吉林省长春市部分中学2022-2023学年高三下学期开学考试英语试题（音频暂未更新）

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吉林省长春市部分中学2022-2023学年高三下学期开学考试英语试题
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1．（2023高三下·长春开学考）Why does the woman refuse to lend the car to the man
A．Her parents don't allow her to lend it out.
B．Her parents will use it this afternoon.
C．She will drive it to the post office.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Sue, could you lend me your car this afternoon
W: Pete, it isn't my car. It's my parents'.
M: I just need to mail this package at the post office.
W: Sorry, Pete. My parents would shoot me. They'll come back soon.
【分析】问题：为什么女士拒绝把车借给男士？根据“My parents would shoot me. ”我的父母会杀了我，故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
2．（2023高三下·长春开学考）What is the man's job
A．A luggage handler. B．An airline pilot. C．A taxi driver.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: How much will you charge to drive me to the airport
M: The fee is $40, plus the tip, madam. Do you have any luggage
W: Just this carry-on.
【分析】问题：男士的工作是什么？根据“How much will you charge to drive me to the airport ”开车送我去机场要多少钱？；以及“The fee is $40, plus the tip, madam. Do you have any luggage ”费用是40美元，外加小费，夫人。你有行李吗？故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
3．（2023高三下·长春开学考）When will the woman have her hair cut
A．At 10:00 this Friday.
B．At 9:30 this Saturday.
C．At 12:00 this Saturday.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: I'd like to make an appointment to have my hair cut please. This Friday or Saturday in the morning.
M: We can do on Friday at 10:00, then on Saturday there's 9:30 or 12:00.
W: I'll take the earlier one on Saturday please.
【分析】问题：女士什么时候理发？根据“We can do on Friday at 10:00, then on Saturday there's 9:30 or 12:00.”我们可以在星期五十点做，然后星期六九点半或十二点；以及“ I'll take the earlier one on Saturday please.”星期六我要早一点的。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．（2023高三下·长春开学考）What does the man mean
A．They have another week to decide.
B．They should decide by Friday.
C．They'd better decide right now.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Let's choose a topic for our group's in-class debate.
W: Good idea. I think we have to tell the professor by Friday.
M: By Friday I don't think so. I thought he said a week from Friday.
【分析】问题：男士是什么意思？根据“Let's choose a topic for our group's in-class debate.”让我们为小组的课堂辩论选择一个话题；“Good idea. I think we have to tell the professor by Friday.”好主意。我想我们必须在星期五之前告诉教授；以及“By Friday I don't think so. I thought he said a week from Friday.”星期五之前？我不这么认为。我以为他说了离星期五还有一周。可推知他的意思是他们还有一周时间决定。故选A。
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
5．（2023高三下·长春开学考）Where are the speakers
A．At home. B．In the street. C．On the sea.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: It's getting late and the sea looks rough. We'd better head home. It may take hours for us to go against the winds
M: That's all right because if it gets dark, the harbor is well-lit.
【分析】问题：谈话人在哪里？根据“It's getting late and the sea looks rough. We'd better head home.”天色已晚，海面看起来很汹涌。我们最好回家；以及“That's all right because if it gets dark, the harbor is well-lit.”没关系，因为如果天黑了，港口的光线很好。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去听关键词。
二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
（2023高三下·长春开学考）听材料，回答问题。
6．What are the speakers discussing in general
A．Advice on human cloning.
B．The methods to do human cloning.
C．Their position on human cloning.
7．Who is the man probably to be
A．The woman's doctor.
B．The woman's boss.
C．The woman's classmate.
【答案】6．C
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Have you finished the work I ordered
W: You mean the document that will spell out our position on human cloning I'm still having problems determining what our position should be.
M: But we need to get our position out immediately.
W: Maybe it'd help if we talk this out together.
M: I feel that cloning should be very helpful in the field of medicine. I'm extremely concerned about parents who are unable to have children naturally. Cloning would allow these parents to have children.
W: Anything else
M: That's it for now. Write this up quickly and have it on my desk before you leave for the day.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
6．问题：总的来说，谈话人在讨论什么？根据对话内容可知，他们在谈论他们对克隆人的立场。故选C。
7．问题：男士可能是谁？根据对话内容，可推知男士可能是女士的上司，故选B。
（2023高三下·长春开学考）听材料，回答问题。
8．What is the matter with the woman's brother
A．He hit his head. B．He hurt his back. C．He is not breathing.
9．What does the man advise the woman to do
A．Check her brother's neck.
B．Help her brother stand up.
C．Leave her brother where he is.
【答案】8．A
9．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Emergency Services. Can I help you
W: Yes, please help me! My brother fell down the stairs and he's unable to move!
M: Miss, please calm down. Is your brother breathing
W: Yes, he's breathing, but he hit his head and he won't wake up.
M: Please give me your name and address.
W: I'm Linda Smith. We're at 254 Main Street. It's the green house near the corner of Pine Street.
M: OK, Miss Smith, the ambulance should be there within fifteen minutes.
W: What should I do now
M: It's possible that your brother may have injured his neck, so it's very important that you do not try to move him. Other than that, just try to keep calm and wait for the ambulance to arrive.
W: I'll do that.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
8．问题：女士的哥哥怎么了？根据“but he hit his head and he won't wake up.”但他撞到了头，没有醒来。故选A。
9．问题：男士建议女士做什么？根据“It's possible that your brother may have injured his neck, so it's very important that you do not try to move him. Other than that, just try to keep calm and wait for the ambulance to arrive.”你哥哥可能伤了他的脖子，所以你不要试图移动他是非常重要的。除此之外，请保持冷静，等待救护车到来。故选C。
（2023高三下·长春开学考）听材料，回答问题。
10．What does the woman think of the man's neighbor at first
A．Considerate. B．Helpful. C．Troublesome.
11．How did the man help his neighbor
A．He found his key for him.
B．He looked after his plants.
C．He helped him move furniture.
12．What problem did the man's neighbor bring
A．He once disturbed the man at 2:00 a. m.
B．He often held all-night parties.
C．He complained too much.
【答案】10．B
11．B
12．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: You know what I have one neighbor that I'm pretty friendly with. He helped me move some furniture last month.
W: Oh, that was nice of him.
M: Yeah, it was. I've helped him, too. The last time he was away, he gave me a key so I could go in and water his plants.
W: Neighbors can help each other out like that.
M: Yeah, but sometimes it can be a problem too. Last week, he came back late from a party and couldn't find his key. So he knocked on my door at 2:00 a.m. and wanted his key back!
W: At 2:00 a.m. No way! Well, it's a little inconsiderate. Did you complain to him about it
M: No. I need him to help me move some more furniture next week!
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
10．问题：女士一开始觉得男士的邻居怎么样？根据“I have one neighbor that I'm pretty friendly with. He helped me move some furniture last month.”我有一个相处很好的邻居。上个月他帮我搬了一些家具；以及“Oh, that was nice of him.”哦，他真是太好了。故选B。
11．问题：男士是如何帮助他的邻居的？根据“The last time he was away, he gave me a key so I could go in and water his plants.”上次他不在的时候，他给了我一把钥匙，这样我就可以进去给他的植物浇水了。故选B。
12．问题：男士的邻居带来了什么问题？根据“So he knocked on my door at 2:00 a.m. and wanted his key back!”所以他凌晨2点敲了我的门，想要拿回钥匙！故选A。
（2023高三下·长春开学考）听材料，回答问题。
13．Why does the man talk with the woman
A．To ask her about the course arrangements.
B．To design a guide for new students.
C．To give her some advice.
14．What is the woman's first impression of the town
A．It is crowded.
B．People there are quite friendly.
C．It is quiet in the evening.
15．What was the woman dissatisfied with about the school
A．The food. B．The course. C．The living condition.
16．What does the woman suggest doing
A．Improving the environment of studies.
B．Having regular meetings with professors.
C．Communicating with classmates once a week.
【答案】13．B
14．C
15．A
16．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Hi, Kate, come in. How are you today
W: Fine, thanks.
M: Well, as I explained on the phone, I'm an adviser here at the Student Services section of the university. And I'm interviewing overseas students to help me draw up a guide for new students. So I'd be grateful if you could tell me a little about your life since you've been here in Cambridge.
W: Right.
M: OK. What was your first impression of the town when you arrived
W: Well first of all I was struck by how quiet it is here in the evening.
M: Yes, I suppose so. Where did you live when you first arrived
W: I went straight into a student apartment. The food there was terrible. And I haven't managed to make many friends even though the place is full. People seem to keep to themselves; they're not really very friendly.
M: Oh I'm sorry to hear that. What about the course
W: Well, I'm doing a Master's by coursework in Environment Studies. It's pretty good really, but I feel there have been few chances to communicate with the teachers. They all seem to be quite busy.
M: So could anything be done to improve the course
W: Well ... I think it would be helpful to have meetings with professors on the course. Say once for two weeks- something like that.
M: Regular meetings. Yes, that could certainly help. Thanks, Kate.
【点评】考查细节理解，首先理解题干，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
13．问题：为什么男士和女士说话？根据“ And I'm interviewing overseas students to help me draw up a guide for new students. ”我正在采访海外学生，以帮助我为新学生制定指南。故选B。
14．问题：女士对这个城市的第一印象是什么？根据“Well first of all I was struck by how quiet it is here in the evening.”首先，我被这里晚上的安静所震惊。故选C。
15．问题：这位女士对学校有什么不满？根据“ The food there was terrible. And I haven't managed to make many friends even though the place is full. ”那里的食物糟透了。而且我还没能交到很多朋友，尽管那里已经坐满了。故选A。
16．问题：这位女士建议做什么？根据“I think it would be helpful to have meetings with professors on the course. Say once for two weeks- something like that.”我认为在这门课上与教授们会面会很有帮助。两个星期开一次——差不多。故选B。
（2023高三下·长春开学考） 听材料，回答问题。
17．What do readers need to do to understand My Life
A．Read the writer's other books.
B．Know about the writer's life.
C．Read it slowly.
18．Why does John go to London in Goodbye to the Fields
A．His parents both come from there.
B．He doesn't like the countryside.
C．His father has got a job there.
19．What is the disadvantage of Holidays in Europe
A．It doesn't describe places well.
B．Its maps are not practical.
C．It costs too much money.
20．Who will find next week's program useful
A．People who are planning to buy books as presents.
B．People who are trying to save money.
C．People who enjoy reading reports.
【答案】17．A
18．C
19．B
20．A
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】 M: Welcome to this week's book program. We've got lots of great new books to tell you about. My Life, by Joe Wrigley, will keep all fans of Joe's stories happy for hours. It explains a lot about where his ideas come from and gives a picture of what was happening in his life when he was working on his most successful books. I must say, though, that some of it is difficult to understand if you haven't read his other books. Now, for those of you who like a good cry, Goodbye to the Fields, by Susan Marks, tells the sad story of John, a small boy who has to leave the countryside he loves when the family move to London because of his father's job. John and his mother would prefer to stay where they are. It's a long time before the family begins to feel comfortable living in the big city. The last book this week is Holidays in Europe, by Mary Curtis. This is an enjoyable read, which will give you helpful information if you plan for next year's holiday. It doesn't matter that the writer doesn't talk about the famous places everyone visits, but describes lots of small places away from the main tourist areas The maps are too small to be useful but the book is still good value for money. That's it for this week, then. Next week, there's a special report on giving books as presents, so if you've saved up your money and you're wondering what to get for a friend or a relative for their birthdays, you might get some good ideas. I'll look forward to talking to you then.
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题：读者需要做什么才能了解《我的生活》？根据“I must say, though, that some of it is difficult to understand if you haven't read his other books.”不过，我必须说，如果你没有读过他的其他书，有些内容很难理解。故选A。
18．问题： John 为什么要在《再见了，田地》中去伦敦？根据“Now, for those of you who like a good cry, Goodbye to the Fields, by Susan Marks, tells the sad story of John, a small boy who has to leave the countryside he loves when the family move to London because of his father's job.”现在，对于那些喜欢痛哭一场的人来说，Susan Marks的《再见了，田地》讲述了一个关于约翰（John）的悲伤故事。约翰是一个小男孩，由于父亲的工作，全家搬到伦敦后，他不得不离开他所爱的乡村。故选C。
19．问题：欧洲度假的缺点是什么？根据“The maps are too small to be useful but the book is still good value for money. ”这些地图太小，用处不大，但这本书仍然物超所值。故选B。
20．问题：谁会觉得下周的计划有用？根据“Next week, there's a special report on giving books as presents, so if you've saved up your money and you're wondering what to get for a friend or a relative for their birthdays, you might get some good ideas.”下周，有一个关于送书作为礼物的特别报告，所以如果你攒够了钱，你想知道朋友或亲戚的生日礼物是什么，你可能会得到一些好主意。故选A。
三、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
（2023高三下·长春开学考）阅读理解
The Nobel Literature Prizes are awarded to the persons who shall have produced in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction. The following are some famous female winners in recent years.
Herta Müller (from Germany)
The Nobel Prize winner in Literature 2009. Her works are rooted in her experiences as one of Romania's German-speaking racial minority. Muller describes how dictatorship(独裁)causes a fear and sense of distance that stays in an individual's mind. With precise language, she recalls images from the past.
Svetlana Alexievich (from Belarus)
The Nobel Prize winner in Literature 2015. Svetlana Alexievich represents life during and after the Soviet Union(苏联)through the experience of individuals. She uses interviews to create a picture of a wide range of voices. Her books are a combination of oral history and deeply psychological literature, composed of stories collected on a simple tape recorder.
Louise Glück (from America)
The Nobel Prize winner in Literature 2020. The prize committee stressed "Her unmistakable poetic voice with plain beauty makes individual existence universal". Childhood, family life, and the close relationships with family are themes that have remained central to her. She seeks the universal, and in this she takes inspiration from myths and classical themes.
Annie Ernaux (from France)
The Nobel Prize winner in Literature in 2022. She usually describes the events in her life and the lives of those around her. "The courage and clinical sensitivity with which she uncovers the roots, separations and collective restriction of personal memory" is the reason she was awarded the prize according to Swedish Academy.
21．How does Svetlana Alexievich create her works
A．By interview. B．By biography.
C．By short stories. D．By memoir.
22．What makes Glück's works popular according to the prize committee
A．Her family life. B．Individual existence.
C．Simple beauty. D．Fictional structure.
23．What do the four winners' works have in common
A．They are rooted in life experience.
B．They create a lot of pictures for their books.
C．They bring light to the root of people's memory.
D．They are focused on the relationship between individuals.
【答案】21．A
22．C
23．A
【知识点】细节理解题；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了近年来几个著名的诺贝尔文学奖的女性获奖者。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇人物类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据Svetlana Alexievich (from Belarus)部分中的“She uses interviews to create a picture of a wide range of voices.”她通过采访创造了一个广泛的声音图片。可知，Svetlana Alexievich通过采访创作了她的作品，故选A。
22．考查细节理解。根据Louise Glück (from America)部分中的“The prize committee stressed ‘Her unmistakable poetic voice with plain beauty makes individual existence universal’.”该奖委员会强调“她那清晰的诗意嗓音和朴素的美使得个体的存在具有普遍性”。可知，根据评委会，Gluck的作品朴素的美受到人们的欢迎，故选C。
23．考查细节理解。根据Herta Müller (from Germany)部分中的“Her works are rooted in her experiences as one of Romania's German-speaking racial minority.”她的作品植根于她作为罗马尼亚讲德语的少数民族之一的经历；Svetlana Alexievich (from Belarus)部分中的“Svetlana Alexievich represents life during and after the Soviet Union(苏联)through the experience of individuals. ”Svetlana Alexievich通过个人的经历展现了苏联时期和苏联解体后的生活；Louise Glück (from America)部分中的“Childhood, family life, the close relationships with family is a theme that has remained central to her.”童年，家庭生活，与家庭的亲密关系是一个主题，一直是她的中心；以及Annie Ernaux (from France)部分中的“She usually describes the events in her life and the lives of those around her.”她经常描述自己生活中发生的事情以及周围人的生活。可知，这四位诺贝尔获奖者的作品的共同之处在于它们都是植根于生活经验。故选A。
（2023高三下·长春开学考） 阅读理解
It was Christmas Eve when my elder sister and I decided to open our presents before our mom got home from work. She usually came home about an hour after we got home from school, which we thought was plenty of time to take a peek at the gifts under the tree.
My elder sister opened present after present while I was ordered to stand guard at the big window in our front room. Finally, when my sister's curiosity was satisfied, we traded places.
After unwrapping a few presents, I found it faster to open one end of a present and peek inside. "Cool! Mom and Dad got me head phones for my stereo!" I pulled the headphones out of the box and was about to put them on when my sister shouted, "Quick! Wrap it back up! Mom's coming!"
I put the headphones back hurriedly in the box but my hands were shaking. My heart pounded harder as I tried to get the tape to stick. I had just finished burying the package with my headphones in it when my mother came into the front room. I jumped up and said, "Hi, Mom!" She smiled at me and said "Hi" back, but didn't appear to suspect a thing. My heart began to slow as I took a deep breath.
On Christmas morning, my sister and I smiled and gave award-winning performances when we opened our presents again. "Headphones!" I shouted. "Thanks, it's just what I wanted." After everything had been opened, my sister and I looked at each other, and our eyes met. Our secret was safe, but somehow Christmas morning didn't feel the same.
My sister and I never opened our Christmas presents early again. I don't know if it was that opening our gifts for the second time just wasn't as much fun as the first time, or if we came too close to getting caught and didn't want to think about what our mother would have done to us.
24．What did the author and his sister do before their mother came back
A．They bought some Christmas presents.
B．They put Christmas presents under the tree.
C．They opened Christmas presents in advance.
D．They changed Christmas presents quickly.
25．How did the author feel when his mother was coming
A．Grateful and moved. B．Cheerful and excited.
C．Curious and surprised. D．Nervous and frightened.
26．Why did that Christmas morning give the author a different feeling
A．His secret was found out.
B．His request wasn't satisfied.
C．A festival atmosphere was everywhere.
D．A pleasant surprise was lost.
27．What can we infer about the author from the last paragraph
A．He didn't like the headphones.
B．He regretted what he had done.
C．He couldn't find his Christmas present.
D．He wasn't pleased with his mother.
【答案】24．C
25．D
26．D
27．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，出于好奇心，作者和姐姐在圣诞节前夕趁母亲不在时偷偷提前打开了圣诞礼物。可是，当圣诞节清晨打开礼物的那一刻来临时，作者却体会到一种失落感。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查细节理解。根据第一段“It was Christmas Eve when my elder sister and decided to open our presents before our mom got home from work. She usually came home about an hour after we got home from school, which we thought was plenty of time to take a peek at the gifts under the tree.”那是圣诞节前夕，我的姐姐和我决定在妈妈下班回家之前打开我们的礼物。她通常在我们放学回家后一个小时左右回家，我们认为这是足够的时间来偷看树下的礼物；以及第三段中的“After unwrapping a few presents, I found it faster to open one end of a present and peek inside. ”打开几件礼物后，我发现打开礼物的一端并偷看里面会更快。可知，出于好奇心，作者和姐姐在圣诞节前夕趁母亲不在时偷偷提前打开了圣诞礼物。故选C。
25．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“I put the headphones back hurriedly in the box but my hands were shaking. My heart pounded harder as I tried to get the tape to stick.”我急忙把耳机放回盒子里，但我的手在发抖。当我试图让胶带粘住时，我的心跳得更厉害了。可知，听到母亲马上要回来，作者双手发抖、心跳加快。可推知，作者既紧张又害怕。故选D。
26．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段“On Christmas morning, my sister and I smiled and gave award-winning performances when we opened our presents — again. ‘Headphones!’ I shouted. ‘Thanks, it's just what I wanted.’ After everything had been opened, my sister and I looked at each other, and our eyes met. Our secret was safe, but somehow Christmas morning didn’t feel the same. ”在圣诞节的早晨，我和姐姐微笑着并用获奖般的演技再次打开礼物。“耳机！”我喊道。“谢谢，这正是我想要的。”一切都打开后，我和姐姐看着彼此，目光相遇。我们的秘密是安全的，但不知为何，圣诞节的早晨感觉不一样。可推知，圣诞节清晨作者打开礼物后假装激动和兴奋，其实那份惊喜是不存在的，可得出那个圣诞节的早晨给了作者一种不同的感觉是因为失去了一个惊喜。故选D。
27．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“My sister and I never opened our Christmas presents early again. I don’t know if it was that opening our gifts for the second time just wasn't as much fun as the first time, or if we came too close to getting caught and didn’t want to think about what our mother would have done to us. ”我和姐姐再也没有早早打开过圣诞礼物。我不知道是因为第二次打开我们的礼物没有第一次那么有趣，还是因为我们离被抓住太近了，不想去想妈妈会对我们做什么。可知，作者和姐姐从此以后再也没有提前打开过圣诞礼物，作者分析可能的原因是第二次打开礼物不再有真正的惊喜和兴奋感。可判断他对自己之前提前打开礼物的做法是感到后悔的。故选B。
（2023高三下·长春开学考）阅读理解
The idea of Buy Now Pay Later or BNPL, has attracted millions of shoppers with the promise of interest-free credit. An incredible 45 percent of 18 to 24-year-olds in the UK turned to BNPL last year, according to The Money Charity. Lenders say they offer a better deal than credit cards, because they do not charge interest but make money from affiliate deals (关联交易) with retailers (零售商). It may be a new way of borrowing money, but the old rules still apply: unless you repay the debt quickly, you are building up trouble for the future.
Now, BNPLs are growing in popularity and do have upsides — mostly convenient shopping with no interest financing and no strict approval requirements. However, they also make it effortless to overshop, overspend, and get in over your head with credit problems.
Lenders pay the retailer on your behalf, and then you repay over 30 days or three months, spreading the cost to help with your cash flow. They say this is fairer and less expensive than credit cards. That may be true, but BNPL has dangers, too.
BNPL lenders may not charge any interest, but they still want you to pay back the money you have borrowed, so what if you can't Typically, you have 30 days to pay. If you don't, your lender will contact you to chase late payments. If you still don't pay, they call in the debt collectors.
Citizens Advice says that 14 million used a BNPL product last year, but six million did not understand what they were signing up for. Some 26% of BNPL customers regretted their choice, while 41% struggled with repayment. Younger people were particularly at risk. A quarter of those making BNPL repayments couldn't afford food, rent or bills as a result.
Another worry is that BNPL lenders only perform soft searches on a person's credit report, so do not see the borrower's true credit status. This means they cannot remove people with financial problems and may end up adding to their troubles. BNPL lenders say they do careful checks to make sure they never lend more than a consumer can afford to pay back, and also pause accounts if a single payment is late. Nobody wants to be pursued by debt collectors. If you do use BNPL credit, never borrow more than you can afford to repay.
28．How do BNPL lenders earn profits according to the text
A．They force borrowers to pay their debts.
B．They require payment for retailers' services.
C．They receive a certain fee from affiliate deals.
D．They charge interest from 18 to 24-year-old users.
29．Why does BNPL become more and more popular
A．For strict approval requirements and no interest.
B．For its convenience of shopping with high interest.
C．For buying anything needed without credit problems.
D．For convenient shopping and no strict approval requirements.
30．What problem does the Buy Now Pay Later method have
A．All the young people can't repay the debt quickly.
B．It is difficult to know the borrower's real credit status.
C．More than half of BNPL customers can't afford the payments.
D．BNPL has to depend on debt collectors to get back the money.
31．What do the underlined words "get in over your head" in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．To make up your mind.
B．To start to feel happy.
C．To be involved in a difficult situation.
D．To show an indifferent attitude.
【答案】28．C
29．D
30．B
31．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了BNPL越来越受欢迎, 以无息信贷的承诺吸引了数百万购物者，但是也存在着潜在的风险。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Lenders say they offer a better deal than credit cards, because they do not charge interest but make money from affiliate deals (关联交易) with retailers (零售商). ”贷方表示，他们提供的交易比信用卡更好，因为他们不收取利息，而是从与零售商的关联交易中赚钱。可知，BNPL贷款人从联盟交易中收取一定的费用，故选C。
29．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Now, BNPLs are growing in popularity and do have upsides — mostly convenient shopping with interest-easy financing and no strict approval requirements.”现在，BNPL越来越受欢迎，而且确实有好处——大多是购物方便，融资方便，没有严格的审批要求。可知，BNPL越来越受欢迎是因为方便购物，无严格的审批要求。故选D。
30．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Another worry is that BNPL lenders only perform ‘soft’ searches on a person's credit report, so do not see the borrower's true credit status.”另一个担忧是BNPL贷款人只对个人的信用报告进行‘软’搜索，因此看不到借款人的真实信用状况。可知，BNPL的问题是很难知道借款人的真实信用状况。故选B。
31．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Nobody wants to be pursued by debt collectors. If you do use BNPL credit, never borrow more than you can afford to repay. ”没有人愿意被讨债人追杀。如果你确实使用了BNPL信贷，千万不要借款超过你偿还能力。可知，作者客观介绍了BNPL越来越受欢迎, 以无息信贷的承诺吸引了数百万购物者，但是也存在着潜在的风险。可推知，作者对BNPL的态度是客观的。故选C。
（2023高三下·长春开学考） 阅读理解
Psychologists have long believed that personalities are relatively immune to changes following collective stressful events, such as natural disasters, but the COVID-19 pandemic appears to be an exception, said Angelina Sutin, a psychologist at Florida State University. Researchers from a new study analyzed answers from 7,109 adults in the United States, based on the Big Five personality traits: neuroticism (神经过敏症), extroversion (外向), openness, agreeableness and dutifulness. The participants, aged 18 to 109, took multiple personality tests on their phones or computers measuring these traits before and during the pandemic.
In the first, "acute" phase from March 2020 to December 2020, personality traits remained fairly consistent with pre-pandemic surveys, with only neuroticism slightly declining. By the second phase, defined as the "adaptation" period from January 2021 to February 2022, there were no overall shifts in neuroticism relative to pre-pandemic levels, but adults had become less extroverted, open, agreeable and dutiful. Also, younger adults' personalities changed the most, while the oldest group had no significant shifts. And no other age group saw an increase in neuroticism in the second phase, but adults under 30 did.
"The results don't hold true for each person. So it's no surprise if you don't see that same change in yourself or those closest to you," Sutin said.
Although personality doesn't directly control mental health, Sutin is advocating for more research into the impact that pandemic-related personality changes may have on well- being, particularly for young adults. "We need to do what we can to help support younger adults as much as possible, so they can make better transitions into adulthood and reduce the stress that they face to help improve their mental health and long-term outcomes," said Sutin.
Still, the study had a few downsides, said Brent Roberts, a psychologist at the University of Illinois Banana-Champaign. There was no control group of people who hadn't experienced the pandemic, and other explanations weren't explored, making it hard to assess if these personality changes were directly caused by the pandemic.
32．How may psychologists feel about the pandemic's impact on personality
A．Concerned. B．Uninterested. C．Unexpected. D．Annoyed.
33．How did participants get involved in the study
A．By responding to questions online.
B．By making some personal requests.
C．By analyzing their personality traits.
D．By recording their daily life with phones.
34．What did the findings of the research indicate regarding personalities
A．Neuroticism remained consistent.
B．The two phases shared similar results.
C．Young adults underwent more changes.
D．The older people were, the more shifts they had.
35．What is the last paragraph intended to show about the study
A．Its prospect. B．Its limitations.
C．Its significance. D．Its advancement.
【答案】32．C
33．A
34．C
35．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了心理学家长期以来一直认为，在自然灾害等集体压力事件发生后，性格相对不会发生变化，但新冠肺炎疫情似乎是个例外，人们性格发生了变化。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
32．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Psychologists have long believed that personalities are relatively immune to changes following collective stressful events, such as natural disasters, but the COVID-19 pandemic appears to be an exception, said Angelina Sutin, a psychologist at Florida State University.”佛罗里达州立大学心理学家安吉丽娜·苏廷表示，心理学家长期以来一直认为，在自然灾害等集体压力事件发生后，性格相对不会发生变化，但新冠肺炎疫情似乎是个例外。可知，新冠肺炎疫情居然让人们性格发生了变化，这是一个例外，让心理学家意想不到。故选C。
33．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“The participants, aged 18 to 109, took multiple personality tests on their phones or computers measuring these traits before and during the pandemic.”参与者年龄在18岁至109岁之间，在疫情之前和期间，他们在手机或电脑上进行了多项性格测试，测量这些特征。可知，参与者通过在线回答问题参与研究的。故选A。
34．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Also, younger adults’ personalities changed the most, while the oldest group had no significant shifts. And no other age group saw an increase in neuroticism in the second phase, but adults under 30 did.”此外，年轻人的性格变化最大，而年龄最大的群体没有明显变化。在第二阶段，没有其他年龄组的神经质有所增加，但30岁以下的成年人有所增加；以及第四段中的“Although personality doesn't directly control mental health, Sutin is advocating for more research into the impact that pandemic-related personality changes may have on well being, particularly for young adults.”尽管个性并不能直接控制心理健康，但Sutin主张对与疫情相关的性格变化可能对健康产生的影响进行更多研究，尤其是对年轻人。可知，研究结果表明，年轻人性格经历了更多的变化。故选C。
35．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Still, the study had a few downsides, said Brent Roberts, a psychologist at the University of Illinois Banana-Champaign. There was no control group of people who hadn’t experienced the pandemic, and other explanations weren’t explored, making it hard to assess if these personality changes were directly caused by the pandemic.”伊利诺伊大学香蕉-香槟分校的心理学家布伦特·罗伯茨表示，尽管如此，这项研究仍有一些缺点。没有一组没有经历过疫情的人作为对照，也没有探索其他解释，因此很难评估这些性格变化是否是由疫情直接导致的。可知，作者在最后一段想告诉读者这项研究的局限性。故选B。
四、任务型阅读(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
（2023高三下·长春开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You will be leaving this school at the end of this year and the unavoidable question many people will ask you is, "So, what do you want to be " Some of you may have already decided on a career path. 　36． 　 Here are some things you might want to consider.
First, does the career you are considering have staying power Will it be in demand in 20 years Rapid technological change is disruptive. 　37． 　 While many occupations are being taken over by new technology, jobs that require high-level of critical thinking, emotional intelligence and human interaction remain in high demand. These jobs are more adaptable and not easily replaced by machines or technology.
Second, choose a career that interests you. Some people might think this is unimportant, but if you are truly passionate about your job then going to work every day won't seem a chore. It's also likely that you will stay and grow in this career. Before making a choice, you should examine your values, skills and personality type. 　38． 　
Third, of course you will want to consider your chosen profession's earning power! Although high pay plays a part, you should know that a job with a big salary will likely require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress. 　39． 　 If you have interests outside of work, or are struggling with other demands in your life, you might want to choose a less taxing line of work.
　40． 　 Let me leave you with an old saying: Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life.
A. But many of you still don't have a clue!
B. You need to be forward-looking at your future prospects.
C. Trying different work can help you find out your favorite job.
D. This can help you decide if a career path is a good fit for you.
E. Only the truly motivated will likely be able to meet these challenges.
F. People's wages are lower in industries with slow technological change.
G. Thinking about a life-long career at this stage in your life is surely challenging.
【答案】36．A；37．B；38．D；39．E；40．G
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在选择职业道路的时候你可能需要考虑的事情。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇介绍类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前的“ Some of you may have already decided on a career path. ”你们中的一些人可能已经决定了自己的职业道路；以及空后“ Here are some things you might want to consider.”这里有一些你可能需要考虑的事情。可知，设空处应该承接前文内容——有些人已经确定了自己的职业道路，但是有些人还没有任何的想法。故后文针对这个情况提出了几个需要考虑的事情。A. But many of you still don’t have a clue!“但你们中的许多人仍然不知道!”符合语境。故选A。
37．根据空前“First, does the career you are considering have staying power Will it be in demand in 20 years Rapid technological change is disruptive. ”首先，你考虑的职业有持久力吗？20年后还会有需求吗？快速的技术变革具有破坏性。可知，此处提出技术变革会改变职业，要考虑未来可能的变化，A. We need to be forward-looking at our future prospects.“我们需要展望未来的前景”承接上文，提出要展望职业前景，句中“future prospects”与上文“in 20 years”相照应。上下文语意连贯。故选B。
38．根据空前“Before making a choice, you should examine your values, skills and personality type. ”在做出选择之前，你应该审视自己的价值观、技能和性格类型。可知，此处提出选择职业前要进行自我评估。D. This can help you decide if a career path is a good fit for you.“这可以帮助你决定一个职业道路是否适合你”承接上文，说明这样做的作用，句中“This”指代上文中“examine your values, skills and personality type”。上下文语意连贯。故选D。
39．根据空前“you should know that a job with a big salary will likely require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress.”但你应该知道，高薪的工作可能需要更多的时间才能达到顶峰，需要付出更多的努力和更大的压力。此处提出与高薪相伴的是更多的付出与挑战。E. Only the truly motivated will likely be able to meet these challenges.“只有真正有动力的人才有可能迎接这些挑战”承接上文，说明什么样的人才能面对这些挑战，句中“these challenges”与上文“require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress”相照应。故选E。
40．根据空后“Let me leave you with an old saying: ‘Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life.’”让我用一句老话留给你们：“选择一份你喜欢的工作，你一生中一天都不用工作。”G. Thinking about a life-long career at this stage in your life is surely challenging.“在你人生的这个阶段考虑一生的事业无疑是具有挑战性的”提出考虑一生的事业是具有挑战性的事情，符合语境，故选G。
五、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
（2023高三下·长春开学考）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When we married in 2007, we promised to love each other "in sickness and in health". Over the years I shared my 41． with you. But with my full schedule and then a son, Jack, in 2008, we were very 42． . Then in December 2015, a big fall 43． you with stroke (中风) and speech difficulties. "Whatever, I'm here," I comforted you. It meant that life needed a 44． .
"Is now the time to realize our dream to start fostering (领养), at last " I asked you. "Let's go for it," you said. I quit my job and 45． a fostering charity with bases across the country. "My husband is 46． . Does that rule us out " I asked the clerk. "Not 47． ," I was told. Eight months after filling in the first forms, we finally got the 48． news.
In July 2020, we 49． our now 15-year-old foster daughter, Millie. She was so 50． the first time we all sat in the garden, especially nervous around men. But you 51． her over. Soon she was 52． along with us at your jokes! Meanwhile, we made a 53． while I did her hair or when we walked our dog. With time, Millie started to see our house as her home. Now, we're on the path to 54． more foster kids.
Thank you for helping me share the love we've built with 55． who need it most. We've turned a difficult time into something beautiful.
41．A．sorrow B．knowledge C．victory D．dream
42．A．occupied B．free C．careful D．curious
43．A．helped B．charged C．left D．rewarded
44．A．rush B．change C．stop D．risk
45．A．founded B．declined C．discovered D．funded
46．A．shy B．disabled C．busy D．humorous
47．A．necessarily B．importantly C．merely D．clearly
48．A．interesting B．depressing C．upsetting D．amazing
49．A．met B．interviewed C．lost D．encouraged
50．A．curious B．anxious C．confident D．energetic
51．A．took B．covered C．won D．knocked
52．A．aiming B．striking C．wondering D．laughing
53．A．wish B．connection C．mark D．preparation
54．A．break up B．calm down C．agree with D．take in
55．A．parents B．pets C．kids D．patients
【答案】41．D；42．A；43．C；44．B；45．C；46．B；47．A；48．D；49．A；50．B；51．C；52．D；53．B；54．D；55．C
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和丈夫早些年忙于事业和孩子。在丈夫摔倒中风后，他们开始领养孩子。在收养孩子的路上，他们把两人建立起的爱分享给需要爱的孩子们。他们一路扶持走过艰难，把困难的日子演绎成美好生活。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：这么多年来，我和你分享我的梦想。A. sorrow“悲伤”；B. knowledge“知识”；C. victory“胜利”；D. dream“梦想”。根据下文“Is now the time to realize our dream to start fostering (领养) ”可知，此处表示“这么多年来，我和你分享我的梦想”。故选D。
42．句意：但我的日程排得满满的，2008年又有了儿子杰克，我们非常忙。A. occupied“忙的”；B. free“自由的”；C. careful“仔细的”；D. curious“好奇的”。根据空前“with my full schedule and then a son, Jack”可知，此处指作者他们很忙。故选A。
43．句意：然后在2015年12月，一次严重的摔倒让你中风，说话变得困难。A. helped“帮助”；B. charged“管理”；C. left“让……处于（某种状态、某地等），留下”；D. rewarded“回报 ”。根据空前“a big fall”可知，此处表示“一次严重的摔倒让你中风和说话困难”。leave sb. with sth.固定短语，“给某人留下某物”，此处指给作者丈夫“留下”中风和说话困难。故选C。
44．句意：这意味着生活需要改变。A. rush“匆忙，赶紧”；B. change“改变”；C. stop“停止”；D. risk“风险”。根据下文“Let's go for it”并结合作者丈夫生病的情况可知，作者觉得这意味着生活需要改变。故选B。
45．句意：我辞掉了工作，发现了一家寄养慈善机构，基地遍布全国。A. founded“建立”；B. declined“拒绝”；C. discovered“发现”；D. funded“资助”。根据空后“a fostering charity with bases across the country”可知，作者发现了一家寄养慈善机构，基地遍布全国，故选C。
46．句意：我丈夫有残疾。A. shy“害羞的”；B. disabled“残疾的”；C. busy“忙的”；D. humorous“幽默的”。根据上文“a big fall 3 you with stroke (中风) and speech difficulties”可知，作者丈夫有残疾。故选B。
47．句意：我被告知“不一定。”A. necessarily“必定”；B. importantly“重要的是”；C. merely“仅仅”；D. clearly“清楚地”。根据下文“In July 2020, we 9 our now 15-year-old foster daughter, Millie”可知，作者最终领养了女儿，所以工作人员的回答是“不一定”。故选A。
48．句意：在填完第一张表格八个月后，我们终于得到了令人惊讶的消息。A. interesting“有趣的”；B. depressing“令人沮丧的”；C. shocking“令人震惊的”；D. amazing“令人惊异的”。根据下文“In July 2020, we 9 our now 15-year-old foster daughter, Millie”可知，作者领养成功，这对于作者和有残疾的丈夫来说是令人惊异的消息。故选D。
49．句意：2020年7月，我们遇到了现在15岁的养女米莉。A. met“遇见”；B. interviewed“采访”；C. lost“丢失”；D. encouraged“鼓励”。根据下文“I did her hair or when we walked our dog”可知，作者遇到了现在15岁的养女米莉。故选A。
50．句意：第一天我们坐在花园里的时候，她是如此焦虑，尤其是在男士面前很紧张。A. curious“好奇的”；B. anxious“焦虑的”；C. confident“自信的”；D. energetic“精力充沛的”。根据空后“nervous around men”可知，她是如此焦虑。故选B。
51．句意：但你赢得了她的心。A. took“拿走”；B. covered“覆盖”；C. won“赢”；D. knocked“敲，击”。根据下文“Millie started to see our house as her home”可知，此处表示“你赢得了她的心”。故选C。
52．句意：很快她就和我们一起被你的笑话逗乐了！A. aiming“瞄准”；B. striking“打，撞”；C. wondering“想知道”；D. laughing“笑”。根据空后“at your jokes”可知，听见笑话应该会笑。故选D。
53．句意：与此同时，当我给她梳头发或遛狗时，我们之间产生了联系。A. wish“愿望”；B. connection“联系”；C. mark“记号”；D. preparation“准备”。根据空后“while I did her hair or when we walked our dog. With time, Millie started to see our house as her home”可知，米莉把作者的家当成自己家了，因此她们之间有了联系。故选B。
54．句意：现在，我们正在接受更多的寄养儿童。A. break up“打碎，破碎”；B. calm down“平静下来”；C. agree with“同意”；D. take in“接受，收留”。根据空后“more foster kids”可知，作者和丈夫正在接受更多的寄养儿童。故选D。
55．句意：谢谢你帮我把我们建立的爱分享给最需要爱的孩子们。A. parents“父母”；B. pets“宠物”；C. kids“孩子”；D. patients“病人”。根据上文“more foster kids”可知，此处表示把建立的爱分享给最需要爱的孩子们。故选C。
六、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2023高三下·长春开学考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shenzhen, a city that pioneered reform and opening-up in China, will allow fully autonomous vehicles 　56． 　 (run) on certain roads.
The new rule, 　57． 　 (schedule) to come into force on August 1, 2022, also clarified rules for liability (责任) in car accidents that involve autonomous driving, 　58． 　 (help) to fill the legal gap in China's smart car industry.
"Shenzhen is giving self-driving cars 　59． 　 legal 'identity card', a key move in accelerating the commercialization of autonomous vehicles," experts said, adding that more legal 　60． 　 (measure) and more testing experience are needed before widening such trials.
The new rule said automakers don't 　61． 　 (necessary) have to equip fully autonomous vehicles with human driving modes and equipment.
But such fully automated vehicles can only run on certain roads and sections designated (指定) by Shenzhen's traffic management department, according to the rule,　62． 　 was published on the official website of Shenzhen Municipal People's Congress on Tuesday.
"In a traffic accident, if the damage 　63． 　 (cause) by the defects of a vehicle, the driver, the owner or the user of the vehicle, after paying for the bill, can request compensation (补偿) from the manufacturer or seller of the car 　64． 　 accordance with laws," the new rule said.
Yu Qian, CEO and founder of QCraft, a Chinese self-driving startup, said, "China's autonomous driving industry is entering a golden development period, with many 　65． 　 (effect) policies becoming increasingly clear and open, and technologies and algorithms (算法) becoming more powerful."
【答案】56．to run；57．scheduled；58．helping；59．a；60．measures；61．necessarily；62．which；63．is caused；64．in；65．effective
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了深圳市关于自动驾驶汽车上路的相关规定。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，冠词，名词，副词，定语从句，时态语态，介词，形容词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：作为中国改革开放的先驱城市，深圳将允许全自动驾驶汽车在某些道路上行驶。allow sb. to do sth.固定短语，“允许某人作某事”，设空处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to run。
57．句意：新规定将于2022年8月1日生效，还明确了涉及自动驾驶的汽车事故的责任规定，有助于填补中国智能汽车行业的法律空白。此处是后置定语，修饰前面的名词the new rule，两者之间为逻辑的被动关系，应用过去分词，故填scheduled。
58．句意：新规定将于2022年8月1日生效，还明确了涉及自动驾驶的汽车事故的责任规定，有助于填补中国智能汽车行业的法律空白。此处和句子的逻辑主语The new rule之间是逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语，故填helping。
59．句意：“深圳正在给自动驾驶汽车发放合法的‘身份证’，这是加速自动驾驶汽车商业化的关键一步”，专家说，他补充说，在扩大这种试验之前，需要更多的法律措施和更多的试验经验。设空处后为名词单数，表泛指，空后形容词legal为辅音音素开头，此处应用不定冠词a，故填a。
60．句意：“深圳正在给自动驾驶汽车发放合法的‘身份证’，这是加速自动驾驶汽车商业化的关键一步”，专家说，他补充说，在扩大这种试验之前，需要更多的法律措施和更多的试验经验。设空处在宾语从句中作主语，根据空前的more，可知设空处应用名词复数的形式。故填measures。
61．句意：新规定称，汽车制造商不一定要给全自动驾驶汽车配备人工驾驶系统，也不一定要有人工驾驶。设空处修饰动词短语have to equip应该用副词形式作状语。故填necessarily。
62．句意：但根据该规定，这种全自动驾驶的车辆只能在深圳市交通管理部门指定的特定道路和路段行驶，该规定于周二发布在深圳市人大官网。 was published on the official website of Shenzhen Municipal People's Congress on Tuesday 是非限制性的定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词为rule，指物，应用关系代词which引导，故填which。
63．句意：在交通事故中，由于车辆的缺陷造成损害的，驾驶员、车主或者车辆的使用者在支付了费用后，可以依法向汽车的制造商或者销售者要求赔偿。此处是条件状语从句的谓语动词，和主语the damage之间是被动关系，叙述客观事实，故设空处为一般现在时的被动语态，从句主语不可数，从句谓语单数形式。故填is caused。
64．句意：在交通事故中，由于车辆的缺陷造成损害的，驾驶员、车主或者车辆的使用者在支付了费用后，可以依法向汽车的制造商或者销售者要求赔偿。in accordance with 固定短语，“依据”，故填in。
65．句意：中国自动驾驶行业正进入黄金发展期，许多有效的政策越来越清晰和开放，技术和算法越来越强大。根据后面的名词policies可知，设空处应用形容词effective作定语修饰名词。故填effective。
七、写作 (共两节，满分40分)
66．（2023高三下·长春开学考）假如你是李华，2月27日你们全班同学参观了市博物馆。请你为校英文报写一篇新闻报道，内容包括：1）参与人员、 时间；2）活动内容；3）活动反响。
注意：1）写作词数应为80左右；
2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
A Visit to the City Museum
【答案】A Visit to the City Museum
On March 20th, all the students in Class 7, Grade 12 paid a visit to the city museum, which turned out to be a rewarding and productive journey.
With the guidance of the museum staff, the students walked from one exhibition hall to another, appreciating the delicate art works made by our ancestors with keen interest. They were also lucky enough to get involved in a hands-on activity where they practiced some traditional crafts.
This immersive experience was highly spoken of by every student, who gained a deeper insight into magnificent Chinese culture and consequently took more pride in our time-honored civilization.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份为校英文报写一篇新闻报道 。写作背景： 2月27日你们全班同学参观了市博物馆。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1）参与人员、 时间；2）活动内容；3）活动反响。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：On March 20th, all the students in Class 7, Grade 12 paid a visit to the city museum, which turned out to be a rewarding and productive journey.运用了非限制性定语从句；With the guidance of the museum staff, the students walked from one exhibition hall to another, appreciating the delicate art works made by our ancestors with keen interest.运用了现在分词作伴随状语，过去分词作定语； They were also lucky enough to get involved in a hands-on activity where they practiced some traditional crafts.运用了限制性定语从句；This immersive experience was highly spoken of by every student, who gained a deeper insight into magnificent Chinese culture and consequently took more pride in our time-honored civilization.运用了非限制性定语从句。
67．（2023高三下·长春开学考） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day a man named Steve Gowan was fishing in the Thames Estuary in Britain. By the end of the day, besides fishes and sea weeds, he fished a messenger bottle. He opened it carefully and inside the bottle was a brief loving letter from a British soldier named Hughes to his wife:
Dear Wife, I am writing this note on this boat and dropping it into the sea just to see if it will reach you. If it does, sign this envelope on the bottom right-hand corner where it says receipt. Put the date and the hour of receipt and your name where it says signature and look after it well.
Ta-ta sweet, for the present. Your Hubby.
Also attached was a note intended for the finder of the bottle:
Sir or madam, would you kindly forward the enclosed letter and earn the blessing of a poor British soldier on his way to the front this ninth day of September, 1914. Signed Private T. Hughes.
Actually, as Hughes crossed the English Channel on 9 September, 1914, at 7:52 p.m. he dropped a message in a green beer bottle over the side of the ship and he died two days later in the war.
85 years later, the bottle was finally caught by Steve Gowan, a fisherman. Steve Gowan examined the letter carefully. It had the soldier's name and army number, so he supposed that the message should be real. But how could he deliver it to the intended recipient In 1999, the Internet was still in its early years. No way would he be able to find Hughes's possible surviving family that way! So, what to do
Well, he put an advertisement in a local paper! The story captured so many hearts and minds that it gained national coverage. Somewhere along the way, through magic and luck, he learned that Hughes's daughter, Emily, was still alive in New Zealand!
注意：
1）续写词数应为150左右;
2）请按如下格式作答。
Right away, Gowan and journalists managed to get in touch with Emily.
……
The local paper decided to offer Mr. Gowan an air ticket to deliver the letter in person.
【答案】【范文赏读 1】
Right away, Gowan and journalists managed to get in touch with Emily. It felt like a miracle to this senior lady and she couldn't even believe it was true. Emily said in an exciting voice," I only possess a few photos of my father and spent most of my life trying to find more about him. I am so happy to hear this discovery!" The letter meant so much to her and it seemed that it was a gift from her father. What was more surprising was another gift from the local paper.
The local paper decided to offer Mr. Gowan an air ticket to deliver the letter in person. Steve Gowan felt it was like a mission and gladly accepted the gift. Hughes's message to his family was finally delivered 85 years after it was sent. When Emily opened the letter with her trembling hands, Gowan witnessed tears, laughter, sweet memories and gratitude, all the mixed feelings from Emily. He felt he had fished not a letter in a bottle but a huge treasure, a bridge connecting the living with the dead, a message bonding a family.
【范文赏读 2】
Right away, Gowan and journalists managed to get in touch with Emily. It took the old lady, who was only two when her father headed off to the battle, really a while to recover from the pleasant surprise. Due to her young age at the time of his death, Emily never knew her father, though she grew up listening to stories about him from her mother and cherishing his award medals. Having only a few photos of her father, Emily spent most of her life trying to find out more about him. She had no idea that a fisherman would give her such a big surprise. Even another amazing thing beyond her expectation was waiting for her too.
The local paper decided to offer Mr. Gowan an air ticket to deliver the letter in person. He jumped at the chance to help Emily connect herself with this lost piece of her past. Emily shed tears of joy when hugging the guest tightly. Holding the amazingly dry and intact note, she offered her heartfelt gratitude, saying the bottle was a great source of warmth and comfort. her eyes glistening with tears, she expressed her sincere appreciation incoherently. Though Gowan joked that he himself a fisherman served as a postman this time, he never expected something clinging to his fishing net would bring so much to a beloved one almost a century later." Thank you, thank you."
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了Steve Gowan在河边钓鱼的时候见到了英国士兵写给他妻子的情书，于是Gowan在报纸上登了广告，找到了这个妻子的女儿Emily。当地报纸给了他一张机票，让他亲自送这封信，最后Emily拿到了信，非常感动。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“Gowan和记者们马上联系上了Emily。”可知，第一段可描写Emily得知这封信之后的反应，这封信对她意义重大，似乎是她父亲送给她的礼物。②由第二段首句内容“当地报纸决定给Gowan先生一张机票，让他亲自送这封信。”可知，第二段可描写Gowan送信的过程以及Emily收到信的反应。
写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：【范文赏读 1】中的 It felt like a miracle to this senior lady and she couldn't even believe it was true. 运用了并列句；I am so happy to hear this discovery!运用了不定式作原因状语 ；The letter meant so much to her and it seemed that it was a gift from her father. 运用了并列从句，表语从句；What was more surprising was another gift from the local paper.运用了主语从句； Steve Gowan felt it was like a mission and gladly accepted the gift.运用了宾语从句； Hughes's message to his family was finally delivered 85 years after it was sent. 运用了时间状语从句，被动语态；When Emily opened the letter with her trembling hands, Gowan witnessed tears, laughter, sweet memories and gratitude, all the mixed feelings from Emily. 运用了时间状语从句；He felt he had fished not a letter in a bottle but a huge treasure, a bridge connecting the living with the dead, a message bonding a family.运用了宾语从句。
【范文赏读 2】It took the old lady, who was only two when her father headed off to the battle, really a while to recover from the pleasant surprise. 运用了非限制性定语从句；Due to her young age at the time of his death, Emily never knew her father, though she grew up listening to stories about him from her mother and cherishing his award medals.运用了让步状语从句； She had no idea that a fisherman would give her such a big surprise. 运用了同位语从句；Emily shed tears of joy when hugging the guest tightly. 运用了省略；Holding the amazingly dry and intact note, she offered her heartfelt gratitude, saying the bottle was a great source of warmth and comfort.运用了现在分词作伴随状语，宾语从句； Her eyes glistening with tears, she expressed her sincere appreciation incoherentl运用了独立主格结构；Though Gowan joked that he himself a fisherman served as a postman this time, he never expected something clinging to his fishing net would bring so much to a beloved one almost a century later." Thank you, thank you."运用了让步状语从句。
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吉林省长春市部分中学2022-2023学年高三下学期开学考试英语试题
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1．（2023高三下·长春开学考）Why does the woman refuse to lend the car to the man
A．Her parents don't allow her to lend it out.
B．Her parents will use it this afternoon.
C．She will drive it to the post office.
2．（2023高三下·长春开学考）What is the man's job
A．A luggage handler. B．An airline pilot. C．A taxi driver.
3．（2023高三下·长春开学考）When will the woman have her hair cut
A．At 10:00 this Friday.
B．At 9:30 this Saturday.
C．At 12:00 this Saturday.
4．（2023高三下·长春开学考）What does the man mean
A．They have another week to decide.
B．They should decide by Friday.
C．They'd better decide right now.
5．（2023高三下·长春开学考）Where are the speakers
A．At home. B．In the street. C．On the sea.
二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
（2023高三下·长春开学考）听材料，回答问题。
6．What are the speakers discussing in general
A．Advice on human cloning.
B．The methods to do human cloning.
C．Their position on human cloning.
7．Who is the man probably to be
A．The woman's doctor.
B．The woman's boss.
C．The woman's classmate.
（2023高三下·长春开学考）听材料，回答问题。
8．What is the matter with the woman's brother
A．He hit his head. B．He hurt his back. C．He is not breathing.
9．What does the man advise the woman to do
A．Check her brother's neck.
B．Help her brother stand up.
C．Leave her brother where he is.
（2023高三下·长春开学考）听材料，回答问题。
10．What does the woman think of the man's neighbor at first
A．Considerate. B．Helpful. C．Troublesome.
11．How did the man help his neighbor
A．He found his key for him.
B．He looked after his plants.
C．He helped him move furniture.
12．What problem did the man's neighbor bring
A．He once disturbed the man at 2:00 a. m.
B．He often held all-night parties.
C．He complained too much.
（2023高三下·长春开学考）听材料，回答问题。
13．Why does the man talk with the woman
A．To ask her about the course arrangements.
B．To design a guide for new students.
C．To give her some advice.
14．What is the woman's first impression of the town
A．It is crowded.
B．People there are quite friendly.
C．It is quiet in the evening.
15．What was the woman dissatisfied with about the school
A．The food. B．The course. C．The living condition.
16．What does the woman suggest doing
A．Improving the environment of studies.
B．Having regular meetings with professors.
C．Communicating with classmates once a week.
（2023高三下·长春开学考） 听材料，回答问题。
17．What do readers need to do to understand My Life
A．Read the writer's other books.
B．Know about the writer's life.
C．Read it slowly.
18．Why does John go to London in Goodbye to the Fields
A．His parents both come from there.
B．He doesn't like the countryside.
C．His father has got a job there.
19．What is the disadvantage of Holidays in Europe
A．It doesn't describe places well.
B．Its maps are not practical.
C．It costs too much money.
20．Who will find next week's program useful
A．People who are planning to buy books as presents.
B．People who are trying to save money.
C．People who enjoy reading reports.
三、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
（2023高三下·长春开学考）阅读理解
The Nobel Literature Prizes are awarded to the persons who shall have produced in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction. The following are some famous female winners in recent years.
Herta Müller (from Germany)
The Nobel Prize winner in Literature 2009. Her works are rooted in her experiences as one of Romania's German-speaking racial minority. Muller describes how dictatorship(独裁)causes a fear and sense of distance that stays in an individual's mind. With precise language, she recalls images from the past.
Svetlana Alexievich (from Belarus)
The Nobel Prize winner in Literature 2015. Svetlana Alexievich represents life during and after the Soviet Union(苏联)through the experience of individuals. She uses interviews to create a picture of a wide range of voices. Her books are a combination of oral history and deeply psychological literature, composed of stories collected on a simple tape recorder.
Louise Glück (from America)
The Nobel Prize winner in Literature 2020. The prize committee stressed "Her unmistakable poetic voice with plain beauty makes individual existence universal". Childhood, family life, and the close relationships with family are themes that have remained central to her. She seeks the universal, and in this she takes inspiration from myths and classical themes.
Annie Ernaux (from France)
The Nobel Prize winner in Literature in 2022. She usually describes the events in her life and the lives of those around her. "The courage and clinical sensitivity with which she uncovers the roots, separations and collective restriction of personal memory" is the reason she was awarded the prize according to Swedish Academy.
21．How does Svetlana Alexievich create her works
A．By interview. B．By biography.
C．By short stories. D．By memoir.
22．What makes Glück's works popular according to the prize committee
A．Her family life. B．Individual existence.
C．Simple beauty. D．Fictional structure.
23．What do the four winners' works have in common
A．They are rooted in life experience.
B．They create a lot of pictures for their books.
C．They bring light to the root of people's memory.
D．They are focused on the relationship between individuals.
（2023高三下·长春开学考） 阅读理解
It was Christmas Eve when my elder sister and I decided to open our presents before our mom got home from work. She usually came home about an hour after we got home from school, which we thought was plenty of time to take a peek at the gifts under the tree.
My elder sister opened present after present while I was ordered to stand guard at the big window in our front room. Finally, when my sister's curiosity was satisfied, we traded places.
After unwrapping a few presents, I found it faster to open one end of a present and peek inside. "Cool! Mom and Dad got me head phones for my stereo!" I pulled the headphones out of the box and was about to put them on when my sister shouted, "Quick! Wrap it back up! Mom's coming!"
I put the headphones back hurriedly in the box but my hands were shaking. My heart pounded harder as I tried to get the tape to stick. I had just finished burying the package with my headphones in it when my mother came into the front room. I jumped up and said, "Hi, Mom!" She smiled at me and said "Hi" back, but didn't appear to suspect a thing. My heart began to slow as I took a deep breath.
On Christmas morning, my sister and I smiled and gave award-winning performances when we opened our presents again. "Headphones!" I shouted. "Thanks, it's just what I wanted." After everything had been opened, my sister and I looked at each other, and our eyes met. Our secret was safe, but somehow Christmas morning didn't feel the same.
My sister and I never opened our Christmas presents early again. I don't know if it was that opening our gifts for the second time just wasn't as much fun as the first time, or if we came too close to getting caught and didn't want to think about what our mother would have done to us.
24．What did the author and his sister do before their mother came back
A．They bought some Christmas presents.
B．They put Christmas presents under the tree.
C．They opened Christmas presents in advance.
D．They changed Christmas presents quickly.
25．How did the author feel when his mother was coming
A．Grateful and moved. B．Cheerful and excited.
C．Curious and surprised. D．Nervous and frightened.
26．Why did that Christmas morning give the author a different feeling
A．His secret was found out.
B．His request wasn't satisfied.
C．A festival atmosphere was everywhere.
D．A pleasant surprise was lost.
27．What can we infer about the author from the last paragraph
A．He didn't like the headphones.
B．He regretted what he had done.
C．He couldn't find his Christmas present.
D．He wasn't pleased with his mother.
（2023高三下·长春开学考）阅读理解
The idea of Buy Now Pay Later or BNPL, has attracted millions of shoppers with the promise of interest-free credit. An incredible 45 percent of 18 to 24-year-olds in the UK turned to BNPL last year, according to The Money Charity. Lenders say they offer a better deal than credit cards, because they do not charge interest but make money from affiliate deals (关联交易) with retailers (零售商). It may be a new way of borrowing money, but the old rules still apply: unless you repay the debt quickly, you are building up trouble for the future.
Now, BNPLs are growing in popularity and do have upsides — mostly convenient shopping with no interest financing and no strict approval requirements. However, they also make it effortless to overshop, overspend, and get in over your head with credit problems.
Lenders pay the retailer on your behalf, and then you repay over 30 days or three months, spreading the cost to help with your cash flow. They say this is fairer and less expensive than credit cards. That may be true, but BNPL has dangers, too.
BNPL lenders may not charge any interest, but they still want you to pay back the money you have borrowed, so what if you can't Typically, you have 30 days to pay. If you don't, your lender will contact you to chase late payments. If you still don't pay, they call in the debt collectors.
Citizens Advice says that 14 million used a BNPL product last year, but six million did not understand what they were signing up for. Some 26% of BNPL customers regretted their choice, while 41% struggled with repayment. Younger people were particularly at risk. A quarter of those making BNPL repayments couldn't afford food, rent or bills as a result.
Another worry is that BNPL lenders only perform soft searches on a person's credit report, so do not see the borrower's true credit status. This means they cannot remove people with financial problems and may end up adding to their troubles. BNPL lenders say they do careful checks to make sure they never lend more than a consumer can afford to pay back, and also pause accounts if a single payment is late. Nobody wants to be pursued by debt collectors. If you do use BNPL credit, never borrow more than you can afford to repay.
28．How do BNPL lenders earn profits according to the text
A．They force borrowers to pay their debts.
B．They require payment for retailers' services.
C．They receive a certain fee from affiliate deals.
D．They charge interest from 18 to 24-year-old users.
29．Why does BNPL become more and more popular
A．For strict approval requirements and no interest.
B．For its convenience of shopping with high interest.
C．For buying anything needed without credit problems.
D．For convenient shopping and no strict approval requirements.
30．What problem does the Buy Now Pay Later method have
A．All the young people can't repay the debt quickly.
B．It is difficult to know the borrower's real credit status.
C．More than half of BNPL customers can't afford the payments.
D．BNPL has to depend on debt collectors to get back the money.
31．What do the underlined words "get in over your head" in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．To make up your mind.
B．To start to feel happy.
C．To be involved in a difficult situation.
D．To show an indifferent attitude.
（2023高三下·长春开学考） 阅读理解
Psychologists have long believed that personalities are relatively immune to changes following collective stressful events, such as natural disasters, but the COVID-19 pandemic appears to be an exception, said Angelina Sutin, a psychologist at Florida State University. Researchers from a new study analyzed answers from 7,109 adults in the United States, based on the Big Five personality traits: neuroticism (神经过敏症), extroversion (外向), openness, agreeableness and dutifulness. The participants, aged 18 to 109, took multiple personality tests on their phones or computers measuring these traits before and during the pandemic.
In the first, "acute" phase from March 2020 to December 2020, personality traits remained fairly consistent with pre-pandemic surveys, with only neuroticism slightly declining. By the second phase, defined as the "adaptation" period from January 2021 to February 2022, there were no overall shifts in neuroticism relative to pre-pandemic levels, but adults had become less extroverted, open, agreeable and dutiful. Also, younger adults' personalities changed the most, while the oldest group had no significant shifts. And no other age group saw an increase in neuroticism in the second phase, but adults under 30 did.
"The results don't hold true for each person. So it's no surprise if you don't see that same change in yourself or those closest to you," Sutin said.
Although personality doesn't directly control mental health, Sutin is advocating for more research into the impact that pandemic-related personality changes may have on well- being, particularly for young adults. "We need to do what we can to help support younger adults as much as possible, so they can make better transitions into adulthood and reduce the stress that they face to help improve their mental health and long-term outcomes," said Sutin.
Still, the study had a few downsides, said Brent Roberts, a psychologist at the University of Illinois Banana-Champaign. There was no control group of people who hadn't experienced the pandemic, and other explanations weren't explored, making it hard to assess if these personality changes were directly caused by the pandemic.
32．How may psychologists feel about the pandemic's impact on personality
A．Concerned. B．Uninterested. C．Unexpected. D．Annoyed.
33．How did participants get involved in the study
A．By responding to questions online.
B．By making some personal requests.
C．By analyzing their personality traits.
D．By recording their daily life with phones.
34．What did the findings of the research indicate regarding personalities
A．Neuroticism remained consistent.
B．The two phases shared similar results.
C．Young adults underwent more changes.
D．The older people were, the more shifts they had.
35．What is the last paragraph intended to show about the study
A．Its prospect. B．Its limitations.
C．Its significance. D．Its advancement.
四、任务型阅读(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
（2023高三下·长春开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You will be leaving this school at the end of this year and the unavoidable question many people will ask you is, "So, what do you want to be " Some of you may have already decided on a career path. 　36． 　 Here are some things you might want to consider.
First, does the career you are considering have staying power Will it be in demand in 20 years Rapid technological change is disruptive. 　37． 　 While many occupations are being taken over by new technology, jobs that require high-level of critical thinking, emotional intelligence and human interaction remain in high demand. These jobs are more adaptable and not easily replaced by machines or technology.
Second, choose a career that interests you. Some people might think this is unimportant, but if you are truly passionate about your job then going to work every day won't seem a chore. It's also likely that you will stay and grow in this career. Before making a choice, you should examine your values, skills and personality type. 　38． 　
Third, of course you will want to consider your chosen profession's earning power! Although high pay plays a part, you should know that a job with a big salary will likely require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress. 　39． 　 If you have interests outside of work, or are struggling with other demands in your life, you might want to choose a less taxing line of work.
　40． 　 Let me leave you with an old saying: Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life.
A. But many of you still don't have a clue!
B. You need to be forward-looking at your future prospects.
C. Trying different work can help you find out your favorite job.
D. This can help you decide if a career path is a good fit for you.
E. Only the truly motivated will likely be able to meet these challenges.
F. People's wages are lower in industries with slow technological change.
G. Thinking about a life-long career at this stage in your life is surely challenging.
五、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
（2023高三下·长春开学考）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When we married in 2007, we promised to love each other "in sickness and in health". Over the years I shared my 41． with you. But with my full schedule and then a son, Jack, in 2008, we were very 42． . Then in December 2015, a big fall 43． you with stroke (中风) and speech difficulties. "Whatever, I'm here," I comforted you. It meant that life needed a 44． .
"Is now the time to realize our dream to start fostering (领养), at last " I asked you. "Let's go for it," you said. I quit my job and 45． a fostering charity with bases across the country. "My husband is 46． . Does that rule us out " I asked the clerk. "Not 47． ," I was told. Eight months after filling in the first forms, we finally got the 48． news.
In July 2020, we 49． our now 15-year-old foster daughter, Millie. She was so 50． the first time we all sat in the garden, especially nervous around men. But you 51． her over. Soon she was 52． along with us at your jokes! Meanwhile, we made a 53． while I did her hair or when we walked our dog. With time, Millie started to see our house as her home. Now, we're on the path to 54． more foster kids.
Thank you for helping me share the love we've built with 55． who need it most. We've turned a difficult time into something beautiful.
41．A．sorrow B．knowledge C．victory D．dream
42．A．occupied B．free C．careful D．curious
43．A．helped B．charged C．left D．rewarded
44．A．rush B．change C．stop D．risk
45．A．founded B．declined C．discovered D．funded
46．A．shy B．disabled C．busy D．humorous
47．A．necessarily B．importantly C．merely D．clearly
48．A．interesting B．depressing C．upsetting D．amazing
49．A．met B．interviewed C．lost D．encouraged
50．A．curious B．anxious C．confident D．energetic
51．A．took B．covered C．won D．knocked
52．A．aiming B．striking C．wondering D．laughing
53．A．wish B．connection C．mark D．preparation
54．A．break up B．calm down C．agree with D．take in
55．A．parents B．pets C．kids D．patients
六、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2023高三下·长春开学考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shenzhen, a city that pioneered reform and opening-up in China, will allow fully autonomous vehicles 　56． 　 (run) on certain roads.
The new rule, 　57． 　 (schedule) to come into force on August 1, 2022, also clarified rules for liability (责任) in car accidents that involve autonomous driving, 　58． 　 (help) to fill the legal gap in China's smart car industry.
"Shenzhen is giving self-driving cars 　59． 　 legal 'identity card', a key move in accelerating the commercialization of autonomous vehicles," experts said, adding that more legal 　60． 　 (measure) and more testing experience are needed before widening such trials.
The new rule said automakers don't 　61． 　 (necessary) have to equip fully autonomous vehicles with human driving modes and equipment.
But such fully automated vehicles can only run on certain roads and sections designated (指定) by Shenzhen's traffic management department, according to the rule,　62． 　 was published on the official website of Shenzhen Municipal People's Congress on Tuesday.
"In a traffic accident, if the damage 　63． 　 (cause) by the defects of a vehicle, the driver, the owner or the user of the vehicle, after paying for the bill, can request compensation (补偿) from the manufacturer or seller of the car 　64． 　 accordance with laws," the new rule said.
Yu Qian, CEO and founder of QCraft, a Chinese self-driving startup, said, "China's autonomous driving industry is entering a golden development period, with many 　65． 　 (effect) policies becoming increasingly clear and open, and technologies and algorithms (算法) becoming more powerful."
七、写作 (共两节，满分40分)
66．（2023高三下·长春开学考）假如你是李华，2月27日你们全班同学参观了市博物馆。请你为校英文报写一篇新闻报道，内容包括：1）参与人员、 时间；2）活动内容；3）活动反响。
注意：1）写作词数应为80左右；
2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
A Visit to the City Museum
67．（2023高三下·长春开学考） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day a man named Steve Gowan was fishing in the Thames Estuary in Britain. By the end of the day, besides fishes and sea weeds, he fished a messenger bottle. He opened it carefully and inside the bottle was a brief loving letter from a British soldier named Hughes to his wife:
Dear Wife, I am writing this note on this boat and dropping it into the sea just to see if it will reach you. If it does, sign this envelope on the bottom right-hand corner where it says receipt. Put the date and the hour of receipt and your name where it says signature and look after it well.
Ta-ta sweet, for the present. Your Hubby.
Also attached was a note intended for the finder of the bottle:
Sir or madam, would you kindly forward the enclosed letter and earn the blessing of a poor British soldier on his way to the front this ninth day of September, 1914. Signed Private T. Hughes.
Actually, as Hughes crossed the English Channel on 9 September, 1914, at 7:52 p.m. he dropped a message in a green beer bottle over the side of the ship and he died two days later in the war.
85 years later, the bottle was finally caught by Steve Gowan, a fisherman. Steve Gowan examined the letter carefully. It had the soldier's name and army number, so he supposed that the message should be real. But how could he deliver it to the intended recipient In 1999, the Internet was still in its early years. No way would he be able to find Hughes's possible surviving family that way! So, what to do
Well, he put an advertisement in a local paper! The story captured so many hearts and minds that it gained national coverage. Somewhere along the way, through magic and luck, he learned that Hughes's daughter, Emily, was still alive in New Zealand!
注意：
1）续写词数应为150左右;
2）请按如下格式作答。
Right away, Gowan and journalists managed to get in touch with Emily.
……
The local paper decided to offer Mr. Gowan an air ticket to deliver the letter in person.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Sue, could you lend me your car this afternoon
W: Pete, it isn't my car. It's my parents'.
M: I just need to mail this package at the post office.
W: Sorry, Pete. My parents would shoot me. They'll come back soon.
【分析】问题：为什么女士拒绝把车借给男士？根据“My parents would shoot me. ”我的父母会杀了我，故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: How much will you charge to drive me to the airport
M: The fee is $40, plus the tip, madam. Do you have any luggage
W: Just this carry-on.
【分析】问题：男士的工作是什么？根据“How much will you charge to drive me to the airport ”开车送我去机场要多少钱？；以及“The fee is $40, plus the tip, madam. Do you have any luggage ”费用是40美元，外加小费，夫人。你有行李吗？故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: I'd like to make an appointment to have my hair cut please. This Friday or Saturday in the morning.
M: We can do on Friday at 10:00, then on Saturday there's 9:30 or 12:00.
W: I'll take the earlier one on Saturday please.
【分析】问题：女士什么时候理发？根据“We can do on Friday at 10:00, then on Saturday there's 9:30 or 12:00.”我们可以在星期五十点做，然后星期六九点半或十二点；以及“ I'll take the earlier one on Saturday please.”星期六我要早一点的。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Let's choose a topic for our group's in-class debate.
W: Good idea. I think we have to tell the professor by Friday.
M: By Friday I don't think so. I thought he said a week from Friday.
【分析】问题：男士是什么意思？根据“Let's choose a topic for our group's in-class debate.”让我们为小组的课堂辩论选择一个话题；“Good idea. I think we have to tell the professor by Friday.”好主意。我想我们必须在星期五之前告诉教授；以及“By Friday I don't think so. I thought he said a week from Friday.”星期五之前？我不这么认为。我以为他说了离星期五还有一周。可推知他的意思是他们还有一周时间决定。故选A。
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
5．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: It's getting late and the sea looks rough. We'd better head home. It may take hours for us to go against the winds
M: That's all right because if it gets dark, the harbor is well-lit.
【分析】问题：谈话人在哪里？根据“It's getting late and the sea looks rough. We'd better head home.”天色已晚，海面看起来很汹涌。我们最好回家；以及“That's all right because if it gets dark, the harbor is well-lit.”没关系，因为如果天黑了，港口的光线很好。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去听关键词。
【答案】6．C
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Have you finished the work I ordered
W: You mean the document that will spell out our position on human cloning I'm still having problems determining what our position should be.
M: But we need to get our position out immediately.
W: Maybe it'd help if we talk this out together.
M: I feel that cloning should be very helpful in the field of medicine. I'm extremely concerned about parents who are unable to have children naturally. Cloning would allow these parents to have children.
W: Anything else
M: That's it for now. Write this up quickly and have it on my desk before you leave for the day.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
6．问题：总的来说，谈话人在讨论什么？根据对话内容可知，他们在谈论他们对克隆人的立场。故选C。
7．问题：男士可能是谁？根据对话内容，可推知男士可能是女士的上司，故选B。
【答案】8．A
9．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Emergency Services. Can I help you
W: Yes, please help me! My brother fell down the stairs and he's unable to move!
M: Miss, please calm down. Is your brother breathing
W: Yes, he's breathing, but he hit his head and he won't wake up.
M: Please give me your name and address.
W: I'm Linda Smith. We're at 254 Main Street. It's the green house near the corner of Pine Street.
M: OK, Miss Smith, the ambulance should be there within fifteen minutes.
W: What should I do now
M: It's possible that your brother may have injured his neck, so it's very important that you do not try to move him. Other than that, just try to keep calm and wait for the ambulance to arrive.
W: I'll do that.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
8．问题：女士的哥哥怎么了？根据“but he hit his head and he won't wake up.”但他撞到了头，没有醒来。故选A。
9．问题：男士建议女士做什么？根据“It's possible that your brother may have injured his neck, so it's very important that you do not try to move him. Other than that, just try to keep calm and wait for the ambulance to arrive.”你哥哥可能伤了他的脖子，所以你不要试图移动他是非常重要的。除此之外，请保持冷静，等待救护车到来。故选C。
【答案】10．B
11．B
12．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: You know what I have one neighbor that I'm pretty friendly with. He helped me move some furniture last month.
W: Oh, that was nice of him.
M: Yeah, it was. I've helped him, too. The last time he was away, he gave me a key so I could go in and water his plants.
W: Neighbors can help each other out like that.
M: Yeah, but sometimes it can be a problem too. Last week, he came back late from a party and couldn't find his key. So he knocked on my door at 2:00 a.m. and wanted his key back!
W: At 2:00 a.m. No way! Well, it's a little inconsiderate. Did you complain to him about it
M: No. I need him to help me move some more furniture next week!
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
10．问题：女士一开始觉得男士的邻居怎么样？根据“I have one neighbor that I'm pretty friendly with. He helped me move some furniture last month.”我有一个相处很好的邻居。上个月他帮我搬了一些家具；以及“Oh, that was nice of him.”哦，他真是太好了。故选B。
11．问题：男士是如何帮助他的邻居的？根据“The last time he was away, he gave me a key so I could go in and water his plants.”上次他不在的时候，他给了我一把钥匙，这样我就可以进去给他的植物浇水了。故选B。
12．问题：男士的邻居带来了什么问题？根据“So he knocked on my door at 2:00 a.m. and wanted his key back!”所以他凌晨2点敲了我的门，想要拿回钥匙！故选A。
【答案】13．B
14．C
15．A
16．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Hi, Kate, come in. How are you today
W: Fine, thanks.
M: Well, as I explained on the phone, I'm an adviser here at the Student Services section of the university. And I'm interviewing overseas students to help me draw up a guide for new students. So I'd be grateful if you could tell me a little about your life since you've been here in Cambridge.
W: Right.
M: OK. What was your first impression of the town when you arrived
W: Well first of all I was struck by how quiet it is here in the evening.
M: Yes, I suppose so. Where did you live when you first arrived
W: I went straight into a student apartment. The food there was terrible. And I haven't managed to make many friends even though the place is full. People seem to keep to themselves; they're not really very friendly.
M: Oh I'm sorry to hear that. What about the course
W: Well, I'm doing a Master's by coursework in Environment Studies. It's pretty good really, but I feel there have been few chances to communicate with the teachers. They all seem to be quite busy.
M: So could anything be done to improve the course
W: Well ... I think it would be helpful to have meetings with professors on the course. Say once for two weeks- something like that.
M: Regular meetings. Yes, that could certainly help. Thanks, Kate.
【点评】考查细节理解，首先理解题干，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
13．问题：为什么男士和女士说话？根据“ And I'm interviewing overseas students to help me draw up a guide for new students. ”我正在采访海外学生，以帮助我为新学生制定指南。故选B。
14．问题：女士对这个城市的第一印象是什么？根据“Well first of all I was struck by how quiet it is here in the evening.”首先，我被这里晚上的安静所震惊。故选C。
15．问题：这位女士对学校有什么不满？根据“ The food there was terrible. And I haven't managed to make many friends even though the place is full. ”那里的食物糟透了。而且我还没能交到很多朋友，尽管那里已经坐满了。故选A。
16．问题：这位女士建议做什么？根据“I think it would be helpful to have meetings with professors on the course. Say once for two weeks- something like that.”我认为在这门课上与教授们会面会很有帮助。两个星期开一次——差不多。故选B。
【答案】17．A
18．C
19．B
20．A
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】 M: Welcome to this week's book program. We've got lots of great new books to tell you about. My Life, by Joe Wrigley, will keep all fans of Joe's stories happy for hours. It explains a lot about where his ideas come from and gives a picture of what was happening in his life when he was working on his most successful books. I must say, though, that some of it is difficult to understand if you haven't read his other books. Now, for those of you who like a good cry, Goodbye to the Fields, by Susan Marks, tells the sad story of John, a small boy who has to leave the countryside he loves when the family move to London because of his father's job. John and his mother would prefer to stay where they are. It's a long time before the family begins to feel comfortable living in the big city. The last book this week is Holidays in Europe, by Mary Curtis. This is an enjoyable read, which will give you helpful information if you plan for next year's holiday. It doesn't matter that the writer doesn't talk about the famous places everyone visits, but describes lots of small places away from the main tourist areas The maps are too small to be useful but the book is still good value for money. That's it for this week, then. Next week, there's a special report on giving books as presents, so if you've saved up your money and you're wondering what to get for a friend or a relative for their birthdays, you might get some good ideas. I'll look forward to talking to you then.
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题：读者需要做什么才能了解《我的生活》？根据“I must say, though, that some of it is difficult to understand if you haven't read his other books.”不过，我必须说，如果你没有读过他的其他书，有些内容很难理解。故选A。
18．问题： John 为什么要在《再见了，田地》中去伦敦？根据“Now, for those of you who like a good cry, Goodbye to the Fields, by Susan Marks, tells the sad story of John, a small boy who has to leave the countryside he loves when the family move to London because of his father's job.”现在，对于那些喜欢痛哭一场的人来说，Susan Marks的《再见了，田地》讲述了一个关于约翰（John）的悲伤故事。约翰是一个小男孩，由于父亲的工作，全家搬到伦敦后，他不得不离开他所爱的乡村。故选C。
19．问题：欧洲度假的缺点是什么？根据“The maps are too small to be useful but the book is still good value for money. ”这些地图太小，用处不大，但这本书仍然物超所值。故选B。
20．问题：谁会觉得下周的计划有用？根据“Next week, there's a special report on giving books as presents, so if you've saved up your money and you're wondering what to get for a friend or a relative for their birthdays, you might get some good ideas.”下周，有一个关于送书作为礼物的特别报告，所以如果你攒够了钱，你想知道朋友或亲戚的生日礼物是什么，你可能会得到一些好主意。故选A。
【答案】21．A
22．C
23．A
【知识点】细节理解题；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了近年来几个著名的诺贝尔文学奖的女性获奖者。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇人物类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据Svetlana Alexievich (from Belarus)部分中的“She uses interviews to create a picture of a wide range of voices.”她通过采访创造了一个广泛的声音图片。可知，Svetlana Alexievich通过采访创作了她的作品，故选A。
22．考查细节理解。根据Louise Glück (from America)部分中的“The prize committee stressed ‘Her unmistakable poetic voice with plain beauty makes individual existence universal’.”该奖委员会强调“她那清晰的诗意嗓音和朴素的美使得个体的存在具有普遍性”。可知，根据评委会，Gluck的作品朴素的美受到人们的欢迎，故选C。
23．考查细节理解。根据Herta Müller (from Germany)部分中的“Her works are rooted in her experiences as one of Romania's German-speaking racial minority.”她的作品植根于她作为罗马尼亚讲德语的少数民族之一的经历；Svetlana Alexievich (from Belarus)部分中的“Svetlana Alexievich represents life during and after the Soviet Union(苏联)through the experience of individuals. ”Svetlana Alexievich通过个人的经历展现了苏联时期和苏联解体后的生活；Louise Glück (from America)部分中的“Childhood, family life, the close relationships with family is a theme that has remained central to her.”童年，家庭生活，与家庭的亲密关系是一个主题，一直是她的中心；以及Annie Ernaux (from France)部分中的“She usually describes the events in her life and the lives of those around her.”她经常描述自己生活中发生的事情以及周围人的生活。可知，这四位诺贝尔获奖者的作品的共同之处在于它们都是植根于生活经验。故选A。
【答案】24．C
25．D
26．D
27．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，出于好奇心，作者和姐姐在圣诞节前夕趁母亲不在时偷偷提前打开了圣诞礼物。可是，当圣诞节清晨打开礼物的那一刻来临时，作者却体会到一种失落感。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查细节理解。根据第一段“It was Christmas Eve when my elder sister and decided to open our presents before our mom got home from work. She usually came home about an hour after we got home from school, which we thought was plenty of time to take a peek at the gifts under the tree.”那是圣诞节前夕，我的姐姐和我决定在妈妈下班回家之前打开我们的礼物。她通常在我们放学回家后一个小时左右回家，我们认为这是足够的时间来偷看树下的礼物；以及第三段中的“After unwrapping a few presents, I found it faster to open one end of a present and peek inside. ”打开几件礼物后，我发现打开礼物的一端并偷看里面会更快。可知，出于好奇心，作者和姐姐在圣诞节前夕趁母亲不在时偷偷提前打开了圣诞礼物。故选C。
25．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“I put the headphones back hurriedly in the box but my hands were shaking. My heart pounded harder as I tried to get the tape to stick.”我急忙把耳机放回盒子里，但我的手在发抖。当我试图让胶带粘住时，我的心跳得更厉害了。可知，听到母亲马上要回来，作者双手发抖、心跳加快。可推知，作者既紧张又害怕。故选D。
26．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段“On Christmas morning, my sister and I smiled and gave award-winning performances when we opened our presents — again. ‘Headphones!’ I shouted. ‘Thanks, it's just what I wanted.’ After everything had been opened, my sister and I looked at each other, and our eyes met. Our secret was safe, but somehow Christmas morning didn’t feel the same. ”在圣诞节的早晨，我和姐姐微笑着并用获奖般的演技再次打开礼物。“耳机！”我喊道。“谢谢，这正是我想要的。”一切都打开后，我和姐姐看着彼此，目光相遇。我们的秘密是安全的，但不知为何，圣诞节的早晨感觉不一样。可推知，圣诞节清晨作者打开礼物后假装激动和兴奋，其实那份惊喜是不存在的，可得出那个圣诞节的早晨给了作者一种不同的感觉是因为失去了一个惊喜。故选D。
27．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“My sister and I never opened our Christmas presents early again. I don’t know if it was that opening our gifts for the second time just wasn't as much fun as the first time, or if we came too close to getting caught and didn’t want to think about what our mother would have done to us. ”我和姐姐再也没有早早打开过圣诞礼物。我不知道是因为第二次打开我们的礼物没有第一次那么有趣，还是因为我们离被抓住太近了，不想去想妈妈会对我们做什么。可知，作者和姐姐从此以后再也没有提前打开过圣诞礼物，作者分析可能的原因是第二次打开礼物不再有真正的惊喜和兴奋感。可判断他对自己之前提前打开礼物的做法是感到后悔的。故选B。
【答案】28．C
29．D
30．B
31．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了BNPL越来越受欢迎, 以无息信贷的承诺吸引了数百万购物者，但是也存在着潜在的风险。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Lenders say they offer a better deal than credit cards, because they do not charge interest but make money from affiliate deals (关联交易) with retailers (零售商). ”贷方表示，他们提供的交易比信用卡更好，因为他们不收取利息，而是从与零售商的关联交易中赚钱。可知，BNPL贷款人从联盟交易中收取一定的费用，故选C。
29．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Now, BNPLs are growing in popularity and do have upsides — mostly convenient shopping with interest-easy financing and no strict approval requirements.”现在，BNPL越来越受欢迎，而且确实有好处——大多是购物方便，融资方便，没有严格的审批要求。可知，BNPL越来越受欢迎是因为方便购物，无严格的审批要求。故选D。
30．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Another worry is that BNPL lenders only perform ‘soft’ searches on a person's credit report, so do not see the borrower's true credit status.”另一个担忧是BNPL贷款人只对个人的信用报告进行‘软’搜索，因此看不到借款人的真实信用状况。可知，BNPL的问题是很难知道借款人的真实信用状况。故选B。
31．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Nobody wants to be pursued by debt collectors. If you do use BNPL credit, never borrow more than you can afford to repay. ”没有人愿意被讨债人追杀。如果你确实使用了BNPL信贷，千万不要借款超过你偿还能力。可知，作者客观介绍了BNPL越来越受欢迎, 以无息信贷的承诺吸引了数百万购物者，但是也存在着潜在的风险。可推知，作者对BNPL的态度是客观的。故选C。
【答案】32．C
33．A
34．C
35．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了心理学家长期以来一直认为，在自然灾害等集体压力事件发生后，性格相对不会发生变化，但新冠肺炎疫情似乎是个例外，人们性格发生了变化。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
32．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Psychologists have long believed that personalities are relatively immune to changes following collective stressful events, such as natural disasters, but the COVID-19 pandemic appears to be an exception, said Angelina Sutin, a psychologist at Florida State University.”佛罗里达州立大学心理学家安吉丽娜·苏廷表示，心理学家长期以来一直认为，在自然灾害等集体压力事件发生后，性格相对不会发生变化，但新冠肺炎疫情似乎是个例外。可知，新冠肺炎疫情居然让人们性格发生了变化，这是一个例外，让心理学家意想不到。故选C。
33．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“The participants, aged 18 to 109, took multiple personality tests on their phones or computers measuring these traits before and during the pandemic.”参与者年龄在18岁至109岁之间，在疫情之前和期间，他们在手机或电脑上进行了多项性格测试，测量这些特征。可知，参与者通过在线回答问题参与研究的。故选A。
34．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Also, younger adults’ personalities changed the most, while the oldest group had no significant shifts. And no other age group saw an increase in neuroticism in the second phase, but adults under 30 did.”此外，年轻人的性格变化最大，而年龄最大的群体没有明显变化。在第二阶段，没有其他年龄组的神经质有所增加，但30岁以下的成年人有所增加；以及第四段中的“Although personality doesn't directly control mental health, Sutin is advocating for more research into the impact that pandemic-related personality changes may have on well being, particularly for young adults.”尽管个性并不能直接控制心理健康，但Sutin主张对与疫情相关的性格变化可能对健康产生的影响进行更多研究，尤其是对年轻人。可知，研究结果表明，年轻人性格经历了更多的变化。故选C。
35．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Still, the study had a few downsides, said Brent Roberts, a psychologist at the University of Illinois Banana-Champaign. There was no control group of people who hadn’t experienced the pandemic, and other explanations weren’t explored, making it hard to assess if these personality changes were directly caused by the pandemic.”伊利诺伊大学香蕉-香槟分校的心理学家布伦特·罗伯茨表示，尽管如此，这项研究仍有一些缺点。没有一组没有经历过疫情的人作为对照，也没有探索其他解释，因此很难评估这些性格变化是否是由疫情直接导致的。可知，作者在最后一段想告诉读者这项研究的局限性。故选B。
【答案】36．A；37．B；38．D；39．E；40．G
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在选择职业道路的时候你可能需要考虑的事情。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇介绍类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前的“ Some of you may have already decided on a career path. ”你们中的一些人可能已经决定了自己的职业道路；以及空后“ Here are some things you might want to consider.”这里有一些你可能需要考虑的事情。可知，设空处应该承接前文内容——有些人已经确定了自己的职业道路，但是有些人还没有任何的想法。故后文针对这个情况提出了几个需要考虑的事情。A. But many of you still don’t have a clue!“但你们中的许多人仍然不知道!”符合语境。故选A。
37．根据空前“First, does the career you are considering have staying power Will it be in demand in 20 years Rapid technological change is disruptive. ”首先，你考虑的职业有持久力吗？20年后还会有需求吗？快速的技术变革具有破坏性。可知，此处提出技术变革会改变职业，要考虑未来可能的变化，A. We need to be forward-looking at our future prospects.“我们需要展望未来的前景”承接上文，提出要展望职业前景，句中“future prospects”与上文“in 20 years”相照应。上下文语意连贯。故选B。
38．根据空前“Before making a choice, you should examine your values, skills and personality type. ”在做出选择之前，你应该审视自己的价值观、技能和性格类型。可知，此处提出选择职业前要进行自我评估。D. This can help you decide if a career path is a good fit for you.“这可以帮助你决定一个职业道路是否适合你”承接上文，说明这样做的作用，句中“This”指代上文中“examine your values, skills and personality type”。上下文语意连贯。故选D。
39．根据空前“you should know that a job with a big salary will likely require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress.”但你应该知道，高薪的工作可能需要更多的时间才能达到顶峰，需要付出更多的努力和更大的压力。此处提出与高薪相伴的是更多的付出与挑战。E. Only the truly motivated will likely be able to meet these challenges.“只有真正有动力的人才有可能迎接这些挑战”承接上文，说明什么样的人才能面对这些挑战，句中“these challenges”与上文“require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress”相照应。故选E。
40．根据空后“Let me leave you with an old saying: ‘Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life.’”让我用一句老话留给你们：“选择一份你喜欢的工作，你一生中一天都不用工作。”G. Thinking about a life-long career at this stage in your life is surely challenging.“在你人生的这个阶段考虑一生的事业无疑是具有挑战性的”提出考虑一生的事业是具有挑战性的事情，符合语境，故选G。
【答案】41．D；42．A；43．C；44．B；45．C；46．B；47．A；48．D；49．A；50．B；51．C；52．D；53．B；54．D；55．C
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和丈夫早些年忙于事业和孩子。在丈夫摔倒中风后，他们开始领养孩子。在收养孩子的路上，他们把两人建立起的爱分享给需要爱的孩子们。他们一路扶持走过艰难，把困难的日子演绎成美好生活。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：这么多年来，我和你分享我的梦想。A. sorrow“悲伤”；B. knowledge“知识”；C. victory“胜利”；D. dream“梦想”。根据下文“Is now the time to realize our dream to start fostering (领养) ”可知，此处表示“这么多年来，我和你分享我的梦想”。故选D。
42．句意：但我的日程排得满满的，2008年又有了儿子杰克，我们非常忙。A. occupied“忙的”；B. free“自由的”；C. careful“仔细的”；D. curious“好奇的”。根据空前“with my full schedule and then a son, Jack”可知，此处指作者他们很忙。故选A。
43．句意：然后在2015年12月，一次严重的摔倒让你中风，说话变得困难。A. helped“帮助”；B. charged“管理”；C. left“让……处于（某种状态、某地等），留下”；D. rewarded“回报 ”。根据空前“a big fall”可知，此处表示“一次严重的摔倒让你中风和说话困难”。leave sb. with sth.固定短语，“给某人留下某物”，此处指给作者丈夫“留下”中风和说话困难。故选C。
44．句意：这意味着生活需要改变。A. rush“匆忙，赶紧”；B. change“改变”；C. stop“停止”；D. risk“风险”。根据下文“Let's go for it”并结合作者丈夫生病的情况可知，作者觉得这意味着生活需要改变。故选B。
45．句意：我辞掉了工作，发现了一家寄养慈善机构，基地遍布全国。A. founded“建立”；B. declined“拒绝”；C. discovered“发现”；D. funded“资助”。根据空后“a fostering charity with bases across the country”可知，作者发现了一家寄养慈善机构，基地遍布全国，故选C。
46．句意：我丈夫有残疾。A. shy“害羞的”；B. disabled“残疾的”；C. busy“忙的”；D. humorous“幽默的”。根据上文“a big fall 3 you with stroke (中风) and speech difficulties”可知，作者丈夫有残疾。故选B。
47．句意：我被告知“不一定。”A. necessarily“必定”；B. importantly“重要的是”；C. merely“仅仅”；D. clearly“清楚地”。根据下文“In July 2020, we 9 our now 15-year-old foster daughter, Millie”可知，作者最终领养了女儿，所以工作人员的回答是“不一定”。故选A。
48．句意：在填完第一张表格八个月后，我们终于得到了令人惊讶的消息。A. interesting“有趣的”；B. depressing“令人沮丧的”；C. shocking“令人震惊的”；D. amazing“令人惊异的”。根据下文“In July 2020, we 9 our now 15-year-old foster daughter, Millie”可知，作者领养成功，这对于作者和有残疾的丈夫来说是令人惊异的消息。故选D。
49．句意：2020年7月，我们遇到了现在15岁的养女米莉。A. met“遇见”；B. interviewed“采访”；C. lost“丢失”；D. encouraged“鼓励”。根据下文“I did her hair or when we walked our dog”可知，作者遇到了现在15岁的养女米莉。故选A。
50．句意：第一天我们坐在花园里的时候，她是如此焦虑，尤其是在男士面前很紧张。A. curious“好奇的”；B. anxious“焦虑的”；C. confident“自信的”；D. energetic“精力充沛的”。根据空后“nervous around men”可知，她是如此焦虑。故选B。
51．句意：但你赢得了她的心。A. took“拿走”；B. covered“覆盖”；C. won“赢”；D. knocked“敲，击”。根据下文“Millie started to see our house as her home”可知，此处表示“你赢得了她的心”。故选C。
52．句意：很快她就和我们一起被你的笑话逗乐了！A. aiming“瞄准”；B. striking“打，撞”；C. wondering“想知道”；D. laughing“笑”。根据空后“at your jokes”可知，听见笑话应该会笑。故选D。
53．句意：与此同时，当我给她梳头发或遛狗时，我们之间产生了联系。A. wish“愿望”；B. connection“联系”；C. mark“记号”；D. preparation“准备”。根据空后“while I did her hair or when we walked our dog. With time, Millie started to see our house as her home”可知，米莉把作者的家当成自己家了，因此她们之间有了联系。故选B。
54．句意：现在，我们正在接受更多的寄养儿童。A. break up“打碎，破碎”；B. calm down“平静下来”；C. agree with“同意”；D. take in“接受，收留”。根据空后“more foster kids”可知，作者和丈夫正在接受更多的寄养儿童。故选D。
55．句意：谢谢你帮我把我们建立的爱分享给最需要爱的孩子们。A. parents“父母”；B. pets“宠物”；C. kids“孩子”；D. patients“病人”。根据上文“more foster kids”可知，此处表示把建立的爱分享给最需要爱的孩子们。故选C。
【答案】56．to run；57．scheduled；58．helping；59．a；60．measures；61．necessarily；62．which；63．is caused；64．in；65．effective
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了深圳市关于自动驾驶汽车上路的相关规定。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，冠词，名词，副词，定语从句，时态语态，介词，形容词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：作为中国改革开放的先驱城市，深圳将允许全自动驾驶汽车在某些道路上行驶。allow sb. to do sth.固定短语，“允许某人作某事”，设空处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to run。
57．句意：新规定将于2022年8月1日生效，还明确了涉及自动驾驶的汽车事故的责任规定，有助于填补中国智能汽车行业的法律空白。此处是后置定语，修饰前面的名词the new rule，两者之间为逻辑的被动关系，应用过去分词，故填scheduled。
58．句意：新规定将于2022年8月1日生效，还明确了涉及自动驾驶的汽车事故的责任规定，有助于填补中国智能汽车行业的法律空白。此处和句子的逻辑主语The new rule之间是逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语，故填helping。
59．句意：“深圳正在给自动驾驶汽车发放合法的‘身份证’，这是加速自动驾驶汽车商业化的关键一步”，专家说，他补充说，在扩大这种试验之前，需要更多的法律措施和更多的试验经验。设空处后为名词单数，表泛指，空后形容词legal为辅音音素开头，此处应用不定冠词a，故填a。
60．句意：“深圳正在给自动驾驶汽车发放合法的‘身份证’，这是加速自动驾驶汽车商业化的关键一步”，专家说，他补充说，在扩大这种试验之前，需要更多的法律措施和更多的试验经验。设空处在宾语从句中作主语，根据空前的more，可知设空处应用名词复数的形式。故填measures。
61．句意：新规定称，汽车制造商不一定要给全自动驾驶汽车配备人工驾驶系统，也不一定要有人工驾驶。设空处修饰动词短语have to equip应该用副词形式作状语。故填necessarily。
62．句意：但根据该规定，这种全自动驾驶的车辆只能在深圳市交通管理部门指定的特定道路和路段行驶，该规定于周二发布在深圳市人大官网。 was published on the official website of Shenzhen Municipal People's Congress on Tuesday 是非限制性的定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词为rule，指物，应用关系代词which引导，故填which。
63．句意：在交通事故中，由于车辆的缺陷造成损害的，驾驶员、车主或者车辆的使用者在支付了费用后，可以依法向汽车的制造商或者销售者要求赔偿。此处是条件状语从句的谓语动词，和主语the damage之间是被动关系，叙述客观事实，故设空处为一般现在时的被动语态，从句主语不可数，从句谓语单数形式。故填is caused。
64．句意：在交通事故中，由于车辆的缺陷造成损害的，驾驶员、车主或者车辆的使用者在支付了费用后，可以依法向汽车的制造商或者销售者要求赔偿。in accordance with 固定短语，“依据”，故填in。
65．句意：中国自动驾驶行业正进入黄金发展期，许多有效的政策越来越清晰和开放，技术和算法越来越强大。根据后面的名词policies可知，设空处应用形容词effective作定语修饰名词。故填effective。
66．【答案】A Visit to the City Museum
On March 20th, all the students in Class 7, Grade 12 paid a visit to the city museum, which turned out to be a rewarding and productive journey.
With the guidance of the museum staff, the students walked from one exhibition hall to another, appreciating the delicate art works made by our ancestors with keen interest. They were also lucky enough to get involved in a hands-on activity where they practiced some traditional crafts.
This immersive experience was highly spoken of by every student, who gained a deeper insight into magnificent Chinese culture and consequently took more pride in our time-honored civilization.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份为校英文报写一篇新闻报道 。写作背景： 2月27日你们全班同学参观了市博物馆。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1）参与人员、 时间；2）活动内容；3）活动反响。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：On March 20th, all the students in Class 7, Grade 12 paid a visit to the city museum, which turned out to be a rewarding and productive journey.运用了非限制性定语从句；With the guidance of the museum staff, the students walked from one exhibition hall to another, appreciating the delicate art works made by our ancestors with keen interest.运用了现在分词作伴随状语，过去分词作定语； They were also lucky enough to get involved in a hands-on activity where they practiced some traditional crafts.运用了限制性定语从句；This immersive experience was highly spoken of by every student, who gained a deeper insight into magnificent Chinese culture and consequently took more pride in our time-honored civilization.运用了非限制性定语从句。
67．【答案】【范文赏读 1】
Right away, Gowan and journalists managed to get in touch with Emily. It felt like a miracle to this senior lady and she couldn't even believe it was true. Emily said in an exciting voice," I only possess a few photos of my father and spent most of my life trying to find more about him. I am so happy to hear this discovery!" The letter meant so much to her and it seemed that it was a gift from her father. What was more surprising was another gift from the local paper.
The local paper decided to offer Mr. Gowan an air ticket to deliver the letter in person. Steve Gowan felt it was like a mission and gladly accepted the gift. Hughes's message to his family was finally delivered 85 years after it was sent. When Emily opened the letter with her trembling hands, Gowan witnessed tears, laughter, sweet memories and gratitude, all the mixed feelings from Emily. He felt he had fished not a letter in a bottle but a huge treasure, a bridge connecting the living with the dead, a message bonding a family.
【范文赏读 2】
Right away, Gowan and journalists managed to get in touch with Emily. It took the old lady, who was only two when her father headed off to the battle, really a while to recover from the pleasant surprise. Due to her young age at the time of his death, Emily never knew her father, though she grew up listening to stories about him from her mother and cherishing his award medals. Having only a few photos of her father, Emily spent most of her life trying to find out more about him. She had no idea that a fisherman would give her such a big surprise. Even another amazing thing beyond her expectation was waiting for her too.
The local paper decided to offer Mr. Gowan an air ticket to deliver the letter in person. He jumped at the chance to help Emily connect herself with this lost piece of her past. Emily shed tears of joy when hugging the guest tightly. Holding the amazingly dry and intact note, she offered her heartfelt gratitude, saying the bottle was a great source of warmth and comfort. her eyes glistening with tears, she expressed her sincere appreciation incoherently. Though Gowan joked that he himself a fisherman served as a postman this time, he never expected something clinging to his fishing net would bring so much to a beloved one almost a century later." Thank you, thank you."
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了Steve Gowan在河边钓鱼的时候见到了英国士兵写给他妻子的情书，于是Gowan在报纸上登了广告，找到了这个妻子的女儿Emily。当地报纸给了他一张机票，让他亲自送这封信，最后Emily拿到了信，非常感动。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“Gowan和记者们马上联系上了Emily。”可知，第一段可描写Emily得知这封信之后的反应，这封信对她意义重大，似乎是她父亲送给她的礼物。②由第二段首句内容“当地报纸决定给Gowan先生一张机票，让他亲自送这封信。”可知，第二段可描写Gowan送信的过程以及Emily收到信的反应。
写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：【范文赏读 1】中的 It felt like a miracle to this senior lady and she couldn't even believe it was true. 运用了并列句；I am so happy to hear this discovery!运用了不定式作原因状语 ；The letter meant so much to her and it seemed that it was a gift from her father. 运用了并列从句，表语从句；What was more surprising was another gift from the local paper.运用了主语从句； Steve Gowan felt it was like a mission and gladly accepted the gift.运用了宾语从句； Hughes's message to his family was finally delivered 85 years after it was sent. 运用了时间状语从句，被动语态；When Emily opened the letter with her trembling hands, Gowan witnessed tears, laughter, sweet memories and gratitude, all the mixed feelings from Emily. 运用了时间状语从句；He felt he had fished not a letter in a bottle but a huge treasure, a bridge connecting the living with the dead, a message bonding a family.运用了宾语从句。
【范文赏读 2】It took the old lady, who was only two when her father headed off to the battle, really a while to recover from the pleasant surprise. 运用了非限制性定语从句；Due to her young age at the time of his death, Emily never knew her father, though she grew up listening to stories about him from her mother and cherishing his award medals.运用了让步状语从句； She had no idea that a fisherman would give her such a big surprise. 运用了同位语从句；Emily shed tears of joy when hugging the guest tightly. 运用了省略；Holding the amazingly dry and intact note, she offered her heartfelt gratitude, saying the bottle was a great source of warmth and comfort.运用了现在分词作伴随状语，宾语从句； Her eyes glistening with tears, she expressed her sincere appreciation incoherentl运用了独立主格结构；Though Gowan joked that he himself a fisherman served as a postman this time, he never expected something clinging to his fishing net would bring so much to a beloved one almost a century later." Thank you, thank you."运用了让步状语从句。
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