人教版(2019)选择性必修第三册 Unit+1 Art 单元重难点易错题精练(重点单词变形词组短语句型练习)(有答案)

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名称 人教版(2019)选择性必修第三册 Unit+1 Art 单元重难点易错题精练(重点单词变形词组短语句型练习)(有答案)
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Unit 1 Art
重点单词变形,词组,短语,句型练习
(知识点全覆盖)
重点单词变形
1.precise adj.准确的;精确的→ adv.准确地;精确地;的确如此
2.influential adj.有很大影响力的;有支配力的→ n.& vt.影响
3.investment n.投资额;投资;(时间、精力的)投入→ v.投资
4.memorial n.纪念碑(或像等);纪念物;纪念品 adj.纪念的;悼念的→ n.记忆力;记忆→memorize vt.记住
5.criticise vi.& vt.批评;指责;评价→ n.批评;指责;评论
→ n.批评家→ adj.批判的;关键的
6.representative adj.典型的;有代表性的 n.代表→ vt.代表;象征;描绘
7.exhibition n.展览;(技能、感情或行为的)表演→ v.展示;陈列;展览
8.recognition n.承认;认出;赞誉→ vt.辨认出;承认;公认
9.expansion n.扩张;扩展;扩大→ vt.扩展;扩大;(使)膨胀
重点词组
1.in particular
2.set apart from
3.be fond of
4.bring...to life
5.be worthy of
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1.Is there anything else________ particular that you’d like to share with us
2.The disease which was reported ________ (emerge) from Mozambique has spread along shipping routes around the coast of Africa.
3.They could do ________(precise) the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.
4.The small town has changed beyond all _________(recognize) since I was last here.
5.If I ______ (criticism) him bitterly, he might have corrected his mistake sooner.
6.Leonardo da Vinci was one of the most_________ (influence) painters during the Renaissance.
7.He had changed so much that you couldn’t ________him. As a matter of fact, illness and age changed him beyond ________.(recognize)
8.Smacks outside of mealtimes may ________ (purchase) by the student individually.
9.The future_________(expand)of the business calls for two new factories.
10.I woke up the next morning, thinking I would definitely________(criticise).
11.The_______( sculpt) were judged to be the best and of course they left a good impression on the tourists.
12.The ______ (exhibit) gives local artists an opportunity to display their work.
13.Our electric blankets are guaranteed __________ three years.
14.Our goods __________(guarantee). You may return any bad ones.
15.The prices of goods, _________ (purchase) from the Internet, can be lower than those from commercial stores.
16.His new novel received much unfavorable ________ (critical).
17.All this information can_________(convey) in a simple diagram.
18.His ultimate goal was ________ (participate)in the World Marathon and become the champion.
19.As a ________(represent) of resettled people, I support the construction of the project.
20.Seeing her mother’s tired look, the little girl helped her mother carry some________(purchase) from the shop.
21.That guy kills his time by playing PC games day and night. I wonder whether he could find anything worth ________ (do) at all.
22.What is the author's attitude________ the future of self-driving cars
23.The young man, who by then had gained________(admit)to a university, decided to do some part-time jobs to gain more practical experience.
24.His hard work resulted________ excellent grades in his exams last term.
25.I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired. I find________ hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I’m alive.
26.Yesterday I found a book in the bookstore by chance which was intended________ bird lovers.
27.I recognized her________ the red dress she wore.
28.I recognized him________ instant he came in.
29.Alice overslept this morning. As________ result, she was late for work.
30.I can’t concentrate________ my study with all that noise going on.
二、根据汉语意思填写单词
31.The accident has not done any ______(永久的) damage.
32.There have been many________(影响) explorers throughout history.
33.It seems that talent alone isn’t enough to ________(确保) success.
34.There is evidence that all the different iguanas have developed from more ________ (原始的) ones and share a common ancestor.
35.It is ________ of note (值得注意) that people’s sense of satisfaction is decreasing.
36.The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to________ (强调) the importance of learning English.
37.The sand ________ (雕刻家) are from China, the United States, Holland and Spain.
38.Nowadays, the use of facial ______ (识别) has been on the rise at some public places in big cities.
39.He said the government must introduce tax incentives to encourage________(投资).
40.A great many goods were sent to the _________(展览会) from various parts of the world.
41.As for crowds, a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurant’s_________(名声),suggesting great food at fair prices.
42.Scientists are claiming several major ________(突破) in the fight against cancer.
43.The man was praised for his courage and ________ (人道).
44.__________ (精确的) measurement is very important in science.
45.Jennifer is recently ____________(喜欢) of quoting the sayings of philosophers.
三、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Painting is just another way of keeping a diary,” said Spanish artist Pablo Picasso. Wu Liren has been maintaining such a “diary” of the Grand Canal____46____1978.
The 65-year-old painter from Hangzhou city, Zhejiang province, has been using ink and brush for more than 40 years____47____(record)the beauty of the arterial(干线的)waterway, the hospitality of local residents and the richness of culture____48____flows all the way.
Wu says memories and emotions run deep in his paintings, and these are far____49____ (important) than any technical perfection. “My art has always been about the Grand Canal. Sometimes I paint what I____50____ (see)in the past and sometimes I reproduce what I heard about people who lived by the canal,” he says.
Wu believes the Grand Canal is often compared with the West Lake, one of the most famous scenic____51____ (attraction)in Hangzhou. “The West Lake is seen as a beautiful treasure that needs to be cared for. But the Grand Canal is like our mother, who has watched us grow up, earn a living along her busy banks, leave her in search of a better future____52____return to her embrace later on,” he says.
Recently, Wu completed a 100-meter-long scroll(卷轴)painting of the canal’s Tangxi-Xixing stretch in Hangzhou. “I have actually painted the entire Grand Canal in Hangzhou, ____53____ (borrow) historical anecdotes from every dynasty,” Wu____54____ (proud)says. “The story of the canal needs to be told and the culture it represents must_____55_____ (pass)down.”
参考答案:
重点单词变形
1.precise adj.准确的;精确的→precisely adv.准确地;精确地;的确如此
2.influential adj.有很大影响力的;有支配力的→influence n.& vt.影响
3.investment n.投资额;投资;(时间、精力的)投入→invest v.投资
4.memorial n.纪念碑(或像等);纪念物;纪念品 adj.纪念的;悼念的→memory n.记忆力;记忆→memorize vt.记住
5.criticise vi.& vt.批评;指责;评价→criticism n.批评;指责;评论→critic n.批评家→critical adj.批判的;关键的
6.representative adj.典型的;有代表性的 n.代表→represent vt.代表;象征;描绘
7.exhibition n.展览;(技能、感情或行为的)表演→exhibit v.展示;陈列;展览
8.recognition n.承认;认出;赞誉→recognize vt.辨认出;承认;公认
9.expansion n.扩张;扩展;扩大→expand vt.扩展;扩大;(使)膨胀
重点词组
1.in particular尤其;特别
2.set apart from使与众不同;使突出;使优于……
3.be fond of喜爱;喜欢
4.bring...to life赋予……生命;使……鲜活起来
5.be worthy of值得
1.in
【详解】考查介词。句意:你还有什么特别想和我们分享的吗?短语in particular 表示“特别”。故填in。
2.to have emerged
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:据报道,这种来自莫桑比克的疾病已经沿着非洲海岸的航线传播。固定短语be reported to表示“据报道”,故空处需要用非谓语动词to do不定式的形式;结合句意,“疾病产生于莫桑比克”发生于谓语动词“报道”之前,故空处需要用到不定式的完成形式to have done。故填to have emerged。
3.precisely
【详解】考查副词。句意:他们可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面,如铁路轨道和转接点的正确位置。分析句子结构可知,此处应该填副词作状语。故填precisely。
4.recognition
【详解】考查名词。句意:自从我上次离开这里以来,这个小镇完全变了样子。根据空前介词beyond及all可知,空处应填名词recognition“认出,识别”,不可数名词,作介词宾语。故填recognition。
5.had criticized##had criticised
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我严厉地批评他,他可能会更快地改正错误。由might have corrected可知,句子是对过去情况的虚拟,if从句中用过去完成时,criticism的动词是criticize/criticise,因此空格处是had criticized/criticised,故填had criticized/criticised。
6.influential
【详解】考查形容词。句意:列奥纳多·达·芬奇是文艺复兴时期最有影响力的画家之一。空处需填形容词作定语修饰名词painters,influential意为“有影响力的”。故填influential。
7. recognize recognition
【详解】考查动词和名词。句意:他变了好多,你都认不出他来了。事实上,疾病和年龄使他变得面目全非。第一空couldn't后跟动词原形;第二空作介词的宾语,应用名词recognition。故填①recognize;②recognition。
8.be purchased
【详解】考查被动语态。句意:用餐时间外的零食可由学生自行购买。分析句子可知,“purchase”意为“购买”,“Smacks”和“purchase”为被动关系,“may”为情态动词,故句子应用情态动词的被动语态,谓语动词为“情态动词+be+动词过去分词”,“purchase”的过去分词为“purchased”,故空格处应填“be purchased”。故填be purchased。
9.expansion
【详解】考查名词。句意:未来业务的扩张需要两家新工厂。future在此处是形容词,修饰空处的名词,根据英文提示,应填expansion,表示“扩张”,是不可数名词,在句中作主语,故填expansion。
10.be criticised
【详解】考查时态语态。句意:第二天早上醒来,我觉得自己肯定会受到批评。主语I和动词criticise之间是被动关系,此处是过去将来时的被动语态,谓语要用would be done形式。故填be criticised。
11.sculptures
【详解】考查可数名词复数。句意:这些雕塑被认为是最好的,当然它们给游客留下了很好的印象。分析句子可知,空处为句子主语,应填名词,且要与谓语were保持主谓一致,所以应填可数名词复数形式sculptures,表示“雕塑”。故填sculptures。
12.exhibition
【详解】考查名词。句意:这个展览给了当地艺术家一个展示他们作品的机会。空前为冠词,空后为动词,所以空处应为名词exhibition作主语,由gives可知,为单数。故填exhibition。
13.for
【详解】考查介词。句意:我们的电热毯质保三年。句中guarantee为及物动词,意为“为(产品)提供保修;包换”,“guarantee sth for+一段时间”表示“为……提供……时间的质保”,故填for。
14.are guaranteed
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:我们的货物是有保证的。你可以退掉不好的。句子是描述一个事实,应用一般现在时,主语goods和动词guarantee之间是被动关系,故用一般现在时的被动语态,主语是名词复数,be动词用are。故填are guaranteed。
15.purchased
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:从互联网上购买的商品的价格低于从商店购买的商品的价格。句中已有谓语,此处是非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰名词goods,且goods和动词purchase二者之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语,故填purchased。
16.criticism
【详解】考查名词。句意:他的新小说得到了许多不利的评论。分析句子结构,空格前是形容词unfavorable,所以空格处要填名词,critical的名词是criticism,翻译为“(书籍或音乐等)评论”,作宾语,是不可数名词。故答案为criticism。
17.be conveyed
【详解】考查被动语态。句意:所有这些信息都可以用一个简单的图表来表达。谓语动词convey和主语之间是被动关系,故用其被动结构(be done)和can构成含情态动词的被动语态。故填be conveyed。
18.to participate
【详解】考查不定式。句意: 他的最终目标是参加世界马拉松比赛并成为冠军。本处是不定式作表语,表目的;根据英文提示,故填to participate。
19.representative
【详解】考查名词。句意:作为安置群众的代表,我支持该项目的建设。作宾语,表示“代表”应用representative,不定冠词提示用单数,故填representative。
20.purchases
【详解】考查名词。句意:看到妈妈疲惫的神色,小女孩帮着妈妈拿着从商店购买的东西。purchase“购买的东西”用复数形式表示泛指。故填purchases。
21.doing
【详解】考查动名词。句意:那家伙夜以继日地玩电脑游戏来消磨时间。我不知道他是否能找到任何值得做的事情。worth表示“值得”,后面接名词、代词以及动名词,接动名词时用主动表示被动;此处指的是“事情值得做”。故填doing。
22.to/towards
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:作者对自动驾驶汽车的未来持什么态度?。固定短语attitude to/towards表示“对……的态度”,其中名词attitude后搭配介词to或者towards。故填to/towards。
23.admission
【详解】考查名词。句意:这个年轻人当时已经被一所大学录取,他决定做一些兼职来获得更多的实践经验。名词admission意为“录取,准许加入”,在动词gained后作宾语,构成动宾结构。故填admission。
24.in
【详解】考查介词。句意:他的努力致使他在上学期的考试中取得了优异的成绩。resulted in 为固定短语,译为“导致 ……”,故填in。
25.it
【详解】考查代词it作形式宾语。句意:我一直在练习,即使我非常累。我发现很难停下来!跳舞让我想起我还活着。分析句子结构可知,it在该句中充当形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式to stop。故填it。
26.for
【详解】考查介词。句意:昨天我在书店偶然发现了一本专为爱鸟人士准备的书。be intended for意为“为……准备”,为固定搭配,所以此处应用介词for。故填for。
27.by
【详解】考查介词。句意:我通过她穿的红裙子认出了她。分析句子可知,此处考查固定短语recognize…by…,意为“通过……认出……”,因此此处应填介词by。故填by。
28.the
【详解】考查定冠词和固定短语。句意:他一进来我就认出了他。“I recognized him”和“he came in”可知,句子表示“他一进来我就认出了他”,the instant意为“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句,故填the。
29.a
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:爱丽丝今天早上睡过头了,结果上班迟到了。根据句意可知空处与前面的as和后面的result共同构成固定短语as a result,意为“结果”。故填a。
30.on
【详解】考查介词。句意:这么吵,我不能集中注意力于学习。句子使用动词短语concentrate on,意为“集中注意力于”。故填on。
31.permanent
【详解】考查形容词。句意:这次事故并没有造成任何永久性的损害。设空处修饰名词作定语,应用形容词permanent,表示“永久的”,故填permanent。
32.influential
【详解】考查形容词。句意:历史上有许多有影响力的探险家。根据汉语提示和空格后的名词explorers可知,应该用形容词修饰名词,所以此处用形容词influential作定语,表示“有影响力的”探险家,符合语境。
33.guarantee
【详解】考查动词原形。句意:似乎只有天赋并不足以保证成功。根据汉语意思提示可知,此处为动词guarantee“确保”,构成固定短语enough to do sth.“足够做某事”,满足句意要求。故填guarantee。
34.primitive
【详解】考查形容词。句意:有证据表明,所有不同的鬣蜥都是从更原始的鬣蜥进化而来,并有着共同的祖先。根据汉语提示,空处应用形容词primitive,表示“原始的”,与空前的more构成比较级形式,作定语修饰ones。故填primitive。
35.worthy
【详解】考查形容词。句意:值得注意的是,人们的满意度正在下降。根据汉语提示可知,应填形容词worthy,作表语。故填worthy。
36.stress##emphasize
【详解】考查动词。句意:作者写这篇文章的目的是强调学习英语的重要性。根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用动词stress/emphasize,空前为不定式符号,应用动词原形。故填stress/emphasize。
37.sculptors
【详解】考查名词。句意:沙雕师来自中国、美国、荷兰和西班牙。根据中文提示可知,表示“雕刻家”应用sculptor,为可数名词,再由系动词are可知,这里应用名词复数形式作主语。故填sculptors。
38.recognition
【详解】考查名词。句意:如今,在大城市的一些公共场所,面部识别的使用已呈上升趋势。分析句子结构可知,空格处应填名词在句子中作宾语;结合汉语提示可知,recognition意为“识别,辨认”,是不可数名词。故填recognition。
39.investment
【详解】考查名词。句意:他说政府必须引入税收优惠来鼓励投资。分析句子成分可知,空前为动词,所以空处应为名词作宾语。结合提示汉语,所以应为investment,且“投资”词义时为不可数名词。故填investment。
40.exhibition
【详解】考查名词。句意:许多货物从世界各地送到这个展览会。根据中文提示“展览会”以及前面的定冠词the,可知此处要填名词的单数形式作宾语表特指,即exhibition。故填exhibition。
41.reputation
【详解】考查名词。句意:至于人群,一个香港的研究发现他们提高了饭馆的名声,暗示了食物美味、价格公平。根据“a restaurant’s”可知,此处应填单数名词,作宾语。故填reputation。
42.breakthroughs
【详解】考查名词。句意:科学家声称在对抗癌症的斗争中取得了几项重大突破。根据汉语提示可知,breakthrough突破,是可数名词,由several可知应用复数形式。故填breakthroughs。
43.humanity
【详解】考查名词。句意:这个人因他的勇气和人道而受到称赞。句子分析可知此空与前文的 courage由and连接,作介词for的宾语。名词humanity意为“人道,仁慈”符合句意,且humanity为不可数名词,所以此空填humanity。故填humanity。
44.Accurate##Precise
【详解】考查形容词。句意:精确的测量在科学中非常重要。根据汉语提示“精确的”可知,空格处涉及单词“accurate/precise”,意为“精确的”,形容词词性,作定语,句首单词首字母大写。故填Accurate/Precise。
45.fond
【详解】考查形容词。句意:詹妮弗最近喜欢引用哲学家的话。表示“喜欢做……”应用be fond of doing sth.,故填fond。
46.since 47.to record 48.that##which 49.more important 50.saw 51.attractions 52.and 53.borrowing 54.proudly 55.be passed
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。杭州的一位画家吴理人用绘画的方式捕捉大运河的美丽并记录了与其相关的历史故事。
46.考查介词。句意:吴立仁从1978年起就一直保持着这样一本大运河的“日记”。因为主句的时态是现在完成进行时,所以此处用“since+过去的一个时间点”作时间状语。故填since。
47.考查非谓语动词。句意:这位来自浙江省杭州市的65岁画家,40多年来一直在用笔墨记录干线水道的美丽、当地居民的热情好客以及沿途文化的丰富。use sth to do sth意为“用某物做某事”,为固定用法。此处的动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to record。
48.考查定语从句。句意:这位来自浙江省杭州市的65岁画家,40多年来一直在用笔墨记录干线水道的美丽、当地居民的热情好客以及沿途文化的丰富。分析句子结构可知,该空引导的是一个定语从句,从句缺少主语,先行词是culture,所以此处用关系代词 that或 which。故填that/which。
49.考查形容词的比较级。句意:吴说,记忆和情感在他的画中根深蒂固,这些远比任何技术上的完美都重要。根据空前的修饰词 far及空后的介词 than可知,此处用所给形容词的比较级形式。故填more important。
50.考查时态。句意:“我的艺术一直与大运河有关。有时我画我过去看到的,有时我复制我听到的关于住在运河边的人的故事,”他说。根据时间状语in the past及句意可知,此处用所给动词的过去式。故填saw。
51.考查名词的数。句意:吴先生认为,人们经常将大运河与杭州最著名的景点之一西湖相提并论。attraction此处意为“游览胜地”,为可数名词,又因为空前有 one of the most famous 修饰,所以此处用所给名词的复数形式。故填attractions。
52.考查连词。句意:“西湖被视为一个美丽的宝藏,需要被照顾。但大运河就像我们的母亲,她看着我们长大,在繁忙的两岸谋生,离开她去寻找更好的未来,后来又回到她的怀抱,”他说。根据句意可知,此处的动词短语为语义上顺承的并列关系,所以此处用并列连词 and。故填and。
53.考查非谓语动词。句意:“我实际上画了整个杭州大运河,借用了每个朝代的历史轶事,”吴京自豪地说。分析句子成分可知,此处用非谓语动词。动词 borrow与其逻辑主语I存在逻辑上的主谓关系,所以此处用所给动词的现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。
54.考查副词。句意:“我实际上画了整个杭州大运河,借用了每个朝代的历史轶事,”吴京自豪地说。此处用副词形式修饰谓语动词says。故填proudly。
55.考查被动语态。句意:运河的故事需要被讲述,它所代表的文化必须被传承下去。根据句意可知,动词短语pass down与主语the culture存在动宾关系,所以此处用被动语态,又因为空前有情态动词must,故此处用be passed。故填be passed。