人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第四册 Unit3 Sea Exploration 拓展阅读专项训练（一） (有解析)

Unit3 拓展阅读专项训练（一）
一、刷阅读理解
A
体裁：说明文 题材：探索海洋 词数：343 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[河南林州一中2020高二月考]It seems we can't get off the planet fast enough. Two thirds of NASA's money is spent on manned space exploration. We've seen all we can see on Earth，right？Wrong. The final place is here，under the surface of the sea.
When we are heading down into the ocean，human limits are quickly reached. At a depth of 200 metres，the water is as black as a moonless night. Most nuclear submarines（核潜艇）would implode（内爆）before they reach 1 km down. At a depth of 3 km-still less than the average depth of the ocean—there's a good chance that you'll discover a new species. The deepest-diving whales go no further. At the very bottom，about 11 km down，lies the Challenger Deep，the deepest part of the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. Twelve humans have walked on the Moon，but only three have seen the Challenger Deep with their own eyes.
Yet things live down there. Big things. A very loud sound was once heard and scientists suggested that it was produced by an animal bigger than a blue whale, the largest creature known on the planet.
In the late 1990s, a deep-water submarine was dropped in the Southern Ocean, and passing 4,000 metres, it discovered something huge passing under it.
Surprised Don't be. The ocean covers 71% of the planet's surface and we've studied less than 5% of it.
We know more about the dark side of the Moon than about the bottom of the sea.
One reason that we explore space is to find evidence of other life forms. The search for life outside of Earth is important, but robots can look under the dry rock on Mars better than humans. They're absolutely important for doing ocean research too, but they can't look under the sea. The cost of exploration is rising, but the results would benefit all of us.
Perhaps now it's time to begin a new period of sea exploration. Manned exploration of space is under way.
The adventure in the deep sea is to be expected.
1. What do the examples in Paragraph 2 suggest
A. Sea exploration is no easy task.
B. Nuclear submarines need to be improved.
C. The ocean is far deeper than people expected.
D. The conditions under the sea are similar to those on the Moon.
2. What do we know about the Challenger Deep
A. Blue whales live there.
B. No one has ever been there.
C. People are terrified at the sight of it.
D. It is the deepest known location in the ocean.
3. What does the author think of the discovery in the Southern Ocean
A. It's surprising.
B. It's no wonder.
C. It's worrying.
D. It's no success.
4. What does the author want to tell us
A. Space exploration is of little value.
B. We spend too much money on space travel.
C. Humans' success lies in how much they explore the sea.
D. The ocean is the place where we should make our efforts.
B
体裁：记叙文 题材：人物故事 词数：382 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[湖北2021高二联考]In New Brighton，Minnesota，the Bartz brothers（Connor，Austin，and Trevor）have built beautiful snow sculptures in their front yard for the past several years. And they're not ordinary snowmen-they're huge and sea-themed！
The tradition began in 2012，after a family fishing trip in Florida，where Connor，then 17，caught a pufferfish（河豚）.It encouraged the boys to make a super-sized fish out of snow. So they got to work，collecting as much snow as possible from around their neighbourhood. After eight hours of shoveling（用铲子铲）and sculpting snow，their 5-foot tall pufferfish was complete. And it was a big hit！Before long，the locals and TV reporters began stopping by their front yard to enjoy their creation.
“Each winter，we decide which sea animals would work best and be the most fun to build，"Trevor said. Since 2012，they've made a shark，a turtle，an octopus（章鱼）and so on. Their favourite was the octopus，which they built in 2016.It was their biggest sculpture yet，taking nearly 500 hours（and 150 tons of snow）to make！
The brothers also made sure it was just as much fun for visitors. "We liked it being kid-friendly，with tentacles（触须）you could slide down,” Connor said. Named by Facebook fans，Octavius the octopus was a star appearing on national news stations.
To make the most of their project，the boys decided to raise money for a good cause. “Given that our work was made of snow，it made sense to collect money to help provide drinking water to people in need，”Austin said. They teamed up with One Day's Wages，an organisation that provides clean water to people in Haiti. By the end of winter，the brothers had raised $17，263！
Their advice for anyone with big dreams is，“If you want to be successful，work hard and have a good attitude，”Austin said. “Success might not come immediately. It is important to take joy in what you are doing now. When we were younger, we made many snow creations that did not make the news, but we still had a pleasurable experience!"
1. What inspired the Bartz brothers to start their creations
A. Their family traditions.
B. A fish caught by Connor.
C. Austin's snowmen.
D. Their neighbours' praise.
2. Which one is TRUE about Octavius the octopus
A. It was the boys' first creation.
B. It was the boys' smallest sculpture.
C. It helped the boys make a lot of money.
D. It attracted wide attention.
3. What suggestion did the Bartz brothers make
A. Think twice.
B. Learn to be creative.
C. Start small and enjoy it.
D. Make use of everything.
4. Which of the following can best describe the Bartz brothers
A. Imaginative and caring.
B. Childish and friendly.
C. Open-minded and smart.
D. Hard-working and courageous.
二、刷七选五
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明 词数：223 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[河南郑州2021高二期中]Living near the ocean is good for health，but not all people can afford it. However，those who can certainly gain a lot of health benefits.
1 As we know，because people living near a shore get enough time to swim in sea water，they naturally tend to be stronger. Physicians have been recommending visits to coasts that specialise in providing sea water cleansing treatment，which improves the immune system.
Living near the ocean promotes physical activities. The seashore encourages outdoor activities like jogging on the sand，beach volleyball，scuba diving，，surfing，etc. 2
Fresh air helps get to sleep. Fresh ocean air enables us to consume oxygen，adding to good health. It also helps people feel more relaxed. 3 Little by little，this leads to better sleep after spending more time near the beach.
Living near the ocean can help us absorb more Vitamin D. 4 Thus, natural sunlight, along with the sunrays which bounce off the sand and the ocean, is the excellent supply to our everyday need of Vitamin D.
Living near the ocean is helpful in meditation. 5 It helps people free from all worries of the past or the future. We get totally tuned to the present and become calm, as we listen to the rise and fall of waves.
A. Sunshine is a major source of Vitamin D.
B. People living near a sea coast are a bit healthier.
C. How will living near the ocean help improve your health
D. Besides, when you listen to the sound of waves, it calms you.
E. Vitamin D builds up your bones, making a normal immune system.
F. Just sit near the seashore and see the waves moving back and forth.
G. These activities help people living near or on the beach live actively.
答案解析
刷阅读理解
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。地球表面71%的面积是海洋，而我们已探索的区域却不足其5%，比起对太空的探索，或许探索深海更具现实意义。
1.A推理判断题。由第二段中的Twelve humans have walked on the Moon，but only three have seen the Challenger Deep with their own eyes.可知，已有12个人在月球上行走过，但是目睹过马里亚纳海沟的最深处，即挑战者深渊的却只有3个人。可见比起探索太空，人类对于深海的探索更为艰难。故选A项。
2.D细节理解题。由第二段中的At the very bottom，about 11km down，lies the Challenger Deep，the deepest part of the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean.可知，挑战者深渊位于海底大概11千米的位置，是马里亚纳海沟最深的部分，即已知的海洋最深处。故选D项。
3.B细节理解题。由第四段中的it discovered something huge passing under it 和 Surprised？Don't be.The ocean covers 71%of the planet's surface and we've studied less than 5%of it.We know more about the dark side of the Moon than about the bottom of the sea.可知，对于在南冰洋的发现，作者认为不足为奇，因为地球表面71%的面积被海洋覆盖，人类已探索的区域却不到5%。故选B项。
4.D推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的The search for life outside of Earth is important..…but they can't look under the sea.The cost of exploration is rising，but the results would benefit all of us.和最后一段可知，探索深海对人类的实际意义重大，所以作者要告诉我们海洋是我们应该努力探索的地方。故选D项。
B
【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了巴茨兄弟（康纳、奥斯汀和特雷弗）在过去几年中在他们的前院里建造了许多漂亮的海洋主题雪雕。
1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的..where Connor，then17，caught a pufferfish.It encouraged the boys to make a super-sized fish out of snow.可知，康纳在一次钓鱼旅行时捕了一条河豚，这让三兄弟萌生出了用雪堆一条大鱼的想法。故选B项。
2.D细节理解题。根据第四段中的Named by Facebook fans，Octavius the octopus was a star appearing on national news stations.可知，三兄弟做的章鱼雪雕集观赏性、娱乐性于一身，引起了人们的广泛关注。故选D项。
3.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Success might not come immediately...but we still had a pleasurable experience！”可知，三兄弟给有梦想的人的建议是：成功不是一蹴而就的，要从小事做起，并学会乐在其中。故选C项。
4.A推理判断题。根据第三段中的Since 2012，they've made a shark，a turtle，an octopus and so on.及倒数第二段中三兄弟与向海地提供净水的组织合作并筹款的事情可知，他们既富有创造性又有爱心。故选A项。
刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些住在海边的好处。
1.B根据下文As we know，because people living near a shore get enough time to swim in sea water，they naturally tend to be stronger.可知，下文主要说明了住在海边的人更健康的原因，所以本句是在提出段落主旨：住在海边的人比较健康。B选项中的People living near a sea coast对应下文中的people living near a shore。故B选项“住在海边的人比较健康”符合语境。
2.G根据上文The seashore encourages outdoor activities like jogging on the sand，beach volleyball，scuba diving，surfing，etc.可知，上文列举了一些海边的体育锻炼，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文，继续说明这些活动的好处。故G选项“这些活动有助于生活在海滩附近或海滩上的人们积极生活”符合语境。
3.D根据上文Fresh ocean air enables us to consume oxygen，adding to good health.It also helps people feel more relaxed.可知，本段主要说明的是海边的环境对人的好处，上文提到了海边的空气，结合常识可知，海边还有海浪的声音，故D选项“此外，当你听海浪的声音时，它会使你平静”符合语境。
4.A根据上文Living near the ocean can help us absorb more Vitamin D.以及下文Thus，natural sunlight，along with the sunrays...is an excellent supply to our everyday need of Vitamin D.可知，本句承上启下，说明维生素D的来源是什么，故A选项“阳光是维生素D的主要来源”符合语境。
5.F根据上文Living near the ocean is helpful in meditation.以及下文可知，本段主要说明海浪有助于冥想，F选项中的the waves对应下文中的waves。故F选项“就坐在海边，看海浪来回移动”符合语境。
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