人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册 Unit4 Sharing 拓展阅读专项训练（一）（含解析）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册 Unit4 Sharing 拓展阅读专项训练（一）（含解析） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-03-15 11:52:34 | ||
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Unit4 拓展阅读专项训练（一）
一、阅读理解
A
体裁：记叙文 题材：人物故事 词数：351 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
[黑龙江大庆铁人中学2021高二月考]Next week，Pushpa Nagaraj will appear for her 720th exam. But she won't be taking the exam for herself. Since 2007，she has helped hundreds of visually challenged students take exams by acting as their scribe（抄写员），reading them the questions and then writing down the answers they give.
When Ms Nagaraj was growing up in Bangalore，the IT capital of India，her father lost his job after a back injury. The family suddenly found itself struggling. She thought she'd have to drop out of school. Luckily，her mother managed to raise enough money to educate her through high school. Today，she's a project coordinator for an IT firm.
One day，as she was helping a few visually damaged children cross the road，it struck her how difficult even everyday tasks could be for them，let alone finishing their education. Ms Nagaraj wanted to help those children.
In India，most children with sight challenges do not have access to specialised schooling. Even for those who attend mainstream classes, timed exams-key for Indian educational institutions, where scores are especially important-present additional difficulties. "Many of them balk at the thought of writing exams and drop out," says Ms Sundararaman, a local education expert. "And so, their education comes to a sudden stop, midway." Having a scribe can be the difference between passing and failing.
Over the past 12 years, word about Ms Nagaraj's work has spread-so much that she now gets requests from people from all over India. She has also set up a network of volunteers that posts requests through a WhatsApp group.
Ms Nagaraj is keenly aware of ongoing challenges, the chief of which is that, every once in a while, she has to refuse requests from students to give them the answers during exams. Another challenge is to expand the circle of scribes. Despite these, she is very grateful for having the opportunity to help others. "I have no complaints. Actually, I feel very blessed," she says.
1. What do we know about Ms Nagaraj from Paragraph 2
A. She suffered from a back injury.
B. She struggled to finish her high school.
C. She raised enough money from an IT firm.
D. She had to work to help support her family.
2. What does the underlined word "balk" in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Become hesitant.
B. Feel unsatisfied.
C. Are hopeful.
D. Are surprised.
3. What challenge does Ms Nagaraj have to overcome
A. The limited number of scribes.
B. The large quantity of exams to take.
C. The request to repeat questions in the exam.
D. The building of a network of volunteers.
4. What's the text mainly about
A. An Indian woman breaking the record in taking exams.
B. The importance of setting up an organisation for scribes.
C. The problems of students dropping out of school in India.
D. An Indian woman helping disabled children by being a scribe.
B
体裁：说明文 题材：体育锻炼 词数：302 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
[辽宁朝阳2021高二月考]Girls should take part in competitive sports to build confidence. Helen Fraser，former director of the Girls' Day School Trust（GDST），told the group that sport Ocan help girls cope with failure.
“All girls and not just the sporty ones should take physical exercise，”said Ms Fraser. The research finding that girls are far less active than boys is worrying. Ms Fraser told the group that she backed “sport for all".
“That's why I love it when our schools have A，B，C and D teams and beyond，"she said.
The GDST draws on research from the Women's Sport and Fitness Foundation which suggests only a quarter of girls in England meet basic levels（水平）of activity each week. One in five girls does no activity at all，twice the proportion（比例）of boys，the research suggests.
Ms Fraser said other research suggested that more than 80%of women business leaders played sport while growing up. She used the examples of former US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice，once a skater and tennis player，while former Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund，Christine Lagarde，was in the French national swimming team. Ms Fraser said Olympic medallists like Jessica Ennis. Hill，Katherine Grainger and Nicola Adams were excellent role models for young women but said women's sport needed more money and more news reports.
Valerie Dunsford，former head of Sheffield High School，part of GDST，said it was important to offer a large number of sports to attract different types of girls.
“Not everyone wants to be out playing hockey（曲棍球），”said Ms Dunsford.
1. Which of the following ideas would Ms Fraser agree with
A. Those taking part in sport are always failures.
B. More should be done to make girls do sport.
C. Girls are less confident than boys.
D. Boys are born to be sport lovers.
2. What's the proportion of boys who never take exercise
A.1/10.
B.1/4.
C.1/5.
D.2/5.
3. Ms Fraser mentions those famous women to show_________.
A. hard work will pay off
B. it's not easy to be great
C. sport can help girls to succeed
D. it's necessary to balance work and sport
4. What's the purpose of the text
A. To explain the key to success.
B. To show the importance of sport.
C. To introduce more games to girls.
D. To encourage more girls to do sport.
二、七选五
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明 词数：264 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[河北保定2020高三一模]When we meet the homeless，most of us might avoid eye contact and walk a little faster.1 What's his or her story？How long have they lived on the streets？Maybe you even wanted to help，but didn't know how to start a conversation. Then the following might help you.
2 Is there another way I can help？
This is an especially good thing to say if you're uncomfortable with handing over cash or don't have any to offer. Undoubtedly，money is something that a homeless person needs，but often there is a specific thing that can quickly help that person out of a terrible situation.
Did you catch the game？
3 Talking about sports is a good idea. While there is a game，bring it up like talking about the weather-sports is a topic of conversation that you don't have to be of a certain class to experience.
Good morning.
Say “hi” or “hello” or try to acknowledge the person in some way.4 Regardless of what your greeting may be, it's important to look the person in the eye when speaking. According to the homeless, one of the many difficult things about being homeless is that they feel less respected.
How are you doing Would you like to talk
These questions are great because they're open-ended. Don't be surprised if people are not interested in chatting, though. You're getting into their personal lives.5 If, however, the person is open to talking, this can lead to a real conversation-and maybe even provide a way for you to offer help.
A.I don't have any money.
B. It's good to hear kindness.
C. But you might also think about the situation.
D. Maybe they don't want to discuss that with a stranger.
E. Athletic events are often shown on televisions on the streets.
F. The non-homeless person almost never looks the homeless in the eye.
G. Offering a wish of good will can be a powerful thing to the homeless.
参考答案：
刷阅读理解
A
【语篇导读】本文为一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位名叫纳加拉杰的印度女士致力于做志愿抄写员，帮助盲人学生在考场上读题和记录答案，使他们得以继续接受教育的故事。
1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中She thought she'd have to drop out of school. Luckily，her mother managed to raise enough money to educate her through high school.可知，纳加拉杰艰难地完成了高中学业，故选B项。
2.A词义猜测题。根据画线词上文In India，most children with sight challenges do not have access to specialised schooling. Even for those who attend mainstream classes，timed exams-key for Indian educational institutions，where scores are especially important-present additional difficulties.以及后文And so，their education comes to a sudden stop，midway.可知，对盲人学生来说，考试中如果没有抄写员的帮助是很难完成考试的，尤其在印度的教育机构很重视考试分数的情况下，因此他们一想到要参加笔试就会变得很犹豫，进而辍学。故画线词意为“变得犹豫”。故选A项。
3.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Another challenge is to expand the circle of scribes.可推知，纳加拉杰女士必须克服的挑战是抄写员的数量有限。故选A项。
4.D主旨大意题。根据第一段Next week，Pushpa Nagaraj will appear for her 720th exam. But she won't be taking the exam for herself...and then writing down the answers they give.并结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了印度的纳加拉杰女士致力于做志愿抄写员，帮助盲人学生在考场上读题和记录答案，使他们得以继续接受教育的故事。由此可知，D项（一位印度女士当抄写员来帮助残疾儿童）最能概括本文主旨。故选D项。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了女性参加体育锻炼的好处，以鼓励女孩们多参加体育锻炼。
1.B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“All girls and not just the sporty ones should take physical exercise，”said Ms Fraser.和第四段中的Ms Fraser said Olympic medallists like Jessica Ennis-Hill，Katherine Grainger and Nicola Adams were excellent role models for young women but said women's sport needed more money and more news reports.可知，弗拉泽女士认为所有女孩都应该参加体育锻炼，但是女性运动需要更多的钱和更多的新闻报道。由此可推知，B项（应该做更多的事情来让女孩运动）最符合弗拉泽女士的观点，故选B项。
2.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的One in five girls does no activity at all，twice the proportion of boys，the research suggests.可知，五分之一的女孩根本不参加任何体育锻炼，是男孩比例的两倍。由此可知，不参加体育锻炼的男孩的比例是十分之一，故选A项。
3.C推理判断题。根据第四段中的Ms Fraser said other research suggested that more than 80%of women business leaders played sport while growing up.可知，研究表明，80%以上的女性商业领袖在成长过程中都从事体育运动。下文就是具体例子，由此可推知，弗拉泽女士提到那些著名女性的目的是说明运动能够帮助女性成功，故选C项。
4.D推理判断题。文章介绍了女性参加体育锻炼的好处和运动帮助许多女性成功的例子，由此可推知，本文的目的是鼓励女孩们多参加体育锻炼。故选D项。
刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章为读者提供了几条与无家可归者展开对话的方法。
1.C设空处后面的两个问句“他/她的故事是怎样的？他们在街上生活多长时间了？”描述了我们见到无家可归者时心里的疑惑，C项“但是你可能也会考虑（他们的）处境”符合语境。C项中的you might also think about the situation与上一句中的most of us might avoid eye contact and walk a little faster构成鲜明的对比。故选C项。
2.A根据空后的Is there another way I can help？可知，前面句子涉及一种帮助方式；再根据下面段落中第一句话 This is an especially good thing to say if you're uncomfortable with handing over cash or don't have any to offer.可知，本段是关于如果你觉得给无家可归者钱不合适或者身上没钱的情况下该如何做的建议。由此可推断出，A项“我没有钱”符合语境。
3.E根据设空处下一句Talking about sports is a good idea.可知，本段是建议与无家可归者谈论体育赛事。由此可知，E项“体育赛事经常在街头的电视上播放”符合语境。
4.B根据设空处上句Say “hi” or “hello” or try to acknowledge the person in some way.及本段最后一句中的 one of the many difficult things about being homeless is that they feel less respected可推断出，无家可归者缺乏认可和尊重，B项中hear kindness与之呼应，故选B项。
5.D根据设空处上两句Don't be surprised if people are not interested in chatting，though. You're getting into their personal lives.可知，此处是说无家可归者有可能不愿意与陌生人讨论自己的私事。故选D项。
5 / 7
一、阅读理解
A
体裁：记叙文 题材：人物故事 词数：351 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
[黑龙江大庆铁人中学2021高二月考]Next week，Pushpa Nagaraj will appear for her 720th exam. But she won't be taking the exam for herself. Since 2007，she has helped hundreds of visually challenged students take exams by acting as their scribe（抄写员），reading them the questions and then writing down the answers they give.
When Ms Nagaraj was growing up in Bangalore，the IT capital of India，her father lost his job after a back injury. The family suddenly found itself struggling. She thought she'd have to drop out of school. Luckily，her mother managed to raise enough money to educate her through high school. Today，she's a project coordinator for an IT firm.
One day，as she was helping a few visually damaged children cross the road，it struck her how difficult even everyday tasks could be for them，let alone finishing their education. Ms Nagaraj wanted to help those children.
In India，most children with sight challenges do not have access to specialised schooling. Even for those who attend mainstream classes, timed exams-key for Indian educational institutions, where scores are especially important-present additional difficulties. "Many of them balk at the thought of writing exams and drop out," says Ms Sundararaman, a local education expert. "And so, their education comes to a sudden stop, midway." Having a scribe can be the difference between passing and failing.
Over the past 12 years, word about Ms Nagaraj's work has spread-so much that she now gets requests from people from all over India. She has also set up a network of volunteers that posts requests through a WhatsApp group.
Ms Nagaraj is keenly aware of ongoing challenges, the chief of which is that, every once in a while, she has to refuse requests from students to give them the answers during exams. Another challenge is to expand the circle of scribes. Despite these, she is very grateful for having the opportunity to help others. "I have no complaints. Actually, I feel very blessed," she says.
1. What do we know about Ms Nagaraj from Paragraph 2
A. She suffered from a back injury.
B. She struggled to finish her high school.
C. She raised enough money from an IT firm.
D. She had to work to help support her family.
2. What does the underlined word "balk" in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Become hesitant.
B. Feel unsatisfied.
C. Are hopeful.
D. Are surprised.
3. What challenge does Ms Nagaraj have to overcome
A. The limited number of scribes.
B. The large quantity of exams to take.
C. The request to repeat questions in the exam.
D. The building of a network of volunteers.
4. What's the text mainly about
A. An Indian woman breaking the record in taking exams.
B. The importance of setting up an organisation for scribes.
C. The problems of students dropping out of school in India.
D. An Indian woman helping disabled children by being a scribe.
B
体裁：说明文 题材：体育锻炼 词数：302 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
[辽宁朝阳2021高二月考]Girls should take part in competitive sports to build confidence. Helen Fraser，former director of the Girls' Day School Trust（GDST），told the group that sport Ocan help girls cope with failure.
“All girls and not just the sporty ones should take physical exercise，”said Ms Fraser. The research finding that girls are far less active than boys is worrying. Ms Fraser told the group that she backed “sport for all".
“That's why I love it when our schools have A，B，C and D teams and beyond，"she said.
The GDST draws on research from the Women's Sport and Fitness Foundation which suggests only a quarter of girls in England meet basic levels（水平）of activity each week. One in five girls does no activity at all，twice the proportion（比例）of boys，the research suggests.
Ms Fraser said other research suggested that more than 80%of women business leaders played sport while growing up. She used the examples of former US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice，once a skater and tennis player，while former Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund，Christine Lagarde，was in the French national swimming team. Ms Fraser said Olympic medallists like Jessica Ennis. Hill，Katherine Grainger and Nicola Adams were excellent role models for young women but said women's sport needed more money and more news reports.
Valerie Dunsford，former head of Sheffield High School，part of GDST，said it was important to offer a large number of sports to attract different types of girls.
“Not everyone wants to be out playing hockey（曲棍球），”said Ms Dunsford.
1. Which of the following ideas would Ms Fraser agree with
A. Those taking part in sport are always failures.
B. More should be done to make girls do sport.
C. Girls are less confident than boys.
D. Boys are born to be sport lovers.
2. What's the proportion of boys who never take exercise
A.1/10.
B.1/4.
C.1/5.
D.2/5.
3. Ms Fraser mentions those famous women to show_________.
A. hard work will pay off
B. it's not easy to be great
C. sport can help girls to succeed
D. it's necessary to balance work and sport
4. What's the purpose of the text
A. To explain the key to success.
B. To show the importance of sport.
C. To introduce more games to girls.
D. To encourage more girls to do sport.
二、七选五
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明 词数：264 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[河北保定2020高三一模]When we meet the homeless，most of us might avoid eye contact and walk a little faster.1 What's his or her story？How long have they lived on the streets？Maybe you even wanted to help，but didn't know how to start a conversation. Then the following might help you.
2 Is there another way I can help？
This is an especially good thing to say if you're uncomfortable with handing over cash or don't have any to offer. Undoubtedly，money is something that a homeless person needs，but often there is a specific thing that can quickly help that person out of a terrible situation.
Did you catch the game？
3 Talking about sports is a good idea. While there is a game，bring it up like talking about the weather-sports is a topic of conversation that you don't have to be of a certain class to experience.
Good morning.
Say “hi” or “hello” or try to acknowledge the person in some way.4 Regardless of what your greeting may be, it's important to look the person in the eye when speaking. According to the homeless, one of the many difficult things about being homeless is that they feel less respected.
How are you doing Would you like to talk
These questions are great because they're open-ended. Don't be surprised if people are not interested in chatting, though. You're getting into their personal lives.5 If, however, the person is open to talking, this can lead to a real conversation-and maybe even provide a way for you to offer help.
A.I don't have any money.
B. It's good to hear kindness.
C. But you might also think about the situation.
D. Maybe they don't want to discuss that with a stranger.
E. Athletic events are often shown on televisions on the streets.
F. The non-homeless person almost never looks the homeless in the eye.
G. Offering a wish of good will can be a powerful thing to the homeless.
参考答案：
刷阅读理解
A
【语篇导读】本文为一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位名叫纳加拉杰的印度女士致力于做志愿抄写员，帮助盲人学生在考场上读题和记录答案，使他们得以继续接受教育的故事。
1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中She thought she'd have to drop out of school. Luckily，her mother managed to raise enough money to educate her through high school.可知，纳加拉杰艰难地完成了高中学业，故选B项。
2.A词义猜测题。根据画线词上文In India，most children with sight challenges do not have access to specialised schooling. Even for those who attend mainstream classes，timed exams-key for Indian educational institutions，where scores are especially important-present additional difficulties.以及后文And so，their education comes to a sudden stop，midway.可知，对盲人学生来说，考试中如果没有抄写员的帮助是很难完成考试的，尤其在印度的教育机构很重视考试分数的情况下，因此他们一想到要参加笔试就会变得很犹豫，进而辍学。故画线词意为“变得犹豫”。故选A项。
3.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Another challenge is to expand the circle of scribes.可推知，纳加拉杰女士必须克服的挑战是抄写员的数量有限。故选A项。
4.D主旨大意题。根据第一段Next week，Pushpa Nagaraj will appear for her 720th exam. But she won't be taking the exam for herself...and then writing down the answers they give.并结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了印度的纳加拉杰女士致力于做志愿抄写员，帮助盲人学生在考场上读题和记录答案，使他们得以继续接受教育的故事。由此可知，D项（一位印度女士当抄写员来帮助残疾儿童）最能概括本文主旨。故选D项。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了女性参加体育锻炼的好处，以鼓励女孩们多参加体育锻炼。
1.B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“All girls and not just the sporty ones should take physical exercise，”said Ms Fraser.和第四段中的Ms Fraser said Olympic medallists like Jessica Ennis-Hill，Katherine Grainger and Nicola Adams were excellent role models for young women but said women's sport needed more money and more news reports.可知，弗拉泽女士认为所有女孩都应该参加体育锻炼，但是女性运动需要更多的钱和更多的新闻报道。由此可推知，B项（应该做更多的事情来让女孩运动）最符合弗拉泽女士的观点，故选B项。
2.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的One in five girls does no activity at all，twice the proportion of boys，the research suggests.可知，五分之一的女孩根本不参加任何体育锻炼，是男孩比例的两倍。由此可知，不参加体育锻炼的男孩的比例是十分之一，故选A项。
3.C推理判断题。根据第四段中的Ms Fraser said other research suggested that more than 80%of women business leaders played sport while growing up.可知，研究表明，80%以上的女性商业领袖在成长过程中都从事体育运动。下文就是具体例子，由此可推知，弗拉泽女士提到那些著名女性的目的是说明运动能够帮助女性成功，故选C项。
4.D推理判断题。文章介绍了女性参加体育锻炼的好处和运动帮助许多女性成功的例子，由此可推知，本文的目的是鼓励女孩们多参加体育锻炼。故选D项。
刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章为读者提供了几条与无家可归者展开对话的方法。
1.C设空处后面的两个问句“他/她的故事是怎样的？他们在街上生活多长时间了？”描述了我们见到无家可归者时心里的疑惑，C项“但是你可能也会考虑（他们的）处境”符合语境。C项中的you might also think about the situation与上一句中的most of us might avoid eye contact and walk a little faster构成鲜明的对比。故选C项。
2.A根据空后的Is there another way I can help？可知，前面句子涉及一种帮助方式；再根据下面段落中第一句话 This is an especially good thing to say if you're uncomfortable with handing over cash or don't have any to offer.可知，本段是关于如果你觉得给无家可归者钱不合适或者身上没钱的情况下该如何做的建议。由此可推断出，A项“我没有钱”符合语境。
3.E根据设空处下一句Talking about sports is a good idea.可知，本段是建议与无家可归者谈论体育赛事。由此可知，E项“体育赛事经常在街头的电视上播放”符合语境。
4.B根据设空处上句Say “hi” or “hello” or try to acknowledge the person in some way.及本段最后一句中的 one of the many difficult things about being homeless is that they feel less respected可推断出，无家可归者缺乏认可和尊重，B项中hear kindness与之呼应，故选B项。
5.D根据设空处上两句Don't be surprised if people are not interested in chatting，though. You're getting into their personal lives.可知，此处是说无家可归者有可能不愿意与陌生人讨论自己的私事。故选D项。
5 / 7