冠词专项训练
( )1. My mother does at home.
A. washing B. washings C. the washing D. a washing
( )2. She is one of most popular teachers in this school.
A. a B. the C. / D. much
( )3. —Where is key to my bike?
—It’s in your bag.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )4. —How does your father go to work?
— .
A. By a bike B. On feet C. By the car D. By bus
( )5. —Do you know lady in blue?
—Yes, she is a teacher of a university.
A. the B. a C. an D. /
( )6. The fourth of is Thanksgiving Day every year.
A. Thursday; November B. Thursday; the November
C. the Thursday; the November D. the Thursday; November
( )7. wounded and sick must be taken to hospital at once.
A. The; the; a B. /; /; the C. The; the; / D. The; /; the
( )8. —Does Jim have ruler?
—Yes, he has .
A. an; some B. a; one C. a; / D. any; one
( )9. apple a day keeps the doctors away.
A. The B. A C. An D. Two
( )10. One afternoon he found handbag. There was “s” on the corner
of handbag.
A. a; an; the B. a; a; the C. an; an; an D. the; a; a
( )11. —What are you going to be when you grow up?21cnjy.com
—I hope to be artist when I grow up.2·1·c·n·j·y
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )12. —Have you seen magazine? I left it here a moment ago.
—Is it new English magazine? I saw it was taken away by Bruce.
A. a; a B. a; an C. a; the D. the; the
( )13. —How do you get home from ? By bike?www-2-1-cnjy-com
—No, I walk. isn’t very far.
A. school; School B. the school; The school
C. the school; School D. school; The school
( )14. Antonia is American girl. She studies in university in Changsha.
A. the; a B. a; a C. an; a D. an; an
( )15. When he was small pupil, Bill Gates was always trying out new ideas.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )16. Great Wall is longest wall in the world.2-1-c-n-j-y
A. A; a B. The; the C. A; the D. The; a
( )17. —Are you Chinese or American?
—Chinese. But I was brought up in New York.21*cnjy*com
A. an B. / C. the D. one
( )18. —How far is it from your school to amusement park?
—It is two-kilometre walk from here.21教育网
A. the; a B. /; an C. the; an D. /; a
( )19. —Have you got E-mail address?
—Oh yes. Mine is hfc2008@sohu.com.cn.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )20. —Where is Tom?
—He’s having rest over there.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )21. Jim is good at piano. He does well in football, too.
A. playing; playing B. playing; playing the
C. playing the, to play D. playing the, playing
( )22. There’s apple tree in front of house.www.21-cn-jy.com
A. an; / B. the; the C. an; the D. a; the
( )23. It takes us hour or more to go to my hometown by train.
A. an; a B. a; an C. an; / D. a; /
( )24. We can’t see sun at night.
A. a; / B. a; the C. the; / D. the; the
( )25. —Did you enjoy your stay in Guangzhou?
—Yes. We had wonderful time in the White Clouds Hill.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )26. This is song I’ve told you about. Isn’t it beautiful song?
A. the; the B. a; a C. the; a D. a; the
中考真题训练
(2012福州)
( )1.There is no living thing on ________moon.21·cn·jy·com
A.the B.a C.an D.不填21·世纪*教育网
(2012恩施)
( )2._______girl who will perform at the party tomorrow comes from _____European country. 21*cnjy*com
A.The;a B.A;the C.The;an D.a;a【来源:21cnj*y.co*m】
(2013益阳)
( ) 3.______Great Wall is ______longest wall in the world.【版权所有:21教育】
A.The;the B.A;a C.The;a D.A;the21教育名师原创作品
(2013苏州)
( ) 4.----Hurry up,or we’ll be late.
----Take your time.It’s just_______short distance from here to_____cinema.
A./;the B.the;a C.a;the D./;a21世纪教育网版权所有
(2013黄石)
( ) 5.I like______color of your coat.I’ll buy ______blouse like this color.
A.the;the B.a;a C.the;a D.a;the
(2012成都)
( )6.---Maria ,here is my new house.
---Wow,you have _____beautiful house!
A.a B.the C.an D.不填
(2012自贡)
( )7.---I hear your friend is visiting Sanya again.Is it the second time for him?
---Yes,and he will come for _____time next spring.【来源:21·世纪·教育·网】
A.a third B.a second C.the third
(2012温州)
( )8.---Who’s that man?
---Jeremy Lin.He’s_____American basketball player.
A.a B.an C.the D./
(2012嘉兴)
( )9.---Whose is _____pen on the desk?
---It’s Mary’s.
A.a B.an C.the D./
(2012衢州)
( )10.Li Na is one of _____most popular tennis players in China.
A.a B.an C.the D./【出处:21教育名师】
中考英语二轮专项冲刺及真题再现系列之冠词篇
第二章:冠词
冠词 是置于名词之前,说明名词所指人或事物的一种虚词,不能离开名词而存在。
英语冠词有3种:不定冠词(indefinite article)、定冠词(definite article)和零冠词(zero article)。21cnjy.com
一、不定冠词a/an
a用在辅音音素开头的音词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前。
注:①此处不可理解为用于辅音字母或元音字母开头的音词前,而是指发音。
如:a job [? d??b] an artist[?n ` a: tist]
②u开头的音词要根据u的读音而定;读[ju(:)]时前面用a,读[?]等元音时用an。
如:an umbrella一把雨伞, a union一个协会
③另外要注意一些辅音字母单独念时是以元音开头的。
如:F,H,J,L,M,N,R,S,X等
There is an “m” in the word “room”.
④以不发音的h开头构成的单词若以元音音素开头也要用an。
如:an hour一个小时; an honest boy一个诚实的男孩 an honour一种荣誉
不定冠词的具体用法:
1、表示数量“一”的意思,与one相近,但不如one语气强,译成汉语时必有“一”。
如:She got a ticket at last.她最后买到了一张票。
I have a mouth, two eyes, two hands, but he has only one hand.(人有一张嘴两只手是共性,但只有一只手则是残疾,用one强调。)【来源:21cnj*y.co*m】
2、表示一类人或事物之一,译成汉语时常有“一”。
eg: My uncle is an expert on DNA, 我叔叔是一位DNA方面的专家。
3、用来概括整体,表示一类人或事物,译成汉语时一般不带“一”,与any相近。
如:A rose is the symbol of love.玫瑰是爱的象征。
A triangle has three angles.三角形有三个角。
Even a fool can guess it.就是傻子也猜得出来。
4、用来表示时间或度量单位的名词前,相当于per, every或each。
如:An apple a day keeps the doctor away.每天一个苹果,医生远离我。
He walks very slowly. He walks at two kilometers an hour.【来源:21·世纪·教育·网】
他行走很慢。他以每小时两公里的速度行走。
5、用在of之后,表属性,意思是“同样,一样”,相当于the same.
如:Birds of a feather flock together.物以类聚。
Your coat and mine are of a size. 你的外套和我的尺寸一样。
其他如of a color / width/ length/ kind/ type…
同一颜色/宽度/长度/种类/类型……
6、表达言外之意
如:A drowning man catches at a straw.
快要溺死的人会拼命抓稻草。(a straw等于even a straw)
There is a time to be silent and a time to speak.
讲话与沉默皆各有其时。(a time等于a right time)
7、用在形容词最高级前,相当于very。
如:It’s a most useful book.这是一本非常有用的书。
8、用在序数词前,谈化“第几……”的含义,相当于another.
如:Can you give me a second chance, please?
请你再给我一次机会,好吗?(a second chance相当于?another chance).
9、用于固定词组中
如:a few几个, a day or two两天
once upon a time从前,catch a cold患感冒
温馨提示:
不定冠词的一些特殊用法
1、物质名词或抽象名词前一般不加冠词,但若表示“一个”“一份”“一种”“一阵”等含义时,可用不定冠词。【出处:21教育名师】
如:She sat down and ordered a beer. 她坐下来,要了一杯咖啡。
What a heavy snow it is! 多大的一场雪啊!
抽象名词:常见的有education, history,knowledge, pleasure, success, failure, experience, honour等。21教育网
如:The rescue was a success. 这次营救很成功。
2、用于专有名词前,表示“某一”,相当于a certain.
如:Do you know a LiHai? 你认识一个叫刘海的人吗?
3、用于人名、地名、产品名,机构名称等之前,表示“一个”。
如:I wan to know how much a Jetta costs. 我想知道一辆捷达车值多少钱。
4、季节、月份、星期、三餐及世上独一无二的名词前,如有修饰语时可以用a/an。
如:A full moon hangs outside of the window. 窗外一轮满月高悬。
My father and my mother met in a warm winter. 我爸和我妈相识有一个温暖的冬天。
5、不定冠词表一个以上的事物时,一般应重复。
如:We have a black dog and a white cat.我们养了一只黑狗和一只白猫。
如果是同一事物,则可共用一个名词,但仍须重复不定冠词。
如:We have a black and a white dog. 我们养了一个黑狗和一只白狗。
(如果不重复a,则变成a black and white dog,意思就是一只黑白相间的花狗)
在表一种事物的说法中不可重复不定冠词。
a cup and saucer 一副茶杯和茶托; a knife and fork 一副刀叉 ; a nut and bolt 一副螺钉 21*cnjy*com
二、定冠词the
定冠词the源于that,用于专指,与this或that相似,但其指示性较弱,一般不重读。在元音音素开头的单词前读[ei]在辅音音素开头的单词前读[e?]
定冠词的用法:
1、用于双方都知道的人或物前。
如:Open the window, please. 请把窗户打开
(在一个特定的环境中,双方都知道是指哪扇窗)
2、特指上文已提到的人或物。
如:I bought a car last week. The car is red. 我上周买了一辆小汽车。这小汽车是红色的。
3、用在表示世界上独一无二的事物前。
如:The sun is bigger than the earth. 太阳比地球大。
4、与单数名词连用表一类事物,与形容词或分词连用一类人。
如:the dollar美元,the rich有钱人,the living活着的人,the wounded伤员
5、用于表示方位和时间的名词前
in the east 在东方 in the morning在早上/上午
on the left 在左边 in the daytime在白天
6、用在形容词和副词的最高级前,但副词的最高级前,the常省去。
如:Jim is the tallest boy in his class. 吉姆在班上是最高的男孩子。
The girl sings (the) best in our class. 在我们班上这个女孩唱歌唱得最好。
7、用在序数词前。
如:Washington was the first president of the USA. 华盛顿是美国第一任总统。
8、用于姓氏的复数形式前表示一家人或夫妻俩。
The Smiths are watching TV now. 史密斯一家/夫妇正在看电视。
9、在乐器前常用the
He plays the violion in the morning. 他早上拉小提琴。
10、用于逢十的数词的复数前表示年代。
如:in the 1980s. 在二十世纪八十年代。
In the nineties. 在九十年代。
11、用于表示具体计量的结构by the…,意思是“按…计算”
如:The workers are paid by the hour. (这些工人按小时计酬)
They sell coth by the meter.他们论米卖布。(即按米这单位来卖)
12、用在only, last time和very之前,特指某一名词。
如:Miss Liu is the very girl you want. 刘小姐正是你们所需要的女孩。
13、用在“hit/ catch sb, in/ on/ by the+身体某部位”句型,表示“打在/抓住某人身体的某部分”。21·cn·jy·com
如:I caught the thief by the arm. 我抓住了这个贼的胳膊。
14、用于某些专有名词前或固定短语中。
如:the Atlantic Ocean. 大西洋; the People’s Republic of China. 中华人民共和国
all over the world. 全世界; break the law. 犯法
温馨提示:
1、定冠词用于there be结构中。There be后的名词一般不特指,故不用the,但现代英语中特指的情况也不少。
如:There was the dark and evil thought about which he must not think.有那种阴暗的坏想法,他可不该去想。(有定语,并有感彩,表不愉快的事)
2、the + 比较级,the + 比数级,表示“越……,越……”
如:The sooner you go the more you will get. 你去得越早得到的就越多。
3、不同名词指同一事物时,后一名词之前一般不用the。
如:He was the actor and statesman of his age. 他是当时的演员和政治家。
三、零冠词
零冠词不但用于专有名词,抽象名词和物质名词,而且还用于类名词、集体名词以及名词化的各种词类。
零冠词的用法:
1、表示一类事物或一类人的名词复数前不用冠词。
如:Doctors and patients should respect each other. 医生和患者之间要相互尊重。
2、表泛指人类或男女。
如:Man is mortal. 人必有一死。
We have done all that modern man can do. 我们已经做了现代人所能做的一切。
3、呼语和家庭成员前不用冠词。
Where has Dad gone? 爸去哪了?
Come on, little boy. 小伙子,加油!
4、物质名词前一般不加冠词。
如:Gold won’t buy anything. 黄金不能买尽一切。
Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。
Water boils at 100℃. 水在摄氏100度沸腾。
温馨提示: I prefer tea to coffee. 比起咖啡来我更喜欢茶。
A coffee, please. 请来杯咖啡。(加a表示“一杯”)。
5、抽象名词前一般不加冠词
如:Wisdom is better than strength. 智慧胜于力量。
How time flies! 光阴似箭! Facts are facts. 事实就是事实。
6、零冠词用于专有名词。
①人名
William Shakespeare. 威廉·沙士比亚。 Queen Elizabeth. 伊丽莎白女王。
②地名(江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠、学校、公司、政府、国家、上帝、《圣经》等)
Oxford University 牛津大学 Craford Village 克拉福村
Pearl Harbour 珠珠港 Holy Mother Church.圣教堂
③星座、行星等
Mercury.水星 Mars.火星 Venus.金星 Jupiter.木星
Neptune.海王星 Polaris.北极星 Saturn.土星
④语言
German.德语 Chinese.汉语 French.法语 Japanese.日语
⑤报刊、杂志
Time.《时代》 Life《生活》
⑥月份、星期、节假日等
January 一月 Wednesday 星期三 Christmas Day 圣诞节
7、表示独一无二的职位名称前用零冠词(同位语现象)
如:Mr Liu, president of the company, is a man of strong will.2·1·c·n·j·y
公司总裁刘先生是一个意志坚强的人。
这类名词有:chairman, head, chief, director, author, king, queen等
8、三餐前一般不用冠词。
如:We’ll have chicken for supper. 晚饭我们将吃鸡肉。
9、play+球、棋类运动。
如:play basketball. 打篮球 play chess 下棋
10、某种疾病前不加冠词。
如:The old man died of cancer/ flu/ heart disease. 这老人死于癌症/流感/心脏病。
温馨提示:fever/ cold/ cough/ headache/ toothache/ stomachache等词前可以加a。
11、被物主代词,指示代词以及some, any, no, each, every, kind, of, sort of, type of等修饰的名词前不用冠词。21·世纪*教育网
如:my book我的书,this house这房子,some suffering一些痛苦,this type of car这种汽车。【版权所有:21教育】
12、by表示交通、通讯等方式时,用零冠词。
by bike/ bus/ car/ train/ sea/ air…
by hand 手工,by heart 用心记 by letter/ telegram/ fax/ e-mail
13、固定词语中。
如:lose heart.丧失勇气或信心 catch fire.着火
by chance.偶然 without question.毫无疑问
in front of.在…前面 catch sight of.看到……
arm in arm.臂挽臂 from door to door.挨家挨户地
温馨提示:
1、有些情况下,加不加冠词意义上有差别。
如:in hospital(生病)住院
in the hospital在医院里(强调地点)
at school在校 (强调求学)
at the school在校 (强调地点)
at table在吃饭
at the table在桌旁
in front of在……的前面(不包含)
in the front of在……前面(包含在内)
in charge of负责,掌管
in the charge of在……掌管下
in place of代替
in the place of在……的地方
for a moment一会儿
for the moment目前,暂时
two of us我们中的两个人
the two of us我们俩(共计两人)
a Chinese and English dictionary一本汉英词典(一本)
a Chinese and an English dictionary一本汉语词典和一本英语词典(两本)
2、不定冠词常位于such, what, many, half等之后。
如:I have never seen such a boy. 我从来没看过这样的男孩。
Many a man is fit for the job. 很多人胜任这项工作。
3、当名词前的形容词被as, so, too, how, however, enough等副词修饰时,不定冠词放在形容词之后。21世纪教育网版权所有
如:Too long a distance. 太远了。
4、quite, rather与单数名词连用,冠词放在其后。但当quite, rather前有形容词,不定冠词放其前后均可。www.21-cn-jy.com
如:quite a quiet place.一个非常安静的地方= a quite quiet place.www-2-1-cnjy-com
5、在as, though引导的让步状语从句中,当表语为形容词修饰的名词时,不定冠词放在形容词之后。2-1-c-n-j-y
如:Brave a man he is, he trembles at the sight of dogs. 尽管他很勇气,可见到狗还是发抖。21教育名师原创作品
6、定冠词常放在all, both, double, half, twice, three times等词之后,名词之前。
如:All the girls in our class are here.我们班所有的女生都在这。21*cnjy*com
7、省略冠词的地方。
①避免重复。
如:The lightning flashed and thunder crashed.电闪雷鸣。(thunder前省去了the)
②可省略句首的定冠词。
如:Class is dismissed.下课了。
Fact is, she doesn’t like him.事实是她不喜欢他。
③日记体常省去冠词。
如:Nov.1. Had sausages for breakfast. Fine day. Walk in morning. Riding lesson is afternoon. Chicken for dinner.
十一月一日。早餐吃香肠。天气晴和。上午散步。下午练骑马。晚餐吃鸡。(fine day, walk与riding lesson前省去a, morning与afternoon前省去the。)
④报纸标题,图像说明,文章题目,标志,广告等常省去冠词。
如:Footpath to beach此路通海滩。(道路标志,footpath与beach前皆省去the.)
⑤在简约文体中。
如:proposal accepted.同意(批语,proposal前省去the)
冠词专项训练
( )1. My mother does at home.
A. washing B. washings C. the washing D. a washing
( )2. She is one of most popular teachers in this school.
A. a B. the C. / D. much
( )3. —Where is key to my bike?
—It’s in your bag.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )4. —How does your father go to work?
— .
A. By a bike B. On feet C. By the car D. By bus
( )5. —Do you know lady in blue?
—Yes, she is a teacher of a university.
A. the B. a C. an D. /
( )6. The fourth of is Thanksgiving Day every year.
A. Thursday; November B. Thursday; the November
C. the Thursday; the November D. the Thursday; November
( )7. wounded and sick must be taken to hospital at once.
A. The; the; a B. /; /; the C. The; the; / D. The; /; the
( )8. —Does Jim have ruler?
—Yes, he has .
A. an; some B. a; one C. a; / D. any; one
( )9. apple a day keeps the doctors away.
A. The B. A C. An D. Two
( )10. One afternoon he found handbag. There was “s” on the corner
of handbag.
A. a; an; the B. a; a; the C. an; an; an D. the; a; a
( )11. —What are you going to be when you grow up?21cnjy.com
—I hope to be artist when I grow up.2·1·c·n·j·y
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )12. —Have you seen magazine? I left it here a moment ago.
—Is it new English magazine? I saw it was taken away by Bruce.
A. a; a B. a; an C. a; the D. the; the
( )13. —How do you get home from ? By bike?www-2-1-cnjy-com
—No, I walk. isn’t very far.
A. school; School B. the school; The school
C. the school; School D. school; The school
( )14. Antonia is American girl. She studies in university in Changsha.
A. the; a B. a; a C. an; a D. an; an
( )15. When he was small pupil, Bill Gates was always trying out new ideas.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )16. Great Wall is longest wall in the world.2-1-c-n-j-y
A. A; a B. The; the C. A; the D. The; a
( )17. —Are you Chinese or American?
—Chinese. But I was brought up in New York.21*cnjy*com
A. an B. / C. the D. one
( )18. —How far is it from your school to amusement park?
—It is two-kilometre walk from here.21教育网
A. the; a B. /; an C. the; an D. /; a
( )19. —Have you got E-mail address?
—Oh yes. Mine is hfc2008@sohu.com.cn.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )20. —Where is Tom?
—He’s having rest over there.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )21. Jim is good at piano. He does well in football, too.
A. playing; playing B. playing; playing the
C. playing the, to play D. playing the, playing
( )22. There’s apple tree in front of house.www.21-cn-jy.com
A. an; / B. the; the C. an; the D. a; the
( )23. It takes us hour or more to go to my hometown by train.
A. an; a B. a; an C. an; / D. a; /
( )24. We can’t see sun at night.
A. a; / B. a; the C. the; / D. the; the
( )25. —Did you enjoy your stay in Guangzhou?
—Yes. We had wonderful time in the White Clouds Hill.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )26. This is song I’ve told you about. Isn’t it beautiful song?
A. the; the B. a; a C. the; a D. a; the
中考真题训练
(2012福州)
( )1.There is no living thing on ________moon.21·cn·jy·com
A.the B.a C.an D.不填21·世纪*教育网
(2012恩施)
( )2._______girl who will perform at the party tomorrow comes from _____European country. 21*cnjy*com
A.The;a B.A;the C.The;an D.a;a【来源:21cnj*y.co*m】
(2013益阳)
( ) 3.______Great Wall is ______longest wall in the world.【版权所有:21教育】
A.The;the B.A;a C.The;a D.A;the21教育名师原创作品
(2013苏州)
( ) 4.----Hurry up,or we’ll be late.
----Take your time.It’s just_______short distance from here to_____cinema.
A./;the B.the;a C.a;the D./;a21世纪教育网版权所有
(2013黄石)
( ) 5.I like______color of your coat.I’ll buy ______blouse like this color.
A.the;the B.a;a C.the;a D.a;the
(2012成都)
( )6.---Maria ,here is my new house.
---Wow,you have _____beautiful house!
A.a B.the C.an D.不填
(2012自贡)
( )7.---I hear your friend is visiting Sanya again.Is it the second time for him?
---Yes,and he will come for _____time next spring.【来源:21·世纪·教育·网】
A.a third B.a second C.the third
(2012温州)
( )8.---Who’s that man?
---Jeremy Lin.He’s_____American basketball player.
A.a B.an C.the D./
(2012嘉兴)
( )9.---Whose is _____pen on the desk?
---It’s Mary’s.
A.a B.an C.the D./
(2012衢州)
( )10.Li Na is one of _____most popular tennis players in China.
A.a B.an C.the D./【出处:21教育名师】
中考英语二轮专项冲刺及真题再现系列之冠词篇
第二章:冠词
冠词 是置于名词之前,说明名词所指人或事物的一种虚词,不能离开名词而存在。
英语冠词有3种:不定冠词(indefinite article)、定冠词(definite article)和零冠词(zero article)。21cnjy.com
一、不定冠词a/an
a用在辅音音素开头的音词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前。
注:①此处不可理解为用于辅音字母或元音字母开头的音词前,而是指发音。
如:a job [? d??b] an artist[?n ` a: tist]
②u开头的音词要根据u的读音而定;读[ju(:)]时前面用a,读[?]等元音时用an。
如:an umbrella一把雨伞, a union一个协会
③另外要注意一些辅音字母单独念时是以元音开头的。
如:F,H,J,L,M,N,R,S,X等
There is an “m” in the word “room”.
④以不发音的h开头构成的单词若以元音音素开头也要用an。
如:an hour一个小时; an honest boy一个诚实的男孩 an honour一种荣誉
不定冠词的具体用法:
1、表示数量“一”的意思,与one相近,但不如one语气强,译成汉语时必有“一”。
如:She got a ticket at last.她最后买到了一张票。
I have a mouth, two eyes, two hands, but he has only one hand.(人有一张嘴两只手是共性,但只有一只手则是残疾,用one强调。)【来源:21cnj*y.co*m】
2、表示一类人或事物之一,译成汉语时常有“一”。
eg: My uncle is an expert on DNA, 我叔叔是一位DNA方面的专家。
3、用来概括整体,表示一类人或事物,译成汉语时一般不带“一”,与any相近。
如:A rose is the symbol of love.玫瑰是爱的象征。
A triangle has three angles.三角形有三个角。
Even a fool can guess it.就是傻子也猜得出来。
4、用来表示时间或度量单位的名词前,相当于per, every或each。
如:An apple a day keeps the doctor away.每天一个苹果,医生远离我。
He walks very slowly. He walks at two kilometers an hour.【来源:21·世纪·教育·网】
他行走很慢。他以每小时两公里的速度行走。
5、用在of之后,表属性,意思是“同样,一样”,相当于the same.
如:Birds of a feather flock together.物以类聚。
Your coat and mine are of a size. 你的外套和我的尺寸一样。
其他如of a color / width/ length/ kind/ type…
同一颜色/宽度/长度/种类/类型……
6、表达言外之意
如:A drowning man catches at a straw.
快要溺死的人会拼命抓稻草。(a straw等于even a straw)
There is a time to be silent and a time to speak.
讲话与沉默皆各有其时。(a time等于a right time)
7、用在形容词最高级前,相当于very。
如:It’s a most useful book.这是一本非常有用的书。
8、用在序数词前,谈化“第几……”的含义,相当于another.
如:Can you give me a second chance, please?
请你再给我一次机会,好吗?(a second chance相当于?another chance).
9、用于固定词组中
如:a few几个, a day or two两天
once upon a time从前,catch a cold患感冒
温馨提示:
不定冠词的一些特殊用法
1、物质名词或抽象名词前一般不加冠词,但若表示“一个”“一份”“一种”“一阵”等含义时,可用不定冠词。【出处:21教育名师】
如:She sat down and ordered a beer. 她坐下来,要了一杯咖啡。
What a heavy snow it is! 多大的一场雪啊!
抽象名词:常见的有education, history,knowledge, pleasure, success, failure, experience, honour等。21教育网
如:The rescue was a success. 这次营救很成功。
2、用于专有名词前,表示“某一”,相当于a certain.
如:Do you know a LiHai? 你认识一个叫刘海的人吗?
3、用于人名、地名、产品名,机构名称等之前,表示“一个”。
如:I wan to know how much a Jetta costs. 我想知道一辆捷达车值多少钱。
4、季节、月份、星期、三餐及世上独一无二的名词前,如有修饰语时可以用a/an。
如:A full moon hangs outside of the window. 窗外一轮满月高悬。
My father and my mother met in a warm winter. 我爸和我妈相识有一个温暖的冬天。
5、不定冠词表一个以上的事物时,一般应重复。
如:We have a black dog and a white cat.我们养了一只黑狗和一只白猫。
如果是同一事物,则可共用一个名词,但仍须重复不定冠词。
如:We have a black and a white dog. 我们养了一个黑狗和一只白狗。
(如果不重复a,则变成a black and white dog,意思就是一只黑白相间的花狗)
在表一种事物的说法中不可重复不定冠词。
a cup and saucer 一副茶杯和茶托; a knife and fork 一副刀叉 ; a nut and bolt 一副螺钉 21*cnjy*com
二、定冠词the
定冠词the源于that,用于专指,与this或that相似,但其指示性较弱,一般不重读。在元音音素开头的单词前读[ei]在辅音音素开头的单词前读[e?]
定冠词的用法:
1、用于双方都知道的人或物前。
如:Open the window, please. 请把窗户打开
(在一个特定的环境中,双方都知道是指哪扇窗)
2、特指上文已提到的人或物。
如:I bought a car last week. The car is red. 我上周买了一辆小汽车。这小汽车是红色的。
3、用在表示世界上独一无二的事物前。
如:The sun is bigger than the earth. 太阳比地球大。
4、与单数名词连用表一类事物,与形容词或分词连用一类人。
如:the dollar美元,the rich有钱人,the living活着的人,the wounded伤员
5、用于表示方位和时间的名词前
in the east 在东方 in the morning在早上/上午
on the left 在左边 in the daytime在白天
6、用在形容词和副词的最高级前,但副词的最高级前,the常省去。
如:Jim is the tallest boy in his class. 吉姆在班上是最高的男孩子。
The girl sings (the) best in our class. 在我们班上这个女孩唱歌唱得最好。
7、用在序数词前。
如:Washington was the first president of the USA. 华盛顿是美国第一任总统。
8、用于姓氏的复数形式前表示一家人或夫妻俩。
The Smiths are watching TV now. 史密斯一家/夫妇正在看电视。
9、在乐器前常用the
He plays the violion in the morning. 他早上拉小提琴。
10、用于逢十的数词的复数前表示年代。
如:in the 1980s. 在二十世纪八十年代。
In the nineties. 在九十年代。
11、用于表示具体计量的结构by the…,意思是“按…计算”
如:The workers are paid by the hour. (这些工人按小时计酬)
They sell coth by the meter.他们论米卖布。(即按米这单位来卖)
12、用在only, last time和very之前,特指某一名词。
如:Miss Liu is the very girl you want. 刘小姐正是你们所需要的女孩。
13、用在“hit/ catch sb, in/ on/ by the+身体某部位”句型,表示“打在/抓住某人身体的某部分”。21·cn·jy·com
如:I caught the thief by the arm. 我抓住了这个贼的胳膊。
14、用于某些专有名词前或固定短语中。
如:the Atlantic Ocean. 大西洋; the People’s Republic of China. 中华人民共和国
all over the world. 全世界; break the law. 犯法
温馨提示:
1、定冠词用于there be结构中。There be后的名词一般不特指,故不用the,但现代英语中特指的情况也不少。
如:There was the dark and evil thought about which he must not think.有那种阴暗的坏想法,他可不该去想。(有定语,并有感彩,表不愉快的事)
2、the + 比较级,the + 比数级,表示“越……,越……”
如:The sooner you go the more you will get. 你去得越早得到的就越多。
3、不同名词指同一事物时,后一名词之前一般不用the。
如:He was the actor and statesman of his age. 他是当时的演员和政治家。
三、零冠词
零冠词不但用于专有名词,抽象名词和物质名词,而且还用于类名词、集体名词以及名词化的各种词类。
零冠词的用法:
1、表示一类事物或一类人的名词复数前不用冠词。
如:Doctors and patients should respect each other. 医生和患者之间要相互尊重。
2、表泛指人类或男女。
如:Man is mortal. 人必有一死。
We have done all that modern man can do. 我们已经做了现代人所能做的一切。
3、呼语和家庭成员前不用冠词。
Where has Dad gone? 爸去哪了?
Come on, little boy. 小伙子,加油!
4、物质名词前一般不加冠词。
如:Gold won’t buy anything. 黄金不能买尽一切。
Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。
Water boils at 100℃. 水在摄氏100度沸腾。
温馨提示: I prefer tea to coffee. 比起咖啡来我更喜欢茶。
A coffee, please. 请来杯咖啡。(加a表示“一杯”)。
5、抽象名词前一般不加冠词
如:Wisdom is better than strength. 智慧胜于力量。
How time flies! 光阴似箭! Facts are facts. 事实就是事实。
6、零冠词用于专有名词。
①人名
William Shakespeare. 威廉·沙士比亚。 Queen Elizabeth. 伊丽莎白女王。
②地名(江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠、学校、公司、政府、国家、上帝、《圣经》等)
Oxford University 牛津大学 Craford Village 克拉福村
Pearl Harbour 珠珠港 Holy Mother Church.圣教堂
③星座、行星等
Mercury.水星 Mars.火星 Venus.金星 Jupiter.木星
Neptune.海王星 Polaris.北极星 Saturn.土星
④语言
German.德语 Chinese.汉语 French.法语 Japanese.日语
⑤报刊、杂志
Time.《时代》 Life《生活》
⑥月份、星期、节假日等
January 一月 Wednesday 星期三 Christmas Day 圣诞节
7、表示独一无二的职位名称前用零冠词(同位语现象)
如:Mr Liu, president of the company, is a man of strong will.2·1·c·n·j·y
公司总裁刘先生是一个意志坚强的人。
这类名词有:chairman, head, chief, director, author, king, queen等
8、三餐前一般不用冠词。
如:We’ll have chicken for supper. 晚饭我们将吃鸡肉。
9、play+球、棋类运动。
如:play basketball. 打篮球 play chess 下棋
10、某种疾病前不加冠词。
如:The old man died of cancer/ flu/ heart disease. 这老人死于癌症/流感/心脏病。
温馨提示:fever/ cold/ cough/ headache/ toothache/ stomachache等词前可以加a。
11、被物主代词,指示代词以及some, any, no, each, every, kind, of, sort of, type of等修饰的名词前不用冠词。21·世纪*教育网
如:my book我的书,this house这房子,some suffering一些痛苦,this type of car这种汽车。【版权所有:21教育】
12、by表示交通、通讯等方式时,用零冠词。
by bike/ bus/ car/ train/ sea/ air…
by hand 手工,by heart 用心记 by letter/ telegram/ fax/ e-mail
13、固定词语中。
如:lose heart.丧失勇气或信心 catch fire.着火
by chance.偶然 without question.毫无疑问
in front of.在…前面 catch sight of.看到……
arm in arm.臂挽臂 from door to door.挨家挨户地
温馨提示:
1、有些情况下,加不加冠词意义上有差别。
如:in hospital(生病)住院
in the hospital在医院里(强调地点)
at school在校 (强调求学)
at the school在校 (强调地点)
at table在吃饭
at the table在桌旁
in front of在……的前面(不包含)
in the front of在……前面(包含在内)
in charge of负责,掌管
in the charge of在……掌管下
in place of代替
in the place of在……的地方
for a moment一会儿
for the moment目前,暂时
two of us我们中的两个人
the two of us我们俩(共计两人)
a Chinese and English dictionary一本汉英词典(一本)
a Chinese and an English dictionary一本汉语词典和一本英语词典(两本)
2、不定冠词常位于such, what, many, half等之后。
如:I have never seen such a boy. 我从来没看过这样的男孩。
Many a man is fit for the job. 很多人胜任这项工作。
3、当名词前的形容词被as, so, too, how, however, enough等副词修饰时,不定冠词放在形容词之后。21世纪教育网版权所有
如:Too long a distance. 太远了。
4、quite, rather与单数名词连用,冠词放在其后。但当quite, rather前有形容词,不定冠词放其前后均可。www.21-cn-jy.com
如:quite a quiet place.一个非常安静的地方= a quite quiet place.www-2-1-cnjy-com
5、在as, though引导的让步状语从句中,当表语为形容词修饰的名词时,不定冠词放在形容词之后。2-1-c-n-j-y
如:Brave a man he is, he trembles at the sight of dogs. 尽管他很勇气,可见到狗还是发抖。21教育名师原创作品
6、定冠词常放在all, both, double, half, twice, three times等词之后,名词之前。
如:All the girls in our class are here.我们班所有的女生都在这。21*cnjy*com
7、省略冠词的地方。
①避免重复。
如:The lightning flashed and thunder crashed.电闪雷鸣。(thunder前省去了the)
②可省略句首的定冠词。
如:Class is dismissed.下课了。
Fact is, she doesn’t like him.事实是她不喜欢他。
③日记体常省去冠词。
如:Nov.1. Had sausages for breakfast. Fine day. Walk in morning. Riding lesson is afternoon. Chicken for dinner.
十一月一日。早餐吃香肠。天气晴和。上午散步。下午练骑马。晚餐吃鸡。(fine day, walk与riding lesson前省去a, morning与afternoon前省去the。)
④报纸标题,图像说明,文章题目,标志,广告等常省去冠词。
如:Footpath to beach此路通海滩。(道路标志,footpath与beach前皆省去the.)
⑤在简约文体中。
如:proposal accepted.同意(批语,proposal前省去the)