用has。动词manage的过去分词为managed。故填has managed。
89.lying
【详解】句意:看,地上有一个钱包。请把它捡起来。lie“躺,位于”,动词。根据“there is a wallet...on the ground”可知,句子是there be sth. doing sth.“有某物正在做某事”的句型,空处应填现在分词形式,作定语。故填lying。
90.doesn’t go
【详解】句意:如果他明天不去徒步旅行,我也不去。根据“If”和“I won’t”可知,句子为条件状语从句,此时句子时态应遵循“主将从现”原则,故空格处应用一般现在时,根据“he”可知,句子主语为第三人称单数形式,且谓语动词为go“去”,故其否定句应在go前加助动词does,再加not,可缩写成doesn’t,谓语动词用动词原形go。故填doesn’t go。
91. were taking photos##pictures
【详解】take photos/pictures“拍照”,根据“at 3 o’clock yesterday afternoon”可知,时态是过去进行时,主语是复数,be动词用were。故填were;taking;photos/pictures。
92. is known##famous for
【详解】be known/famous for“因……而出名”,时态是一般现在时,主语是“China”,be动词用is。故填is;known/famous;for。
93. So far have finished
【详解】到目前为止:so far;完成:finish;此句时态需要现在完成时态,主语是复数,助动词用have,故填So far;have finished。
94. was listening to music
【详解】分析句子可知是含有when的过去进行时态,主句用过去进行时:was/were doing。主语是I,be动词用was;listen to music“听音乐”。故填was;listening;to;music。
95.has been back
【详解】表达从过去某一时刻开始延续至今,用现在完成时,be back to表示“回到”,主语是第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has been back。
96.will be happy##will be willing##will be ready
【详解】be happy/willing/ready to do sth.“乐意做某事”,此处是if引导的条件状语从句,需满足“主将从现”原则,此处用一般将来时。故填will be happy/willing/ready。
97. whose affected
【详解】第一空为关系代词,引导定语从句,修饰先行词a famous philosopher,且关系代词在句中作定语,故第一空应为whose;affect“影响”,动词,第二空考查现在完成时,结构是have/has done,故affect用其过去分词形式。故填whose;affected。
98. offers##provides to##for
【详解】offer sth to sb/provide sth for sb“提供某物给某人”,时态是一般现在时,主语是He,动词用三单,故填offers/provides;to/for。
99.have already been here##have been here
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处时态为现在完成时,且缺少“已经来这儿”;already“已经”。have been in“在某地待多长时间”,here“这里”是副词,其前不用介词,即have been here。故填have (already) been here。
100.heard from
【详解】根据“yesterday morning”可知,本句是一般过去时;固定短语hear from sb.“收到某人的来信”,hear的过去式为heard 。故填heard from。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 (共 2 页)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)