人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册 Unit4 Sharing 单元限时作业（含解析）

Unit4 单元限时作业
一、刷阅读理解
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明 词数：295 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
As reported in JAMA Surgery，the researchers discovered that e-scooter（电动摩托车）injury rates had increased dramatically in just four years，rising from 6 per 100，000 in the population to 19 per100，
000.Of the estimated 14，651 e-scooter-related injuries in 2018，4，658，or 32%，involved the head. “While most people recover from head injuries，there is going to be a subset with long-term disability and life changes，”said Dr Benjamin Breyer.
Dr Benjamin Breyer of the University of California，Los Angeles，pointed to a 2019 analysis of the data from two hospitals in Southern California，which found just 4.8%of injured e-scooter riders were wearing helmets.
Dr Joann Elmore，a professor of medicine at the University of California，Los Angeles，believed that most e-scooter users are probably unaware of the risks.
To make the point，she described a photo taken by a colleague. "There were two riders on an e-scooter，"she said. "No one had shoes on. There were no helmets. And the woman in front had a baby in a baby carrier.”
The new report highlights the need for more research on new technologies，said Dr Guohua Li，a professor of epidemiology（流行病学）.
“Just as there is a global network of experts working on infectious diseases，there needs to be a similar programme devoted to the surveillance（监视）and prevention of injuries caused by merging technologies，products and lifestyles，such as e-scooters，e-sports, etc,"Li said in an e-mail.
"The challenge for researchers and policymakers is to keep up with the ever-changing society and protect the public from unnecessary harm caused by new technologies and products without hindering innovation,"he added.
1. What can we know from the passage
A.E-scooter injury rates had increased due to speeding.
B.32% of injured e-scooter riders weren't wearing helmets.
C. There is a programme devoted to the prevention of injuries caused by advanced technologies.
D. Protection and innovation are of equal importance.
2. What can we infer from Dr Joann Elmore's comments
A. She is an anti-scooter.
B. The woman in front was pregnant.
C. She is concerned about the e-scooter users.
D. Most e-scooter riders often drive at high speed.
3. What does the underlined word "hindering" probably mean in the last paragraph
A. Preventing.
B. Limiting.
C. Developing.
D. Forcing.
4. What's the author's main purpose of writing the passage
A. To arouse people's awareness of the risks and self-protection.
B. To introduce a new way of transport-e-scooters.
C. To ask people not to ride e-scooters any more.
D. To urge policymakers to make laws as soon as possible.
二、刷七选五
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明 词数：218 难度：中 建议用时：6分钟
[浙江精诚联盟2021高二月考]Being a good team player is an essential skill，especially at work and school. Then how to be a good team player？
Show you're reliable by doing everything you say you will. Your actions will reflect on everyone in your group，so do your best to always follow through.1
Make sure you do an equal share of the work. No one likes a teammate who barely contributes to the project.2 Not only will your group mates appreciate your work ethic（职业道德），but also it will show your supervisor（主管人）or instructor that you're a good team player.
3 Always say what you mean, but use a loyal tone. Similarly, don't waste people's time by hiding the truth or being indirect about how you really feel.
Speak up when you have ideas.4 Sharing your thoughts shows that you have more to offer and are thinking outside the box. Even if your ideas aren't right for the project, they might lead to future improvements on a different project.
5 This is another way to show that you're a good team member. Step up to lead a project, knock out an unfinished task, or complete a side project.
Then, complete the extra work as quickly as possible.
A. So take on an equal part of the work.
B. Volunteer to take on extra work, when necessary.
C. Adopt a positive attitude when it comes to your work.
D. Be direct and honest when you communicate with others.
E. Moreover, complete your task and always keep your promises to the group.
F. This shows leadership skills, while also making you a valuable part of the team.
G. If someone really doesn't help the team, talk to her or him about team expectations.
三、刷完形填空
体裁：记叙文 题材：人物故事 词数：302 难度：中 建议用时：16分钟
[安徽合肥2020高三一模·改编]When our girls are brave，they are free to explore in their learning and in life. That exploration leads to the 1 of their talents，passions and weaknesses. On Saturday night we saw one of our students act so bravely that it took my 2 away.
One of the lead characters of our show，Blue Stockings，was played by a science teacher，Ben Walker.3，Ben broke his nose very badly playing football on Saturday and consequently couldn't perform. Ella Jones，an eleventh-grade student and part of the cast，who 4 to rest on Saturday，was 5 to play Ben's role.
Think about that. She had three hours' notice，playing a role of a 6 she had never played before，in front of a paying audience，and if she couldn't 7，she would reduce the impact of the whole play. Not the end of the world，but it would be 8 for all concerned.
I would have 9，but Ella rose to the 10.She said，“I was astonished；11，I figured the show must go on and I wanted to 12.I wasn't scared until I arrived at the theatre and realised how much there was to 13.It wasn't just about lines，but it was the stagecraft（舞台表演技巧）.”
Asked how the show 14，Ella said，“It was amazing，and the audience seemed to love the male character I played for the first time." She added，“Just because you're scared doesn't mean you can't be 15.Anyway，I made it."
1. A. discovery B. change C. growth D. control
2. A. pain B. breath C. faith D. concern
3. A. Secretly B. Hopefully C. Unsurprisingly D. Unfortunately
4. A. refused B. decided C. happened D. promised
5. A. asked B. forced C. trained D. reminded
6. A. director B. woman C. man D. teacher
7. A. take it away B. look it up C. make it out D. carry it off
8. A. encouraging B. disappointing C. rewarding D. amusing
9. A. run B. agreed C. shared D. failed
10. A. power B. challenge C. danger D. threat
11. A. besides B. therefore C. however D. instead
12. A. win B. quit C. resist D. help
13. A. put away B. hand in C. work out D. take over
14. A. sounded B. improved C. started D. went
15. A. brave B. proud C. calm D. shy
四、刷语法填空
体裁：说明文 题材：节日起源 词数：230 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
[福建厦门外国语学校2021高三期末]The day after Christmas，December 26，is called Boxing Day in the UK. It's when we get another day off before heading back to work. There're more reasons though.
Boxing Day is a National Bank Holiday，a chance to eat your leftovers 1 watch TV. The actual traditions go back much further and are steeped in history.
There are plenty of 2（theory）behind the name so we've broken them down. The 3（early）mention was in the 1830s when “Christmas Box" was the name for a Christmas present. It also relates to giving money to the poor. Traditionally there 4（be）a box to collect money for the poor placed in churches on Christmas day and 5（open）the next day-Boxing Day，aka St. Stephen's Day.
The Victorians were the ones 6 made Boxing Day a Bank Holiday in 1871.Around the same time the tradition of giving servants time off 7（visit）the family was growing. Boxing Day was 8（traditional）a day off for servants，and their master would give them a box to take with them. It was used to hold gifts，a bonus and sometimes leftovers.
Sailing ships when setting sail 9（have）a sealed box containing money on board for good luck. If the voyage succeed，10 box was given to a priest，opened at Christmas and then the contents were given to the poor.
1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________
五、刷应用文写作
难度：中 建议用时：20分钟
[浙江宁波北仑中学2020高二期中]假定你是李华，你校交换生David有意加入学校阳光志愿者俱乐部（Sunshine Club），向你咨询相关情况，请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1.表示支持；
2.介绍主要志愿活动；
3.说明申请方式。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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答案解析
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项调查结果——近几年来，驾驶电动摩托车导致的受伤率急剧上升。专家称，这项新的调查结果强调了需要对新技术进行更多的研究，既要保护公众不受到来自新技术和新产品的危害，又要避免阻碍技术创新。
1.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 protect the public from unnecessary harm caused by new technologies and products without hindering innovation可知，专家认为应在不妨碍创新的情况下保护公众免受新技术和新产品造成的不必要伤害，由此可知，保护和创新同等重要。故选D项。
2.C推理判断题。根据第三段中的most e-scooter users are probably unaware of the risks可知，琼·埃尔莫尔博士认为大多数电动摩托车骑手很可能没有意识到危险。接下来为了说明这一点，她对一张照片进行了描述。结合描述的内容可推知，她很担心电动摩托车骑手，故选C项。
3.B词义猜测题。根据上文提到的要建立监管和预防伤害的项目以及最后一段的内容可知，此处说的是研究者和政策制定者所面临的挑战是紧跟瞬息万变的社会，保护大众免受新科技、新产品造成的不必要伤害的同时又不妨碍科技创新，hinder 侧重指 to make it difficult for sb to do sth，即“阻碍做某事”，此处说的是阻碍（制约）创新，而不是阻止创新，故排除A项。画线词hindering与limiting的意思相近。故选B项。
4.A推理判断题。根据第一段中的Of the estimated 14，651 e-scooter-related injuries in 2018，4，658，or 32%，involved the head. "While most people recover from head injuries，there is going to be a subset with long-term disability and life changes，”可知，2018年与电动摩托车有关的受伤事故中，有32%的事故涉及头部受伤，大部分伤员即使从头部伤害中恢复过来，也将处于长期失能状态，他们的生活也会发生改变，故作者写这篇文章旨在唤起人们的危险意识和自我保护意识。故选A项。
刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。良好的团队合作精神是一项基本技能，尤其是在工作和学习中。文章针对如何成为一个好的团队协作者提供了建议。
1.E根据前文Show you're reliable by doing everything you say you will.可知，此处是指信守诺言，说到做到，所以选项E（此外，完成你的任务，总是遵守你对团队的承诺。）切合文意。故选E项。
2.A根据前文Make sure you do an equal share of the work.可知，此处是指要平等分担一份工作，所以选项A（所以你要承担同等份量的工作。）切合文意。故选A项。
3.D根据后文Similarly，don't waste people's time by hiding the truth or being indirect about how you really feel.可知，此处是指交流时要直接且诚实，所以选项D（当你与他人交流时，要坦率和诚实。）切合文意。故选D项。
4.F根据前文Speak up when you have ideas.可知，选项F中的This是指有想法就大胆说出来，这样会展示你的领导能力，也会使你显得对团队有价值，所以选项F（这显示了你的领导能力，同时也让你成为团队中有价值的一部分。）切合文意。故选F项。
5.B根据后文Then，complete the extra work as quickly as possible.可知，此处是指完成额外的工作，所以选项B（必要时，自愿承担额外的工作。）切合文意。故选B项。
刷完形填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是因为科学老师本受伤不能参加表演，女学生埃拉临时代替本扮演一个男性角色，尽管这件事有难度，但埃拉最终取得成功的故事。
1.A根据That exploration leads to 和of their talents，passions and weaknesses可知，此处指那种探索带来对她们的才能、激情和缺点的“发现”。故选A项。
2.B根据语境可知，在星期六晚上，作者看到一个学生表现得如此勇敢，这使他大吃一惊。take one's breath away意为“令某人惊叹”。故选B项。
3.D根据空后的Ben broke his nose very badly playing football on Saturday and consequently couldn't perform可知，本的鼻子受伤，因此他不能参加表演了，所以此处指“不幸地”。故选D项。
4.C根据语境可知，埃拉·琼斯是一名11年级的学生，碰巧周六休息，她被要求扮演本的角色。此处指“碰巧”休息。故选C项。
5.A根据语境可知，埃拉·琼斯被要求扮演本的角色。故选A项。
6.C根据最后一段中的Ella said，“It was amazing，and the audience seemed to love the male character I played for the first time.”可知，埃拉扮演的角色是一个男人。故选C项。
7.D根据语境可知，因为她是临时救场的演员，如果不能成功地演完，就会影响整部戏。take away意为“拿走”；look up意为“查找”；make out意为“明白；理解”；carry off意为“成功地完成”。故选D项。
8.B根据本句中的Not the end of the world，but可知，此处but表示转折，指对所有相关的人来说是“令人失望的”。故选B项。
9.A根据空后的but Ella rose to the可知，此处是说，如果是作者的话，他会逃避，但是埃拉却接受了挑战。故选A项。
10.B根据下文可知，埃拉扮演了一位男士，所以此处是指她接受了挑战。故选B项。
11.C根据语境可知，埃拉最初感到惊讶，然而想到演出必须得继续，她想帮这个忙。前后是转折关系，所以应用however。故选C项。
12.D根据语境可知，此处是说，埃拉最初感到惊讶，然而想到演出必须得继续，她想帮这个忙。故选D项。
13.C根据空后的It wasn't just about lines，but it was the stagecraft.可知，埃拉感到害怕是因为有太多的问题要解决。put away意为“把……收起；存（钱）”；hand in意为“上交；提交；呈送”；work out 意为“解决；处理；算出；制订出”；take over意为“接管；接替”。故选C项。
14.D根据语境可知，此处是问埃拉演出进行得怎么样。故选D项。
15.A根据第一段中的On Saturday night we saw one of our students act so bravely that it took my away.可知，此处是说仅仅是感到害怕这一点并不意味着你不勇敢。故选A项。
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国节礼日的起源。
1.and 句意为：节礼日是（英国）国家法定假日，在这一天你有机会吃剩余食物和看电视。此处表示并列关系，故填and。
2.theories句意为：这个名字的背后有很多理论，所以我们把这些理论分成若干部分。plenty of修饰可数名词复数，故填theories。
3.earliest句意为：最早提到这个名字是在19世纪30年代，那时“圣诞盒”是圣诞礼物的名字。根据语境和前面的定冠词The可知，此处应用形容词最高级，故填earliest。
4.was句意为：传统上，在圣诞节那天教堂里会放一个为穷人募捐的盒子，在次日，即节礼日（又叫圣史蒂芬节）打开。此处讲述节礼日的来源，应用一般过去时，主语a box为单数，谓语应用单数形式。故填was。
5.opened 句意见上一题解析。placed in..…和the next day共同修饰a box，设空处应用非谓语形式，a box与open之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填opened。
6.who/that 句意为：维多利亚时代的人在1871年将节礼日定为法定假日。先行词是the ones，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，可用关系代词who/that。故填 who/that。
7.to visit 句意为：大约在同一时期，给仆人放假探亲的传统逐渐形成。此处表示目的，用不定式作目的状语，故填to visit。
8.traditionally 句意为：节礼日在传统上是仆人们的休息日……此处作状语，应该用副词形式，故填traditionally。
9.would have 句意为：帆船起航时，船上总会有一个密封的盒子，里面装着钱，以祈求好运。此处表示过去经常性、习惯性的动作，故填would have。
10.the句意为：如果这次航行成功，这个盒子就会被送给牧师，在圣诞节时打开，里面的东西就会被送给穷人。此处特指前面提到的a sealed box，故填the。
刷应用文写作
【写作提示】
1.写作要点：（1）回信表示支持；（2）活动介绍；（3）申请方式。
2.提分词句：worthwhile；be engaged in；be committed to；environmental protection；attached；regard it worthwhile to do sth；raise one's awareness of；Once引导的条件状语从句。
【参考范文】
Dear David,
Glad to know your desire to be a volunteer of the Sunshine Club. As a member,I do regard it worthwhile to be engaged in volunteering and I'm writing to give you my full support.
As for major activities, regularly, we are committed to raising funds and donations for those in need. Sometimes we hold events in the local community to raise people's awareness of environmental protection.
Once you have decided, please fill in the application form attached and send it to me. Looking forward to your participation.
Yours,
Li Hua
10 / 10