人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 5 Launching Your Career单元过关测试（含解析）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 5 Launching Your Career单元过关测试（含解析） |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-15 12:58:33 | ||
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Unit5单元过关检测
第一部分 阅读
[共两节, 满分50分]
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
(2020·浙江卷) Challenging work that requires lots of analytical thinking, planning and other managerial skills might help your brain stay sharp as you age, a study published Wednesday in the journal Neurology suggests.
Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1, 000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests. Then, for eight years, the scientists asked the same group to come back to the lab every 18 months to take the same sorts of tests.
Those who had held mentally stimulating (刺激), demanding jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests. And they tended to lose cognitive (认知) function at a much slower rate than those with the least mentally challenging jobs. The results held true even after the scientists accounted for the participants overall health status.
“This works just like physical exercise,” says Francisca Then, who led the study. After a long run, you may feel like you’re in pain, you may feel tired. But it makes you fit. After a long day at work-sure, you will feel tired, but it can help tour brain stay healthy. ”
It’s not just corporate jobs, or even paid work that can help keep your brain fit, Then points out. A waiter’s job, for example, that requires multitasking, teamwork and decision making could be just as stimulating as any high-level office work. And “running a family household requires high-level planning and coordinating (协调) , ”she says. “You have to organize the activities of the children and take care of the bills and groceries. ”
Of course, our brains can decline as we grow older for lots of reasons-including other environmental influences or genetic factors. Still, continuing to challenge yourself mentally and keeping your mind busy can only help.
( )1. why did the scientists ask the volunteers to take the tests？
A. To assess their health status.
B. To evaluate their work habits.
C. To analyze their personality.
D. To measure their mental ability.
( )2. How does Francisca Then explain her findings in paragraph 4？
A. By using an expert’s words.
B. By making a comparison.
C. By referring to another study.
D. By introducing a concept.
( )3. Which of the following is the best title for the text？
A. Retired Workers Can Pick Up New Skills
B. Old People Should Take Challenging Jobs
C. Your Tough Job Might Help Keep You Sharp
D. Cognitive Function May Decline As You Age
B
(2020·新高考全国I卷) Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursueher goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelors degree.
Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the rm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition (学费) because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.
Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves nursing She chose the Uw-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.
Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed (牺牲) to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to studly. Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers, n she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family-and that’s pretty powerful.
( )4. What did Jennifer do after high school
A. She helped her dad with his work.
B. She ran the family farm on her own.
C. She supported herself through college.
D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home.
( )5. Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Josephs Hospital in Marshfield
A. To take care of her kids easily.
B. To learn from the best nurses.
C. To save money for her parents.
D. To find a well-paid job there.
( )6. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal
A. Her health.
B. Her time with family.
C. Her reputation.
D Her chance of promotion.
( )7. What can we learn from Jennifer’s story
A. Time is money.
B. Love breaks down barriers.
C. Hard work pays off.
D. Education is the key to success.
C
Like many new graduates, I left university full of hope for the future but with no real idea of what I wanted to do My degree, with honors, in English literature had not really prepared me for anything practical. I knew I wanted to make a difference in the world somehow but I had no idea how to do that. That’s when I learned about the Lighthouse Project.
I started my journey as a Lighthouse Project volunteer byding as much as I could about the experiences of previous volunteers I knew it would be a lot of hard work and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time. In short, I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly. Neither did my family.
Eventually, however, I won the support of my family and I sent in all the paperwork needed for application. After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone. Several months later, I finally received a call asking me to report for duty. I would be going to a small village near Abuja, Nigeria Where What Nigeria I had no idea. But I was about to find out.
After completing my training, I was sent to the village that was small and desperately in need of proper accommodation Though the local villagers were poor, they offered their homes, hearts, and food as if I were their own family. I was asked to lead a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse. For the next year or so, I taught in that same schoolhouse. But I sometimes think I learned more from my students than they did from me.
Sometime during that period, I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or unusual to me no longer did, though I did not get anywhere with the local language, Andi returned to the United States a different man. The Lighthouse Project had changed my life forever.
( )8. What do we know about the author
A. His university education focused on theoretical knowledge.
B. His dream at university was to become a volunteer.
C. He took pride in having contributed to the world.
D. He felt honored to study English literature.
( )9. According to Paragraph 2, it is most likely that the author ________.
A. discussed his decision with his family.
B asked previous volunteers about voluntary work.
C. attended special training to perform difficult tasks.
D felt sad about having to leave his family and friends.
( )10. In his application for the volunteer job, the author ________.
A participated in many discussions
B. went through challenging survival tests
C wrote quite a few papers on voluntary work
D. faced strong competition from other candidates
( )11. What can we infer from the authors experiences in Nigeria
A. He found some difficulty adapting to the local culture.
B. He had learned to communicate in the local language.
C. He had overcome all his weaknesses before he left for home.
D. He was chosen as the most respectable teacher by his students.
D
(2016·天津卷) Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone, not in features but in footsteps. As he grows you also age, and your ambitions become more unachievable You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish what you hoped for. But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions.
My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten Science projects waited until the last moment. Book reports weren’t written until the final threat.
I’ve been a newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a university graduate working toward her masters degree in English But Jody？when he entered the tenth grade he became a “vo-tech”student (技校学生) . They’re called “motorhead” by the rest of the student body.
When a secretary in my office first called him “motorhead” I was shocked. “Hey, he’s a good kid,” I wanted to say. “And smart, really.”
I learned later that motorhead are, indeed. different They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work clothes And they don’t often make school honor rolls (光荣榜).
But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education. We who labor in clean shirts in offices don’t have the abilities that motorhead have. I began to learn this when I had my car crashed. The cost to repair it was estimated at $800.
“Hey, I can fix it,” said Jody. I doubted it, but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose.
My son, with other motorhead, fixed the car. They got parts (零件) from a junkyard, and ability from vo-tech classes The cost was 25 instead of $800.
Since that first repair job, a broken air-conditioner, a non functioning washer and a non-toasting toaster have been fixed Neighbors and co-workers trust their car repairs to him.
These kids are happiest when doing repairs. They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world. And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.
I have learned a lot from my motorhead publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. Most important, I have learned that fathers don’t need clones in footsteps or anywhere else.
My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine.
( )12. What used to be the author’s hope for his son
A. To avoid becoming his clone.
B. To resemble him in appearance.
C. To develop in a different direction.
D. To reach the authors unachieved goals.
( )13. The author let his son repair the car because he believed that ________.
A. his son had the ability to fix it.
B. it would save him much time.
C. it wouldn’t cause him any more loss.
D other motorhead would come to help.
( )14. In the author’s eyes, motorhead are ________.
A. tidy and hardworking..
B. cheerful and smart.
C. lazy but bright.
D. relaxed but rude.
( )15. What did the author realize in the end？
A. It is unwise to expect your child to follow your path.
B. It is important for one to make the honor roll.
C. Architects play a more important role than builders.
D. Motorheads have greater ability than office workers.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2017·全国Ⅱ卷) Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done. 16 there are several ways to handle things. Lets take a look at them now.
17 . Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.
When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then. 18 . It can help to eliminate (消除) future Interruptions.
When you need to talk to someone, don’t do it in your own office. 19 , it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.
If you have a door to your office, make good use of it 20 . If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter excuse yourself and let the person know you’ re busy so they can get the hint (暗示) that when the door is closed, you’ re not to be disturbed.
A. If you re busy, don t feel bad about saying no
B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work
C. Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goes
D. If you’ re in the other persons office or in a public area
E. It’s important that you let them know when you available
F. It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you
G. Leave it open when you’ re available to talk and close it when you’ re not
第二部分 语言运用
[共两节, 满分30分]
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2020·全国Ⅲ卷改编) As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, 21 can also drive you mad. They’ll come rushing in, saying their handbags been stolen. They’l1 22 that they left it in the changing room, create havoc (混乱) and then 23 it had been in their car all the time. They’ll have out half the 24 in the shop, and want the only style you don’t have left in a 25 color. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep 26 .
I remember the first really difficult customer we had at Covent Garden. She was 27 absolutely everything nothing was right and I was rather surprised that she became a regular. After a while, she 28 for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a fat 29 and since shed found it too much to cope with (应对) , she’d taken it out on 30 people.
That taught me a valuable 31 and I pass it on to the people who work in the market. Don’t take it 32 If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. Maybe her child’s not 33 .” Always water it down and don’t let your ego (自我) get 34 If you do, you wont be able to handle it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 35 everyone’s day.
( )21. A. shopkeepers B. customers
C. salespersons D. receptionists
( )22. A. agree B. promise C. imagine D. swear
( )23. A. forget B. decide C. discover D. assume
( )24. A. foods B. catalogues C. belongings D. goods
( )25. A. particular B. different C. matching D. natural
( )26. A. fighting B. smiling C. waiting D. changing
( )27. A. curious about B. displeased with
C. patient with D. uncertain about
( )28. A. searched B. argued C. prayed D. apologized
( )29. A. by chance B. by herself C. on purpose D. on duty
( )30. A. rude B. such C. other D lonely
( )31. A. lesson B. trick C. skill D. trade
( )32. A. kindly B. secretly C. personally D. casual
( )33. A. ready B away C. up D. well
( )34. A. out of sight B. in the way
C. behind the scene D. above the law
( )35. A. ruins B. makes C. starts D. saves
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of 36 (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 37 (achieve) Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 38 (be) often acceptable.
Most of us are more focused 39 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 40 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.
Recent 41 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 42 (regular) Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for
43 while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.
If you find something you love doing outside of the office you’ll be less likely 44 (bring) your work home. It could be anything gardening, cooking, music, sports-but whatever it is, 45 (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
第三部分 写作
[共两节, 满分40分]
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你是李华, 暑假想去一家外资公司兼职, 已写好申请书和个人简历 (resume) 。给外教 Ms. Jenkins写一封信, 请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式 (format) 。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
These days our society develops rapidly and forces people to rush. It appears that people have got used to being in a hurry. However, it’s better for people to take their time and live their life at a slower pace than to hurry to get things done.
The main reason that convinces us to oppose doing work in a hurry is the possibility of doing wrong in a rush. When people do their jobs or take action in a hurry, they cant make a sound decision and probably regret later. As the saying goes Haste makes waste. We should think carefully before making a decision and do our work less quickly. We should not make mistakes by doing work hurriedly.
Slowing down the pace of life helps people enjoy their life better. For example, taking a train to some place certainly will take more time than taking a plane. However, taking a train makes people have enough time to get to know a lot of new friends. Besides, it allows people to fully enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way. On the contrary, being in a hurry will make us lose chances of enjoying our life.
Finally, slower life pace provides better health condition for us. As is known to all, taking action in a hurry bothers people and raises their stress. People think if they are not in a hurry, they will become a loser and that annoys them. But being in a hurry can hurt people both physically and mentally According to some studies, people who have a slower pace suffer fewer diseases, tend to be happier and live much longer than those whose life is tense even if the former finish work more slowly than the latter.
In short, working quickly may bring about more material benefits to make our society more advanced. Yet, much stress cant bring enjoyment, friends and health, which are much more important than money and other material advantages Therefore, take your time and live your life at a slower pace
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现, 从事需要大量分析思维、计划和其他管理技能的具有挑战性的工作可能会帮助人们的大脑随着年龄的増长而保持敏锐。本文在考查学生阅读理解能力的同时, 体现了关注智力锻炼及倡导健康、安全意识的理念。
1. D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话“Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1, 000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests. ”可知, 德国莱比锡大学的研究人员召集了1000多名75岁以上的退休雇员, 通过一系列测试评估了志愿者的记忆力和思维能力memory and thinking skills“记忆力和思维能力”属于人的心智能力, D项“来评估他们的心智能力”符合题目要求
2. B推理判断题。第四段从内容上讲可以分为两部分。“‘This works just like physical exercise, says Francisca Then, who led the study. After a long run, you may feel like you’re in pain, you may feel tired. But it makes you fit. ’”这部分介绍了体育锻炼给身体健康带来的好处。而“After a long day at work-sure, you will feel tired, but it can help your brain stay healthy. ”这部分介绍了一整天富有挑战性的脑力工作给大脑带来的好处,由此可知, Francisca Then是通过对比的方式来解释她的发现的。
3. C主旨大意题。本文是“总一分”结构, 文章第一段提到了从事需要大量分析思维、计划和其他管理技能的具有挑战性的工作可能会帮助人们的大脑随着年龄的增长而保持敏锐, 接下来的几段分别就研究人员所进行过的测试和得出的结论进行了介绍和说明。C项“棘手的工作可能会帮助你保持思维敏捷”体现了文章的主旨。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。从小在农场长大的詹妮弗高中毕业后一边工作一边读技术学院, 还供家中弟弟妹妹上学, 成家后又重返校园攻读学位。她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩毕业, 还给家人, 尤其是她的三个孩子树立了榜样, 让他们得到了激励。
4. C推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词 after high school可直接定位到第二段第三句。根据本句内容可知, 詹妮弗高中毕业后上了当地的一所技术学院, 因为家里没有多余的钱供她上大学, 所以她自己工作挣钱支付学费, 故选C项“她自食其力读完了大学”。
5. A细节理解题。根据题干中的 Ministry Saint Joseph’s Hospital可定位到第三段。根据本段第三句中的 because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home以及第四句“She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. 可知, 詹妮弗选择这个项目是因为离家近, 这样便于她照顾
孩子。
6. B细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Jennifer sacrificed to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study:”可知, 詹妮弗为了实现目标, 牺牲了很多夜晚陪伴孩子的时光, 错过了很多重要的活动, 故B项“她和家人在一起的时光”与原文意思相符。
7. C主旨大意题。文章讲述了詹妮弗一边工作一边读完技术学院, 还供弟弟妹妹上学, 成家后又重返校园, 最后成功取得学位的故事。C项“努力就会有回报”符合文意。A项“时间就是金钱”、B项“爱能打破障碍”和D项“教育是成功的关键”均不符合文意。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者做志愿者的经历。刚毕业的那段时间, 作者不知道自己何去何从, 后来在家人的支持下参加了志愿者服务活动, 并从中收获了许多。
8. A细节理解题。由第一段中的¨ My degree, with honors, in English literature had not really prepared me for anything practical. ”可以知道, 作者认为自己在大学里学的是理论的东西, 并不实用。作者毕业时不知道要干什么, 所以排除B项；C项并不能从文中推断得出, 也可排除；D项偷换概念, with honors指以优异成绩毕业, 与 felt honored (感到荣幸) 无关。
9. A推理判断题。由第二段中的“In short, I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly. Neither did my family. 可以知道, 作者与家人商量了他的决定。由第二段中的“by reading as much as. 可以知道, 作者尽可能多地阅读了以前的志愿者的经历, 而不是询间他们有关志愿服务的事情, 故可排除B项；文中第二段未提及C项内容；由第二段中的“I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time可以知道, 作者将会离开家人和朋友很长时间, 但未提及其为此感到伤心, 故排除D项
10. D推理判断题。由第三段中的“After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone. "可以知道, 竞争非常激烈, 只有作者人入选。A项“参与许多讨论”文中未提及；B项偷换概念, 文中指从测试中挺了过来, 而不是生存测试；C项 papers (论文) 不等于 paperwork (资料) , 故均可排除。
11. A推理判断题。由最后一段中的“…. all those things that had seemed so strange or unusual to me no longer did. ”可以知道, 作者在适应当地文化方面遇到了一些困难。文章没有讲到作者克服了自己所有的弱点, 因此排除C项；由最后一段也可以知道, 作者并没有学会用当地语言交流, 故排除B项；D项文中没有提及。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。作者的儿子在学校里不是优秀学
生, 最后成了一名修车工, 这并不是作者希望他走的路。但是作者通过让儿子给自已修车的经历意识到：在学校里是优秀学生并不是那么重要, 让孩子追随父亲的足迹也是不明智的。
12. D推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish what you hoped for. ："可知, 作者原先希望儿子实现自己未能实现的目标, 故D项正确。根据文章第一段第一句“Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone. . ”可知, A项不正确；文章未提及作者希望儿子跟自己在外表上相像, 排除B项；根据第1段最后一句“But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions. 可知, 作者不希望儿子跟自己的人生方向不一样, 排除C项。
13. C细节理解题。由第六段的“. but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose:"可知, 让儿子修车不会给自己带来任何损失, 故C项正确。根据第六段的“I doubted it. . ”可知, 作者怀疑儿子修车的能力, 排除A项；文章没有提到让儿子修车会节省时以及别的技工会来帮他, 故排除B、D两项。
14. B细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第一句“These kids are happiest when doing repairs. ”可知, 这些孩子是快乐的；由第二句“They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world. "可知这些孩子在他们自己的世界里是放松的；由第三句“And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes. "可知, 尽管他们的手和衣服很脏, 但是他们的头脑是聪明的。由此可知, 在作者看来, 这些孩子 hardworking, cheerful, mart (bright) 和 relaxed, 故选B项。
15. A推理判断题。由倒数第二段最后一句话“Most important, I have learned that fathers don’t need clones in footsteps or anywhere else. "可知, 作者最后意识到, 让自己的孩子追随你的足迹是不明智的, 故选A项；根据最后一段“My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine. ”可知, 作者现在认为在学校里是优秀学生不重要了, 排除B项；由倒数第二段的“…publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. "可知, 并不是说谁比谁重要而是各行各业都需要专业人才, 故排除C、D两项。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何避免工作时受到打扰提出了几点建议。
16. B空格后说“有几种方法来处理这些情况”, B项“当你想在工作中避免受到打扰时”与上下文衔接紧密, 故为答案。
17. A设空处位于段首, 根据后文提到的告诉对方你很抱歉、向对方解释你有很多事情要做以及另约时间可知, 本段是讲述在自己很忙的时候不要不好意思拒绝, 故选A项。
18. E空格前说¨“当人们试图打扰你时, 你要确定好时间, 让他们知道什么时候回来找你或者你去找他们”, 空格后说“这样做能帮你消除未来受到打扰的可能”, E项“让他们知道你什么时候有空非常重要”与上下文衔接紧密, 故为答案。
19. D空格前的 in your own office与D项中的 in the other person’s office相对应。D项“如果你在别人的办公室或者公共区域”与空格后的内容衔接紧密, 故为答案。
20. G根据空格前的“如果你的办公室有门, 那么就好好利用它”可知, 本段主要讲述如何利用办公室的门来避免受到打扰, 故选G项。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。商店工作人员经常会遇到难对付的顾客, 作者通过自己的经历感悟到店员应该正确对待这类顾客, 体谅并善待他们。
21. B上下文语境题。根据上一句可知作者非常关心顾客, 下文举例说明了顾客的一些挑剔行为, 结合but可知, 此处是指顾客 (customer) 有时也会让人抓狂。shopkeeper店主；salesperson售货员；receptionist接待员。
22. D上下文语境题。结合语境, 顾客既然认为手提包被偷, 他们应该会信誓旦旦地说 (swear) 他们的手提包就放在更衣室了。agree同意；promise许诺；Imagine想象。
23. C上文语境题。承接上文, 此处是指顾客最后发现 (discover) 手提包一直放在车里。forget忘记；decide决定；assume假定。
24. D上下文语境题。此处谈论的是在商店里发生的顾客挑剔商品的行为, 他们让店员拿出店里一半的商品 (goods) 来选择。food食物；catalogue目录；belongings财产, 所有物。
25. A上文语境题。根据上文的 want the only style可知, 店员拿出很多商品, 但他们想要店里没有的特定 (particular) 颜色的。different不同的；matching相同的, 相配的；natural自然的26. B上文语境题。根据上文中的 upset可知, 顾客的这种做法让店员感到恼火, 用but说明作者的意图是让他们保持良好的态度, 也就是要保持微笑 (smile) 。fight打架；wait等待；change改变。
27. B下文语境题。根据下文的 nothing was right可知, 这位顾客对切都不满意 (be displeased with) 。be curious about对好奇；be patient with对……有耐心；be uncertain about对不确定。
28. D下文语境题。根据下文她解释的原因可知, 此处是指她为她一开始的行为道歉 (apologize) o search寻找, 搜寻；argue争论争吵；pray祈祷, 祈求。
29. B上文语境题。根据上文 split up with her husband可知, 她和丈夫离婚了, 独自 (by herself) 住在公寓里。by chance偶然地on purpose故意地；on duty值日。
30. C上文语境题。她面对离婚和其他过多的压力, 难免会情绪不好, 因而迁怒于其他 (other) 人。此处 take it out on表示“迁怒于拿……出气”。
31. A下文语境题。结合下文作者的认识可知, 这件事给作者上了宝贵的一课 (lesson) teach sb. a lesson表示“给某人一个教训。
32. C下文语境题。根据下文可知, 这些难应付的顾客可能有其他原因, 店员不要太在意。take sth. personally意为“认为某事针对自己而不悦”。kindly体贴地；secretly秘密地；casually随意地。
33. D上文语境题。此句与上文的“Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. (或许她和丈夫吵了一架) ”相呼应, 是说或许她的孩子身体不适 (wel1) , 此处well是形容词, 意为“身体好的”。
34. B上文语境题。根据上文可知, 顾客可能是因为自身遇到各种麻烦才变得挑剔, 所以作者指出店员需要注意不能让个人的情绪妨碍 (in the way) 交流和沟通, 要去理解顾客。out of sight看不见；behind the scene在幕后；above the law凌驾于法律之上。
35. A上文语境题。根据上文的 an unpleasant scene可知, 遇到这种难处理的情况, 处理不好会导致不愉快的场面, 将会毁掉 (ruin)
大家的一天。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。如果在工作中感觉压力很大, 你不妨先后退一步, 把手头的工作分一下轻重缓急, 优先处理最重要的工作, 这样你就能获得一种成就感。关于减少工作压力的方法以及工作的技巧, 作者还提出了不少建议, 大家快读一下吧
36. greater考査形容词比较等级。and连接并列成分, 由and后的less可知, 空格处也要用形容词的比较级。great的比较级是greater。
37. achievement考查词性转换之动词变为名词。介词of后要用名词形式, achieve的名词是 achievement。
38. is考查时态和主谓一致。单个的动名词短语 leaving…作主语谓语动词要用单数形式, 又因为文章主体时态是一般现在时, 故填is
39. on考查介词。focus on集中于, 聚焦于, 是固定搭配。句意：我们大多数人在上午比在一天的晚些时候更能集中精力工作。
40. as考查连词。as. as possible意为“尽可能………”, 是固定句式句意：因此, 早点儿开始, 在午餐前尽可能高效。
41. studies考查名词复数。谓语动词为show, 故空格处应填 study的复数形式 studies。
42. regularly考查词性转换之形容词变为副词。空格处修饰动词短语 take short breaks, 故用副词。regular的副词形式是 regularly。
43. a考查冠词。for a while片刻, 一会儿, 是固定搭配。
44. to bring考查动词不定式。be likely to do sth. 可能做某事。句意如果你发现在办公室之外有喜欢做的事情, 你把工作带回家的可能性就小了。
45. make考查祈使句。分析破折号后的句子结构可知, whatever引导让步状语从句, make sure. . 部分是主句。这里用动词原形开头构成祈使句
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Ms. Jenkins,
I want to tell you something about my plan for the summer vacation and Id like you to do me a favor.
To get some working experience, I plan to find a part-time job in reign capital company. I have already finished my job application form and personal resume. However, my English is poor. Worse still I don’t know much about the word and format of the enclosure. So I’m writing you a letter, hoping to get your guidance and suggestions. You can correct any mistakes you find in them.
Looking forward to your reply. And I’d be really thankful
第二节 One possible version:
Despite being accustomed to the fast pace in modern society, people are recommended to lead a slower life. (要点1) Firstly, slowing down lowers the possibility of committing errors by comprehensive thinking (要点2) Secondly, more opportunities to enjoy life are allowed by a slower pace. (要点3) Lastly, better health condition is also what a slower life brings (要点4) Therefore, let’s live a slower life from now on.(要点5)
20 / 20
第一部分 阅读
[共两节, 满分50分]
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
(2020·浙江卷) Challenging work that requires lots of analytical thinking, planning and other managerial skills might help your brain stay sharp as you age, a study published Wednesday in the journal Neurology suggests.
Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1, 000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests. Then, for eight years, the scientists asked the same group to come back to the lab every 18 months to take the same sorts of tests.
Those who had held mentally stimulating (刺激), demanding jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests. And they tended to lose cognitive (认知) function at a much slower rate than those with the least mentally challenging jobs. The results held true even after the scientists accounted for the participants overall health status.
“This works just like physical exercise,” says Francisca Then, who led the study. After a long run, you may feel like you’re in pain, you may feel tired. But it makes you fit. After a long day at work-sure, you will feel tired, but it can help tour brain stay healthy. ”
It’s not just corporate jobs, or even paid work that can help keep your brain fit, Then points out. A waiter’s job, for example, that requires multitasking, teamwork and decision making could be just as stimulating as any high-level office work. And “running a family household requires high-level planning and coordinating (协调) , ”she says. “You have to organize the activities of the children and take care of the bills and groceries. ”
Of course, our brains can decline as we grow older for lots of reasons-including other environmental influences or genetic factors. Still, continuing to challenge yourself mentally and keeping your mind busy can only help.
( )1. why did the scientists ask the volunteers to take the tests？
A. To assess their health status.
B. To evaluate their work habits.
C. To analyze their personality.
D. To measure their mental ability.
( )2. How does Francisca Then explain her findings in paragraph 4？
A. By using an expert’s words.
B. By making a comparison.
C. By referring to another study.
D. By introducing a concept.
( )3. Which of the following is the best title for the text？
A. Retired Workers Can Pick Up New Skills
B. Old People Should Take Challenging Jobs
C. Your Tough Job Might Help Keep You Sharp
D. Cognitive Function May Decline As You Age
B
(2020·新高考全国I卷) Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursueher goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelors degree.
Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the rm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition (学费) because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.
Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves nursing She chose the Uw-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.
Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed (牺牲) to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to studly. Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers, n she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family-and that’s pretty powerful.
( )4. What did Jennifer do after high school
A. She helped her dad with his work.
B. She ran the family farm on her own.
C. She supported herself through college.
D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home.
( )5. Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Josephs Hospital in Marshfield
A. To take care of her kids easily.
B. To learn from the best nurses.
C. To save money for her parents.
D. To find a well-paid job there.
( )6. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal
A. Her health.
B. Her time with family.
C. Her reputation.
D Her chance of promotion.
( )7. What can we learn from Jennifer’s story
A. Time is money.
B. Love breaks down barriers.
C. Hard work pays off.
D. Education is the key to success.
C
Like many new graduates, I left university full of hope for the future but with no real idea of what I wanted to do My degree, with honors, in English literature had not really prepared me for anything practical. I knew I wanted to make a difference in the world somehow but I had no idea how to do that. That’s when I learned about the Lighthouse Project.
I started my journey as a Lighthouse Project volunteer byding as much as I could about the experiences of previous volunteers I knew it would be a lot of hard work and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time. In short, I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly. Neither did my family.
Eventually, however, I won the support of my family and I sent in all the paperwork needed for application. After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone. Several months later, I finally received a call asking me to report for duty. I would be going to a small village near Abuja, Nigeria Where What Nigeria I had no idea. But I was about to find out.
After completing my training, I was sent to the village that was small and desperately in need of proper accommodation Though the local villagers were poor, they offered their homes, hearts, and food as if I were their own family. I was asked to lead a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse. For the next year or so, I taught in that same schoolhouse. But I sometimes think I learned more from my students than they did from me.
Sometime during that period, I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or unusual to me no longer did, though I did not get anywhere with the local language, Andi returned to the United States a different man. The Lighthouse Project had changed my life forever.
( )8. What do we know about the author
A. His university education focused on theoretical knowledge.
B. His dream at university was to become a volunteer.
C. He took pride in having contributed to the world.
D. He felt honored to study English literature.
( )9. According to Paragraph 2, it is most likely that the author ________.
A. discussed his decision with his family.
B asked previous volunteers about voluntary work.
C. attended special training to perform difficult tasks.
D felt sad about having to leave his family and friends.
( )10. In his application for the volunteer job, the author ________.
A participated in many discussions
B. went through challenging survival tests
C wrote quite a few papers on voluntary work
D. faced strong competition from other candidates
( )11. What can we infer from the authors experiences in Nigeria
A. He found some difficulty adapting to the local culture.
B. He had learned to communicate in the local language.
C. He had overcome all his weaknesses before he left for home.
D. He was chosen as the most respectable teacher by his students.
D
(2016·天津卷) Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone, not in features but in footsteps. As he grows you also age, and your ambitions become more unachievable You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish what you hoped for. But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions.
My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten Science projects waited until the last moment. Book reports weren’t written until the final threat.
I’ve been a newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a university graduate working toward her masters degree in English But Jody？when he entered the tenth grade he became a “vo-tech”student (技校学生) . They’re called “motorhead” by the rest of the student body.
When a secretary in my office first called him “motorhead” I was shocked. “Hey, he’s a good kid,” I wanted to say. “And smart, really.”
I learned later that motorhead are, indeed. different They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work clothes And they don’t often make school honor rolls (光荣榜).
But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education. We who labor in clean shirts in offices don’t have the abilities that motorhead have. I began to learn this when I had my car crashed. The cost to repair it was estimated at $800.
“Hey, I can fix it,” said Jody. I doubted it, but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose.
My son, with other motorhead, fixed the car. They got parts (零件) from a junkyard, and ability from vo-tech classes The cost was 25 instead of $800.
Since that first repair job, a broken air-conditioner, a non functioning washer and a non-toasting toaster have been fixed Neighbors and co-workers trust their car repairs to him.
These kids are happiest when doing repairs. They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world. And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.
I have learned a lot from my motorhead publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. Most important, I have learned that fathers don’t need clones in footsteps or anywhere else.
My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine.
( )12. What used to be the author’s hope for his son
A. To avoid becoming his clone.
B. To resemble him in appearance.
C. To develop in a different direction.
D. To reach the authors unachieved goals.
( )13. The author let his son repair the car because he believed that ________.
A. his son had the ability to fix it.
B. it would save him much time.
C. it wouldn’t cause him any more loss.
D other motorhead would come to help.
( )14. In the author’s eyes, motorhead are ________.
A. tidy and hardworking..
B. cheerful and smart.
C. lazy but bright.
D. relaxed but rude.
( )15. What did the author realize in the end？
A. It is unwise to expect your child to follow your path.
B. It is important for one to make the honor roll.
C. Architects play a more important role than builders.
D. Motorheads have greater ability than office workers.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2017·全国Ⅱ卷) Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done. 16 there are several ways to handle things. Lets take a look at them now.
17 . Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.
When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then. 18 . It can help to eliminate (消除) future Interruptions.
When you need to talk to someone, don’t do it in your own office. 19 , it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.
If you have a door to your office, make good use of it 20 . If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter excuse yourself and let the person know you’ re busy so they can get the hint (暗示) that when the door is closed, you’ re not to be disturbed.
A. If you re busy, don t feel bad about saying no
B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work
C. Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goes
D. If you’ re in the other persons office or in a public area
E. It’s important that you let them know when you available
F. It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you
G. Leave it open when you’ re available to talk and close it when you’ re not
第二部分 语言运用
[共两节, 满分30分]
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2020·全国Ⅲ卷改编) As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, 21 can also drive you mad. They’ll come rushing in, saying their handbags been stolen. They’l1 22 that they left it in the changing room, create havoc (混乱) and then 23 it had been in their car all the time. They’ll have out half the 24 in the shop, and want the only style you don’t have left in a 25 color. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep 26 .
I remember the first really difficult customer we had at Covent Garden. She was 27 absolutely everything nothing was right and I was rather surprised that she became a regular. After a while, she 28 for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a fat 29 and since shed found it too much to cope with (应对) , she’d taken it out on 30 people.
That taught me a valuable 31 and I pass it on to the people who work in the market. Don’t take it 32 If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. Maybe her child’s not 33 .” Always water it down and don’t let your ego (自我) get 34 If you do, you wont be able to handle it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 35 everyone’s day.
( )21. A. shopkeepers B. customers
C. salespersons D. receptionists
( )22. A. agree B. promise C. imagine D. swear
( )23. A. forget B. decide C. discover D. assume
( )24. A. foods B. catalogues C. belongings D. goods
( )25. A. particular B. different C. matching D. natural
( )26. A. fighting B. smiling C. waiting D. changing
( )27. A. curious about B. displeased with
C. patient with D. uncertain about
( )28. A. searched B. argued C. prayed D. apologized
( )29. A. by chance B. by herself C. on purpose D. on duty
( )30. A. rude B. such C. other D lonely
( )31. A. lesson B. trick C. skill D. trade
( )32. A. kindly B. secretly C. personally D. casual
( )33. A. ready B away C. up D. well
( )34. A. out of sight B. in the way
C. behind the scene D. above the law
( )35. A. ruins B. makes C. starts D. saves
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of 36 (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 37 (achieve) Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 38 (be) often acceptable.
Most of us are more focused 39 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 40 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.
Recent 41 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 42 (regular) Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for
43 while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.
If you find something you love doing outside of the office you’ll be less likely 44 (bring) your work home. It could be anything gardening, cooking, music, sports-but whatever it is, 45 (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
第三部分 写作
[共两节, 满分40分]
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你是李华, 暑假想去一家外资公司兼职, 已写好申请书和个人简历 (resume) 。给外教 Ms. Jenkins写一封信, 请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式 (format) 。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
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第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
These days our society develops rapidly and forces people to rush. It appears that people have got used to being in a hurry. However, it’s better for people to take their time and live their life at a slower pace than to hurry to get things done.
The main reason that convinces us to oppose doing work in a hurry is the possibility of doing wrong in a rush. When people do their jobs or take action in a hurry, they cant make a sound decision and probably regret later. As the saying goes Haste makes waste. We should think carefully before making a decision and do our work less quickly. We should not make mistakes by doing work hurriedly.
Slowing down the pace of life helps people enjoy their life better. For example, taking a train to some place certainly will take more time than taking a plane. However, taking a train makes people have enough time to get to know a lot of new friends. Besides, it allows people to fully enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way. On the contrary, being in a hurry will make us lose chances of enjoying our life.
Finally, slower life pace provides better health condition for us. As is known to all, taking action in a hurry bothers people and raises their stress. People think if they are not in a hurry, they will become a loser and that annoys them. But being in a hurry can hurt people both physically and mentally According to some studies, people who have a slower pace suffer fewer diseases, tend to be happier and live much longer than those whose life is tense even if the former finish work more slowly than the latter.
In short, working quickly may bring about more material benefits to make our society more advanced. Yet, much stress cant bring enjoyment, friends and health, which are much more important than money and other material advantages Therefore, take your time and live your life at a slower pace
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答案
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现, 从事需要大量分析思维、计划和其他管理技能的具有挑战性的工作可能会帮助人们的大脑随着年龄的増长而保持敏锐。本文在考查学生阅读理解能力的同时, 体现了关注智力锻炼及倡导健康、安全意识的理念。
1. D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话“Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1, 000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests. ”可知, 德国莱比锡大学的研究人员召集了1000多名75岁以上的退休雇员, 通过一系列测试评估了志愿者的记忆力和思维能力memory and thinking skills“记忆力和思维能力”属于人的心智能力, D项“来评估他们的心智能力”符合题目要求
2. B推理判断题。第四段从内容上讲可以分为两部分。“‘This works just like physical exercise, says Francisca Then, who led the study. After a long run, you may feel like you’re in pain, you may feel tired. But it makes you fit. ’”这部分介绍了体育锻炼给身体健康带来的好处。而“After a long day at work-sure, you will feel tired, but it can help your brain stay healthy. ”这部分介绍了一整天富有挑战性的脑力工作给大脑带来的好处,由此可知, Francisca Then是通过对比的方式来解释她的发现的。
3. C主旨大意题。本文是“总一分”结构, 文章第一段提到了从事需要大量分析思维、计划和其他管理技能的具有挑战性的工作可能会帮助人们的大脑随着年龄的增长而保持敏锐, 接下来的几段分别就研究人员所进行过的测试和得出的结论进行了介绍和说明。C项“棘手的工作可能会帮助你保持思维敏捷”体现了文章的主旨。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。从小在农场长大的詹妮弗高中毕业后一边工作一边读技术学院, 还供家中弟弟妹妹上学, 成家后又重返校园攻读学位。她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩毕业, 还给家人, 尤其是她的三个孩子树立了榜样, 让他们得到了激励。
4. C推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词 after high school可直接定位到第二段第三句。根据本句内容可知, 詹妮弗高中毕业后上了当地的一所技术学院, 因为家里没有多余的钱供她上大学, 所以她自己工作挣钱支付学费, 故选C项“她自食其力读完了大学”。
5. A细节理解题。根据题干中的 Ministry Saint Joseph’s Hospital可定位到第三段。根据本段第三句中的 because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home以及第四句“She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. 可知, 詹妮弗选择这个项目是因为离家近, 这样便于她照顾
孩子。
6. B细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Jennifer sacrificed to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study:”可知, 詹妮弗为了实现目标, 牺牲了很多夜晚陪伴孩子的时光, 错过了很多重要的活动, 故B项“她和家人在一起的时光”与原文意思相符。
7. C主旨大意题。文章讲述了詹妮弗一边工作一边读完技术学院, 还供弟弟妹妹上学, 成家后又重返校园, 最后成功取得学位的故事。C项“努力就会有回报”符合文意。A项“时间就是金钱”、B项“爱能打破障碍”和D项“教育是成功的关键”均不符合文意。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者做志愿者的经历。刚毕业的那段时间, 作者不知道自己何去何从, 后来在家人的支持下参加了志愿者服务活动, 并从中收获了许多。
8. A细节理解题。由第一段中的¨ My degree, with honors, in English literature had not really prepared me for anything practical. ”可以知道, 作者认为自己在大学里学的是理论的东西, 并不实用。作者毕业时不知道要干什么, 所以排除B项；C项并不能从文中推断得出, 也可排除；D项偷换概念, with honors指以优异成绩毕业, 与 felt honored (感到荣幸) 无关。
9. A推理判断题。由第二段中的“In short, I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly. Neither did my family. 可以知道, 作者与家人商量了他的决定。由第二段中的“by reading as much as. 可以知道, 作者尽可能多地阅读了以前的志愿者的经历, 而不是询间他们有关志愿服务的事情, 故可排除B项；文中第二段未提及C项内容；由第二段中的“I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time可以知道, 作者将会离开家人和朋友很长时间, 但未提及其为此感到伤心, 故排除D项
10. D推理判断题。由第三段中的“After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone. "可以知道, 竞争非常激烈, 只有作者人入选。A项“参与许多讨论”文中未提及；B项偷换概念, 文中指从测试中挺了过来, 而不是生存测试；C项 papers (论文) 不等于 paperwork (资料) , 故均可排除。
11. A推理判断题。由最后一段中的“…. all those things that had seemed so strange or unusual to me no longer did. ”可以知道, 作者在适应当地文化方面遇到了一些困难。文章没有讲到作者克服了自己所有的弱点, 因此排除C项；由最后一段也可以知道, 作者并没有学会用当地语言交流, 故排除B项；D项文中没有提及。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。作者的儿子在学校里不是优秀学
生, 最后成了一名修车工, 这并不是作者希望他走的路。但是作者通过让儿子给自已修车的经历意识到：在学校里是优秀学生并不是那么重要, 让孩子追随父亲的足迹也是不明智的。
12. D推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish what you hoped for. ："可知, 作者原先希望儿子实现自己未能实现的目标, 故D项正确。根据文章第一段第一句“Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone. . ”可知, A项不正确；文章未提及作者希望儿子跟自己在外表上相像, 排除B项；根据第1段最后一句“But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions. 可知, 作者不希望儿子跟自己的人生方向不一样, 排除C项。
13. C细节理解题。由第六段的“. but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose:"可知, 让儿子修车不会给自己带来任何损失, 故C项正确。根据第六段的“I doubted it. . ”可知, 作者怀疑儿子修车的能力, 排除A项；文章没有提到让儿子修车会节省时以及别的技工会来帮他, 故排除B、D两项。
14. B细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第一句“These kids are happiest when doing repairs. ”可知, 这些孩子是快乐的；由第二句“They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world. "可知这些孩子在他们自己的世界里是放松的；由第三句“And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes. "可知, 尽管他们的手和衣服很脏, 但是他们的头脑是聪明的。由此可知, 在作者看来, 这些孩子 hardworking, cheerful, mart (bright) 和 relaxed, 故选B项。
15. A推理判断题。由倒数第二段最后一句话“Most important, I have learned that fathers don’t need clones in footsteps or anywhere else. "可知, 作者最后意识到, 让自己的孩子追随你的足迹是不明智的, 故选A项；根据最后一段“My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine. ”可知, 作者现在认为在学校里是优秀学生不重要了, 排除B项；由倒数第二段的“…publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. "可知, 并不是说谁比谁重要而是各行各业都需要专业人才, 故排除C、D两项。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何避免工作时受到打扰提出了几点建议。
16. B空格后说“有几种方法来处理这些情况”, B项“当你想在工作中避免受到打扰时”与上下文衔接紧密, 故为答案。
17. A设空处位于段首, 根据后文提到的告诉对方你很抱歉、向对方解释你有很多事情要做以及另约时间可知, 本段是讲述在自己很忙的时候不要不好意思拒绝, 故选A项。
18. E空格前说¨“当人们试图打扰你时, 你要确定好时间, 让他们知道什么时候回来找你或者你去找他们”, 空格后说“这样做能帮你消除未来受到打扰的可能”, E项“让他们知道你什么时候有空非常重要”与上下文衔接紧密, 故为答案。
19. D空格前的 in your own office与D项中的 in the other person’s office相对应。D项“如果你在别人的办公室或者公共区域”与空格后的内容衔接紧密, 故为答案。
20. G根据空格前的“如果你的办公室有门, 那么就好好利用它”可知, 本段主要讲述如何利用办公室的门来避免受到打扰, 故选G项。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。商店工作人员经常会遇到难对付的顾客, 作者通过自己的经历感悟到店员应该正确对待这类顾客, 体谅并善待他们。
21. B上下文语境题。根据上一句可知作者非常关心顾客, 下文举例说明了顾客的一些挑剔行为, 结合but可知, 此处是指顾客 (customer) 有时也会让人抓狂。shopkeeper店主；salesperson售货员；receptionist接待员。
22. D上下文语境题。结合语境, 顾客既然认为手提包被偷, 他们应该会信誓旦旦地说 (swear) 他们的手提包就放在更衣室了。agree同意；promise许诺；Imagine想象。
23. C上文语境题。承接上文, 此处是指顾客最后发现 (discover) 手提包一直放在车里。forget忘记；decide决定；assume假定。
24. D上下文语境题。此处谈论的是在商店里发生的顾客挑剔商品的行为, 他们让店员拿出店里一半的商品 (goods) 来选择。food食物；catalogue目录；belongings财产, 所有物。
25. A上文语境题。根据上文的 want the only style可知, 店员拿出很多商品, 但他们想要店里没有的特定 (particular) 颜色的。different不同的；matching相同的, 相配的；natural自然的26. B上文语境题。根据上文中的 upset可知, 顾客的这种做法让店员感到恼火, 用but说明作者的意图是让他们保持良好的态度, 也就是要保持微笑 (smile) 。fight打架；wait等待；change改变。
27. B下文语境题。根据下文的 nothing was right可知, 这位顾客对切都不满意 (be displeased with) 。be curious about对好奇；be patient with对……有耐心；be uncertain about对不确定。
28. D下文语境题。根据下文她解释的原因可知, 此处是指她为她一开始的行为道歉 (apologize) o search寻找, 搜寻；argue争论争吵；pray祈祷, 祈求。
29. B上文语境题。根据上文 split up with her husband可知, 她和丈夫离婚了, 独自 (by herself) 住在公寓里。by chance偶然地on purpose故意地；on duty值日。
30. C上文语境题。她面对离婚和其他过多的压力, 难免会情绪不好, 因而迁怒于其他 (other) 人。此处 take it out on表示“迁怒于拿……出气”。
31. A下文语境题。结合下文作者的认识可知, 这件事给作者上了宝贵的一课 (lesson) teach sb. a lesson表示“给某人一个教训。
32. C下文语境题。根据下文可知, 这些难应付的顾客可能有其他原因, 店员不要太在意。take sth. personally意为“认为某事针对自己而不悦”。kindly体贴地；secretly秘密地；casually随意地。
33. D上文语境题。此句与上文的“Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. (或许她和丈夫吵了一架) ”相呼应, 是说或许她的孩子身体不适 (wel1) , 此处well是形容词, 意为“身体好的”。
34. B上文语境题。根据上文可知, 顾客可能是因为自身遇到各种麻烦才变得挑剔, 所以作者指出店员需要注意不能让个人的情绪妨碍 (in the way) 交流和沟通, 要去理解顾客。out of sight看不见；behind the scene在幕后；above the law凌驾于法律之上。
35. A上文语境题。根据上文的 an unpleasant scene可知, 遇到这种难处理的情况, 处理不好会导致不愉快的场面, 将会毁掉 (ruin)
大家的一天。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。如果在工作中感觉压力很大, 你不妨先后退一步, 把手头的工作分一下轻重缓急, 优先处理最重要的工作, 这样你就能获得一种成就感。关于减少工作压力的方法以及工作的技巧, 作者还提出了不少建议, 大家快读一下吧
36. greater考査形容词比较等级。and连接并列成分, 由and后的less可知, 空格处也要用形容词的比较级。great的比较级是greater。
37. achievement考查词性转换之动词变为名词。介词of后要用名词形式, achieve的名词是 achievement。
38. is考查时态和主谓一致。单个的动名词短语 leaving…作主语谓语动词要用单数形式, 又因为文章主体时态是一般现在时, 故填is
39. on考查介词。focus on集中于, 聚焦于, 是固定搭配。句意：我们大多数人在上午比在一天的晚些时候更能集中精力工作。
40. as考查连词。as. as possible意为“尽可能………”, 是固定句式句意：因此, 早点儿开始, 在午餐前尽可能高效。
41. studies考查名词复数。谓语动词为show, 故空格处应填 study的复数形式 studies。
42. regularly考查词性转换之形容词变为副词。空格处修饰动词短语 take short breaks, 故用副词。regular的副词形式是 regularly。
43. a考查冠词。for a while片刻, 一会儿, 是固定搭配。
44. to bring考查动词不定式。be likely to do sth. 可能做某事。句意如果你发现在办公室之外有喜欢做的事情, 你把工作带回家的可能性就小了。
45. make考查祈使句。分析破折号后的句子结构可知, whatever引导让步状语从句, make sure. . 部分是主句。这里用动词原形开头构成祈使句
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Ms. Jenkins,
I want to tell you something about my plan for the summer vacation and Id like you to do me a favor.
To get some working experience, I plan to find a part-time job in reign capital company. I have already finished my job application form and personal resume. However, my English is poor. Worse still I don’t know much about the word and format of the enclosure. So I’m writing you a letter, hoping to get your guidance and suggestions. You can correct any mistakes you find in them.
Looking forward to your reply. And I’d be really thankful
第二节 One possible version:
Despite being accustomed to the fast pace in modern society, people are recommended to lead a slower life. (要点1) Firstly, slowing down lowers the possibility of committing errors by comprehensive thinking (要点2) Secondly, more opportunities to enjoy life are allowed by a slower pace. (要点3) Lastly, better health condition is also what a slower life brings (要点4) Therefore, let’s live a slower life from now on.(要点5)
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