人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit5 Launching Your Career单元考点突破学案（有答案）

名师原创：Unit5 单元考点突破
●词汇精讲
1. be appropriate for…适合…
【原句再现】
What are some of the ways that can help people decide which career is appropriate for them (教材P50)
【词块积累】
appropriately adv. 恰当地，合适地
be appropriate for…= be suitable for…
【精品例句】
His casual clothes were not appropriate for such a formal occasion.
他随便的穿着不适合这样的场合
There would not be more appropriate dresses for her like this one.
她穿这件衣服再合适不过了
【高考链接】
Not all men are _____ (appropriately) for that kind of work. （湖南卷. 语法填空）
(appropriate)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I didn’t feel that this was an _____ (appropriately) time/place to mention the subject.
(appropriate)
2. bounce vi.& vt. (使) 弹起；上下晃动 n. 弹性；弹跳；活力
【原句再现】
Some people know what they want to do from a young age，but many others just have a few ideas bouncing around in their heads. (教材原句P50)
【词块积累】
on the bounce 在弹起时；接二连三地
bounce around/about 蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去
bounce into…蹦蹦跳跳地进入…；猛然冲进…
【精品例句】
Short sound waves bounce off even small objects.
短声波在很小的物体上也能反射回来。
The ball bounced up and down.
球上下弹跳。
The ball bounced high and she missed it.
球弹得很高，她没有接住。
【高考链接】
Because Gypsies bounced _______ from country to country，they found it difficult to build permanent settlements or find jobs. (江苏卷) (around/about)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
He bounced ______ the room and shouted at me. (into)
Ferreira again won the Portuguese championship，becoming the first coach to win three titles ______ the bounce. (on)
3. head start 起步前的优势
【原句再现】
Getting a head start in considering your future career may help you for the rest of your life. (教材原句P50)
【词块积累】
at the start刚开始；在起跑线
at the start of …..在……开始的时候
a fresh start 新的起点，新的开始
take a fresh start重新开始
from start to finish自始至终，彻头彻尾
【精品例句】
Being able to speak French gave her a head start over the other candidates.
会说法语使她比其他候选人占优势。
Joe has a head start. He began to study early than we did.
乔比我们占优势，他准备功课比我们早。
A good education gives your child a head start in life.
良好的教育会让你的孩子在人生的起跑线上比别人领先一步。
【高考链接】
The new system was confronted with great difficulties at ______ start. (上海卷) (the)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
He takes over as chief executive _____ the start of next year. (at)
You'll have ____ fresh start every single day—not just on January 1st. (a)
4. focus vi/vt. 集中(精力、注意力等)；(使)调节焦距；聚焦(于)
【原句再现】
Others focus more on asking you to rate different kinds of work scenarios, like working as a librarian or a lawyer. (教材P50)
【词块积累】
focus n. 焦点；重点；中心
focused adj. 注意力集中的；目标明确的
focus on 集中；特别关注；(眼睛、摄像机等) 对准，调节焦距
focus...on...把……集中到……上
focus/centre/concentrate/fix one’s attention on sth. 集中某人的注意力于某物上
stay/keep focused保持注意力集中
the focus of attention/concern/interest 关注的焦点
come into focus 成为焦点
bring sth. into focus 使某事/某物成为焦点
out of focus 焦点未对准的，模糊不清的
【精品例句】
The focus of attention has changed.
关注的焦点转移了
We shall maintain our focus on the needs of the customers.
我们将继续关注顾客的需求
The other team was brilliant and we really had to focus.
另一队很优秀，我们必须集中注意力
He focused his blue eyes on her.
他用蓝眼睛盯着她
【高考链接】
You should stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to improve the situation. (广东卷.阅读篇)
By focusing on saving oil, water, paper, food, and clothing, we are playing part in cutting down on waste. （福建卷.阅读篇）
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
What’s more, it is of significance to focus ____ both food quality and quantity. (on)
5. rate n. 速度; 比率: 价格; 费用; v.|不用于进行时] 对…评估; 对…评价; 给划分等级
【原句再现】
Others focus more on asking you to rate different kinds of work scenarios, like working as a librarian or a lawyer. (教材P50)
【词块积累】
a high rate of unemployment 高失业率
be sold at a high rate 以高价出售
at any rate无论如何 (= anyway)
at this / that rate这样/那样的话:
【精品例句】
Our money was running out at an alarming rate.
我们的钱正在以惊人的速度消耗殆尽
The university is highly rated for its research.
这所大学因其研究工作而受到高度评价
The show was rated as a great success by critics.
评论家认为这场演出是一次巨大的成功
【高考链接】
The car is running at a ______ of eighty kilometers an hour. (陕西卷)
(rate/speed)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
_______ any rate, the medical supplies will reach you within a week. ( At )
If you go on _______ that rate, you will damage your health. ( at )
6. preference. 喜爱；偏爱；优待；优先
【原句再现】
One popular test asks the participants to grade their preferences for a variety of work tasks. (教材P50)
【词块积累】
show/have preference for…. 偏爱…
prefer vt. 较喜欢；更喜欢；喜欢……多于……;
prefer to do sth/prefer doing sth. 更想做某事
prefer sb to do sth 更想让某人做某事
prefer A to B比起B更喜欢A, to为介词A，B既可以是名词也可以是动名词
prefer to do A rather than do B宁愿做A不愿做B
= would rather do A than do B
= would do A rather than do B
【精品例句】
I prefer walking/to walk alone after a day’s work.
I prefer you to drive, if you don’t mind.
They preferred good news to bad.
I prefer singing to acting.
As a teacher, he should not show preference for any of his students
【高考链接】
We can eat out if you like, but I would _____ (更喜欢) to stay in. （陕西卷）(prefer)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I prefer the red dress _____ the green one because it fits me better. (to)
I would prefer _____ (read) books to watching TV. (reading)
7. debt n. 债务；欠款
【原句再现】
Help and advise people in serious debt. (教材原句P50)
【词块积累】
in debt负债
out of debt 不欠债
pay off debts 还清债务
get/run into debt 负债
owe sb. a debt 欠某人一个人情
get out of debt还债
【精品例句】
He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.
他不希望由于餐馆不受欢迎而负债。
This young couple are always in debt because they never consider their incomes before buying something.
这对年轻的夫妇总是负债，因为他们在买东西时从不考虑自己的收入。
After she lost her job，she began to run into debt.
失业后她开始欠债。
【高考链接】
I'm heavily ______ debt at the moment，but hope to be out ______ debt when I get paid. (福建卷) (in, of)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I owe him _____ debt of gratitude for all he has done for me. (a)
It's much easier to get _____ debt than to get out of debt．(into)
8. profile n. 简介；概述；侧面轮廓 vt. 扼要介绍；概述；写简介
【原句再现】
Categorize employee profiles. (教材原句P50 )
【词块积累】
in profile从侧面看；以侧面
draw in profile 画侧面像或轮廓
a profile of …. ……的简介或概述
high profile 鲜明的姿态
low profile 低姿态；不出头露面；不惹人注意
keep a low profile保持低调
【精品例句】
He presented his best profile to the camera.
他在照相机前呈现自己最好看的侧面轮廓。
The story was given a low profile in today's papers.
今天的报纸很低调地报道了这个故事。
He sat in profile to me.
他侧面朝我坐着。
【高考链接】
The BBC is working on a profile _______ the British nuclear industry. (陕西卷) (of)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The painting shows her _____ profile. (in)
When you are feeling happy，please enjoy it，but keep ____ low profile. (a)
9. spy n. 密探；间谍 vi.从事间谍活动；vt. 突然看见；发现
【原句再现】
He spied for his government for more than ten years. (教材P51)
【词块积累】
spy on/upon sb.　暗中监视某人；侦察某人
spy into sth. 侦察某事
spy sth. out 暗中查明某事，秘密了解清楚某事
【精品例句】
We spied three figures in the distance.
我们看见远处有三个人影儿。
He denied acting as an enemy spy.
他否认自己是敌方间谍。
I'm sure my neighbors spy on me.
我肯定邻居在暗中监视我。
【高考链接】
He knew he was being spied _______ at that time. (福建卷) (on/upon)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
He studied the map and spied ______ the quickest route. (out)
I was demanded to spy _____ the enemy's movements. (into)
10. recommend vt. 推荐; 介绍; 建议
【原句再现】
According to the participant’s work personality code, what careers would you recommend (教材P51)
【词块积累】
recommendation n.推荐;介绍
follow sb's recommendations听从某人的劝告
a letter of recommendation推荐信
recommend sb/sth to sb. 把某人某物推荐给某人
recommend (that)主语+(should) do sth
= advise (that) 主语+(should) do sth.
= suggest(建议) (that) 主语+should do sth.
recommend sb. to do sth.= advise sb. to do sth.
recommend (sb) doing sth. = advise (sb) doing sth. 建议某事/某人…
【精品例句】
I don't know what to read. Can you recommend anything
我不知道该读些什么，你能推荐点什么吗
This hotel is highly recommended.
强烈推荐这家酒店。
She was recommended for the post by a colleague
一位同事推荐她担任这个职位
It is strongly recommended that the machines should be checked e very year.
强烈建议将这些机器每年检查一次
The doctor recommended me to take a long rest.
医生劝我长期休养
I recommend (you) meeting him first.
我建议(你) 先见见他，
【高考链接】
Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye exam _______ at the age of six months old. (浙江卷)
A. was B. be C. were D. is ( B)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I recommend this book _____ anyone with an interest in art. ( to)
We all strongly recommended that the meeting ___ (hold) at once. (be held)
My teacher suggested ___ (go) to school. (going)
11. devote vt. 奉献；致力； 专心
【原句再现】
Being a female scientist was much less common in her time, but in spite of this she devoted her life to her career. (教材P52)
【词块积累】
devotion n. 献身；忠诚；热爱；专心
devotion to duty 忠于职守
devote onself/sth. to sth./doing sth. 把…奉献于…；致力于…
be devoted to sth./doing sth. 专心于…；致力于….
devoted n. adj. 忠诚的，忠实的
【精品例句】
She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children.
她为中国的妇女儿童医疗事业奉献了毕生精力
The old man devoted his life to helping the poor.
这位老人为救济穷人耗尽了毕生精力
If you have a job, do devote yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed.
如果你有一份工作，务必全身心地投入，最终你会成功的
He devoted himself entirely/all his life to education.
他将一生奉献给了教育事业。
We should devote everything we have.
我们应该奉献我们的一切。
He devoted a great sum of money to books.
他花了一大笔钱买书。
【高考链接】
Her son, to whom she was so ____, went abroad ten years ago. (湖北课改卷)
A. loved B. cared C. devoted D. affected (C)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The scientist devoted all his energy to _______ (do) research on the project. (doing)
12. provide. vt. 赡养，提供
【原句再现】
This often involves helping or providing service to other people. (教材P53)
【词块积累】
provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for/to sb. 为某人提供……
provided/providing(that 从句) 假如；如果
provide for 抚养，供养
【精品例句】
Community schools provide good quality education for children.
社区学校为孩子们提供 质量的教育
My goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.
我的目标是为人类提供高质量的生活
She needs her new, busy work to provide for her family.
她的新工作很繁忙，但她需要它来养家糊口
I will play tennis provided that we've finished by 5 pm.
要是我们5点结束，我就去打网球
The Red Cross provides food and shelter for disaster victims.
红十字会给灾民们提供食物和住处
比较：offer侧重表示主动而且“愿意给予”，常用offer sb. Sth.或 offer to do sth结构
" She offered a reward for the return of her lost mobile phone.
她为寻回遗失的手机提出以酬金答谢 He offered to go instead of me.
他主动提出替我去
supply通常指定期“供应”，强调替代或补充所需物品，常用supply sb with sth或supply sth. to sb. 结构
Trees can supply/ provide shade in summer 夏天，树能提供荫凉
The butcher supplies us with meat这个卖肉的供应我们肉
【高考链接】
This is a group that specializes in providing houses and services ______ needy people.(四川课改卷) (to/for)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The project is designed to provide young people ______ work. (with)
●本单元其它重要词组
13. attend to….关怀；照料；处理
We are building a team of keen young people to help us attend to hundreds of students from all over the world. (教材P55)
●句型点拨
1. 状语从句中部分成分的省略（也可以看成从属连词 + 分词构成的分词短语）
【原句再现】
As an adult，one of the first questions you are asked when meeting someone new is，“What do you do？” (教材原句P50)
句式分析：句中when meeting someone new是一个省略句，补全后为：When you meet someone new
【能力拓展】
当when，while，before，after，unless，as if，if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it，且从句谓语中含有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。
【精品例句】
Work hard when (you are) young，or you'll regret.
少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。
While (she was) walking along the river bank，she was singing a pop song.
她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。
Don't listen to music when (you are) doing your homework.
做作业的时候不要听音乐。
【高考链接】
While _______ (play) with his children outdoors，the father felt very happy. (陕西卷) (playing)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
If _______ (accept) for the job，you'll be informed soon. (accepted)
He won't come unless ________ (invite)． (invited)
2. 现在分词短语作后置定语
【原句再现】
This，however，is not always easy. Some people know what they want to do from a young age，but many others just have a few ideas bouncing around in their heads．(教材原句P50)
句式分析：句中bouncing around in their heads为现在分词短语作名词ideas的后置定语。
【能力拓展】
※ 现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。
※ 单个现在分词作定语，放在所修饰词的前面，而现在分词短语作定语则放在所修饰词的后面。
【精品例句】
They put an advertisement in a newspaper looking for rock musicians.
他们在报上登了一则广告，寻求摇滚乐乐师。
The building being built is our teaching building.
正在盖的楼房是我们的教学楼。
The man standing by the window is our teacher.
站在窗边的那个人是我们的老师。
【高考链接】
There is a note on the door _______ (say) “On Holiday”. （山东卷）(saying)
The girl _____ (wait) to see the famous actor is my classmate. (湖北卷) (waiting)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Do you know the man ______ (talk) to your father (talking)
Make less noise. There's a ______ (sleep) child. (sleeping)
●复习非谓语动词之动名词（详见语法课件）
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