人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册 Unit5 Learning About Language Using Language能力提升练（含解析）
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Unit5 Learning About Language & Using Language能力提升练
一、阅读理解
（2020湖北华中师大一附中高三月考）
There are as many kinds of careers as there are people. They vary greatly in the type of work involved and in the ways they influence a person’s life. The kind of career you have can affect your life in many ways. By making wise decisions concerning your career, you can help yourself build the life you want. To do that. you need as much information as possible. The more you know about yourself. the better able you will be to choose a satisfying career.
What do people hope to acquire from a career Some people desire a high income. Some hope for adventure. Still others intend to serve people and make the world a better place. Before you begin to explore career fields, you should determine your values, your interests, and your aptitudes that will make you competent for your future work. Most people are happiest in jobs that fit their values, interests, and skills. Each person has many values, which vary in strength. For example money is the strongest value and priority for some people-that is, wealth is more important to them than anything else. As a result, they focus their earning a high income. Other values include devoting to religion, taking risks, spending time with family and helping others.
Before making a career decision, you can ask yourself what is most important to you and examine your beliefs to better know your values. For example is it important to you to work as a member of a team Or would you rather be in charge or work alone If working alone or being in charge is important to you, independence is probably one of your primary values.
1. How can we make a wise career decision
A. By learning more about ourselves.
B. By sticking to our beliefs more firmly.
C. By changing our interest more often
D. By finding more career opportunities
2. According to the writer, a satisfying career is the one that ________.
A. brings huge wealth
B. meets inner demands
C. develops interests and skills
D. contributes to forming values
3. what does the writer convey to us in the last paragraph
A. The contents of our values.
B. The foundations of our values.
C. The places to achieve our values.
D. The ways to understand our values.
二、完形填空
（2020山东青州高二上期末）
I grew up in North Little Rock, Arkansas in a working class, African-American neighborhood. I went to middle school in an unfamiliar neighborhood. I was one of the few black students in my class. I was often 1 for being “too smart” or even “too white”. I knew if I wanted to do extremely well, I had to 2 my fears of exploring a strange neighborhood. Despite often feeling 3 , I made use of the educational opportunities and aimed for excellence.
During my senior year of high school, my father died after a long 4 with the disease. His death forced me into 5 at an early age. I was fortunate enough to
6 a full academic scholarship in Southern Methodist University. To support myself, I also delivered newspapers, tutored, worked at the mall, and 7 worked as an intern（实习生）at IBM. It wasn’t easy for me strong work ethic（行为准则）that continues to serve me to this day.
After graduation, I set my 9 on Wall Street and accepted a(n) 10 as a financial analyst for a large investment bank in New York City. Years later I awoke to the fact that I really wanted to do something that made a 11 difference in an under served community. So, I 12 and then joined Teach For America as Chief Financial Officer. I will be forever 13 for that life-changing opportunity to help others. It was an important 14 : I learned that pushing for 15 happiness often has little to do with financial gain and more to do with finding your passion（激情）in your job.
1. A. blamed B. teased C. pushed D. treated
2. A ignore B. understand C. overcome D. confirm
3. A. out of control B. out of patience C. out of balance D. out of place
4. A. flight B. battle C. separation D. process
5. A. loneliness B. loss C. Independence D. awkwardness
6. A. receive B. accept C. seek D. reach
7. A. eventually B. specially C. Natural D. seriously
8. A. Instead B. Still C. Therefore D. Then
9. A. gifts B. abilities C. fears D. sights
10. A. scholarship B. interview C. turn D. position
11. A. temporary B. complex C. flexible D. positive
12. A. resigned B. retired C. hesitated D. insisted
13. A. hungry B. grateful C. anxious D. responsible
14. A. moment B. dream C. officer D. step
15. A. traditional B. spiritual C. professional D. fundamental
三、语法填空
（2020陕西甘肃高三联合考试）
Learning how to choose a career is important not only to adults but also to students at college. People decide to have their careers 1 (change) simply because they dislike the job they 2 (current) have. They take on the jobs not because they them but because they need to make a living. In this case, 3 (get) career guidance is very important. The first step in choosing a career 4 (be) understanding yourself. This will help you realize what you enjoy doing.
The best way to do this is to take a personality test. 5 it is available on the Internet for free. It is also important to understand your values and know what you are willing to do. Next, visit career guidance 6 (website).If possible, apply for a volunteer that benefits you. You can get professional help and decide whether the career path is 7 (suit) for you or not. Finally you should learn universal（广泛适用的）skills, 8 will help you get opportunities to change your career in the future. All in all, choosing a career is important because most of the time in our lives
9 (spend) on work.
Therefore, putting interests and hobbies into careers can always lead 10 the best jobs.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
参考答案
一、阅读理解
【语篇解读】本文属于议论文。职业对我们的影响很大。在开始探索职业领域之前，我们应该确定自己的价值观、兴趣和天赋。对自己了解得越多，我们就越能够选择一个满意的职业。
1. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的 By making wise decisions, the better able you will be to choose a satisfying career..可知，为了做出明智的职业决策，你需要尽可能多的信息。你对自己了解得越多你就越能够选择一个令人满意的职业。故选A。
2. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段开头作者的自问自答以及该段Most people are happiest in jobs that fit their values interests, and skills.（大多人在符合他们价值观、兴趣和技能的工作中最幸福。）可知，在作者看来，能满足内在需要的职业才是理想的职业。故选B。
3. D【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段可知，在做职业决策之前，人们应该问他们自己对他们来说什么非常重要，以及审视自己的信仰以更好地了解自己的价值观。由此可知，本段主要介绍了理解自己价值观的方法。故选D。
二、完形填空
【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。作者经过多年努力后，找到了心仪的工作，但后来作者想帮助那些需要帮助的人，于是辞去了金融分析师的职位。
1. B【解析】根据上文的 African-American neighborhood和 I was one of the few black students in my class.可知，作者是一位非裔美国人，再结合空后的even “too white”和语境可知，此处暗示作者被同学们取笑（tease）。blame责怪；push推动；treat对待，招待。
2. C【解析】根据上文可知，作者经常被取笑，再联系空前的 I knew if I wanted to do extremely well和空后的 my fears of exploring a strange neighborhood可知，此处表示作者知道如果自己想做得非常好，就得克服（overcome）恐惧。
3. D【解析】由于身处在一个陌生的环境中，作者常常觉得格格不入of place）out of control失去控制；out of patience失去耐心；out of balance失去平衡。
4. B【解析】根据空前的 my father died after a long和空后的 with the disease可以推断出，父亲与病魔做了长期的斗争（battle）。
5. C【解析】根据下文的 I also delivered newspapers，tutored，worked at the mall.at IBM可知，父亲去世这件事使得作者早早就变得独立（independence）起来。loneliness孤独；loss损失；awkwardness难堪。
6. A【解析】根据语境可知，此处表示作者很幸运地获得了大学的全额奖学金。receive表示“接到，收到”，指接收某物的客观事实，这里指“收到奖学金”。accept表示“接受（建议、邀请等）”，强调主观上自愿接受，不符合语境。
7. A【解析】根据语境可知，作者最后在IBM做了实习生。eventually最终，最后。
8. B【解析】根据空前的 It wasn’t easy for me.和空后的 I developed a strong work ethic（行为准则）可推断出，设空处前后文之间应是转折关系。so在此处是熟词生义的用法，表示“不过”，相当于 however。
9. D【解析】根据下文可知，作者在一个投资银行找到了工作，故此处表示毕业后，作者以华尔街为奋斗目标。set one's sights on以……为奋斗目标。
10. D【解析】根据下文的 a financial analyst for a large investment bank可知，这里指作者接受了金融分析师的职位。
11. D【解析】根据下文的 in an under-served community和 to help others可知，作者想为政府扶持力度不够的社区带来积极的（positive）影响。temporary临时的；complex复杂的；flexible灵活的。
12. A【解析】根据下文的 then joined Teach For America as Chief Financial Officer可知，作者辞职了（resign），加入了“为美国而教“组织担任首席财务官。retire退休；hesitate犹豫；Insist坚持。
13. B【解析】根据下文出现的 life-changing、Important、I learned that 可知，作者很感激（grateful）有了这样一次机会。
14. D【解析】根据上文的 life-changing opportunity和下文作者的感悟可知，作者辞职加入“为美国而教”组织是非常重要的一步(step)。
15. C【解析】根据上文可知，作者大学毕业后在银行做了一名金融分析师，几年后，作者辞去工作，加入“为美国而教”组织，目的是帮助他人。通过这件事作者明白了努力争取职业。
（professional）幸福通常与经济上的收获关系不大，而与在工作中找到激情有更大关系。traditional传统的；spiritual精神的；fundamental基本的，根本的。
三、语法填空
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。众所周知，选择职业很重要，毕竟我们一生中的大部分时间都花在工作上。文章介绍了选择职业的方法。
1. changed【解析】考查过去分词。此处为 have sth. done结构，careers与 change之间为被动关系，因此使用 change的过去分词形式。故填 changed。
2. currently【解析】考查副词。句中需用副词作状语修饰动词have。故填 currently。
3. getting/to get【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这种情况下，获得职业指导非常重要。不定式作主语常表示具体的某一动作；动名词作主语表示泛指的、一般的抽象概念。根据本句话的语境，使用动名词和动词不定式均可。故填getting或 to get。
4. is【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，该句为主系表结构，此处指选择职业的第一步是了解你自己，描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语是 The first step in choosing a career，故填is。
5. and【解析】考查并列连词。句意：做这件事最好的方法是进行一次个性测试，并且在互联网上可免费测试。空格前后是两个完整的句子，且内容是并列关系。故填and。
6. websites【解析】考查名词的数。website是可数名词，此处和centers为并列成分，故用复数名词 websites。
7. suitable【解析】考查形容词。此处指这条职业道路是否适合你。be suitable for sb.适合某人。
8. which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 universal skills，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。
9. is spent【解析】考查时态和语态。此处指我们生命中大部分时间都花在工作上。此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。most of the time in our lives作原因状语从句的主语，与 spend之间为被动关系，故填 is spent。
10. to【解析】考查介词。句意：因此，把兴趣和爱好投入职业中总会（让你）找到最好的工作。短语 lead to意为“引起，导致，造成”。故填to。
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一、阅读理解
（2020湖北华中师大一附中高三月考）
There are as many kinds of careers as there are people. They vary greatly in the type of work involved and in the ways they influence a person’s life. The kind of career you have can affect your life in many ways. By making wise decisions concerning your career, you can help yourself build the life you want. To do that. you need as much information as possible. The more you know about yourself. the better able you will be to choose a satisfying career.
What do people hope to acquire from a career Some people desire a high income. Some hope for adventure. Still others intend to serve people and make the world a better place. Before you begin to explore career fields, you should determine your values, your interests, and your aptitudes that will make you competent for your future work. Most people are happiest in jobs that fit their values, interests, and skills. Each person has many values, which vary in strength. For example money is the strongest value and priority for some people-that is, wealth is more important to them than anything else. As a result, they focus their earning a high income. Other values include devoting to religion, taking risks, spending time with family and helping others.
Before making a career decision, you can ask yourself what is most important to you and examine your beliefs to better know your values. For example is it important to you to work as a member of a team Or would you rather be in charge or work alone If working alone or being in charge is important to you, independence is probably one of your primary values.
1. How can we make a wise career decision
A. By learning more about ourselves.
B. By sticking to our beliefs more firmly.
C. By changing our interest more often
D. By finding more career opportunities
2. According to the writer, a satisfying career is the one that ________.
A. brings huge wealth
B. meets inner demands
C. develops interests and skills
D. contributes to forming values
3. what does the writer convey to us in the last paragraph
A. The contents of our values.
B. The foundations of our values.
C. The places to achieve our values.
D. The ways to understand our values.
二、完形填空
（2020山东青州高二上期末）
I grew up in North Little Rock, Arkansas in a working class, African-American neighborhood. I went to middle school in an unfamiliar neighborhood. I was one of the few black students in my class. I was often 1 for being “too smart” or even “too white”. I knew if I wanted to do extremely well, I had to 2 my fears of exploring a strange neighborhood. Despite often feeling 3 , I made use of the educational opportunities and aimed for excellence.
During my senior year of high school, my father died after a long 4 with the disease. His death forced me into 5 at an early age. I was fortunate enough to
6 a full academic scholarship in Southern Methodist University. To support myself, I also delivered newspapers, tutored, worked at the mall, and 7 worked as an intern（实习生）at IBM. It wasn’t easy for me strong work ethic（行为准则）that continues to serve me to this day.
After graduation, I set my 9 on Wall Street and accepted a(n) 10 as a financial analyst for a large investment bank in New York City. Years later I awoke to the fact that I really wanted to do something that made a 11 difference in an under served community. So, I 12 and then joined Teach For America as Chief Financial Officer. I will be forever 13 for that life-changing opportunity to help others. It was an important 14 : I learned that pushing for 15 happiness often has little to do with financial gain and more to do with finding your passion（激情）in your job.
1. A. blamed B. teased C. pushed D. treated
2. A ignore B. understand C. overcome D. confirm
3. A. out of control B. out of patience C. out of balance D. out of place
4. A. flight B. battle C. separation D. process
5. A. loneliness B. loss C. Independence D. awkwardness
6. A. receive B. accept C. seek D. reach
7. A. eventually B. specially C. Natural D. seriously
8. A. Instead B. Still C. Therefore D. Then
9. A. gifts B. abilities C. fears D. sights
10. A. scholarship B. interview C. turn D. position
11. A. temporary B. complex C. flexible D. positive
12. A. resigned B. retired C. hesitated D. insisted
13. A. hungry B. grateful C. anxious D. responsible
14. A. moment B. dream C. officer D. step
15. A. traditional B. spiritual C. professional D. fundamental
三、语法填空
（2020陕西甘肃高三联合考试）
Learning how to choose a career is important not only to adults but also to students at college. People decide to have their careers 1 (change) simply because they dislike the job they 2 (current) have. They take on the jobs not because they them but because they need to make a living. In this case, 3 (get) career guidance is very important. The first step in choosing a career 4 (be) understanding yourself. This will help you realize what you enjoy doing.
The best way to do this is to take a personality test. 5 it is available on the Internet for free. It is also important to understand your values and know what you are willing to do. Next, visit career guidance 6 (website).If possible, apply for a volunteer that benefits you. You can get professional help and decide whether the career path is 7 (suit) for you or not. Finally you should learn universal（广泛适用的）skills, 8 will help you get opportunities to change your career in the future. All in all, choosing a career is important because most of the time in our lives
9 (spend) on work.
Therefore, putting interests and hobbies into careers can always lead 10 the best jobs.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
参考答案
一、阅读理解
【语篇解读】本文属于议论文。职业对我们的影响很大。在开始探索职业领域之前，我们应该确定自己的价值观、兴趣和天赋。对自己了解得越多，我们就越能够选择一个满意的职业。
1. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的 By making wise decisions, the better able you will be to choose a satisfying career..可知，为了做出明智的职业决策，你需要尽可能多的信息。你对自己了解得越多你就越能够选择一个令人满意的职业。故选A。
2. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段开头作者的自问自答以及该段Most people are happiest in jobs that fit their values interests, and skills.（大多人在符合他们价值观、兴趣和技能的工作中最幸福。）可知，在作者看来，能满足内在需要的职业才是理想的职业。故选B。
3. D【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段可知，在做职业决策之前，人们应该问他们自己对他们来说什么非常重要，以及审视自己的信仰以更好地了解自己的价值观。由此可知，本段主要介绍了理解自己价值观的方法。故选D。
二、完形填空
【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。作者经过多年努力后，找到了心仪的工作，但后来作者想帮助那些需要帮助的人，于是辞去了金融分析师的职位。
1. B【解析】根据上文的 African-American neighborhood和 I was one of the few black students in my class.可知，作者是一位非裔美国人，再结合空后的even “too white”和语境可知，此处暗示作者被同学们取笑（tease）。blame责怪；push推动；treat对待，招待。
2. C【解析】根据上文可知，作者经常被取笑，再联系空前的 I knew if I wanted to do extremely well和空后的 my fears of exploring a strange neighborhood可知，此处表示作者知道如果自己想做得非常好，就得克服（overcome）恐惧。
3. D【解析】由于身处在一个陌生的环境中，作者常常觉得格格不入of place）out of control失去控制；out of patience失去耐心；out of balance失去平衡。
4. B【解析】根据空前的 my father died after a long和空后的 with the disease可以推断出，父亲与病魔做了长期的斗争（battle）。
5. C【解析】根据下文的 I also delivered newspapers，tutored，worked at the mall.at IBM可知，父亲去世这件事使得作者早早就变得独立（independence）起来。loneliness孤独；loss损失；awkwardness难堪。
6. A【解析】根据语境可知，此处表示作者很幸运地获得了大学的全额奖学金。receive表示“接到，收到”，指接收某物的客观事实，这里指“收到奖学金”。accept表示“接受（建议、邀请等）”，强调主观上自愿接受，不符合语境。
7. A【解析】根据语境可知，作者最后在IBM做了实习生。eventually最终，最后。
8. B【解析】根据空前的 It wasn’t easy for me.和空后的 I developed a strong work ethic（行为准则）可推断出，设空处前后文之间应是转折关系。so在此处是熟词生义的用法，表示“不过”，相当于 however。
9. D【解析】根据下文可知，作者在一个投资银行找到了工作，故此处表示毕业后，作者以华尔街为奋斗目标。set one's sights on以……为奋斗目标。
10. D【解析】根据下文的 a financial analyst for a large investment bank可知，这里指作者接受了金融分析师的职位。
11. D【解析】根据下文的 in an under-served community和 to help others可知，作者想为政府扶持力度不够的社区带来积极的（positive）影响。temporary临时的；complex复杂的；flexible灵活的。
12. A【解析】根据下文的 then joined Teach For America as Chief Financial Officer可知，作者辞职了（resign），加入了“为美国而教“组织担任首席财务官。retire退休；hesitate犹豫；Insist坚持。
13. B【解析】根据下文出现的 life-changing、Important、I learned that 可知，作者很感激（grateful）有了这样一次机会。
14. D【解析】根据上文的 life-changing opportunity和下文作者的感悟可知，作者辞职加入“为美国而教”组织是非常重要的一步(step)。
15. C【解析】根据上文可知，作者大学毕业后在银行做了一名金融分析师，几年后，作者辞去工作，加入“为美国而教”组织，目的是帮助他人。通过这件事作者明白了努力争取职业。
（professional）幸福通常与经济上的收获关系不大，而与在工作中找到激情有更大关系。traditional传统的；spiritual精神的；fundamental基本的，根本的。
三、语法填空
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。众所周知，选择职业很重要，毕竟我们一生中的大部分时间都花在工作上。文章介绍了选择职业的方法。
1. changed【解析】考查过去分词。此处为 have sth. done结构，careers与 change之间为被动关系，因此使用 change的过去分词形式。故填 changed。
2. currently【解析】考查副词。句中需用副词作状语修饰动词have。故填 currently。
3. getting/to get【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这种情况下，获得职业指导非常重要。不定式作主语常表示具体的某一动作；动名词作主语表示泛指的、一般的抽象概念。根据本句话的语境，使用动名词和动词不定式均可。故填getting或 to get。
4. is【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，该句为主系表结构，此处指选择职业的第一步是了解你自己，描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语是 The first step in choosing a career，故填is。
5. and【解析】考查并列连词。句意：做这件事最好的方法是进行一次个性测试，并且在互联网上可免费测试。空格前后是两个完整的句子，且内容是并列关系。故填and。
6. websites【解析】考查名词的数。website是可数名词，此处和centers为并列成分，故用复数名词 websites。
7. suitable【解析】考查形容词。此处指这条职业道路是否适合你。be suitable for sb.适合某人。
8. which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 universal skills，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。
9. is spent【解析】考查时态和语态。此处指我们生命中大部分时间都花在工作上。此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。most of the time in our lives作原因状语从句的主语，与 spend之间为被动关系，故填 is spent。
10. to【解析】考查介词。句意：因此，把兴趣和爱好投入职业中总会（让你）找到最好的工作。短语 lead to意为“引起，导致，造成”。故填to。
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