陕西省西安市高陵区2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题

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陕西省西安市高陵区2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题
一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
（2023高二下·高陵开学考）阅读理解
Discover the Canadian Rockies by rail and car. Enjoy two days aboard the scenic Rocky Mountaineer, combined with the freedom to discover fantastic Banff National Park in your spare time by rental car.
About the Tour
Your tour starts in Vancouver, where you can explore the scenic city on your own and visit Vancouver Lookout for the whole views. After a relaxing evening, you'll start your second day with travel aboard the Rocky Mountaineer, from Vancouver to Kamloops, the heart of British Columbia.
Get your cameras ready for dramatic scenery, from the rushing waters of Hell's Gate to mountain peaks. Continue east to Alberta, across ranchlands, lakeshores, mountain passes and tunnels, arriving in the town of Banff. You can have your supper by tasting the local food, but the cost falls on you.
Spend the next day enjoying Banff on your own, and then drive to Lake Louise and Yoho National Park. Travel through Kananaskis Country and the wide-open ranches of Alberta before arriving in Calgary, where you'll spend an evening touring the city before your trip comes to an end.
Highlights
2 days of scenic rail travel onboard the Rocky Mountaineer
Free Hotel accommodations (住宿) for all the 5 nights
4 free meals
3-day full-size car rental with GPS and unlimited mileage
Vancouver Lookout
Calgary Tower
Additional Information
It is your duty to check and fulfill the passport, visa, and health requirements applicable (合适的) to your journey. We do not accept any loss if you cannot travel, or receive any other loss because you have not obeyed (遵循) any passport, visa, or health requirements. You are to pay back to us in relation to any fines or other losses which we get as a result of your failure to follow any passport, visa, or health requirements.
1．Where does the tour end
A．Banff. B．Calgary.
C．Alberta. D．Yoho National Park.
2．Which is free of charge for tourists
A．Accommodations. B．Taking the train.
C．Driving a rental car. D．All meals during the trip.
3．What does the author intend to tell us in "Additional Information"
A．Rules during the travel.
B．Risk of breaking travel rules.
C．Responsibility travelers need to take.
D．The trouble in getting the passport.
【答案】1．B
2．A
3．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是一则乘火车和汽车探索加拿大落基山脉的旅游广告。在美丽的洛基登山队上享受两天的时间，并在空闲时间乘坐租车自由地探索美丽的班夫国家公园。广告介绍了与旅游有关的一些信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据About the Tour部分中的“Travel through Kananaskis Country and the wide-open ranches of Alberta before arriving in Calgary, where you'll spend an evening touring the city before your trip comes to an end.”在到达卡尔加里之前，你将穿过卡那纳斯基斯的乡村和阿尔伯塔省开阔的牧场，在你的旅程结束之前，你将在卡尔加里度过一个夜晚。可知，旅行在卡尔加里结束。故选B。
2．考查细节理解。根据Highlights部分中的“Free Hotel accommodations （住宿）for all the 5 nights”5晚免费住宿，可知，“住宿”对游客是免费的。故选A。
3．考查推理判断。根据Additional Information部分中的“It is your duty to check and fulfill the passport, visa, and health requirements applicable（合适的）to your journey.”你有责任检查和履行与你的旅行有关的护照、签证和健康要求。可推断，在“附加信息”中，作者想告诉我们旅行者需要承担的责任。故选C。
（2023高二下·高陵开学考）阅读理解
One afternoon, while staying with friends at their house there, my husband and I decided to go for a walk along the traffic-free country road in the area. We met a beautiful Golden Retriever. He seemed exceptionally friendly so we stopped to play with him, throwing a stick which he retrieved (取回) several times happily. When we continued our walk, he followed us. I couldn't deny that we were enjoying his company.
After about twenty minutes, we found ourselves walking along a dirt road in an unfamiliar area. One house, almost hidden by tall trees, seemed somehow strange. I wanted to get as far away from that place as possible.
Just then, the door to the house opened and five dogs rushed out, barking as they ran toward us. I felt terrified and couldn't move. All of a sudden, our new friend appeared between the dogs and us. He faced them-all five of them-barking and baring his teeth. I was amazed to see the attacking dogs stop in their tracks ten feet away from him. Our protector held them there while we escaped.
At a safe distance, we looked back and saw the five dogs heading back toward their house. But the Golden Retriever was nowhere in sight. I felt an ache in my heart; I missed our friend already.
With a feeling of emptiness, we made our way back to the house, hoping the whole way that we would see him again. But it was not to be.
When I told our friend about the encounter, her eyes flew wide open as she exclaimed, "It was an angel!"
To this day I have no doubt, a four-legged angel protected us.
4．While meeting the house hidden by tall trees, the author may feel _________.
A．curious B．frightened C．peaceful D．excited
5．Which of the words can NOT be used to describe the Golden Retriever
A．Loyal. B．Brave. C．Cruel. D．Lovely.
6．What is the best title for the text
A．A Romantic Walk B．A Beautiful Encounter
C．A Four-Legged Angel D．A Terrible Experience
7．Which of the following can be used as a quotation under the title
A．May the ford answer you when you are in trouble, may the name of the God of Jacob protect you. —Psalm
B．Sweat cleanses from the inside. It comes from places a shower will never reach. —George Sheehan
C．Grow old with me! The best is yet to be. —Robert Browning
D．There's a lot more to being a woman than being a mother, but there's a hell of a lot more to being a mother than most people suspect. —Roseanne Barr
【答案】4．B
5．C
6．C
7．A
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；记叙文；故事阅读类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和丈夫在没有车的道路上散步的时候碰到了一只金毛寻回犬，并且这只大犬救了他们免受5只狗的攻击。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“One house, almost hidden by tall trees, seemed somehow strange. I wanted to get as far away from that place as possible.”一个几乎藏在高树里的房子看起来有点奇怪。我想尽可能离房子远一点。可知，作者觉得那房子有点怪，并且想尽快远离那个地方，因此可推出她是感到害怕的。故选B。
5．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“He seemed exceptionally friendly so we stopped to play with him, throwing a stick which he retrieved(取回) several times happily.”它看起来特别友好，所以我们停下来和它玩，扔了一根棍子，它高兴地收回了几次。金毛寻回犬和作者以及她的丈夫一起玩，可以看出它很可爱；以及第三段中的“All of a sudden, our new friend appeared between the dogs and us. He faced them-all five of them-barking and baring his teeth.”突然，我们的新朋友出现在我们和狗之间。它面对它们5只狗，朝它们吼叫，露出牙齿。可知，在危险时候，它挺身保护他们，可知它忠诚勇敢。文章没有信息表面它是残酷的。故选C。
6．考查主旨大意。根据最后一段“To this day I have no doubt, a four-legged angel protected us.”直到今天我都毫不怀疑，有一个四条腿的天使保护着我们。可知，本文主要向读者介绍了一只猎犬保护他们的事情。因此，“一个四条腿的天使”最适合作文章标题。故选C。
7．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段“When I told our friend about the encounter, her eyes flew wide open as she exclaimed, ‘It was an angel!'”当我把这件事告诉我们的朋友时，她睁大了眼睛，惊叫道：“是个天使!”作者朋友认为保护他们的狗是天使；以及最后一段“To this day I have no doubt, a four-legged angel protected us.”直到今天我都毫不怀疑，有一个四条腿的天使保护着我们。作者自己也认为狗在保护着自己。A项“愿浅滩在你急难的时候应允你，愿雅各神的名保护你”，讲述的是在需要帮助的时候能够得到各种帮助；因此作者可能用A项作为引语。故选A。
（2022高二上·阎良月考）
阅读理解
How would you go
without your smartphone For many of us, our smartphone is the first and last
thing we look at every day. We depend on it to perform a number of tasks and
connect with our friends and family. But have we become addicted to our phones
Certainly, the
inventor of the first mobile phone, American engineer Martin Cooper, thinks we
might be. In a BBC interview, he suggested people quit scrolling (刷屏) and "get a life". But of course, once we start scrolling
or watching videos, we just can't kick the habit. Psychologist Jean Twenge says
we feel regret for "checking our phone again and again if we're waiting
for a text or getting really into social media then kind of, looking up and
realizing that an hour has passed. "
But does it matter if
we make the most of this technology Possibly, because like medicine, the
problem appears when it is withdrawn. A study from
King's College London found young people couldn't control the amount of time
they spend on their phone. Such behaviour means that people become "anxious"
or "upset" if they are not allowed to be on the phone continuously, which
can cause anxiety and mental health problems.
Interestingly, another
study by the London School of Economics Science suggests we don't just look at
our phones when we receive text or email messages. The people they studied felt
an automatic (自动的) need to check their
phone, just as a smoker would light a cigarette.
One solution could be
an app that rewards (奖励) students for time
spent away from their phones. Another choice is changing your smartphone to a
dumb phone that has none of the things that turn your attention away. But
mainly, perhaps, we just need to look up more and reconnect with the real
world!
8．What is Martin Cooper's attitude to focusing on smartphones
A．Uncaring. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear. D．Unacceptable.
9．What does the underlined word "withdrawn" in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Stopped. B．Increased. C．Offered. D．Saved.
10．What is the author's key suggestion in the last paragraph
A．Concentrate on studies. B．Get a reward for offline time.
C．Buy a new smartphone. D．Contact with the real world.
11．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Benefits from Smartphones B．Addiction to Smartphones
C．Development of Smartphones D．Disadvantages of Smartphones
【答案】8．D
9．A
10．D
11．B
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；议论文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，智能手机已经成为人们生活中不可缺少的部分，很多人也都形成了手机依赖症。作者讲述了手机依赖症的特点及产生的问题，并希望人们能够多点时间放下手机，投入到现实世界中来。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
8．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“In a BBC interview, he suggested people quit scrolling (刷屏) and ‘get a life'.”在接受BBC采访时，他建议人们不要再刷手机了，要“享受生活”。可推知，Martin Cooper不支持人们天天刷手机。故选D。
9．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Such behaviour means that people become ‘anxious' or ‘upset' if they are not allowed to be on the phone continuously, which can cause anxiety and mental health problems.”这种行为意味着，如果不允许人们持续打电话，他们会变得“焦虑”或“不安”，这可能会导致焦虑和心理健康问题。可知，“Possibly, because like medicine, the problem appears when it is withdrawn. ”句意为：有可能，因为就像药物一样，当它被停用时，问题就出现了。也就是说手机就和药物一样，一直吃药会产生依赖，但一旦停药，身体就会出问题。由此推知，划线词withdrawn与stopped意思接近。故选A。
10．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“But mainly, perhaps, we just need to look up more and reconnect with the real world!”但最主要的，也许我们只是需要抬头，重新连接到现实世界！可知，与现实世界的接触是作者在最后一段的关键建议。故选D。
11．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“ But have we become addicted to our phones ”但是我们已经对手机上瘾了吗？，提出了文章的主题，下文对这一主题展开了描述，提出了人们对手机上瘾的症状和产生的问题，最后对此提出了建议。“智能手机成瘾”适合作本文标题。故选B。
（2023高二下·高陵开学考）阅读理解
Which is better for Earth: an electric or gas-powered vehicle The answer to this question might seem blindingly obvious. Of course electric cars must be better for the environment, because they don't give off greenhouse gases as people drive. However, electric vehicles (EVs) aren't perfect, and they come with their own set of polluting problems. Their batteries require a large amount of energy to produce.
Battery production is just one part of an electric car's life span. A study looked at the entire life cycle of an EV's emissions(排放), from mining the metals for the batteries to producing the electricity needed to power them, and then compared this with the average emissions of a gas-powered vehicle. The team found that when EVs are charged with coal-powered electricity, they're actually worse for the environment than gas-powered cars.
"Only when connected to the clean energy do EVs have an advantage over the gas-powered cars on a greenhouse gas basis," said Colin Sheppard, an expert in energy and transportation systems. That's why more and more countries are decreasing the power supply from coal. In China, the national grid is improving with more efforts in renewable energy. For example, it has twice as much wind energy capacity as the U.S. and it builds more solar panels per year than any other countries.
Sheppard has modelled a future in which all cars are electric. "We want to understand what it might be like if all passenger vehicles were electrified." The model suggests that if all vehicles in the U.S. were electric, greenhouse-gas emissions would be 46% less every year. This reduction could be increased even further if those vehicles were using a technique known as "smart charging" in which cars are recharged at chosen times (often at night) to reduce the cost of electricity.
In short, it's far easier to argue for buying an EV than a gas-powered vehicle. But what about the cost Aren't electric vehicles too expensive for most people
12．In which case do EVs get more heavy-polluted than gas-powered cars
A．Being powered only by batteries.
B．Using coal-powered electricity.
C．Starting to give off greenhouse gases.
D．Replacing gas-powered vehicles entirely.
13．How does Sheppard's model show the reduction of greenhouse-gas emissions
A．With a discussion. B．With an examination.
C．With a comparison. D．With a questionnaire.
14．What can be inferred from the text
A．China is making advances in renewable energy.
B．Compared with gas-powered cars, EVs are at an advantage.
C．There is still room for the development of EVs.
D．It's not a challenge to choose between EVs and gas-powered cars.
15．What might the paragraph following the passage be about
A．Inventing green gas-powered vehicles.
B．Developing environment-friendly grids.
C．Getting rid of fossil energy like coal and oil.
D．Making electric vehicles more affordable.
【答案】12．B
13．C
14．C
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；议论文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，电动汽车在对环境有利的同时也有一系列污染问题。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
12．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The team found that when EVs are charged with coal-powered electricity, they're actually worse for the environment than gas-powered cars.” 研究小组发现，当电动汽车以煤电为动力时，它们对环境的危害实际上比汽油动力汽车更大。可知，当电动汽车使用煤电时，造成的污染更大，故选B。
13．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“This reduction could be increased even further if those vehicles were using a technique known as ‘smart charging' in which cars are recharged at chosen times (often at night) to reduce the cost of electricity.” 如果这些汽车使用一种被称为“智能充电”的技术，即在选择的时间(通常是晚上)充电，以降低电力成本，这种减少可能会进一步增加。可知，谢帕德的模型是通过对比来显示温室气体排放的减少。故选C。
14．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But what about the cost Aren't electric vehicles too expensive for most people ” 但是成本呢 电动汽车对大多数人来说是不是太贵了 可知，电动汽车仍有提升的空间，故选C。
15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But what about the cost Aren't electric vehicles too expensive for most people ” 但是成本呢 电动汽车对大多数人来说是不是太贵了 最后一段说电动汽车的买起来更容易，但是成本太贵，所以后文应该是说如何让电车更便宜，故选D。
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（2023高二下·高陵开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
China, known for its variety of cuisines, can illustrate the history of 5,000 years from food alone. 　16． 　 We should be more aware of the significance of food education, because knowing how to eat is the greatest guarantee for health. Food education in China should cover these essential areas.
Establish correct values.
Food education in China should be designed to guide and drive children to establish correct values. 　17． 　 Food education should arouse their appreciation of the labor of others.
　18． 　
Second, food education in China should also show the inheritance of culture. Many traditional festivals are characterized by their own dishes, such as zongzi, a pyramidal glutinous rice dumpling for the Dragon Boat Festival; mooncakes on the Mid-Autumn Festival; and dumplings during Chinese New Year. The combination of food education and traditional Chinese culture enables students to taste in their mouth and remember in their heart", thus passing on the tradition to the future generations.
Bulled harmony relationships.
Food helps Lo maintain and enhance relationships: Food is the paramount necessity of the people and Chinese culture has always valued "reunion dinners". 　19． 　
Carry out food education correctly.
　20． 　 Though it begins with children it should be properly designed by age and geography.
A. Combine it with the traditional culture.
B. Improve family and interpersonal relationships
C. Food education should follow a step-by-step process.
D. I also guided the students to grow, identify and cook food.
E. Food education in China is still in the initial stage of exploration.
F. Food is both the bounty of nature and the crystallization of labor.
G. Either a family dinner or casual lunch at school is a good way to better communication and cohesion.
【答案】16．E；17．F；18．A；19．G；20．C
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国的食品教育应该涵盖的一些基本领域。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"China, known for its variety of cuisines, can illustrate the history of 5,000 years from food alone."中国以其丰富多样的菜肴而闻名，仅从食物就可以说明中国五千年的历史；以及空后"We should be more aware of the significance of food education, because knowing how to eat is the greatest guarantee for health. Food education in China should cover these essential areas."我们更应该意识到食物教育的重要性，因为知道如何吃是健康的最大保证。中国的食品教育应该涵盖这些基本领域。可知，本句是在说明中国食物教育的情况，E选项中Food education对应后文中food education。 E. Food education in China is still in the initial stage of exploration. "中国的食品教育还处于探索的初级阶段"符合语境，故选E。
17．根据空后"Food education should arouse their appreciation of the labor of others."食物教育应该唤起他们对他人劳动的感激。可知，后文提到食物教育应该唤起对他人劳动的感激，本句说明原因：食物既是大自然的馈赠，也是劳动的结晶。F选项中labor对应后文中labor。 F. Food is both the bounty of nature and the crystallization of labor. "食物既是大自然的馈赠，也是劳动的结晶"符合语境，故选F。
18．根据空后"Second, food education in China should also show the inheritance of culture. Many traditional festivals are characterized by their own dishes, such as zongzi, a pyramidal glutinous rice dumpling for the Dragon Boat Festival; mooncakes on the Mid-Autumn Festival; and dumplings during Chinese New Year. The combination of food education and traditional Chinese culture enables students to taste in their mouth and remember in their heart", thus passing on the tradition to the future generations."其次，中国的饮食教育也应该体现文化的传承。许多传统节日都有自己的特色菜肴，如粽子，一种粽子为端午节；中秋节吃月饼；在中国新年吃饺子将饮食教育与中国传统文化相结合，让学生口中有滋味，心中有记忆"，从而将传统传承给下一代。可知，本段的主旨是食物教育与传统文化的关系，A选项中traditional culture对应后文中traditional Chinese culture。 A. Combine it with the traditional culture. "与传统文化相结合"符合语境，故选A。
19．根据空前"Food helps Lo maintain and enhance relationships: Food is the paramount necessity of the people and Chinese culture has always valued ‘reunion dinners'."食物有助于维系和增进关系：食物是人们最重要的必需品，中国文化一直重视"团圆饭"。可知，本段的主旨是食物有助于维系和增进关系，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明食物对维系和增进关系的作用， G. Either a family dinner or casual lunch at school is a good way to better communication and cohesion. "无论是家庭聚餐还是在学校吃便饭都是增进沟通和凝聚力的好方法"符合语境，故选G。
20．根据空后"Though it begins with children it should be properly designed by age and geography."虽然它从儿童开始，但应该根据年龄和地理位置适当设计。可知，本句是关于如何实施食品教育的说明，后文提到了年龄阶段、地理位置，可见要循序渐进， C. Food education should follow a step-by-step process. "食品教育应遵循循序渐进的过程"符合语境，故选C。
三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
（2023高二下·高陵开学考）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One rainy afternoon I was sitting at home feeling so bored. 21． feeling sorry for myself，I wanted to meet people and have new 22． so I decided to start volunteering. I found a website where I could volunteer on a farm in France.
Volunteering 23． so many opportunities to have fun and share 24． stories. It was the first time for me to work on a farm. It was almost a (n) 25． holiday as food and accommodation were provided. It was not one 26． holiday，however，as I had to 27． fifteen horses and sheep！I soon discovered that I was a(n) 28． farmer but it did not matter because I made some great friends and also improved my 29． .
However，you do not 30． go abroad to volunteer. I have had plenty of adventures at home as volunteering can become a 31． . For example，I love 32． so I had a good laugh waving my arms in order to 33． my local choir(合唱团). At university，I organized a concert for charity with my friends. It was really 34． to find bands and raise money for a cause.
It is true that you feel good volunteering but there are also other 35． . I once volunteered as a steward (干事) at a charity sports event where the organizers 36． gave me cupcakes from an expensive London bakery to thank me for my 37． . I also volunteered in a charity shop so I found loads of nice cheap clothes to 38． my wardrobe.
While this is all fun，my favorite aspect of volunteering is 39． and sharing stories. My terrible 40． at farming has given me funny stories to tell!
21．A．Apart from B．Due to C．Instead of D．But for
22．A．experiences B．discoveries C．opportunities D．changes
23．A．recommends B．demands C．offers D．seizes
24．A．popular B．fantastic C．familiar D．important
25．A．impressive B．free C．cheap D．special
26．A．unique B．regular C．typical D．convenient
27．A．attend to B．research into
C．hunt for D．communicate with
28．A．skillful B．suitable C．hard-working D．awful
29．A．English B．French C．Russian D．Chinese
30．A．normally B．basically C．naturally D．necessarily
31．A．hobby B．trend C．job D．reality
32．A．dancing B．writing C．singing D．performing
33．A．greet B．control C．organize D．conduct
34．A．powerful B．hopeful C．meaningful D．successful
35．A．adventures B．advantages C．factors D．achievements
36．A．generously B．cautiously C．equally D．proudly
37．A．services B．patience C．determination D．choices
38．A．decorate B．replace C．beautify D．update
39．A．creating B．imagining C．choosing D．completing
40．A．offence B．shame C．attempt D．annoyance
【答案】21．C；22．A；23．C；24．B；25．B；26．C；27．A；28．D；29．B；30．D；31．A；32．C；33．D；34．C；35．B；36．A；37．A；38．D；39．A；40．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者从事志愿者工作的经历和意义，以及作者分享了做志愿工作所收获的快乐。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：一个下雨的下午，我坐在家里感到很无聊，我不想为自己感到难过，我想认识人们，有新的经历，所以我决定开始做志愿者。A．Apart from"除了"；B．Due to"由于"；C．Instead of"而不是，代替"；D．But for"要不是"。根据下文"so I decided to start volunteering"提到作者决定开始志愿工作，因此这里应是我想见别人并且有新的经历，而不是自己难过。故选C。
22．句意：一个下雨的下午，我坐在家里感到很无聊，我不想为自己感到难过，我想认识人们，有新的经历，所以我决定开始做志愿者。A．experiences"经历"；B．discoveries"发现"；C．opportunities "机会"；D．changes"改变"。根据空后"so I decided to start volunteering"提到作者决定开始志愿工作，因此这里应是我想见别人并且有新的经历，而不是自己难过。故选A。
23．句意：志愿工作提供很多能让人玩得高兴并分享精彩故事的机会。A. recommends"推荐"；B. demands"要求"；C. offers"提供"；D. seizes"抓住"。根据空后"so many opportunities to have fun"可知，此处指提供机会。故选C。
24．句意：志愿工作提供很多能让人玩得高兴并分享精彩故事的机会。 A．popular"流行的"；B．fantastic"精彩的，美妙的"；C．familiar"熟悉的"；D．important"重要的"。根据语境可知，此处指分享精彩的故事。故选B。
25．句意：由于提供食宿，这个假期几乎是免费的。 A. impressive"令人印象深刻的"；B. free"免费的"；C. expensive"昂贵的"；D. special"特殊的"。根据空后"as food and accommodation were provided"可知农场提供食宿，由此推断出它几乎是免费的假期。故选B。
26．句意：然而，这不是一个令人放松的假期，因为我必须照顾15匹马和羊! A．unique"独特的"； B．regular"有规律的"；C. relaxing"令人放松的"；D．convenient"方便的"。根据空后"however，as I had to 7 fifteen horses and sheep！"可知作者必须照顾十五匹马和羊，由此判断出这不是一个令人放松的假期。故选C。
27．句意：我必须要照顾十五匹马和羊。A . attend to"照顾，照料"；B. research into"研究，分析"；C. hunt for"寻找"；D. feed on"以……为食"。根据上文的"It was the first time for me to work on a farm"和空后的"fifteen horses and sheep"，可知，此处指在农场照顾马和羊。故选A。
28．句意：我很快发现我是一个糟糕的农民，但这并不重要，因为我交了一些好朋友，也提高了我的法语。A. skillful"有技术的"；B. suitable"合适的"；C. hard-working"努力的"；D. awful"糟糕的"。根据下文"My terrible 20 at farming has given me funny stories to tell!"可知不久，我就发现我是一个糟糕的农民。故选D。
29．句意：我很快发现我是一个糟糕的农民，但这并不重要，因为我交了一些好朋友，也提高了我的法语。A. English"英语"；B. French"法语"；C. Russian"俄语"；D. Chinese"汉语"。根据上文"I found a website where I could volunteer on a farm in France."可知我在法国的农场从事志愿者工作，由此推断出我可以提高法语。故选B。
30．句意：然而，你不一定要出国做志愿者。A. normally"正常地"；B. basically"基本上"；C. naturally"自然地"；D. necessarily"必要地"。根据下文的"I have had plenty of adventures at home as volunteering can become a 11 ."可知我在国内有许多冒险经历，可推知你不一定要去国外从事志愿工作。not necessary"不一定"。故选D。
31．句意：我在国内有很多冒险，因为志愿服务可以成为一种爱好。 A. hobby"业余爱好"； B. dream"梦想"；C. job"工作"；D. reality"现实"。根据下文"I love 12 so I had a good laugh waving my arms in order to 13 my local choir(合唱团)．"可知志愿工作是我的爱好。故选A。
32．句意：例如，我喜欢唱歌，所以我笑着挥舞手臂，为了指挥我的当地唱诗班。A. dancing"跳舞"；B. acting"行动"；C. singing"唱歌"；D. performing"表演"。根据下文"At university，I organized a concert for charity with my friends."可知我喜欢唱歌。故选C。
33．句意：例如，我喜欢唱歌，所以我笑着挥舞手臂，为了指挥我的当地唱诗班。A. greet "问候"；B. control"控制"；C. organize"组织"；D. conduct"指挥"。根据空前"I had a good laugh waving my arms"以及空后"my local choir（合唱团）"可知，我应该是挥舞着胳膊指挥当地的合唱团。故选D。
34．句意：找乐队并为这个原因筹钱真的很有意义。A. powerful"强大的，强有力的"；B. hopeful"有希望的"；C. meaningful"有意义的"；D. successful"成功的"。根据语境可知，此处指找乐队并为慈善事业筹钱真的很有意义。故选C。
35．句意：这是真的，你感觉很好，但也有其他好处。 A. adventures"冒险"；B. advantages"优点"；C. factors"因素"；D. achievements"成就"。根据空前"It is true that you feel good volunteering"可知这里意思是你确实能感受到志愿工作的好处，但是它还有其他的优点。故选B。
36．句意： 我曾经在一个慈善体育活动中自愿当过服务员，组织者慷慨地给了我一个昂贵的伦敦面包店的蛋糕，感谢我的服务。A. generously"慷慨地"；B. cautiously"谨慎地"；C. equally"平等地"；D. proudly"骄傲地"。根据空前"from an expensive London bakery to thank me for my 17 ."可知组织者很大方地给作者很贵的蛋糕。故选A。
37．句意：我曾经在一个慈善体育活动中自愿当过服务员，组织者慷慨地给了我一个昂贵的伦敦面包店的蛋糕，感谢我的服务。A. services"服务"；B. patience"耐心"；C. determination"决心"；D. choice"选择"。根据上文的"I once volunteered as a steward(干事) at a charity sports event"可知，组织者给作者蛋糕是为了感谢作者的服务。故选A。
38．句意：我也在一家慈善商店做志愿者，所以我发现很多便宜的衣服来更新我的衣柜。A. decorate"装饰"；B. replace"代替"；C. beautify"美化"；D. update"更新"。根据语境可知，作者在慈善商店找到许多漂亮、便宜的衣服来更新自己的衣橱。故选D。
39．句意：虽然这些都很有趣，但我最喜欢的志愿活动是创造和分享故事。A. creating"创造"；B. imagining"想象"；C. choosing"选择"；D. completing"完成"。根据下文"My terrible 20 at farming has given me funny stories to tell!"可知但对于志愿工作，我最喜欢的方面是创造并分享故事。故选A。
40．句意：我糟糕的农场尝试，让我有了有趣的故事可讲。A. offence"过错"；B. shame"羞耻"；C. attempt"尝试"；D. annoyance"烦恼"。结合语境和文章的情感基调可知，这里应该是说作者在农场的努力和尝试让作者有了可以分享的有趣的故事，故选C。
四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2023高二下·高陵开学考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the Chinese government has adopted the most effective measures regardless of great economic losses 　41． 　 (cause) by the precautionary measures, Chinese people have been actively participating in the nationwide fight 　42． 　 the virus. Under 　43． 　 leadership of the government, the spread of the virus has been 　44． 　 (successful) controlled.
However, by the end of last year, more than 270 million people 　45． 　 (infect) with the virus globally. We have all realized the fact 　46． 　 working together is the best solution to pull through the crisis. In other words. 　47． 　 the virus cannot be controlled in other parts of the world, the result we have achieved will be affected. To deal with such a pandemic, there is no denying that 　48． 　 (strengthen) the cooperation between different countries is of no delay. Therefore, the Chinese government has made great 　49． 　 (contribution) to the world by sending medical teams abroad and donating medical supplies. We believe that by joint efforts we are bound 　50． 　 (win) the war.
【答案】41．caused；42．against；43．the；44．successfully；45．had been infected；46．that；47．if；48．strengthening；49．contributions；50．to win
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了新冠疫情的爆发，在中国政府的领导下，中国取得了巨大的成就，但是困难还没过去，还需要大家的共同努力。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，介词，冠词，副词，时态语态，同位语从句，状语从句，名词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
41．句意：自从新冠疫情的爆发，中国政府已经采取了最有效的措施，尽管因为预防措施，带来了经济影响，但是中国人民仍然积极参与此疫情的对抗。cause与economic loss之间的是被动关系，需用过去分词形式，此处做后置定语，故填caused。
42．句意：自从新冠疫情的爆发，中国政府已经采取了最有效的措施，尽管因为预防措施，带来了经济影响，但是中国人民仍然积极参与此疫情的对抗。fight against固定短语，"与.....斗争"，故填against。
43．句意：在中国政府的领导下，病毒的传播被成功地控制了下来。根据句子分析可知，此处表特指"在中国政府的领导下"，应用定冠词，故填the。
44．句意：在中国政府的领导下，病毒的传播被成功地控制了下来。根据句子分析可知，control为动词，此处应用副词修饰动词，故填successfully。
45．句意：然后，到去年末为止，全球有超过270000000的人感染了新冠病毒。此处是谓语动词，主语people是"被感染上"，应用被动语态，结合时间状语by the end of last year，应用过去完成时，主语为复数，故填had been infected。
46．句意：我们都意识到了，共同努力是度过难关的最好方式。根据句子分析可知，此处为同位语从句，进一步解释说明the fact，从句中个不缺成分，且没有意思，故用that引导the fact的同位语，故填that。
47．句意：换句话说，如果世界其他地区的疫情没有控制下来，那我国所取得得成就也会受到影响。根据句子分析可知，此处表示条件状语，表示假设，应用if引导条件状语从句，故填if。
48．句意：不可否定的是，要解决疫情，加强国家间的合作是不能迟疑的。根据句子分析可知，that引导同位语从句，从句中，is为系动词，此空为主语，应用动名词作主语，故填strengthening。
49．句意：因此，通过给国外运输与捐赠医疗物资，中国已经做出了巨大的贡献。make contributions to固定短语，"做出贡献"，故填contributions。
50．句意：通过共同的努力，我们肯定会赢得这次疫情战斗的。be bound to do sth.，固定短语，"一定会，注定会做某事"，故填to win。
五、短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
51．（2023高二下·高陵开学考）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Phoebe is from London and studies in our class as exchange student. She has been learning Chinese for the last three years，but she still fails in the final exam last week. Our teacher said she still had to learn a lot in her new language, what made her very upset. See this, I tried to comfort her and gave her some suggestion on how to improve her language skills so she would get a good grade next time. She was so moving and had tears in her eyes. Late, I got a beautiful email from her where she expressed her thanks for my kind. I was not sure exact what to write back but I felt very happy. What a good experience that I won't forget it.
【答案】①在exchange前加an ②fails →failed ③what →which ④See →Seeing ⑤suggestion →suggestions ⑥moving →moved ⑦Late →Later ⑧kind →kindness ⑨exact →exactly ⑩删除it
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位来自英国伦敦的交换生——菲比，因为在中国学习汉语，但一直没有学好，作者给了一些有用的建议，后来菲比汉语提高很快，她非常感激。
（1）句意：菲比来自伦敦，作为交换生在我们班学习。student可数名词单数，表泛指，前需加定冠词，又exchange以元音音素开头需用 an。故在exchange前加an。
（2）句意：她在过去三年里一直在学习汉语，但上周的期末考试仍然不及格。last week是一般过去时的标志词，需用一般过去时。故fails改为failed。
（3）句意：我们的老师说她还得用新语言学习很多东西，这让她很不高兴。分析句子结构，此处为非限制性定语从句的引导词，先行词为上文整句话，表示一件事，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故what改为which。
（4）句意：看到这一点，我试着安慰她，并给她一些建议，告诉她如何提高自己的语言技能，这样她下次就能拿到好成绩。本句中已经含有一个谓语动词tried，且无连词，故需使用非谓语动词，逻辑主语I和see之间为主动关系，使用现在分词作状语。故See改为Seeing。
（5）句意：看到这一点，我试着安慰她，并给她一些建议，告诉她如何提高自己的语言技能，这样她下次就能拿到好成绩。suggestion可数名词，前有some修饰，因此要用复数。故suggestion改为 suggestions。
（6）句意：她感动得热泪盈眶。动词-ing结尾的形容词多用来修饰物，动词-ed结尾的形容词多用来修饰人。本句主语为she，所以要使用-ed结尾的形容词。故moving改为moved。
（7）句意：后来，我收到了她的一封漂亮的电子邮件，她对我的好意表示感谢。结合句意可知，此处表达"后来"，用副词later。故Late改为Later。
（8）句意：后来，我收到了她的一封漂亮的电子邮件，她对我的好意表示感谢。my为形容词性物主代词，后需加名词kindness"善意"。故kind改为kindness。
（9）句意：我不知道该写什么，但我感到很高兴。用副词修饰前面形容词sure，exactly"准确地"。故exact改为exactly。
（10）句意：多么美好的经历，我不会忘记。分析句子结构，此句为关系代词that引导的定语从句，先行词experience在从句作宾语，it是多余的。故将it删除。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及冠词，时态，定语从句，非谓语动词，名词，形容词，副词以及代词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
六、书面表达（满分25分）
52．（2023高二下·高陵开学考）现在假设你是李华，你的英国朋友 Dave 对中国汉字很感兴趣。最近你校将举行中国汉字听写大赛(Chinese Characters Dictation Contest)，请写一封信邀请他观看。
内容包括：1）大赛时间、地点；2）大赛意义；3）期待回复。
注意：1）词数 100 左右;
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
3）开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Dave,
……
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】暂未更新
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写一封信邀请他观看 。写作背景： 你的英国朋友 Dave 对中国汉字很感兴趣。最近你校将举行中国汉字听写大赛 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1）大赛时间、地点；2）大赛意义；3）期待回复。 考生需要根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），并进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。最后连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。
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陕西省西安市高陵区2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题
一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
（2023高二下·高陵开学考）阅读理解
Discover the Canadian Rockies by rail and car. Enjoy two days aboard the scenic Rocky Mountaineer, combined with the freedom to discover fantastic Banff National Park in your spare time by rental car.
About the Tour
Your tour starts in Vancouver, where you can explore the scenic city on your own and visit Vancouver Lookout for the whole views. After a relaxing evening, you'll start your second day with travel aboard the Rocky Mountaineer, from Vancouver to Kamloops, the heart of British Columbia.
Get your cameras ready for dramatic scenery, from the rushing waters of Hell's Gate to mountain peaks. Continue east to Alberta, across ranchlands, lakeshores, mountain passes and tunnels, arriving in the town of Banff. You can have your supper by tasting the local food, but the cost falls on you.
Spend the next day enjoying Banff on your own, and then drive to Lake Louise and Yoho National Park. Travel through Kananaskis Country and the wide-open ranches of Alberta before arriving in Calgary, where you'll spend an evening touring the city before your trip comes to an end.
Highlights
2 days of scenic rail travel onboard the Rocky Mountaineer
Free Hotel accommodations (住宿) for all the 5 nights
4 free meals
3-day full-size car rental with GPS and unlimited mileage
Vancouver Lookout
Calgary Tower
Additional Information
It is your duty to check and fulfill the passport, visa, and health requirements applicable (合适的) to your journey. We do not accept any loss if you cannot travel, or receive any other loss because you have not obeyed (遵循) any passport, visa, or health requirements. You are to pay back to us in relation to any fines or other losses which we get as a result of your failure to follow any passport, visa, or health requirements.
1．Where does the tour end
A．Banff. B．Calgary.
C．Alberta. D．Yoho National Park.
2．Which is free of charge for tourists
A．Accommodations. B．Taking the train.
C．Driving a rental car. D．All meals during the trip.
3．What does the author intend to tell us in "Additional Information"
A．Rules during the travel.
B．Risk of breaking travel rules.
C．Responsibility travelers need to take.
D．The trouble in getting the passport.
（2023高二下·高陵开学考）阅读理解
One afternoon, while staying with friends at their house there, my husband and I decided to go for a walk along the traffic-free country road in the area. We met a beautiful Golden Retriever. He seemed exceptionally friendly so we stopped to play with him, throwing a stick which he retrieved (取回) several times happily. When we continued our walk, he followed us. I couldn't deny that we were enjoying his company.
After about twenty minutes, we found ourselves walking along a dirt road in an unfamiliar area. One house, almost hidden by tall trees, seemed somehow strange. I wanted to get as far away from that place as possible.
Just then, the door to the house opened and five dogs rushed out, barking as they ran toward us. I felt terrified and couldn't move. All of a sudden, our new friend appeared between the dogs and us. He faced them-all five of them-barking and baring his teeth. I was amazed to see the attacking dogs stop in their tracks ten feet away from him. Our protector held them there while we escaped.
At a safe distance, we looked back and saw the five dogs heading back toward their house. But the Golden Retriever was nowhere in sight. I felt an ache in my heart; I missed our friend already.
With a feeling of emptiness, we made our way back to the house, hoping the whole way that we would see him again. But it was not to be.
When I told our friend about the encounter, her eyes flew wide open as she exclaimed, "It was an angel!"
To this day I have no doubt, a four-legged angel protected us.
4．While meeting the house hidden by tall trees, the author may feel _________.
A．curious B．frightened C．peaceful D．excited
5．Which of the words can NOT be used to describe the Golden Retriever
A．Loyal. B．Brave. C．Cruel. D．Lovely.
6．What is the best title for the text
A．A Romantic Walk B．A Beautiful Encounter
C．A Four-Legged Angel D．A Terrible Experience
7．Which of the following can be used as a quotation under the title
A．May the ford answer you when you are in trouble, may the name of the God of Jacob protect you. —Psalm
B．Sweat cleanses from the inside. It comes from places a shower will never reach. —George Sheehan
C．Grow old with me! The best is yet to be. —Robert Browning
D．There's a lot more to being a woman than being a mother, but there's a hell of a lot more to being a mother than most people suspect. —Roseanne Barr
（2022高二上·阎良月考）
阅读理解
How would you go
without your smartphone For many of us, our smartphone is the first and last
thing we look at every day. We depend on it to perform a number of tasks and
connect with our friends and family. But have we become addicted to our phones
Certainly, the
inventor of the first mobile phone, American engineer Martin Cooper, thinks we
might be. In a BBC interview, he suggested people quit scrolling (刷屏) and "get a life". But of course, once we start scrolling
or watching videos, we just can't kick the habit. Psychologist Jean Twenge says
we feel regret for "checking our phone again and again if we're waiting
for a text or getting really into social media then kind of, looking up and
realizing that an hour has passed. "
But does it matter if
we make the most of this technology Possibly, because like medicine, the
problem appears when it is withdrawn. A study from
King's College London found young people couldn't control the amount of time
they spend on their phone. Such behaviour means that people become "anxious"
or "upset" if they are not allowed to be on the phone continuously, which
can cause anxiety and mental health problems.
Interestingly, another
study by the London School of Economics Science suggests we don't just look at
our phones when we receive text or email messages. The people they studied felt
an automatic (自动的) need to check their
phone, just as a smoker would light a cigarette.
One solution could be
an app that rewards (奖励) students for time
spent away from their phones. Another choice is changing your smartphone to a
dumb phone that has none of the things that turn your attention away. But
mainly, perhaps, we just need to look up more and reconnect with the real
world!
8．What is Martin Cooper's attitude to focusing on smartphones
A．Uncaring. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear. D．Unacceptable.
9．What does the underlined word "withdrawn" in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Stopped. B．Increased. C．Offered. D．Saved.
10．What is the author's key suggestion in the last paragraph
A．Concentrate on studies. B．Get a reward for offline time.
C．Buy a new smartphone. D．Contact with the real world.
11．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Benefits from Smartphones B．Addiction to Smartphones
C．Development of Smartphones D．Disadvantages of Smartphones
（2023高二下·高陵开学考）阅读理解
Which is better for Earth: an electric or gas-powered vehicle The answer to this question might seem blindingly obvious. Of course electric cars must be better for the environment, because they don't give off greenhouse gases as people drive. However, electric vehicles (EVs) aren't perfect, and they come with their own set of polluting problems. Their batteries require a large amount of energy to produce.
Battery production is just one part of an electric car's life span. A study looked at the entire life cycle of an EV's emissions(排放), from mining the metals for the batteries to producing the electricity needed to power them, and then compared this with the average emissions of a gas-powered vehicle. The team found that when EVs are charged with coal-powered electricity, they're actually worse for the environment than gas-powered cars.
"Only when connected to the clean energy do EVs have an advantage over the gas-powered cars on a greenhouse gas basis," said Colin Sheppard, an expert in energy and transportation systems. That's why more and more countries are decreasing the power supply from coal. In China, the national grid is improving with more efforts in renewable energy. For example, it has twice as much wind energy capacity as the U.S. and it builds more solar panels per year than any other countries.
Sheppard has modelled a future in which all cars are electric. "We want to understand what it might be like if all passenger vehicles were electrified." The model suggests that if all vehicles in the U.S. were electric, greenhouse-gas emissions would be 46% less every year. This reduction could be increased even further if those vehicles were using a technique known as "smart charging" in which cars are recharged at chosen times (often at night) to reduce the cost of electricity.
In short, it's far easier to argue for buying an EV than a gas-powered vehicle. But what about the cost Aren't electric vehicles too expensive for most people
12．In which case do EVs get more heavy-polluted than gas-powered cars
A．Being powered only by batteries.
B．Using coal-powered electricity.
C．Starting to give off greenhouse gases.
D．Replacing gas-powered vehicles entirely.
13．How does Sheppard's model show the reduction of greenhouse-gas emissions
A．With a discussion. B．With an examination.
C．With a comparison. D．With a questionnaire.
14．What can be inferred from the text
A．China is making advances in renewable energy.
B．Compared with gas-powered cars, EVs are at an advantage.
C．There is still room for the development of EVs.
D．It's not a challenge to choose between EVs and gas-powered cars.
15．What might the paragraph following the passage be about
A．Inventing green gas-powered vehicles.
B．Developing environment-friendly grids.
C．Getting rid of fossil energy like coal and oil.
D．Making electric vehicles more affordable.
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（2023高二下·高陵开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
China, known for its variety of cuisines, can illustrate the history of 5,000 years from food alone. 　16． 　 We should be more aware of the significance of food education, because knowing how to eat is the greatest guarantee for health. Food education in China should cover these essential areas.
Establish correct values.
Food education in China should be designed to guide and drive children to establish correct values. 　17． 　 Food education should arouse their appreciation of the labor of others.
　18． 　
Second, food education in China should also show the inheritance of culture. Many traditional festivals are characterized by their own dishes, such as zongzi, a pyramidal glutinous rice dumpling for the Dragon Boat Festival; mooncakes on the Mid-Autumn Festival; and dumplings during Chinese New Year. The combination of food education and traditional Chinese culture enables students to taste in their mouth and remember in their heart", thus passing on the tradition to the future generations.
Bulled harmony relationships.
Food helps Lo maintain and enhance relationships: Food is the paramount necessity of the people and Chinese culture has always valued "reunion dinners". 　19． 　
Carry out food education correctly.
　20． 　 Though it begins with children it should be properly designed by age and geography.
A. Combine it with the traditional culture.
B. Improve family and interpersonal relationships
C. Food education should follow a step-by-step process.
D. I also guided the students to grow, identify and cook food.
E. Food education in China is still in the initial stage of exploration.
F. Food is both the bounty of nature and the crystallization of labor.
G. Either a family dinner or casual lunch at school is a good way to better communication and cohesion.
三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
（2023高二下·高陵开学考）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One rainy afternoon I was sitting at home feeling so bored. 21． feeling sorry for myself，I wanted to meet people and have new 22． so I decided to start volunteering. I found a website where I could volunteer on a farm in France.
Volunteering 23． so many opportunities to have fun and share 24． stories. It was the first time for me to work on a farm. It was almost a (n) 25． holiday as food and accommodation were provided. It was not one 26． holiday，however，as I had to 27． fifteen horses and sheep！I soon discovered that I was a(n) 28． farmer but it did not matter because I made some great friends and also improved my 29． .
However，you do not 30． go abroad to volunteer. I have had plenty of adventures at home as volunteering can become a 31． . For example，I love 32． so I had a good laugh waving my arms in order to 33． my local choir(合唱团). At university，I organized a concert for charity with my friends. It was really 34． to find bands and raise money for a cause.
It is true that you feel good volunteering but there are also other 35． . I once volunteered as a steward (干事) at a charity sports event where the organizers 36． gave me cupcakes from an expensive London bakery to thank me for my 37． . I also volunteered in a charity shop so I found loads of nice cheap clothes to 38． my wardrobe.
While this is all fun，my favorite aspect of volunteering is 39． and sharing stories. My terrible 40． at farming has given me funny stories to tell!
21．A．Apart from B．Due to C．Instead of D．But for
22．A．experiences B．discoveries C．opportunities D．changes
23．A．recommends B．demands C．offers D．seizes
24．A．popular B．fantastic C．familiar D．important
25．A．impressive B．free C．cheap D．special
26．A．unique B．regular C．typical D．convenient
27．A．attend to B．research into
C．hunt for D．communicate with
28．A．skillful B．suitable C．hard-working D．awful
29．A．English B．French C．Russian D．Chinese
30．A．normally B．basically C．naturally D．necessarily
31．A．hobby B．trend C．job D．reality
32．A．dancing B．writing C．singing D．performing
33．A．greet B．control C．organize D．conduct
34．A．powerful B．hopeful C．meaningful D．successful
35．A．adventures B．advantages C．factors D．achievements
36．A．generously B．cautiously C．equally D．proudly
37．A．services B．patience C．determination D．choices
38．A．decorate B．replace C．beautify D．update
39．A．creating B．imagining C．choosing D．completing
40．A．offence B．shame C．attempt D．annoyance
四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2023高二下·高陵开学考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the Chinese government has adopted the most effective measures regardless of great economic losses 　41． 　 (cause) by the precautionary measures, Chinese people have been actively participating in the nationwide fight 　42． 　 the virus. Under 　43． 　 leadership of the government, the spread of the virus has been 　44． 　 (successful) controlled.
However, by the end of last year, more than 270 million people 　45． 　 (infect) with the virus globally. We have all realized the fact 　46． 　 working together is the best solution to pull through the crisis. In other words. 　47． 　 the virus cannot be controlled in other parts of the world, the result we have achieved will be affected. To deal with such a pandemic, there is no denying that 　48． 　 (strengthen) the cooperation between different countries is of no delay. Therefore, the Chinese government has made great 　49． 　 (contribution) to the world by sending medical teams abroad and donating medical supplies. We believe that by joint efforts we are bound 　50． 　 (win) the war.
五、短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
51．（2023高二下·高陵开学考）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Phoebe is from London and studies in our class as exchange student. She has been learning Chinese for the last three years，but she still fails in the final exam last week. Our teacher said she still had to learn a lot in her new language, what made her very upset. See this, I tried to comfort her and gave her some suggestion on how to improve her language skills so she would get a good grade next time. She was so moving and had tears in her eyes. Late, I got a beautiful email from her where she expressed her thanks for my kind. I was not sure exact what to write back but I felt very happy. What a good experience that I won't forget it.
六、书面表达（满分25分）
52．（2023高二下·高陵开学考）现在假设你是李华，你的英国朋友 Dave 对中国汉字很感兴趣。最近你校将举行中国汉字听写大赛(Chinese Characters Dictation Contest)，请写一封信邀请他观看。
内容包括：1）大赛时间、地点；2）大赛意义；3）期待回复。
注意：1）词数 100 左右;
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
3）开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Dave,
……
Yours,
Li Hua
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B
2．A
3．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是一则乘火车和汽车探索加拿大落基山脉的旅游广告。在美丽的洛基登山队上享受两天的时间，并在空闲时间乘坐租车自由地探索美丽的班夫国家公园。广告介绍了与旅游有关的一些信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据About the Tour部分中的“Travel through Kananaskis Country and the wide-open ranches of Alberta before arriving in Calgary, where you'll spend an evening touring the city before your trip comes to an end.”在到达卡尔加里之前，你将穿过卡那纳斯基斯的乡村和阿尔伯塔省开阔的牧场，在你的旅程结束之前，你将在卡尔加里度过一个夜晚。可知，旅行在卡尔加里结束。故选B。
2．考查细节理解。根据Highlights部分中的“Free Hotel accommodations （住宿）for all the 5 nights”5晚免费住宿，可知，“住宿”对游客是免费的。故选A。
3．考查推理判断。根据Additional Information部分中的“It is your duty to check and fulfill the passport, visa, and health requirements applicable（合适的）to your journey.”你有责任检查和履行与你的旅行有关的护照、签证和健康要求。可推断，在“附加信息”中，作者想告诉我们旅行者需要承担的责任。故选C。
【答案】4．B
5．C
6．C
7．A
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；记叙文；故事阅读类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和丈夫在没有车的道路上散步的时候碰到了一只金毛寻回犬，并且这只大犬救了他们免受5只狗的攻击。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“One house, almost hidden by tall trees, seemed somehow strange. I wanted to get as far away from that place as possible.”一个几乎藏在高树里的房子看起来有点奇怪。我想尽可能离房子远一点。可知，作者觉得那房子有点怪，并且想尽快远离那个地方，因此可推出她是感到害怕的。故选B。
5．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“He seemed exceptionally friendly so we stopped to play with him, throwing a stick which he retrieved(取回) several times happily.”它看起来特别友好，所以我们停下来和它玩，扔了一根棍子，它高兴地收回了几次。金毛寻回犬和作者以及她的丈夫一起玩，可以看出它很可爱；以及第三段中的“All of a sudden, our new friend appeared between the dogs and us. He faced them-all five of them-barking and baring his teeth.”突然，我们的新朋友出现在我们和狗之间。它面对它们5只狗，朝它们吼叫，露出牙齿。可知，在危险时候，它挺身保护他们，可知它忠诚勇敢。文章没有信息表面它是残酷的。故选C。
6．考查主旨大意。根据最后一段“To this day I have no doubt, a four-legged angel protected us.”直到今天我都毫不怀疑，有一个四条腿的天使保护着我们。可知，本文主要向读者介绍了一只猎犬保护他们的事情。因此，“一个四条腿的天使”最适合作文章标题。故选C。
7．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段“When I told our friend about the encounter, her eyes flew wide open as she exclaimed, ‘It was an angel!'”当我把这件事告诉我们的朋友时，她睁大了眼睛，惊叫道：“是个天使!”作者朋友认为保护他们的狗是天使；以及最后一段“To this day I have no doubt, a four-legged angel protected us.”直到今天我都毫不怀疑，有一个四条腿的天使保护着我们。作者自己也认为狗在保护着自己。A项“愿浅滩在你急难的时候应允你，愿雅各神的名保护你”，讲述的是在需要帮助的时候能够得到各种帮助；因此作者可能用A项作为引语。故选A。
【答案】8．D
9．A
10．D
11．B
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；议论文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，智能手机已经成为人们生活中不可缺少的部分，很多人也都形成了手机依赖症。作者讲述了手机依赖症的特点及产生的问题，并希望人们能够多点时间放下手机，投入到现实世界中来。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
8．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“In a BBC interview, he suggested people quit scrolling (刷屏) and ‘get a life'.”在接受BBC采访时，他建议人们不要再刷手机了，要“享受生活”。可推知，Martin Cooper不支持人们天天刷手机。故选D。
9．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Such behaviour means that people become ‘anxious' or ‘upset' if they are not allowed to be on the phone continuously, which can cause anxiety and mental health problems.”这种行为意味着，如果不允许人们持续打电话，他们会变得“焦虑”或“不安”，这可能会导致焦虑和心理健康问题。可知，“Possibly, because like medicine, the problem appears when it is withdrawn. ”句意为：有可能，因为就像药物一样，当它被停用时，问题就出现了。也就是说手机就和药物一样，一直吃药会产生依赖，但一旦停药，身体就会出问题。由此推知，划线词withdrawn与stopped意思接近。故选A。
10．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“But mainly, perhaps, we just need to look up more and reconnect with the real world!”但最主要的，也许我们只是需要抬头，重新连接到现实世界！可知，与现实世界的接触是作者在最后一段的关键建议。故选D。
11．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“ But have we become addicted to our phones ”但是我们已经对手机上瘾了吗？，提出了文章的主题，下文对这一主题展开了描述，提出了人们对手机上瘾的症状和产生的问题，最后对此提出了建议。“智能手机成瘾”适合作本文标题。故选B。
【答案】12．B
13．C
14．C
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；议论文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，电动汽车在对环境有利的同时也有一系列污染问题。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
12．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The team found that when EVs are charged with coal-powered electricity, they're actually worse for the environment than gas-powered cars.” 研究小组发现，当电动汽车以煤电为动力时，它们对环境的危害实际上比汽油动力汽车更大。可知，当电动汽车使用煤电时，造成的污染更大，故选B。
13．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“This reduction could be increased even further if those vehicles were using a technique known as ‘smart charging' in which cars are recharged at chosen times (often at night) to reduce the cost of electricity.” 如果这些汽车使用一种被称为“智能充电”的技术，即在选择的时间(通常是晚上)充电，以降低电力成本，这种减少可能会进一步增加。可知，谢帕德的模型是通过对比来显示温室气体排放的减少。故选C。
14．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But what about the cost Aren't electric vehicles too expensive for most people ” 但是成本呢 电动汽车对大多数人来说是不是太贵了 可知，电动汽车仍有提升的空间，故选C。
15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But what about the cost Aren't electric vehicles too expensive for most people ” 但是成本呢 电动汽车对大多数人来说是不是太贵了 最后一段说电动汽车的买起来更容易，但是成本太贵，所以后文应该是说如何让电车更便宜，故选D。
【答案】16．E；17．F；18．A；19．G；20．C
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国的食品教育应该涵盖的一些基本领域。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"China, known for its variety of cuisines, can illustrate the history of 5,000 years from food alone."中国以其丰富多样的菜肴而闻名，仅从食物就可以说明中国五千年的历史；以及空后"We should be more aware of the significance of food education, because knowing how to eat is the greatest guarantee for health. Food education in China should cover these essential areas."我们更应该意识到食物教育的重要性，因为知道如何吃是健康的最大保证。中国的食品教育应该涵盖这些基本领域。可知，本句是在说明中国食物教育的情况，E选项中Food education对应后文中food education。 E. Food education in China is still in the initial stage of exploration. "中国的食品教育还处于探索的初级阶段"符合语境，故选E。
17．根据空后"Food education should arouse their appreciation of the labor of others."食物教育应该唤起他们对他人劳动的感激。可知，后文提到食物教育应该唤起对他人劳动的感激，本句说明原因：食物既是大自然的馈赠，也是劳动的结晶。F选项中labor对应后文中labor。 F. Food is both the bounty of nature and the crystallization of labor. "食物既是大自然的馈赠，也是劳动的结晶"符合语境，故选F。
18．根据空后"Second, food education in China should also show the inheritance of culture. Many traditional festivals are characterized by their own dishes, such as zongzi, a pyramidal glutinous rice dumpling for the Dragon Boat Festival; mooncakes on the Mid-Autumn Festival; and dumplings during Chinese New Year. The combination of food education and traditional Chinese culture enables students to taste in their mouth and remember in their heart", thus passing on the tradition to the future generations."其次，中国的饮食教育也应该体现文化的传承。许多传统节日都有自己的特色菜肴，如粽子，一种粽子为端午节；中秋节吃月饼；在中国新年吃饺子将饮食教育与中国传统文化相结合，让学生口中有滋味，心中有记忆"，从而将传统传承给下一代。可知，本段的主旨是食物教育与传统文化的关系，A选项中traditional culture对应后文中traditional Chinese culture。 A. Combine it with the traditional culture. "与传统文化相结合"符合语境，故选A。
19．根据空前"Food helps Lo maintain and enhance relationships: Food is the paramount necessity of the people and Chinese culture has always valued ‘reunion dinners'."食物有助于维系和增进关系：食物是人们最重要的必需品，中国文化一直重视"团圆饭"。可知，本段的主旨是食物有助于维系和增进关系，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明食物对维系和增进关系的作用， G. Either a family dinner or casual lunch at school is a good way to better communication and cohesion. "无论是家庭聚餐还是在学校吃便饭都是增进沟通和凝聚力的好方法"符合语境，故选G。
20．根据空后"Though it begins with children it should be properly designed by age and geography."虽然它从儿童开始，但应该根据年龄和地理位置适当设计。可知，本句是关于如何实施食品教育的说明，后文提到了年龄阶段、地理位置，可见要循序渐进， C. Food education should follow a step-by-step process. "食品教育应遵循循序渐进的过程"符合语境，故选C。
【答案】21．C；22．A；23．C；24．B；25．B；26．C；27．A；28．D；29．B；30．D；31．A；32．C；33．D；34．C；35．B；36．A；37．A；38．D；39．A；40．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者从事志愿者工作的经历和意义，以及作者分享了做志愿工作所收获的快乐。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：一个下雨的下午，我坐在家里感到很无聊，我不想为自己感到难过，我想认识人们，有新的经历，所以我决定开始做志愿者。A．Apart from"除了"；B．Due to"由于"；C．Instead of"而不是，代替"；D．But for"要不是"。根据下文"so I decided to start volunteering"提到作者决定开始志愿工作，因此这里应是我想见别人并且有新的经历，而不是自己难过。故选C。
22．句意：一个下雨的下午，我坐在家里感到很无聊，我不想为自己感到难过，我想认识人们，有新的经历，所以我决定开始做志愿者。A．experiences"经历"；B．discoveries"发现"；C．opportunities "机会"；D．changes"改变"。根据空后"so I decided to start volunteering"提到作者决定开始志愿工作，因此这里应是我想见别人并且有新的经历，而不是自己难过。故选A。
23．句意：志愿工作提供很多能让人玩得高兴并分享精彩故事的机会。A. recommends"推荐"；B. demands"要求"；C. offers"提供"；D. seizes"抓住"。根据空后"so many opportunities to have fun"可知，此处指提供机会。故选C。
24．句意：志愿工作提供很多能让人玩得高兴并分享精彩故事的机会。 A．popular"流行的"；B．fantastic"精彩的，美妙的"；C．familiar"熟悉的"；D．important"重要的"。根据语境可知，此处指分享精彩的故事。故选B。
25．句意：由于提供食宿，这个假期几乎是免费的。 A. impressive"令人印象深刻的"；B. free"免费的"；C. expensive"昂贵的"；D. special"特殊的"。根据空后"as food and accommodation were provided"可知农场提供食宿，由此推断出它几乎是免费的假期。故选B。
26．句意：然而，这不是一个令人放松的假期，因为我必须照顾15匹马和羊! A．unique"独特的"； B．regular"有规律的"；C. relaxing"令人放松的"；D．convenient"方便的"。根据空后"however，as I had to 7 fifteen horses and sheep！"可知作者必须照顾十五匹马和羊，由此判断出这不是一个令人放松的假期。故选C。
27．句意：我必须要照顾十五匹马和羊。A . attend to"照顾，照料"；B. research into"研究，分析"；C. hunt for"寻找"；D. feed on"以……为食"。根据上文的"It was the first time for me to work on a farm"和空后的"fifteen horses and sheep"，可知，此处指在农场照顾马和羊。故选A。
28．句意：我很快发现我是一个糟糕的农民，但这并不重要，因为我交了一些好朋友，也提高了我的法语。A. skillful"有技术的"；B. suitable"合适的"；C. hard-working"努力的"；D. awful"糟糕的"。根据下文"My terrible 20 at farming has given me funny stories to tell!"可知不久，我就发现我是一个糟糕的农民。故选D。
29．句意：我很快发现我是一个糟糕的农民，但这并不重要，因为我交了一些好朋友，也提高了我的法语。A. English"英语"；B. French"法语"；C. Russian"俄语"；D. Chinese"汉语"。根据上文"I found a website where I could volunteer on a farm in France."可知我在法国的农场从事志愿者工作，由此推断出我可以提高法语。故选B。
30．句意：然而，你不一定要出国做志愿者。A. normally"正常地"；B. basically"基本上"；C. naturally"自然地"；D. necessarily"必要地"。根据下文的"I have had plenty of adventures at home as volunteering can become a 11 ."可知我在国内有许多冒险经历，可推知你不一定要去国外从事志愿工作。not necessary"不一定"。故选D。
31．句意：我在国内有很多冒险，因为志愿服务可以成为一种爱好。 A. hobby"业余爱好"； B. dream"梦想"；C. job"工作"；D. reality"现实"。根据下文"I love 12 so I had a good laugh waving my arms in order to 13 my local choir(合唱团)．"可知志愿工作是我的爱好。故选A。
32．句意：例如，我喜欢唱歌，所以我笑着挥舞手臂，为了指挥我的当地唱诗班。A. dancing"跳舞"；B. acting"行动"；C. singing"唱歌"；D. performing"表演"。根据下文"At university，I organized a concert for charity with my friends."可知我喜欢唱歌。故选C。
33．句意：例如，我喜欢唱歌，所以我笑着挥舞手臂，为了指挥我的当地唱诗班。A. greet "问候"；B. control"控制"；C. organize"组织"；D. conduct"指挥"。根据空前"I had a good laugh waving my arms"以及空后"my local choir（合唱团）"可知，我应该是挥舞着胳膊指挥当地的合唱团。故选D。
34．句意：找乐队并为这个原因筹钱真的很有意义。A. powerful"强大的，强有力的"；B. hopeful"有希望的"；C. meaningful"有意义的"；D. successful"成功的"。根据语境可知，此处指找乐队并为慈善事业筹钱真的很有意义。故选C。
35．句意：这是真的，你感觉很好，但也有其他好处。 A. adventures"冒险"；B. advantages"优点"；C. factors"因素"；D. achievements"成就"。根据空前"It is true that you feel good volunteering"可知这里意思是你确实能感受到志愿工作的好处，但是它还有其他的优点。故选B。
36．句意： 我曾经在一个慈善体育活动中自愿当过服务员，组织者慷慨地给了我一个昂贵的伦敦面包店的蛋糕，感谢我的服务。A. generously"慷慨地"；B. cautiously"谨慎地"；C. equally"平等地"；D. proudly"骄傲地"。根据空前"from an expensive London bakery to thank me for my 17 ."可知组织者很大方地给作者很贵的蛋糕。故选A。
37．句意：我曾经在一个慈善体育活动中自愿当过服务员，组织者慷慨地给了我一个昂贵的伦敦面包店的蛋糕，感谢我的服务。A. services"服务"；B. patience"耐心"；C. determination"决心"；D. choice"选择"。根据上文的"I once volunteered as a steward(干事) at a charity sports event"可知，组织者给作者蛋糕是为了感谢作者的服务。故选A。
38．句意：我也在一家慈善商店做志愿者，所以我发现很多便宜的衣服来更新我的衣柜。A. decorate"装饰"；B. replace"代替"；C. beautify"美化"；D. update"更新"。根据语境可知，作者在慈善商店找到许多漂亮、便宜的衣服来更新自己的衣橱。故选D。
39．句意：虽然这些都很有趣，但我最喜欢的志愿活动是创造和分享故事。A. creating"创造"；B. imagining"想象"；C. choosing"选择"；D. completing"完成"。根据下文"My terrible 20 at farming has given me funny stories to tell!"可知但对于志愿工作，我最喜欢的方面是创造并分享故事。故选A。
40．句意：我糟糕的农场尝试，让我有了有趣的故事可讲。A. offence"过错"；B. shame"羞耻"；C. attempt"尝试"；D. annoyance"烦恼"。结合语境和文章的情感基调可知，这里应该是说作者在农场的努力和尝试让作者有了可以分享的有趣的故事，故选C。
【答案】41．caused；42．against；43．the；44．successfully；45．had been infected；46．that；47．if；48．strengthening；49．contributions；50．to win
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了新冠疫情的爆发，在中国政府的领导下，中国取得了巨大的成就，但是困难还没过去，还需要大家的共同努力。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，介词，冠词，副词，时态语态，同位语从句，状语从句，名词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
41．句意：自从新冠疫情的爆发，中国政府已经采取了最有效的措施，尽管因为预防措施，带来了经济影响，但是中国人民仍然积极参与此疫情的对抗。cause与economic loss之间的是被动关系，需用过去分词形式，此处做后置定语，故填caused。
42．句意：自从新冠疫情的爆发，中国政府已经采取了最有效的措施，尽管因为预防措施，带来了经济影响，但是中国人民仍然积极参与此疫情的对抗。fight against固定短语，"与.....斗争"，故填against。
43．句意：在中国政府的领导下，病毒的传播被成功地控制了下来。根据句子分析可知，此处表特指"在中国政府的领导下"，应用定冠词，故填the。
44．句意：在中国政府的领导下，病毒的传播被成功地控制了下来。根据句子分析可知，control为动词，此处应用副词修饰动词，故填successfully。
45．句意：然后，到去年末为止，全球有超过270000000的人感染了新冠病毒。此处是谓语动词，主语people是"被感染上"，应用被动语态，结合时间状语by the end of last year，应用过去完成时，主语为复数，故填had been infected。
46．句意：我们都意识到了，共同努力是度过难关的最好方式。根据句子分析可知，此处为同位语从句，进一步解释说明the fact，从句中个不缺成分，且没有意思，故用that引导the fact的同位语，故填that。
47．句意：换句话说，如果世界其他地区的疫情没有控制下来，那我国所取得得成就也会受到影响。根据句子分析可知，此处表示条件状语，表示假设，应用if引导条件状语从句，故填if。
48．句意：不可否定的是，要解决疫情，加强国家间的合作是不能迟疑的。根据句子分析可知，that引导同位语从句，从句中，is为系动词，此空为主语，应用动名词作主语，故填strengthening。
49．句意：因此，通过给国外运输与捐赠医疗物资，中国已经做出了巨大的贡献。make contributions to固定短语，"做出贡献"，故填contributions。
50．句意：通过共同的努力，我们肯定会赢得这次疫情战斗的。be bound to do sth.，固定短语，"一定会，注定会做某事"，故填to win。
51．【答案】①在exchange前加an ②fails →failed ③what →which ④See →Seeing ⑤suggestion →suggestions ⑥moving →moved ⑦Late →Later ⑧kind →kindness ⑨exact →exactly ⑩删除it
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位来自英国伦敦的交换生——菲比，因为在中国学习汉语，但一直没有学好，作者给了一些有用的建议，后来菲比汉语提高很快，她非常感激。
（1）句意：菲比来自伦敦，作为交换生在我们班学习。student可数名词单数，表泛指，前需加定冠词，又exchange以元音音素开头需用 an。故在exchange前加an。
（2）句意：她在过去三年里一直在学习汉语，但上周的期末考试仍然不及格。last week是一般过去时的标志词，需用一般过去时。故fails改为failed。
（3）句意：我们的老师说她还得用新语言学习很多东西，这让她很不高兴。分析句子结构，此处为非限制性定语从句的引导词，先行词为上文整句话，表示一件事，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故what改为which。
（4）句意：看到这一点，我试着安慰她，并给她一些建议，告诉她如何提高自己的语言技能，这样她下次就能拿到好成绩。本句中已经含有一个谓语动词tried，且无连词，故需使用非谓语动词，逻辑主语I和see之间为主动关系，使用现在分词作状语。故See改为Seeing。
（5）句意：看到这一点，我试着安慰她，并给她一些建议，告诉她如何提高自己的语言技能，这样她下次就能拿到好成绩。suggestion可数名词，前有some修饰，因此要用复数。故suggestion改为 suggestions。
（6）句意：她感动得热泪盈眶。动词-ing结尾的形容词多用来修饰物，动词-ed结尾的形容词多用来修饰人。本句主语为she，所以要使用-ed结尾的形容词。故moving改为moved。
（7）句意：后来，我收到了她的一封漂亮的电子邮件，她对我的好意表示感谢。结合句意可知，此处表达"后来"，用副词later。故Late改为Later。
（8）句意：后来，我收到了她的一封漂亮的电子邮件，她对我的好意表示感谢。my为形容词性物主代词，后需加名词kindness"善意"。故kind改为kindness。
（9）句意：我不知道该写什么，但我感到很高兴。用副词修饰前面形容词sure，exactly"准确地"。故exact改为exactly。
（10）句意：多么美好的经历，我不会忘记。分析句子结构，此句为关系代词that引导的定语从句，先行词experience在从句作宾语，it是多余的。故将it删除。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及冠词，时态，定语从句，非谓语动词，名词，形容词，副词以及代词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
52．【答案】暂未更新
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写一封信邀请他观看 。写作背景： 你的英国朋友 Dave 对中国汉字很感兴趣。最近你校将举行中国汉字听写大赛 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1）大赛时间、地点；2）大赛意义；3）期待回复。 考生需要根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），并进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。最后连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。
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