人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第四册 Unit2 Iconic Attractions 拓展阅读专项训练（一） （有解析）
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Unit2 拓展阅读专项训练（一）
一、刷阅读理解
A
体裁：说明文 题材：历史与地理 词数：328 难度：中 建议用时：6分钟
[浙江绍兴高级中学2020高二教学质量检测]
Iceland is a large island. In fact，it's the world's 18th largest island. Most of the population，however，lives in the southwestern part of the country，in or around the capital city of Reykjavik. By its very name，you'd expect Iceland to be mostly ice-covered. Looking at Iceland on a map，you'll notice it sits just outside the Arctic Circle. Despite its location and name，Iceland actually has a temperate climate，because it is warmed by the Gulf Stream. The Gulf Stream also helps keep Iceland's coastal ports ice-free through the winter.
There is plenty of ice on Iceland，though. The country consists of a large plateau（高原）that includes fields of sand，mountains and glaciers. Over 60%of Iceland is tundra（苔原）.About 14%of Iceland consists of lakes and glaciers. Only about 24% of the country has plants or vegetation of any kind，which covers a vast area in the south of the country.
Iceland was settled in the late 800s and early 900s by Norsemen from the Scandinavian country of Norway. Other settlers also came from Ireland and Scotland. From the 13th century to 1918，Iceland was part of the Norwegian and later Danish monarchies. For most of that time，the small Icelandic population depended upon fishing and farming to make a living.
For hundreds of years，Iceland was one of the poorest and least developed countries in the world. After World War Ⅱ，international aid and industrialisation of the fishing industry turned Iceland into one of the wealthiest countries in the world. In 1994，Iceland became part of the European Economic Area（欧洲经济区），which allowed its economy to grow even faster.
Iceland boasts one of the youngest islands in the world. Surtsey rose out of the ocean during a series of volcanic eruptions between 1963 and 1968.Today，only scientists who study the growth of new life can occasionally visit the volcanic island of Surtsey.
1. What can we know about Iceland according to the passage
A. It lies in the Arctic Circle.
B. Its capital city is very crowded.
C. Many people live in the east.
D. It has a fairly mild temperature.
2. What is mainly talked about in the third paragraph
A. Iceland's history.
B. Iceland's geography.
C. Iceland's population.
D. Iceland's politics.
3. What can we infer about Surtsey from the last paragraph
A. People there live on fishing.
B. No human beings live there at all.
C. There are many visitors.
D. Science is developing fast there.
B
D体裁：记叙文昌题材：人物故事词数：288以难度：中o建议用时：7分钟
[福建三明一中2021高二开学考试]After seeing the famous movie series Pirates of the Caribbean（《加勒比海盗》），Alexander Marchenko，a 38-year-old businessman from a small Russian village，decided to build his very own copy of the Black Pearl pirate ship.
Marchenko has travelled all over Russia，and believes that there is no other land more beautiful than his hometown. He decided to take advantage of the beautiful environment and build a hotel.
He had noticed the other restaurants and hotels in the area all looked the same way，so he tried to come up with something special that would attract visitors. He was wondering what kind of hotel he would build when the Black Pearl came into his mind. He then decided to build his own Black Pearl ship. Without any ship building experience，he went online and downloaded photos of famous ships to use as guides. And he started working on it immediately. It's been two years since he worked on his ship. Now, his own Black Pearl is starting to take shape on the Yenisei River.
The 21-metre-long vessel is made of wood produced locally，and the ship's “captain" plans to add all the tiniest details of the original Black Pearl. Right now，Marchenko is working on the interior decoration（内部装潢）.He spends most of his time in the workshop，making all the little designs by hand. So far，he has spent 3.5 million roubles.
Marchenko hopes to finish the work this summer. Judging by the attention his ship is getting in its current state，he believes that upon completion，tourists will flock to see his wooden wonder.
1.Which of the following does Alexander Marchenko believe？
A. His hometown is cleaner than any other village.
B. His small village will become a tourist attraction.
C. He can build the Black Pearl pirate ship with ease.
D. His hometown is more beautiful than any other land.
2. Which of the following words can be used to describe his hotel
A. Special.
B. Environmentally friendly.
C. Tiny.
D. Expensive.
3. What does the underlined word "vessel" in Paragraph 4 mean
A. Hotel.
B. Car.
C. Movie.
D. Ship.
4. What does Marchenko think of the future of his hotel
A. He is very confident of its success.
B. He is doubtful about its success.
C. He is worried about its success.
D. He is not certain of its future.
二、刷七选五
体裁：说明文 题材：历史与地理 词数：280 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
Rivers play an important role on Earth, and we can't imagine what the Earth would be like without rivers. 1
With a length of about 6,650 kilometres, the Nile is the longest river in the world. The Nile River has been the source of human civilisation since ancient times. The Nile has two main branches-the White Nile and the Blue Nile. The White Nile starts from the Great Lakes region of East and Central Africa through Lake Victoria. 2 The Blue Nile carries with it a lot of fertile soil which turns out to be very important to farming in Egypt.
The Amazon River is the world's largest river with a width of about 40 kilometres during the rainy season but about 10 kilometres wide when it is not flooded. The Amazon River has such a big water volume that it accounts for more than 20% of all the world's fresh water-far more than any other river. 3 The main Amazon River flows mostly through Brazil and Peru but its tributaries（支流）can also be found in many other countries.
4 It has a depth of about 220 metres. Its length is 4，700 kilometres. The sources of the Congo River are in the highlands and mountains in the East African Rift. It's the second largest river in terms of water volume. 5 The Congo Basin（刚果盆地）is the catchment area（集水区域）of the Congo River. It lies in both north and south of the equator，making its flow very stable as there are always some tributaries experiencing a rainy season at any time.
A. Some of them are worth mentioning.
B. The Congo River is the world's deepest river.
C. Do you know which is the deepest river in the world？
D. The Blue Nile originates from（发源于）Lake Tana in Ethiopia.
E. Without rivers，there would be no living things in and along them.
F. And it flows through the second largest rainforest in the world.
G. Streams that begin in the Andes Mountains are its sources.
答案解析
刷阅读理解
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了北欧国家——冰岛的地理位置、气候以及历史等信息。
1.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的Iceland actually has a temperate climate可知，冰岛气候温和，故选D项。
2.A 主旨大意题。根据第三段内容，特别是根据Iceland was settled in the late 800s and early 900s by Norsemen from theScandinavian country of Norway.Other settlers also came from Ireland and Scotland.From the 13th century to 1918，Iceland was part of the Norwegian and later Danish monarchies.可知，本段主要介绍的是冰岛的历史，故选A项。
3.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Today，only scientists who study the growth of new life can occasionally visit the volcanic island of Surtsey.可知，现在只有研究新生命的成长的科学家才会偶尔造访火山岛叙尔特塞，由此可推断，叙尔特塞岛上根本没有人类居住，故选B项。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了亚历山大·马尔琴科受著名系列电影《加勒比海盗》的影响，决心建造自己的“黑珍珠号”海盗船，并把它作为一所特殊的酒店来吸引顾客。
1.D细节理解题。根据第二段的Marchenko has travelled all over Russia，and believes that there is no other land more beautiful than his hometown.可知，马尔琴科曾在俄罗斯各地旅行，并相信没有比他的家乡更美丽的地方，即亚历山大·马尔琴科相信他的家乡比其他任何地方都美丽。故选D项。
2.A细节理解题。根据第三段的He had noticed the other restaurants and hotels in the area all looked the same way，so he tried to come up with something special that would attract visitors.可知，他注意到该地区的其他餐馆和酒店看起来都一样，所以他试图想出一些特别的方法来吸引游客。因此special（特别的）可以用来形容他的酒店。故选A项。
3.D词义猜测题。根据第四段的and the ship's “captain” plans to add all the tiniest details of the original Black Pearl可知，该船的“船长”计划添加原始“黑珍珠号”的所有最细微的细节。该分句中的the ship指的就是前一分句的vessel一词，即画线词vessel意为“船只”。故选D项。
4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段的Judging by the attention his ship is getting in its current state，he believes that upon completion，tourists will flock to see his wooden wonder.可知，由他的船目前所引起的关注来判断，他相信此船完工后，游客会蜂拥而至来看他的木制奇观，即马尔琴科对他的酒店在未来能够取得成功非常有信心。故选A项。
刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。河流在地球上起着重要的作用，我们无法想象没有河流，地球会是什么样子。本文主要介绍了尼罗河、亚马孙河和刚果河。
1.A本空为首段末句，文章开篇点题说Rivers，根据中间三段分别讲述最长、最大和最深的河流可知，本句引起下文，A项“其中一些河流值得一提”符合语境，故选A项。
2.D本段第三句讲尼罗河有白尼罗河和青尼罗河两个支流。第四句讲白尼罗河的发源地，第六句讲青尼罗河对人类的贡献，由此可判断设空处讲青尼罗河的发源地。故选D项。
3.G本段介绍亚马孙河，设空处后一句The main Amazon River flows mostly through Brazil and Peru but...讲了亚马孙河流经的地方，因此设空处应该描述它的发源地，故选G项。
4.B根据本段中多次出现的the Congo River可知，本段介绍刚果河。又因设空处后一句提到了它的深度，可知B项“刚果河是世界上最深的河流”符合语境。
5.F设空处前一句It's the second largest river in terms of water volume.介绍了从水量上来说，刚果河是世界第二大河；设空处后一句The Congo Basin is the catchment area of the Congo River.介绍了刚果盆地是刚果河的集水区域，故F项“它流经世界第二大雨林”与上下文衔接紧密，符合语境，都在介绍与刚果河有关的信息。
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一、刷阅读理解
A
体裁：说明文 题材：历史与地理 词数：328 难度：中 建议用时：6分钟
[浙江绍兴高级中学2020高二教学质量检测]
Iceland is a large island. In fact，it's the world's 18th largest island. Most of the population，however，lives in the southwestern part of the country，in or around the capital city of Reykjavik. By its very name，you'd expect Iceland to be mostly ice-covered. Looking at Iceland on a map，you'll notice it sits just outside the Arctic Circle. Despite its location and name，Iceland actually has a temperate climate，because it is warmed by the Gulf Stream. The Gulf Stream also helps keep Iceland's coastal ports ice-free through the winter.
There is plenty of ice on Iceland，though. The country consists of a large plateau（高原）that includes fields of sand，mountains and glaciers. Over 60%of Iceland is tundra（苔原）.About 14%of Iceland consists of lakes and glaciers. Only about 24% of the country has plants or vegetation of any kind，which covers a vast area in the south of the country.
Iceland was settled in the late 800s and early 900s by Norsemen from the Scandinavian country of Norway. Other settlers also came from Ireland and Scotland. From the 13th century to 1918，Iceland was part of the Norwegian and later Danish monarchies. For most of that time，the small Icelandic population depended upon fishing and farming to make a living.
For hundreds of years，Iceland was one of the poorest and least developed countries in the world. After World War Ⅱ，international aid and industrialisation of the fishing industry turned Iceland into one of the wealthiest countries in the world. In 1994，Iceland became part of the European Economic Area（欧洲经济区），which allowed its economy to grow even faster.
Iceland boasts one of the youngest islands in the world. Surtsey rose out of the ocean during a series of volcanic eruptions between 1963 and 1968.Today，only scientists who study the growth of new life can occasionally visit the volcanic island of Surtsey.
1. What can we know about Iceland according to the passage
A. It lies in the Arctic Circle.
B. Its capital city is very crowded.
C. Many people live in the east.
D. It has a fairly mild temperature.
2. What is mainly talked about in the third paragraph
A. Iceland's history.
B. Iceland's geography.
C. Iceland's population.
D. Iceland's politics.
3. What can we infer about Surtsey from the last paragraph
A. People there live on fishing.
B. No human beings live there at all.
C. There are many visitors.
D. Science is developing fast there.
B
D体裁：记叙文昌题材：人物故事词数：288以难度：中o建议用时：7分钟
[福建三明一中2021高二开学考试]After seeing the famous movie series Pirates of the Caribbean（《加勒比海盗》），Alexander Marchenko，a 38-year-old businessman from a small Russian village，decided to build his very own copy of the Black Pearl pirate ship.
Marchenko has travelled all over Russia，and believes that there is no other land more beautiful than his hometown. He decided to take advantage of the beautiful environment and build a hotel.
He had noticed the other restaurants and hotels in the area all looked the same way，so he tried to come up with something special that would attract visitors. He was wondering what kind of hotel he would build when the Black Pearl came into his mind. He then decided to build his own Black Pearl ship. Without any ship building experience，he went online and downloaded photos of famous ships to use as guides. And he started working on it immediately. It's been two years since he worked on his ship. Now, his own Black Pearl is starting to take shape on the Yenisei River.
The 21-metre-long vessel is made of wood produced locally，and the ship's “captain" plans to add all the tiniest details of the original Black Pearl. Right now，Marchenko is working on the interior decoration（内部装潢）.He spends most of his time in the workshop，making all the little designs by hand. So far，he has spent 3.5 million roubles.
Marchenko hopes to finish the work this summer. Judging by the attention his ship is getting in its current state，he believes that upon completion，tourists will flock to see his wooden wonder.
1.Which of the following does Alexander Marchenko believe？
A. His hometown is cleaner than any other village.
B. His small village will become a tourist attraction.
C. He can build the Black Pearl pirate ship with ease.
D. His hometown is more beautiful than any other land.
2. Which of the following words can be used to describe his hotel
A. Special.
B. Environmentally friendly.
C. Tiny.
D. Expensive.
3. What does the underlined word "vessel" in Paragraph 4 mean
A. Hotel.
B. Car.
C. Movie.
D. Ship.
4. What does Marchenko think of the future of his hotel
A. He is very confident of its success.
B. He is doubtful about its success.
C. He is worried about its success.
D. He is not certain of its future.
二、刷七选五
体裁：说明文 题材：历史与地理 词数：280 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
Rivers play an important role on Earth, and we can't imagine what the Earth would be like without rivers. 1
With a length of about 6,650 kilometres, the Nile is the longest river in the world. The Nile River has been the source of human civilisation since ancient times. The Nile has two main branches-the White Nile and the Blue Nile. The White Nile starts from the Great Lakes region of East and Central Africa through Lake Victoria. 2 The Blue Nile carries with it a lot of fertile soil which turns out to be very important to farming in Egypt.
The Amazon River is the world's largest river with a width of about 40 kilometres during the rainy season but about 10 kilometres wide when it is not flooded. The Amazon River has such a big water volume that it accounts for more than 20% of all the world's fresh water-far more than any other river. 3 The main Amazon River flows mostly through Brazil and Peru but its tributaries（支流）can also be found in many other countries.
4 It has a depth of about 220 metres. Its length is 4，700 kilometres. The sources of the Congo River are in the highlands and mountains in the East African Rift. It's the second largest river in terms of water volume. 5 The Congo Basin（刚果盆地）is the catchment area（集水区域）of the Congo River. It lies in both north and south of the equator，making its flow very stable as there are always some tributaries experiencing a rainy season at any time.
A. Some of them are worth mentioning.
B. The Congo River is the world's deepest river.
C. Do you know which is the deepest river in the world？
D. The Blue Nile originates from（发源于）Lake Tana in Ethiopia.
E. Without rivers，there would be no living things in and along them.
F. And it flows through the second largest rainforest in the world.
G. Streams that begin in the Andes Mountains are its sources.
答案解析
刷阅读理解
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了北欧国家——冰岛的地理位置、气候以及历史等信息。
1.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的Iceland actually has a temperate climate可知，冰岛气候温和，故选D项。
2.A 主旨大意题。根据第三段内容，特别是根据Iceland was settled in the late 800s and early 900s by Norsemen from theScandinavian country of Norway.Other settlers also came from Ireland and Scotland.From the 13th century to 1918，Iceland was part of the Norwegian and later Danish monarchies.可知，本段主要介绍的是冰岛的历史，故选A项。
3.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Today，only scientists who study the growth of new life can occasionally visit the volcanic island of Surtsey.可知，现在只有研究新生命的成长的科学家才会偶尔造访火山岛叙尔特塞，由此可推断，叙尔特塞岛上根本没有人类居住，故选B项。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了亚历山大·马尔琴科受著名系列电影《加勒比海盗》的影响，决心建造自己的“黑珍珠号”海盗船，并把它作为一所特殊的酒店来吸引顾客。
1.D细节理解题。根据第二段的Marchenko has travelled all over Russia，and believes that there is no other land more beautiful than his hometown.可知，马尔琴科曾在俄罗斯各地旅行，并相信没有比他的家乡更美丽的地方，即亚历山大·马尔琴科相信他的家乡比其他任何地方都美丽。故选D项。
2.A细节理解题。根据第三段的He had noticed the other restaurants and hotels in the area all looked the same way，so he tried to come up with something special that would attract visitors.可知，他注意到该地区的其他餐馆和酒店看起来都一样，所以他试图想出一些特别的方法来吸引游客。因此special（特别的）可以用来形容他的酒店。故选A项。
3.D词义猜测题。根据第四段的and the ship's “captain” plans to add all the tiniest details of the original Black Pearl可知，该船的“船长”计划添加原始“黑珍珠号”的所有最细微的细节。该分句中的the ship指的就是前一分句的vessel一词，即画线词vessel意为“船只”。故选D项。
4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段的Judging by the attention his ship is getting in its current state，he believes that upon completion，tourists will flock to see his wooden wonder.可知，由他的船目前所引起的关注来判断，他相信此船完工后，游客会蜂拥而至来看他的木制奇观，即马尔琴科对他的酒店在未来能够取得成功非常有信心。故选A项。
刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。河流在地球上起着重要的作用，我们无法想象没有河流，地球会是什么样子。本文主要介绍了尼罗河、亚马孙河和刚果河。
1.A本空为首段末句，文章开篇点题说Rivers，根据中间三段分别讲述最长、最大和最深的河流可知，本句引起下文，A项“其中一些河流值得一提”符合语境，故选A项。
2.D本段第三句讲尼罗河有白尼罗河和青尼罗河两个支流。第四句讲白尼罗河的发源地，第六句讲青尼罗河对人类的贡献，由此可判断设空处讲青尼罗河的发源地。故选D项。
3.G本段介绍亚马孙河，设空处后一句The main Amazon River flows mostly through Brazil and Peru but...讲了亚马孙河流经的地方，因此设空处应该描述它的发源地，故选G项。
4.B根据本段中多次出现的the Congo River可知，本段介绍刚果河。又因设空处后一句提到了它的深度，可知B项“刚果河是世界上最深的河流”符合语境。
5.F设空处前一句It's the second largest river in terms of water volume.介绍了从水量上来说，刚果河是世界第二大河；设空处后一句The Congo Basin is the catchment area of the Congo River.介绍了刚果盆地是刚果河的集水区域，故F项“它流经世界第二大雨林”与上下文衔接紧密，符合语境，都在介绍与刚果河有关的信息。
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