2023四川高考二轮复习(语法填空+短文改错)每日一练语法填空学案(含答案)

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名称 2023四川高考二轮复习(语法填空+短文改错)每日一练语法填空学案(含答案)
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2023四川高考二轮复习(语法填空+短文改错)每日一练语法填空-考点解析
有提示词类:
高频考点:
1:谓语动词:时态,语态,主谓一致
2:非谓语动词: to do不定式,v-ing, v-ed
3: 名词:主要考查可数名词---单数,复数
4:形容词,副词:考察adj-adv词性互换,比较级或最高级
5:派生词:动词—名词,名词—形容词,动词,形容词—副词
低频考点:
1:代词:一般给出人称代词的主格,考查其宾格,名词性或形容词性物主代词及反身代词。
无提示词类:
高频考点:
1:介词:考查介词的基本用法或固定搭配
2:冠词:考查冠词的特指,泛指或固定搭配。
3:关系连词:侧重考查定语从句的关系连词。以及名词性从句,状语从句。
4:构成强调句结构的it或that,作形式主语或形式宾语的it.
短文改错-常见错误
改错是有一定的规律可循的,纵观近几年的高考试题及我们平常的模拟考试,可以发现短文改错主要有以下十大错误:
1、形容词与副词的误用。如exciting与excited,hard与hardly,possible与possibly,here与there等,以及形容词与副词的比较级与最高级。
2、名词的单复数误用。如在several,many,various,different,a few,one of等之后,常用名词的复数,在every与each之后常用单数。
3、代词的误用。如you与your,it’s与its,it与they或them,one与ones,宾格(如me)与反身代词(如myself)等的误用。
4、介词的误用、缺少或多余。常见的如in 与on,to与for,instead与instead of,because与because of等的误用。
5、时态的错误。看一篇文章,要有一种大局观,要上前下挂,看看上下文的时态是否一致。
6、连词的误用。如or与and的误用,and与but的误用,so与but的误用,because或since与so连用,though与but连用等。
7、第三人称单数后的动词形式。
8、一些固定结构的误用。如so...that被误用作very...that,too...to被误用very...to,as...as被误作so...as等。
9、定语从句中关系词的误用。
10、 一些常用词的误用。如what与how,except与besides,any与some以及它们的合成词如anything与something,anywhere与somewhere等混淆不清。
语法填空-第一篇
Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging(see sb doing看见某人正在…) from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___1___ (fall) child.
Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK.
___2___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___3___ (sleep) while watching TV(省略结构).
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing(听到某人正在…) outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___4___ (see) them. When he looked down, he ___5___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___6___ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry ___7___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___8___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
He saved my ___9___ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___10___ to thank him.”
"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry.
【答案】
1. falling
2. The
3. asleep
4. to see
5. accidentally
6. and
7. was fixing
8. threw
9. son's
10. how
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述的是正在修车的Henry拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上,即将要掉下来的小孩Eric的故事。
1. 考查非谓语动词。句意:当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时,他跑了100米,跳过了1.2米高的栅栏,伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词,设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意,fall为动词,意为“掉落”, child和fall之间是主动关系,同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
2. 考查冠词。句意:布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构,设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏,意为“某某一家人”,the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首,首字母应该大写。故填The。
3. 考查形容词。句意:他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知,设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词,意为“睡觉”,其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配,意为“熟睡的”,asleep符合句意。故填asleep。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意:过了一会儿,艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音,醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上,爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词,设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意,他要爬到阳台去看他们(外面玩闹的孩子们。),故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
5. 考查副词。句意:当他往下看时,不小心滑了一跤,从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词,意为“意外的,失误的”,其副词为accidentally,意为“意外地,失误地”,符合句意。故填accidentally。
6. 考查连词。句意:他坚持了几分钟,尖叫喊着他的父亲,但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写连词,连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意,此处表示并列关系。故填and。
7. 考查动词。句意:听到尖叫声时,亨利正在修车。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams,可知,设空处的动作是正在发生的,同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词,意为“修理”,其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。
8. 考查过去式。句意:他迅速把工具扔到一边,伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构,设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词,意为“扔”,过去时为threw。故填threw。
9. 考查名词所有格。句意:他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意,life与提示词son之间是所属关系,故应该使用名词所有格。故填son’s。
10. 考查特殊疑问词。句意:我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构,设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意,how意为“如何”,符合句意。故填how。
语法填空-第二篇
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country ___1___(grow)more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___2___ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is ___3___ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ___4___ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water ___5___ rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased ___6___ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ___7___ (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government ___8___ (start) a soil-testing program ___9___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while ___10___ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
【答案解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了中国为保护环境在农作物种植上做了一些变化并得到了世界上的知名人士的认可。
1. has grown 【解析】考查时态。since加时间点,主句要用现在完成时。句意:2011年以来,中国种植的玉米比水稻多。故填has grown。
2. the【解析】考查冠词。句意:玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%,而大米只增长了7%。故是特指在过去的25年里。故填the。
3. actually 【解析】考查副词。句意:对肉的需求实际上是这种变化的背后原因。句子结构完整,用副词修饰句子。故填actually。
4. to improve【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了改善水质政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。没有连词可以且谓语动词是encourages,故improve应该用非谓语动词。此处表示目的,故用不定式。故填to improve。
5. than【解析】考查连词。句意:玉米比大米使用的水更少。根据关键词less可知,填比较连词。故填than。
6. pollution【解析】考查词性转换。句意:这一转变减少了中国较大的湖泊和水库的污染,使人们的饮用水更加安全。has decreased后跟名词作宾语,故填pollution。
7. global【解析】考查词性转换。句意:中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%。fertilizer
consumption是名词短语,故应该用形容词修饰。故填global。
8.started【解析】考查谓语动词。句意:在2005年政府开始了一项土壤测试项目。本句是when引导的定语从句,由于时间是2005年,故用过去时。故填started。
9. that/which【解析】考查定语从句关系词。根据空后的谓语动词gives可知,该空缺少主语,指代program并且引导后面的句子。指物用that/which,故填that或者which。
10. feeding【解析】考查省略句。句意:中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作,while后面省略掉了China is,省略句的原则:在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句中,如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词时,那么可以把主语和be动词一块省略。故填feeding。
语法填空-第三篇
Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950___1___(be)30-today it is 41 and is expected___2___(increase)to 42 by 2050. For Japan, the___3___(number)are more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one in 12 people around the world were over 65;by 2050, it will be one in six.
This aging of the population is driven___4__two factors. The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large___5___(compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes___6___(old)than before. This is___7__(particular)true in the US. The second reason is that people are living longer. A child born in the US today has___8___very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.
People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should___9___(place)on longevity(长寿). It isn't just that people are, on average, living longer. It's also that they are on average healthier___10___more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy.
【答案解析】
1. was 2. to increase 3. numbers 4. by 5. compared
6. older 7. particularly 8. a 9. be placed 10. and
短文改错-第一篇
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Tina, 14, is hard-working student. She studies hard, follows the rules at school, and do whatever her parents, teachers and even friend tell her to do. She seems to be used to say “yes” to everything. But Tina is not always happy about this. “Sometimes her friends invite me to do something together, but I’ve got the other plans already,” Tina said. “And sometimes people ask too much favors from me. For example, every day a student is in duty to keep the classroom clean, and there is one girl whom always wants to change shifts (轮班) with me. I don’t feel like helping her, because I just cannot say no.” “I wish I could change,” Tina thought to herself.
1. hard-working前加a
2. do→does
3. friend→friends
4. say→saying
5. her→my
6. 去掉the other的the
7. much→many
8. in→on
9. whom→who
10. because→but
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了好好女孩蒂娜的烦恼——不会拒绝别人。
第一处:考查冠词。句意:14岁的蒂娜是一个勤奋的学生。student是可数名词,此处用不定冠词表泛指,故在hard-working前加a。
第二处:考查主谓一致。句意:她努力学习,遵守学校的规定,做父母、老师甚至朋友让她做的任何事情。主语为“She”,谓语动词用第三人称单数,故do改为does。第三处:考查名词复数。句意同上,friend是可数名词,此处表示不止一个朋友,用可数名词复数表泛指,故friend改为friends。
第四处:考查非谓语动词。句意:她似乎习惯于对一切都说“是”。be used to doing表示“习惯于做某事”,故say改为saying。
第五处:考查代词。句意:蒂娜说:“有时我的朋友邀请我一起做些事情,但我已经有其他的计划了”。根据句意可知此处表示“我的”,故her改为my。
第六处:考查the other与other的区别。句意同上,the other表示“两者中的另一个”,other表示“其他的”,故去掉other前的the。
第七处:考查too much与too many的区别。句意:有时人们向我要求太多的帮助。too much修饰不可数名词,too many修饰可数名词复数,修饰的是“favors”,故much改为many。
第八处:考查介词。句意:每天都有一个学生负责保持教室整洁,有一个女孩总是想和我换班。be on duty表示“值日”,故in改为on。
第九处:考查定语从句。句意同上,此处为定语从句,关系词指代先行词“one girl”并在从句中作主语,故whom改为who。
第十处:考查连词。句意:我不想帮她,但我就是不会拒绝。根据句意可知前后是转折而非因果关系,故because改为but。
第二篇
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Simon’s father bought him the new bike the day before yesterday, which made him very exciting. Then he began to ride it fast on the road. Seeing a man getting closely to him, Simon couldn’t stop it and as a result, he knock into the man. Being very kind, so the man didn’t scold him at all. Instead, he told him how dangerously it was to ride a bike so fast. He asked him to keep the lesson in mind. Simon felt regretful but ashamed. He promised keep the lesson in mind forever. Then, the man bent on and began to repair his bike. After a while, he got them repaired. Simon was greatly moved. He thanked the man and left happily.
1. the →a
2. exciting →excited
3. closely → close
4. knock →knocked
5. 去掉so
6. dangerously →dangerous
7. but →and
8. promised 后加to
9. on →down
10. them →it
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了西蒙骑着爸爸新买给他的自行车撞到了人,那个人不但没有责骂他而且给他修车的故事。
第一处:考查冠词。句意:西蒙的父亲前天给他买了一辆新自行车,这让他很兴奋。“bike”在文中第一次出现,应该用不定冠词表泛指,故the 改为a。
第二处:考查形容词。句意参考上题解析,修饰人用ed结尾的形容词,表示“感到……的”,故exciting 改为excited。
第三处:考查形容词。句意:西蒙眼看着一个人离他越来越近,但他无法把车子停下来。get/be close to表示“靠近”,故closely 改为 close。
第四处:考查时态。句意:结果,他撞到了那个人。讲述的是过去的事情,应该用一般过去时,故knock 改为knocked。
第五处:考查连词。句意:这个人很好,根本没有骂他。此处为现在分词作状语,不需要连词,so是多余的,故删掉so。
第六处:考查形容词。句意:相反,他告诉西蒙自行车骑这么快有多危险。此处为it is+adj+to do结构,故dangerously 改为dangerous。
第七处:考查连词。句意:西蒙感到后悔和羞愧。“regretful”和“ashamed”之间是并列而非转折关系,故but 改为and。
第八处:考查不定式。句意:他承诺永远牢记这一教训。promise to do表示“承诺做某事”,故promised 后加to。
第九处:考查固定短语。句意:然后,这个人弯下腰开始修理他的自行车。bent down表示“弯下腰”,故on改为down。
第十处:考查代词。句意:过了一会儿,他把它修好了。此处指代“Simon’s bike”,故them 改为it。
第三篇
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Oseola McCarty spent more than 75 years washing and iron other people’s clothes. Like a laundry woman, she was paid only a few dollar each time. Certainly nobody would consider her rich, but they were all amazed when Miss McCarty decided to donate $ 150,000 to the University of Southern Mississippi. She could save such large amount of money because of she lived a very simple life. She never learned to drive, and when she wanted to go somewhere, she just walked. She never flies to anywhere till the donation. Her donation was for students who clear needed financial help. He left school in the sixth grade and never got married or had children. She said to the reporters that the idea of helping somebody’s child go to college gave her many pleasure.
1. iron→ironing
2. Like→As
3. dollar→dollars
4. but→so
5. such后加a
6. because of的of去掉
7. flies→flew
8. clear→clearly
9. He→She
10. many→much
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了一位洗衣女工向南密西西比大学捐款15万美元的故事。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意:奥古拉·麦卡蒂花了超过75年的时间为别人洗衣服和熨衣服。短语spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”后跟v-ing形式,故iron改为ironing。
2.考查介词。句意:作为一名洗衣女工,她每次的工资只有几美元。表示“作为;以……的身份”应用介词as。故Like改为As。
3.考查名词的数。dollar为可数名词,由a few修饰应用复数形式dollars。故把dollar改为dollars。
4.考查连词。句意:当然,没有人会认为她富有,所以当麦卡蒂小姐决定向南密西西比大学捐款15万美元时,他们都很惊讶。根据语境上下文为因果关系,故but改为so。
5.考查冠词。句意:她可以节省这么一大笔钱,是因为她过着非常简朴的生活。短语a large amount of“大量;许多”,故such后添加a。
6.考查介词。此处连接原因状语从句,应用连词because。故去掉of。
7.考查动词时态。句意:在捐款之前,她从未坐飞机去任何地方。根据全文描述,可知是过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,故flies改为flew。
8.考查副词。句意:她的捐款是给那些明显需要经济帮助的学生的。修饰动词“need”用副词,故clear改为clearly。
9.考查人称代词。句意:她六年级就辍学了,从未结过婚,也没有孩子。此处指代Oseola McCarty洗衣女工应用she。故He改为She。
10.考查形容词。句意:她对记者说,帮助别人的孩子上大学给了她很多乐趣。pleasure为不可数名词,应用much修饰,故many改为much。