人教英语八年级下册第一单元知识重点总结+配套同步习题（无答案）

人教英语八年级下册第一单元知识重点总结+配套同步习题
Unit 1 What’s the matter
单元目标
1. 学会谈论健康问题，健康状况（Talk about your health）
2. 能够辨认身体部位。（parts of the body）
3. 能够提供建议（Give advice）
重点词汇
1. head 头
2. neck 颈部
3. back 后背
4. leg 腿
5. arm 手
6. hand 手
7. foot 脚
8. nose 鼻子
9. eye 眼睛
10. ear 耳朵
11. mouth 嘴
12. tooth 牙齿
13. stomach 胃
14. headache头痛
15. toothache牙痛
16. stomachache胃痛
17. fever 发烧
18. backache后背痛
19. sore throat 咽部疼痛
20. tired 累的
21. thirsty 口渴的
22. hungry 饿的
23. dentist 牙医
重点短语
1.have a stomachache 胃痛
2.have a cold 感冒
3.lie down 躺倒
4.take one’s temperature 给某人量体温
5.have a fever 发烧
6.go to a doctor 看医生
7.get off 离开，出发
8.to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是
9.agree to (do sth) 同意做某事
10.get into trouble 陷入麻烦
11.fall down 摔打，
12.thanks to 幸亏，由于
13.in time 及时
14.give up 放弃
15.be interested in 对......感兴趣
16.make a decision 做决定
17.cut off 砍到，切碎
重点句型
1.What’s the matter 怎么了？
2.I have a stomachache. 我胃痛。
3.What should I do 我应该做什么？
4.I think you should lie down and rest. 我认为你应该躺下休息
5.If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow,then go to a doctor. 如果你的头和脖子明天仍然痛，那么去看医生吧。
6.He hurt himself in P.E class. 他在体育课上伤害了自己。
语法难点
情态动词should
(1)should 作情态动词时，表示责任和义务，含义是“应该：应当”，可用于各种人称。
如：What do you think I should do 你认为我应该做些什么？
(2)should 可用来表示推测和估计，常译成“按说应该”。
如：I think she should arrive home by now. 我想她此刻应该回家了。
(3)should 与 how，why，what 等词连用，多表达惊讶、意外等情绪。
如：How should I know 我怎么知道？
高频考点
1. How to talk about our health .
①问某人哪儿不舒服。
When we are not feeling well , we often go to see the doctor . The doctor will ask :
What’s wrong (with you)
What’s the matter (with you)
What’s your trouble
What happens to you
(Is there) anything wrong with you 都表示“你怎么了”。
②叙述病情。
There is something wrong with my tooth . 我的牙出问题了。
Doctor , I’m not feeling well . 我感觉不好，医生。
I feel terrible . 我感觉糟透了。
I feel very ill . 我感觉病得很重。
This place hurts . (I’ve got a pain here) 这个地方疼。
My leg hurts . 我腿疼。
I don’t feel like eating . 我不想吃东西。
I have a cold . 我感冒了。
I have a fever . 我发烧了。
I have a headache . 我头疼。
③处置或提出建议：
1)Open your mouth , please . 张开嘴。
I want to take your temperature . 我想测测你的体温。
2)Take this medicine three times a day . 这个药一天吃三次。
3) Take three pills before you go to bed . 睡前服用三片。
4) You’d better stay in bed till tomorrow . 最好卧床休息到明天。
5) Drink lots of water and have a good rest . 多喝水，好好休息。
6) You should lie down and rest . 卧床多休息。
7) You should drink hot tea with honey . 你应该喝加蜂蜜的热茶。
8) You should see a dentist . 你应该去看牙医。
9) You should go to bed early . 你应该早点上床（休息）。
2. 关于情态动词should
1) 情态动词 should表“建议、应该”，其否定形式为shouldn’t .
它用于所有人称。在其后应为动词原形。
You should wait a little more . 你应该再多等一会儿。
He should tell me about it . 他应该告诉我这件事。
2) 在表示要求、命令时，语气由should（应该）、had better（最好）、must（必须）逐渐加强。
在本单元主要是表建议“应当”或“应该”。
3. have a cold感冒，还可以说get a cold .
我得了重感冒：I have a very bad cold .
在这里cold是名词，因此前边可以加冠词“a”、有时也可以说：
I have got a very bad cold . 或：I have had a very bad cold .
4. He shouldn’t eat anything for 24 hours . 他不应在24小时内吃任何东西。
在这里因为是否定句，因而不用something，而用anything，同some和any的区别一样，something用于肯定句中，而anything用于否定或疑问句中，如：
There’s something wrong with him . 他出问题了，或他病了。
Is there anything I can help 我能帮忙吗？
又如：Do you have any brothers 你有兄弟吗？
I have some good friends . 我有一些朋友。
I never have any fun . 我从没什么乐趣。
never是否定词，因此我们用any，不用some
5.What’s the matter with you 你怎么了？
with是个介词，后边可以跟名词或代词。
What’s the matter with Sonja Sonja怎么了？
6.I am not feeling well .
feel well well表示“好” ，这里不用“good”。
7.She’s tired . 她很累。
tired是个形容词，可以说feel tired感到很累，或说get tired. She feels tired. 或She gets tired .
8.Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of cooling yin and hot yang to be healthy .
传统中医认为我们需要通过阴阳调和来保持健康。
其中a balance of……平衡
keep a balance of保持一个……平衡
如keep a balance of nature保持自然（生态）平衡。
be healthy，keep healthy，stay healthy都是保持健康的意思。
healthy是个形容词，其名词形式为health .
9. on the other hand 另一方面。经常与on (the) one hand一起连用。表示一方面……另一方面……。
如： On one hand we should study hard , on the other hand we should keep healthy .
我们一方面要努力学习，另一方面应该保持身体健康。
10. too much yang in their lives .
too much和too many都表示许多。
too much后接不可数名词，如water , money等。
too many后接可数名词的复数，如students , flowers
lives是名词life的复数形式。
11. It’s important to eat a balanced diet .
吃（营养）平衡的饮食是很重要的。
balanced在此处是形容词，表示“平衡的”。
It是形式主语，真正的主语是“to eat a balanced diet”，但因主语太长，为了句子平衡，将主语用
it代替，这是it的又一功能。
12.I’m not feeling very well at the moment .
at the moment .1）用于现在时态中，意思为“此刻”，如：
I am busy at the moment . 我此刻很忙。
2）用于过去时中，表示“当时”，如：
I was busy at the moment . 我当时很忙。
引领人生
A bad thing never dies.坏事传千年
实战模拟
Unit 1 What’s the matter
一、根据句意和首字母提示，完成下列单词拼写。
1. We walk with our l________.
2. Yesterday I had a bad c________, so I didn't go to school.
3. There is much w________in the river.
4. She was very t________, and soon she fell asleep in bed.
5. He is very t________, please give him a cup of tea.
二、单项选择。
1. -________
-I have a headache.
A. What's the matter, Judy B. Where are you, Judy
C. Who are you D. What are you doing, Judy
2. He________stay at home and look after his mother yesterday.
A. needed o B. must C. have to D. has to
3. I think walking is________our health.
A. good at B. bad at C. well in D. good for
4. We should not eat________junk food.
A. too many B. too much C. many too D. much too
5. -How is the young man
-________
A. He is twelve. B. He's much better.
C. He is a doctor. D. He's Allan.
6. It's important to eat a________diet.
A. balanced B. balance C. balancing D. balances
7. He often has sports. ________, football, basketball and ping-pong.
A. For an example B. For example C. For the example D. For a example
8. You should not eat________24 hours.
A. something in B. nothing for C. anything for D. everything at
9. -My mother is ill.
-________
A. Don't worry. B. No hurry. C. I'm sorry to hear that. D. OK.
10. -I feel stressed out. I have so much work to do every day.
-You'd better not work too hard. It's good for you to take some________, I think.
A. health B. exercise C. lesson D. work
三、从对话后的方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
A: We are going to play basketball. (1)________
B: I'd like to, but I can't.
A: (2)________
B: I have to see Xiao Fang in the hospital.
A: What's the matter with her (3)________
B: (4)________
A: (5)________
B: I'm afraid I can't.
A. Her head hurts and she doesn't want to eat.B. Would you like to go with us C. Anything serious D. Are you coming later E. What do you have to do
四、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Li Ying________(be) born in 1986.
2. Listen!Our English teacher________(speak) at the meeting.
3. We'll go to the park if it________(not rain) tomorrow.
4. Half an hour later, she________(meet) her husband outside the park gate.
5. You may________(go) there a little earlier next time.
6. Don't________(disturb) others when you are in the room.
7. You'd better________(not play) football in the street.
8. The Smiths wanted________(live) in China.
9. The young man________(help) Granny to clean the house last Sunday.
10. My sister________(write) a letter yesterday.
五、英汉互译。
1. ―你怎么了？
―我头疼。
-________________________________？
-________________________________.
2. 我的弟弟得了重感冒。
__________________________________.
3. 你不应该来学校太晚。
_________________________________.
4. 我口渴，想喝点水。
__________________________________.
5. He is stressed out because he has too much work.
__________________________________.
6. It is important for you to learn to speak English well.
__________________________________.
7. It's cooler today. Let's go for a walk.
__________________________________.
8. On the other hand, you should study hard.
__________________________________.
六、单句改错，下列各句中均有一处错误，请指出并改正。
1. What's(A) the matter(B) to(C) you(D) ________
2. My father often(A) eats(B) too many(C) food(D). ________
3. We are(A) tired(B), so we want(C) to have rest(D). ______
4. If you want to(A) stay health(B), you must(C) take some exercise(D). ________
5. The old man(A) might(B) is(C) a doctor(D). ________
七、完形填空。
What is the best way to study This is a very important question. Some Chinese students often__1__very hard for long hours. It is a__2__habit, but it is not a better way to study. An efficient(讲效率的) student must__3__enough sleep, enough food and enough rest. Every week you
__4__to go out for a walk or visit some friends or some nice places. It's good__5__your study. When you return to your studies, you'll find yourself__6__than before and you'll learn more.
Maybe we can__7__that learning English is __8__taking Chinese medicine. We don't mean that it's bitter (苦的). We mean that like Chinese medicine, the efficiency of your study__9__ slowly but surely. __10__slowly but surely every day and effects will come just like Chinese medicine.
1. A. play B. study C. sleep D. think
2. A. best B. better C. good D. bad
3. A. have B. do C. want D. make
4. A. want B. hope C. need D. wish
5. A. in B. for C. to D. at
6. A. weaker B. stronger C. fatter D. thinner
7. A. say B. guess C. talk D. know
8. A. about B. on C. at D. like
9. A. returns B. comes C. gives D. gets
10. A. Sleep B. Know C. Learn D. Play
八、阅读理解。
There is an old English saying. It tells us that we must go to bed early and get up early in the morning. Then we shall be healthy. We shall also be rich and clever. This is true. The body must have enough sleep to be healthy. Children of young age should have ten hours' sleep every night. Children who do not have enough sleep cannot do their work well and they may not be healthy.
The body also needs exercise. Walking, running, jumping and playing games are all exercise. Exercise keeps the body strong.
Exercise also helps the blood to move around inside the body. It is very important. Our blood moves to all parts of our body. The head also needs blood. Exercise helps us to think better.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
1. If we want to be healthy, we must________.
A. eat more B. sleep more C. play more
D. go to bed early and get up early
2. Children of young age should have ______ hours' sleep every day.
A. ten B. nine C. eleven D. twelve
3. If children don't have enough sleep, they will not________.
A. work well B. be clever and healthy C. eat well D. A and B
4. The body also needs________.
A. sports B. running C. exercise D. playing
5. Does exercise help us to think better
A. Yes, it does. B. No, it doesn't. C. No, it does. D. Yes, it deosn't.
九、书面表达。
假定你是Tom,你按Kate 约定的时间、地点与她见面后去医院看望Mr Wang。你们告诉他你们在考试中发挥的很好，他很高兴。Mr Wang祝愿你们暑假生活愉快，并希望你们继续努力学习。你们交谈了大约半小时后离开医院。请你以日记的形式把它写下来。
参考词汇： be glad, flowers, do well in, keep on doing, hope, get on well with, Thursday, May 16th, Sunny
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